目的分析血糖信息化管理系统对糖尿病患者的疗效及自我管理能力的影响。方法实施全院血糖管理前,随机选取2016年1月-2016年6月在郑州人民医院治疗的112例2型糖尿病患者为对照组;实施全院血糖管理后,选取2016年7月-2016年12月该院收治的...目的分析血糖信息化管理系统对糖尿病患者的疗效及自我管理能力的影响。方法实施全院血糖管理前,随机选取2016年1月-2016年6月在郑州人民医院治疗的112例2型糖尿病患者为对照组;实施全院血糖管理后,选取2016年7月-2016年12月该院收治的112例手术患者为观察组。对照组患者采用传统床旁血糖仪及血糖管理模式;观察组患者采用全信息化血糖管理模式。对比患者的自我管理能力的改变,检测患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)等指标进行比较。结果观察组对血糖相关知识的知晓率、血糖达标率及糖化血红蛋白达标率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的自测血糖率、适当运动率、合理饮食率及规范用药率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的FPG、2 h PG、TC、TG及Hb AIc低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论医院实施全院血糖信息化管理后,方便医护人员获取患者信息,纠正患者不良生活习惯,有效改善患者的血糖指标,提高患者对医院服务的满意度。展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of T helper(Th)17/T regulatory(Treg)cells on hepatic fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride....AIM:To investigate the effect of T helper(Th)17/T regulatory(Treg)cells on hepatic fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride.Hepatic pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining;the protein levels of interleukin(IL)-6,transforming growth factor(TGF)-βandα-smooth muscle actin(SMA)in liver tissue were determined by Western blotting;and the frequency of Th17 and Treg cells in the liver was estimated by flow cytometry.In addition,hepatic stellate cells were isolated from healthy mouse liver and co-cultured with Th17 or Treg cells.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were performed to determine the change in HSC activation.RESULTS:In the model group,there were different degrees of fibroplasia,degeneration and necrosis.The protein levels of IL-6,TGF-βandα-SMA in liver tissue were significantly higher than those in the control group at 12 wk(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the frequency of Th17 cells in the model group was increased but the frequency of Treg cells decreased gradually.Furthermore,at 4,8 and 12 wk,there were significant differences in the number of Th17 cells(0.52%±0.16%,1.46%±0.24%,and2.60%±0.41%,respectively,P<0.05)and Treg cells(2.99%±0.40%,2.16%±0.50%,and 1.49%±0.34%,respectively,P<0.05).In vitro,Th17 cells promoted,whereas Treg cells inhibited the expression ofα-SMA,both in a dose-dependent manner,compared with the control group.CONCLUSION:Th17/Treg imbalance exists in mice with liver fibrosis,which potentially promotes liver fibrosis via HSC activation.展开更多
Introduction: Brain metastasis is common in relapsed neuroblastoma patients, but the characteristics of brain metastasis remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the status of brain metastasis with neur...Introduction: Brain metastasis is common in relapsed neuroblastoma patients, but the characteristics of brain metastasis remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the status of brain metastasis with neuroblastoma in South China.Methods: In this retrospective case?based study, 106 patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma from the Department of Pediatric Oncology in Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center between January 2004 and May 2013 were included. The incidence, risk factors, and survival status of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.Results: Of the 106 patients, 11(10.4%) developed brain metastasis, accounting for 20.0% of 55 patients with relapse or progression. The age at initial diagnosis of the 11 patients ranged from 2 to 10 years(median 4 years), which was younger than that of the patients without brain metastasis(median 5 years, range 1–10 years, P = 0.073). The male to female ratio of the 11 patients was 8:3, which was not signiicantly diferent from that of the patients with?out brain metastasis(P = 0.86). Patients with brain metastasis had higher lactate dehydrogenase levels than those without brain metastasis, but the diferences were not signiicant(P initial diagnosis to the develo= 0.076). Eight patients died, and 3 patients survived. The median interval from thepment of brain metastasis was 18 months(range 6–32 months). The median survival was 4 months(range 1 day to 29 months) after the diagnosis of brain metastasis. The median interval from the manifestation of brain metastasis to death was 3 months(range 1 day to 11 months).Conclusions: High?risk factors for brain metastasis in cases of neuroblastoma include bone marrow involvement and a younger age at initial diagnosis. Nevertheless, multiple treatment modalities can improve disease?free survival.展开更多
