The recent advancements in thermoelectric materials are largely credited to two factors,namely established physical theories and advanced materials engineering methods.The developments in the physical theories have co...The recent advancements in thermoelectric materials are largely credited to two factors,namely established physical theories and advanced materials engineering methods.The developments in the physical theories have come a long way from the“phonon glass electron crystal”paradigm to the more recent band convergence and nanostructuring,which consequently results in drastic improvement in the thermoelectric figure of merit value.On the other hand,the progresses in materials fabrication methods and processing technologies have enabled the discovery of new physical mechanisms,hence further facilitating the emergence of high-performance thermoelectric materials.In recent years,many comprehensive review articles are focused on various aspects of thermoelectrics ranging from thermoelectric materials,physical mechanisms and materials process techniques in particular with emphasis on solid state reactions.While bottom-up approaches to obtain thermoelectric materials have widely been employed in thermoelectrics,comprehensive reviews on summarizing such methods are still rare.In this review,we will outline a variety of bottom-up strategies for preparing high-performance thermoelectric materials.In addition,state-of-art,challenges and future opportunities in this domain will be commented.展开更多
Developing sustainable and clean energy-conversion techniques is one of the strategies to simultaneously meet the global energy demand,save fossil fuels and protect the environment,in which nanocatalysts with high act...Developing sustainable and clean energy-conversion techniques is one of the strategies to simultaneously meet the global energy demand,save fossil fuels and protect the environment,in which nanocatalysts with high activity,selectivity and durability are of great importance.Intermetallic nanocrystals,featuring their ordered atomic arrangements and predictable electronic structures,have been recognized as a type of active and durable catalysts in energy-related applications.In this minireview,the very recent progress in the syntheses and electrocatalytic applications of noble metal-based intermetallic nanocrystals is summarized.Various synthetic strategies,including the conventional thermal annealing approach and its diverse modifications,as well as the wet-chemical synthesis,for the construction of binary,ternary and high-entropy intermetallic nanocrystals have been discussed with representative examples,highlighting their strengths and limitations.Then,their electrocatalytic applications toward oxygen reduction reaction,small molecule oxidation reactions,hydrogen evolution reaction,CO_(2)/CO reduction reactions,and nitrogen reduction reaction are discussed,with the emphasis on how the ordered intermetallic structures contribute to the enhanced performance.We conclude the minireview by addressing the current challenges and opportunities of intermetallic nanocrystals in terms of syntheses and electrocatalytic applications.展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge support from A*STAR’s Science and Engineering Research Council,PHAROS program on Hybrid Thermoelectrics for Ambient Applications(Grant Nos.:1527200019,1527200020 and 1527200021)Agritech program on Sustainable Hybrid Lighting System for Controlled Environment Agriculture:A19D9a0096.
文摘The recent advancements in thermoelectric materials are largely credited to two factors,namely established physical theories and advanced materials engineering methods.The developments in the physical theories have come a long way from the“phonon glass electron crystal”paradigm to the more recent band convergence and nanostructuring,which consequently results in drastic improvement in the thermoelectric figure of merit value.On the other hand,the progresses in materials fabrication methods and processing technologies have enabled the discovery of new physical mechanisms,hence further facilitating the emergence of high-performance thermoelectric materials.In recent years,many comprehensive review articles are focused on various aspects of thermoelectrics ranging from thermoelectric materials,physical mechanisms and materials process techniques in particular with emphasis on solid state reactions.While bottom-up approaches to obtain thermoelectric materials have widely been employed in thermoelectrics,comprehensive reviews on summarizing such methods are still rare.In this review,we will outline a variety of bottom-up strategies for preparing high-performance thermoelectric materials.In addition,state-of-art,challenges and future opportunities in this domain will be commented.
文摘Developing sustainable and clean energy-conversion techniques is one of the strategies to simultaneously meet the global energy demand,save fossil fuels and protect the environment,in which nanocatalysts with high activity,selectivity and durability are of great importance.Intermetallic nanocrystals,featuring their ordered atomic arrangements and predictable electronic structures,have been recognized as a type of active and durable catalysts in energy-related applications.In this minireview,the very recent progress in the syntheses and electrocatalytic applications of noble metal-based intermetallic nanocrystals is summarized.Various synthetic strategies,including the conventional thermal annealing approach and its diverse modifications,as well as the wet-chemical synthesis,for the construction of binary,ternary and high-entropy intermetallic nanocrystals have been discussed with representative examples,highlighting their strengths and limitations.Then,their electrocatalytic applications toward oxygen reduction reaction,small molecule oxidation reactions,hydrogen evolution reaction,CO_(2)/CO reduction reactions,and nitrogen reduction reaction are discussed,with the emphasis on how the ordered intermetallic structures contribute to the enhanced performance.We conclude the minireview by addressing the current challenges and opportunities of intermetallic nanocrystals in terms of syntheses and electrocatalytic applications.
