Syphilis,caused by Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum(T.pallidum),is a chronic,systemic human disease transmitted through sexual contact.The incidence and prevalence of syphilis is still high in China.[1]To guide the p...Syphilis,caused by Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum(T.pallidum),is a chronic,systemic human disease transmitted through sexual contact.The incidence and prevalence of syphilis is still high in China.[1]To guide the prevention measures and management of this disease,we renew the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of syphilis[Supplementary file,http://links.lww.com/CM9/A292].Manifestations and diagnosis of all stages of syphilis are presented in Table 1,and management in Table 2.展开更多
Gonorrhea is one of the main sexually transmitted diseases in China.It mainly affects the genitourinary tract,and its clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to complicated types.The diagnosis of gonorrhea shou...Gonorrhea is one of the main sexually transmitted diseases in China.It mainly affects the genitourinary tract,and its clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to complicated types.The diagnosis of gonorrhea should be based on the patient's epidemiologicai history,clinical manifestations,and laboratory examination results.Treatment should be prompt and standardized and should involve the recommended treatment regimens.Patients should be appropriately followed up after treatment.The antimicrobial resistance of gonococcal isolates has become a severe problem of clinical concern.In order to provide technical guidance of the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea for health care workers,the authors developed the guidelines based on the version of 2014,which will be of important in the standardizing medical care of gonorrhea,and further facilitating control and prevention of the disease.展开更多
Objective:Gonorrhea is a globally widespread sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.This study is aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of gonorrhea cases reported in China in 20...Objective:Gonorrhea is a globally widespread sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.This study is aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of gonorrhea cases reported in China in 2018 and provide evidence for strategies making in the gonorrhea prevention and control programme.Methods:Gonorrhea cases were extracted from National Notifiable Disease Report System (NNDRS) covering 31 provinces,autonomous regions,arnd municipalities in the mainland of China.The overall incidence rate was calculated,as were rate per province,sex,age group,and occupation group.ResultS:in 2018,133,156 new cases of gonorrhea were reported in China,corresponding to an incidence rate of 9.59 cases per 100,000 population and having a 36.03% increase from 2014 (7.05 cases per 100,000 population).Zhejiang,Hainan,Guangdong,Fujian provinces,and Shanghai city had a higher reported rate (14.05-28.00 per 100,000 population).Hebei,Tianjin,Tibet,Heilongjiang,and Jilin provinces had a lower rerted rate (1.56-5.19 per 100,000 population).The males had a much higher incidence than the females (15.81 per 100,000 vs.3.08 per 100,000) and a faster rising rate (38.32% vs.27.27%).The highest rate was detected in the aged 25-29 years both of male and female (46.37 and 6.60 per 100,000,respectively),followed by those aged 30-34 years (41.12 and 6.39 per 100,000,respectively).The largest proportion of gonorrhea cases was among the farmers accounting for 27.74%,followed by the unemployed persons (24.67%),business persons (17.02%) and industrial workers (9.50%).Conclusion:In general,gonorrhea has an increasing trend from 2014 and remains a common notifiable disease in China in 2018.Young males who are sexually active are high risk populations for gonococ~ infection.The southeast coastal areas with developed economy have a higher rate of gonorrhea reported.Corresponding strategies on disease prevention and control should be performed on the high risk populations and regions.展开更多
Objective To study the temporal trends in gonorrhoea incidence in China between 1991 and 2016.Methods We obtained gonorrhoea surveillance data from the National Center for STD Control and population data from the Nati...Objective To study the temporal trends in gonorrhoea incidence in China between 1991 and 2016.Methods We obtained gonorrhoea surveillance data from the National Center for STD Control and population data from the National Bureau of Statistics in China.Joinpoint regression was performed to assess temporal trends of gonorrhoea incidence stratified by age and gender.Results Male-to-female incidence ratios of gonoeehoea have been increasing during the study period,ranging from 1.60 to 5.08.After the earlier increases,gonorrhoea incidence rates were found to have declined from the early 2000s.However,stalls or reversals of declining trends were observed in sexually active age groups in recent years,particularly a sharp increase (18.5％ per year) among males aged between 15 and 19 years.Conclusions Gonnorrhoea incidence increased sharply from 1991 to 1999 and then declined significantly until 2012.Further observations are needed for slight and nonsignificant increases of incidence in recent years,and more effective interventions targeting adolescents or other high risk populations are needed for disease control and prevention.展开更多
基金the Union Innovation Team Project of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2016-I2M-3021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81772209,81601804).