For children with stage II testicular malignant germ cell tumors(MGCT), the survival is good with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there is limited data on surgical results for cases in which there was no i...For children with stage II testicular malignant germ cell tumors(MGCT), the survival is good with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there is limited data on surgical results for cases in which there was no imaging or pathologic evidence of residual tumor, but in which serum tumor markers either increased or failed to normalize after an appropriate period of half-life time post-surgery. To determine the use of chemotherapy for children with stage II germ cell tumors, we analyzed the outcomes(relapse rate and overall survival) of patients who were treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1990 and May 2013. Twenty-four pediatric patients with a median age of 20 months(range, 4 months to 17 years) were enrolled in this study. In 20 cases(83.3%), the tumors had yolk sac histology. For definitive treatment, 21 patients underwent surgery alone, and 3 patients received surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. No relapse was observed in the 3 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas relapse occurred in 16 of the 21 patients(76.2%) treated with surgery alone. There were a total of 2 deaths. Treatment was stopped for 1 patient, who died 3 months later due to the tumor. The other patient achieved complete response after salvage treatment, but developed lung and pelvic metastases 7 months later and died of the tumor after stopping treatment. For children treated with surgery alone and surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy, the 3-year event-free survival rates were 23.8% and 100%, respectively(P = 0.042), and the 3-year overall survival rates were 90.5% and 100%, respectively(P = 0.588). These results suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy can help to reduce the recurrence rate and increase the survival rate for patients with stage II germ cell tumors.展开更多
Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors(CNS-GCTs) in children and adolescents have unique clinical features and methods of treatment compared with those in adults. There is little information about Chinese chi...Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors(CNS-GCTs) in children and adolescents have unique clinical features and methods of treatment compared with those in adults. There is little information about Chinese children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs. Therefore, in this study we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and treatment outcome of Chinese children and adolescents with primary CNS-GCTs. Between January 2002 and December 2012, 57 untreated patients from a single institution were enrolled. They were diagnosed with CNS-GCTs after pathologic or clinical assessment. Of the 57 patients, 41 were males and 16 were females, with a median age of 12.8 years(range, 2.7 to 18.0 years) at diagnosis; 43(75.4%) had non-germinomatous germ cell tumors(NGGCTs) and 14(24.6%) had germinomas; 44(77.2%) had localized disease and 13(22.8%) had extensive lesions. Fifty-three patients completed the prescribed treatment, of which 18 underwent monotherapy of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, and 35 underwent multimodality therapies that included radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy or surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. PEB(cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin) protocol was the major chemotherapy regimen. The median follow-up time was 32.3 months(range, 1.2 to 139 months). Fourteen patients died of relapse or disease progression. The 3-year event-free survival(EFS) and overall survival rates for all patients were 72.2% and 73.8%, respectively. The 3-year EFS was 92.9% for germinomas and 64.8% for NGGCTs(P = 0.064). The 3-year EFS rates for patients with NGGCTs who underwent monotherapy and multimodality therapies were 50.6% and 73.5%, respectively(P = 0.042). Our results indicate that multimodality therapies including chemotherapy plus radiotherapy were better treatment option for children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs.展开更多
Pediatric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a highly aggressive disease with unique clinical characteristics.This study analyzed the germinal-center type B-cell(GCB)classification and clinical characteristics of ...Pediatric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a highly aggressive disease with unique clinical characteristics.This study analyzed the germinal-center type B-cell(GCB)classification and clinical characteristics of Chinese pediatric DLBCL.A total of 76 patients with DLBCL newly diagnosed in Sun Yatsen University Cancer Center between February 2000 and May 2011,with an age younger than 18 years,were included in the analysis.The male/female ratio was 3.47:1.The median age was 12 years(range,2 to 18 years),and 47(61.8%)patients were at least 10 years old.Of the 76 patients,48(63.2%)had stage III/IV disease,9(11.8%)had bone marrow involvement,1(1.3%)had central nervous system(CNS)involvement,and 5(6.6%)had bone involvement.The GCB classification was assessed in 45 patients:26(57.8%)were classified as GCB subtype,and 19(42.2%)were classified as non-GCB subtype.The modified B-NHL-BFM-90/95 regimen was administered to 50 patients,and the 4-year event-free survival(EFS)rate was 85.8%.Among these 50 patients,31 were assessed for the GCB classification:17(54.8%)were classified as GCB subtype,with a 4-year EFS rate of 88.2%;14(45.2%)were classified as non-GCB subtype,with a 4-year EFS rate of 92.9%.Our data indicate that bone marrow involvement and stage III/IV disease are common in Chinese pediatric DLBCL patients,whereas the percentage of patients with the GCB subtype is similar to that of patients with the non-GCB subtype.The modified B-NHL-BFM-90/95protocol is an active and effective treatment protocol for Chinese pediatric patients with DLBCL.展开更多
The diffusion coefficient of natural gas in foamy oil is one of the key parameters to evaluate the feasibility of gas injection for enhanced oil recovery in foamy oil reservoirs.In this paper,a PVT cell was used to me...The diffusion coefficient of natural gas in foamy oil is one of the key parameters to evaluate the feasibility of gas injection for enhanced oil recovery in foamy oil reservoirs.In this paper,a PVT cell was used to measure diffusion coefficients of natural gas in Venezuela foamy oil at high pressures,and a new method for determining the diffusion coefficient in the foamy oil was developed on the basis of experimental data.The effects of pressure and the types of the liquid phase on the diffusion coefficient of the natural gas were discussed.The results indicate that the diffusion coefficients of natural gas in foamy oil,saturated oil,and dead oil increase linearly with increasing pressure.The diffusion coefficient of natural gas in the foamy oil at 20 MPa was 2.93 times larger than that at 8.65 MPa.The diffusion coefficient of the natural gas in dead oil was 3.02 and 4.02 times than that of the natural gas in saturated oil and foamy oil when the pressure was20 MPa.However,the gas content of foamy oil was 16.9times higher than that of dead oil when the dissolution time and pressure were 20 MPa and 35.22 h,respectively.展开更多
Lymphoma is seen in up to 30%of patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease(XLP),but cerebral vasculitis related with XLP after cure of Burkitt lymphoma is rarely reported.We describe a case of a 5-year-old boy...Lymphoma is seen in up to 30%of patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease(XLP),but cerebral vasculitis related with XLP after cure of Burkitt lymphoma is rarely reported.We describe a case of a 5-year-old boy with XLP who developed cerebral vasculitis two years after cure of Burkitt lymphoma.He had Burkitt lymphoma at the age of 3 years and received chemotherapy(non-Hodgkin’s lymphomaBerlin-Frankfurt-Milan-90 protocol plus rituximab),which induced complete remission over the following two years.At the age of 5 years,the patient first developed headache,vomiting,and then intellectual and motorial retrogression.His condition was not improved after anti-infection,dehydration,or dexamethasone therapy.No tumor cells were found in his cerebrospinal fluid.Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple non-homogeneous,hypodense masses along the bilateral cortex.Pathology after biopsy revealed hyperplasia of neurogliocytes and vessels,accompanied by lymphocyte infiltration but no tumor cell infiltration.Despite aggressive treatment,his cognition and motor functions deteriorated in response to progressive cerebral changes.The patient is presently in a vegetative state.We present this case to inform clinicians of association between lymphoma and immunodeficiency and explore an optimal treatment for lymphoma patients with compromised immune system.展开更多
In vitro amplified human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-haploidentical donor immune cell infusion(HDICI)is not commonly used in children.Therefore,our study sought to evaluate its safety for treating childhood malignancies.Be...In vitro amplified human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-haploidentical donor immune cell infusion(HDICI)is not commonly used in children.Therefore,our study sought to evaluate its safety for treating childhood malignancies.Between September 2011 and September 2012,12 patients with childhood malignancies underwent HDICI in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.The median patient age was 5.1 years(range,1.7-8.4 years).Of the 12 patients,9 had high-risk neuroblastoma(NB)[7 showed complete response(CR),1 showed partial response(PR),and 1 had progressive disease(PD)after multi-modal therapies],and 3 had Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-positive lymphoproliferative disease(EBV-LPD).The 12 patients underwent a total of 92 HDICIs at a mean dose of 1.6×108immune cells/kg body weight:71 infusions with natural killer(NK)cells,8 with cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells,and 13 with cascade primed immune cells(CAPRIs);83 infusions with immune cells from the mothers,whereas 9 with cells from the fathers.Twenty cases(21.7%)of fever,including 6 cases(6.5%)accompanied with chills and 1(1.1%)with febrile convulsion,occurred during infusions and were alleviated after symptomatic treatments.Five cases(5.4%)of mild emotion changes were reported.No other adverse events occurred during and after the completion of HDIDIs.Neither acute nor chronic graft versus host disease(GVHD)was observed following HDICIs.After a median of 5.0 months(range,1.0-11.5 months)of follow-up,the 2 NB patients with PR and PD developed PD during HDICIs.Of the other 7 NB patients in CR,2 relapsed in the sixth month of HDICIs,and 5 maintained CR with disease-free survival(DFS)ranging from 4.5 to 11.5 months(median,7.2months).One EBV-LPD patient achieved PR,whereas 2 had stable disease(SD).Our results show that HDICI is a safe immunotherapy for childhood malignancies,thus warranting further studies.展开更多