文摘Syphilis,caused by Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum(T.pallidum),is a chronic,systemic human disease transmitted through sexual contact.The incidence and prevalence of syphilis is still high in China.[1]To guide the prevention measures and management of this disease,we renew the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of syphilis[Supplementary file,http://links.lww.com/CM9/A292].Manifestations and diagnosis of all stages of syphilis are presented in Table 1,and management in Table 2.
基金This study was supported by the Union Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2016-I2M-3021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81772209 and No.81601804).
文摘Gonorrhea is one of the main sexually transmitted diseases in China.It mainly affects the genitourinary tract,and its clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to complicated types.The diagnosis of gonorrhea should be based on the patient's epidemiologicai history,clinical manifestations,and laboratory examination results.Treatment should be prompt and standardized and should involve the recommended treatment regimens.Patients should be appropriately followed up after treatment.The antimicrobial resistance of gonococcal isolates has become a severe problem of clinical concern.In order to provide technical guidance of the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea for health care workers,the authors developed the guidelines based on the version of 2014,which will be of important in the standardizing medical care of gonorrhea,and further facilitating control and prevention of the disease.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.CIFMS-2017-I2M-1-017)
文摘Objective:Gonorrhea is a globally widespread sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.This study is aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of gonorrhea cases reported in China in 2018 and provide evidence for strategies making in the gonorrhea prevention and control programme.Methods:Gonorrhea cases were extracted from National Notifiable Disease Report System (NNDRS) covering 31 provinces,autonomous regions,arnd municipalities in the mainland of China.The overall incidence rate was calculated,as were rate per province,sex,age group,and occupation group.ResultS:in 2018,133,156 new cases of gonorrhea were reported in China,corresponding to an incidence rate of 9.59 cases per 100,000 population and having a 36.03% increase from 2014 (7.05 cases per 100,000 population).Zhejiang,Hainan,Guangdong,Fujian provinces,and Shanghai city had a higher reported rate (14.05-28.00 per 100,000 population).Hebei,Tianjin,Tibet,Heilongjiang,and Jilin provinces had a lower rerted rate (1.56-5.19 per 100,000 population).The males had a much higher incidence than the females (15.81 per 100,000 vs.3.08 per 100,000) and a faster rising rate (38.32% vs.27.27%).The highest rate was detected in the aged 25-29 years both of male and female (46.37 and 6.60 per 100,000,respectively),followed by those aged 30-34 years (41.12 and 6.39 per 100,000,respectively).The largest proportion of gonorrhea cases was among the farmers accounting for 27.74%,followed by the unemployed persons (24.67%),business persons (17.02%) and industrial workers (9.50%).Conclusion:In general,gonorrhea has an increasing trend from 2014 and remains a common notifiable disease in China in 2018.Young males who are sexually active are high risk populations for gonococ~ infection.The southeast coastal areas with developed economy have a higher rate of gonorrhea reported.Corresponding strategies on disease prevention and control should be performed on the high risk populations and regions.
文摘Objective To study the temporal trends in gonorrhoea incidence in China between 1991 and 2016.Methods We obtained gonorrhoea surveillance data from the National Center for STD Control and population data from the National Bureau of Statistics in China.Joinpoint regression was performed to assess temporal trends of gonorrhoea incidence stratified by age and gender.Results Male-to-female incidence ratios of gonoeehoea have been increasing during the study period,ranging from 1.60 to 5.08.After the earlier increases,gonorrhoea incidence rates were found to have declined from the early 2000s.However,stalls or reversals of declining trends were observed in sexually active age groups in recent years,particularly a sharp increase (18.5％ per year) among males aged between 15 and 19 years.Conclusions Gonnorrhoea incidence increased sharply from 1991 to 1999 and then declined significantly until 2012.Further observations are needed for slight and nonsignificant increases of incidence in recent years,and more effective interventions targeting adolescents or other high risk populations are needed for disease control and prevention.