A novel experimental procedure was proposed to investigate the phase behavior of a solvent mixture(SM)(64 mol%CH4,8 mol%CO2,and 28 mol%C3 H8)with heavy oil.Then,a theoretical methodology was employed to estimate the p...A novel experimental procedure was proposed to investigate the phase behavior of a solvent mixture(SM)(64 mol%CH4,8 mol%CO2,and 28 mol%C3 H8)with heavy oil.Then,a theoretical methodology was employed to estimate the phase behavior of the heavy oil-solvent mixture(HO-SM)systems with various mole fractions of SM.The experimental results show that as the mole fraction of SM increases,the saturation pressures and swelling factors of the HO-SM systems considerably increase,and the viscosities and densities of the HO-SM systems decrease.The heavy oil is upgraded in situ via asphaltene precipitation and SM dissolution.Therefore,the solvent-enriched oil phase at the top layer of reservoirs can easily be produced from the reservoir.The aforementioned results indicate that the SM has promising application potential for enhanced heavy oil recovery via solvent-based processes.The theoretical methodology can accurately predict the saturation pressures,swelling factors,and densities of HO-SM systems with various mole fractions of SM,with average error percentages of1.77%for saturation pressures,0.07%for swelling factors,and 0.07%for densities.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-34a in bladder cancer cells and its effect on cell proliferation and migration.Methods:Bladder cancer cell lines were purchased from the ATCC cell bank and randomly divid...Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-34a in bladder cancer cells and its effect on cell proliferation and migration.Methods:Bladder cancer cell lines were purchased from the ATCC cell bank and randomly divided into three groups.The first group,miR-34a group:transfected miR-34a mimics by transfection method In the bladder cancer cells;the second group,bladder cancer group(BC group):the simple bladder cancer cell line was not treated with other treatment,normal culture;the third group,the inhibition group(IN group):transfected miR-34a inhibitor into bladder cancer cell lines.TUNEL assay,CCK-8 assay,cloning assay and Transwell assay were used to analyze the differences in apoptosis,proliferation,migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells in the three groups to explore the expression of mir-34a in bladder cancer cells and its influence on cell proliferation.Results:The results showed that the expression of miR-34a mRNA was the lowest in the IN group,and the miR-34a mRNA was the highest in the miR-34a group.Compared with the BC group and the mir-34a group,the content of mir-34a mRNA in the IN group decreased,indicating successful transfection(all P<0.05).The number of cancer cells in the IN group was the least,and the cells in the miR-34a group were apoptotic.The expression of cancer cells in the IN group was significantly thinner than that in the BC group and the miR-34a group(P<0.05).The OD values between the IN group and the miR-34a group were significantly different.The proliferation of cancer cells in the IN group was the highest,the proliferation of the cancer cells in the miR-34a group was the least,and the IN group was significantly higher than the BC group.The growth of cancer cells in the group was significantly higher than that in the miR-34a group(both P<0.05).Clonal migration experiments were performed on three groups of cancer cells.It was obvious from the results that the migration ability of the cancer cells in the IN group was strong,and the number of cells under the microscope was large(P<0.05).The overall migration ability of the IN group was significantly enhanced compared with the BC group and the miR-34a group,and the number of cancer cells was significantly increased(P<0.05).It was obvious that the invasive ability of bladder cancer cells in the IN group was strong.The number of bladder cancer cells in the miR-34a group was small and the invasive ability was weak(P<0.05).Compared with the BC group and miR-34a group,the bladder cancer cell number of the IN group was significantly increased and the overall invasion ability was enhanced(P<0.05).Conclusion:In bladder cancer cells,overexpressed miR-34a can inhibit the growth of cancer cells,while reducing the level of miR-34a can promote the proliferation of bladder cancer cells.展开更多
L-glutamic acid(LA)is a bio-based,non-toxic,environmentally friendly material derived from biomass.The present study reports the application of Passerini three-component polymerization(P-3CP)for the straightforward pr...L-glutamic acid(LA)is a bio-based,non-toxic,environmentally friendly material derived from biomass.The present study reports the application of Passerini three-component polymerization(P-3CP)for the straightforward preparation of LA-based light-responsive polyesters(PLTDs)under mild conditions.PLTDs with molar masses up to 8500 g/mol and high yields exceeding 90%are obtained.The chemical structures and light-responsive self-immolative behavior of PLTDs are comprehensively characterized by employing ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)spectroscopy,size exclusion chromatography(SEC),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Meanwhile,monodisperse PLTD-based doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles(PLTD-DOX-NP)(size=193 nm,PDI=0.018)are formulated by nanoprecipitation method.Upon light-induced depolymerization,the PLTD-DOX-NP undergoes rapid decomposition,resulting in a burst release of 80%cargo within 13 s.Furthermore,according to biological toxicity tests,the PLTD-NP possesses adequate biosafety,both before and after irradiation.Overall,the incorporation of P-3CP with biorenewable LA-based monomer adheres to the principles of green chemistry,significantly simplifying the synthetic pathway of light-responsive polymers.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of brusatol,a nigakilactone extracted from Brucea javanica,on lung cancer for development of therapeutic drugs.We explored the effects of br...Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of brusatol,a nigakilactone extracted from Brucea javanica,on lung cancer for development of therapeutic drugs.We explored the effects of brusatol on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of lung cancer PC-9 cells in vitro and analyzed the mechanisms involved.Materials and Methods:MTT assay was used to determine the effect of brusatol on the proliferative capacity of PC-9 and H1975 cells in vitro.The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC_(50))were calculated and used as a reference for subsequent experiments.Variations in the number and size of tumor cell clusters were monitored by the colony formation assay as evidence for the effect of brusatol on cell proliferation.The effect of brusatol on the migration and invasion of PC-9 cells was evaluated using wound healing and transwell assays,respectively.Apoptosis in lung cancer cells was detected using the Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide assay.The correlated anticancer mechanism was detected using Western blotting.Results:The IC_(50)values of brusatol acting on PC-9 and H1975 cells were 1.58±0.30μM and 31.34±2.72μM,respectively,according to the MTT experiment.In addition,brusatol suppressed PC-9 cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,as well as induced apoptosis,which may be related to the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),β-catenin,Akt,and STAT3 expression.Conclusions:Brusatol showed potent anticancer activity against lung cancer PC-9 cells,inhibiting the proliferative capacity and metastatic potential of PC-9 cells.Its anticancer effect may be related to the downregulation of EGFR,β-catenin,Akt,and STAT3.展开更多
文摘目的分析血糖信息化管理系统对糖尿病患者的疗效及自我管理能力的影响。方法实施全院血糖管理前,随机选取2016年1月-2016年6月在郑州人民医院治疗的112例2型糖尿病患者为对照组;实施全院血糖管理后,选取2016年7月-2016年12月该院收治的112例手术患者为观察组。对照组患者采用传统床旁血糖仪及血糖管理模式;观察组患者采用全信息化血糖管理模式。对比患者的自我管理能力的改变,检测患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)等指标进行比较。结果观察组对血糖相关知识的知晓率、血糖达标率及糖化血红蛋白达标率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的自测血糖率、适当运动率、合理饮食率及规范用药率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的FPG、2 h PG、TC、TG及Hb AIc低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论医院实施全院血糖信息化管理后,方便医护人员获取患者信息,纠正患者不良生活习惯,有效改善患者的血糖指标,提高患者对医院服务的满意度。
基金Supported by Grants for Scientific Research Innovation Project of Shanghai Education Committee,China,No.13yz040
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of T helper(Th)17/T regulatory(Treg)cells on hepatic fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride.Hepatic pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining;the protein levels of interleukin(IL)-6,transforming growth factor(TGF)-βandα-smooth muscle actin(SMA)in liver tissue were determined by Western blotting;and the frequency of Th17 and Treg cells in the liver was estimated by flow cytometry.In addition,hepatic stellate cells were isolated from healthy mouse liver and co-cultured with Th17 or Treg cells.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were performed to determine the change in HSC activation.RESULTS:In the model group,there were different degrees of fibroplasia,degeneration and necrosis.The protein levels of IL-6,TGF-βandα-SMA in liver tissue were significantly higher than those in the control group at 12 wk(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the frequency of Th17 cells in the model group was increased but the frequency of Treg cells decreased gradually.Furthermore,at 4,8 and 12 wk,there were significant differences in the number of Th17 cells(0.52%±0.16%,1.46%±0.24%,and2.60%±0.41%,respectively,P<0.05)and Treg cells(2.99%±0.40%,2.16%±0.50%,and 1.49%±0.34%,respectively,P<0.05).In vitro,Th17 cells promoted,whereas Treg cells inhibited the expression ofα-SMA,both in a dose-dependent manner,compared with the control group.CONCLUSION:Th17/Treg imbalance exists in mice with liver fibrosis,which potentially promotes liver fibrosis via HSC activation.
文摘Introduction: Brain metastasis is common in relapsed neuroblastoma patients, but the characteristics of brain metastasis remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the status of brain metastasis with neuroblastoma in South China.Methods: In this retrospective case?based study, 106 patients with stage 4 neuroblastoma from the Department of Pediatric Oncology in Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center between January 2004 and May 2013 were included. The incidence, risk factors, and survival status of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.Results: Of the 106 patients, 11(10.4%) developed brain metastasis, accounting for 20.0% of 55 patients with relapse or progression. The age at initial diagnosis of the 11 patients ranged from 2 to 10 years(median 4 years), which was younger than that of the patients without brain metastasis(median 5 years, range 1–10 years, P = 0.073). The male to female ratio of the 11 patients was 8:3, which was not signiicantly diferent from that of the patients with?out brain metastasis(P = 0.86). Patients with brain metastasis had higher lactate dehydrogenase levels than those without brain metastasis, but the diferences were not signiicant(P initial diagnosis to the develo= 0.076). Eight patients died, and 3 patients survived. The median interval from thepment of brain metastasis was 18 months(range 6–32 months). The median survival was 4 months(range 1 day to 29 months) after the diagnosis of brain metastasis. The median interval from the manifestation of brain metastasis to death was 3 months(range 1 day to 11 months).Conclusions: High?risk factors for brain metastasis in cases of neuroblastoma include bone marrow involvement and a younger age at initial diagnosis. Nevertheless, multiple treatment modalities can improve disease?free survival.
文摘For children with stage II testicular malignant germ cell tumors(MGCT), the survival is good with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there is limited data on surgical results for cases in which there was no imaging or pathologic evidence of residual tumor, but in which serum tumor markers either increased or failed to normalize after an appropriate period of half-life time post-surgery. To determine the use of chemotherapy for children with stage II germ cell tumors, we analyzed the outcomes(relapse rate and overall survival) of patients who were treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1990 and May 2013. Twenty-four pediatric patients with a median age of 20 months(range, 4 months to 17 years) were enrolled in this study. In 20 cases(83.3%), the tumors had yolk sac histology. For definitive treatment, 21 patients underwent surgery alone, and 3 patients received surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. No relapse was observed in the 3 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas relapse occurred in 16 of the 21 patients(76.2%) treated with surgery alone. There were a total of 2 deaths. Treatment was stopped for 1 patient, who died 3 months later due to the tumor. The other patient achieved complete response after salvage treatment, but developed lung and pelvic metastases 7 months later and died of the tumor after stopping treatment. For children treated with surgery alone and surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy, the 3-year event-free survival rates were 23.8% and 100%, respectively(P = 0.042), and the 3-year overall survival rates were 90.5% and 100%, respectively(P = 0.588). These results suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy can help to reduce the recurrence rate and increase the survival rate for patients with stage II germ cell tumors.
文摘Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors(CNS-GCTs) in children and adolescents have unique clinical features and methods of treatment compared with those in adults. There is little information about Chinese children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs. Therefore, in this study we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and treatment outcome of Chinese children and adolescents with primary CNS-GCTs. Between January 2002 and December 2012, 57 untreated patients from a single institution were enrolled. They were diagnosed with CNS-GCTs after pathologic or clinical assessment. Of the 57 patients, 41 were males and 16 were females, with a median age of 12.8 years(range, 2.7 to 18.0 years) at diagnosis; 43(75.4%) had non-germinomatous germ cell tumors(NGGCTs) and 14(24.6%) had germinomas; 44(77.2%) had localized disease and 13(22.8%) had extensive lesions. Fifty-three patients completed the prescribed treatment, of which 18 underwent monotherapy of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, and 35 underwent multimodality therapies that included radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy or surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. PEB(cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin) protocol was the major chemotherapy regimen. The median follow-up time was 32.3 months(range, 1.2 to 139 months). Fourteen patients died of relapse or disease progression. The 3-year event-free survival(EFS) and overall survival rates for all patients were 72.2% and 73.8%, respectively. The 3-year EFS was 92.9% for germinomas and 64.8% for NGGCTs(P = 0.064). The 3-year EFS rates for patients with NGGCTs who underwent monotherapy and multimodality therapies were 50.6% and 73.5%, respectively(P = 0.042). Our results indicate that multimodality therapies including chemotherapy plus radiotherapy were better treatment option for children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs.
文摘Pediatric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a highly aggressive disease with unique clinical characteristics.This study analyzed the germinal-center type B-cell(GCB)classification and clinical characteristics of Chinese pediatric DLBCL.A total of 76 patients with DLBCL newly diagnosed in Sun Yatsen University Cancer Center between February 2000 and May 2011,with an age younger than 18 years,were included in the analysis.The male/female ratio was 3.47:1.The median age was 12 years(range,2 to 18 years),and 47(61.8%)patients were at least 10 years old.Of the 76 patients,48(63.2%)had stage III/IV disease,9(11.8%)had bone marrow involvement,1(1.3%)had central nervous system(CNS)involvement,and 5(6.6%)had bone involvement.The GCB classification was assessed in 45 patients:26(57.8%)were classified as GCB subtype,and 19(42.2%)were classified as non-GCB subtype.The modified B-NHL-BFM-90/95 regimen was administered to 50 patients,and the 4-year event-free survival(EFS)rate was 85.8%.Among these 50 patients,31 were assessed for the GCB classification:17(54.8%)were classified as GCB subtype,with a 4-year EFS rate of 88.2%;14(45.2%)were classified as non-GCB subtype,with a 4-year EFS rate of 92.9%.Our data indicate that bone marrow involvement and stage III/IV disease are common in Chinese pediatric DLBCL patients,whereas the percentage of patients with the GCB subtype is similar to that of patients with the non-GCB subtype.The modified B-NHL-BFM-90/95protocol is an active and effective treatment protocol for Chinese pediatric patients with DLBCL.
基金financial support from the Major Subject of National Science and Technology (2011ZX05032-001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NO.11CX06022A)
文摘The diffusion coefficient of natural gas in foamy oil is one of the key parameters to evaluate the feasibility of gas injection for enhanced oil recovery in foamy oil reservoirs.In this paper,a PVT cell was used to measure diffusion coefficients of natural gas in Venezuela foamy oil at high pressures,and a new method for determining the diffusion coefficient in the foamy oil was developed on the basis of experimental data.The effects of pressure and the types of the liquid phase on the diffusion coefficient of the natural gas were discussed.The results indicate that the diffusion coefficients of natural gas in foamy oil,saturated oil,and dead oil increase linearly with increasing pressure.The diffusion coefficient of natural gas in the foamy oil at 20 MPa was 2.93 times larger than that at 8.65 MPa.The diffusion coefficient of the natural gas in dead oil was 3.02 and 4.02 times than that of the natural gas in saturated oil and foamy oil when the pressure was20 MPa.However,the gas content of foamy oil was 16.9times higher than that of dead oil when the dissolution time and pressure were 20 MPa and 35.22 h,respectively.
文摘Lymphoma is seen in up to 30%of patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease(XLP),but cerebral vasculitis related with XLP after cure of Burkitt lymphoma is rarely reported.We describe a case of a 5-year-old boy with XLP who developed cerebral vasculitis two years after cure of Burkitt lymphoma.He had Burkitt lymphoma at the age of 3 years and received chemotherapy(non-Hodgkin’s lymphomaBerlin-Frankfurt-Milan-90 protocol plus rituximab),which induced complete remission over the following two years.At the age of 5 years,the patient first developed headache,vomiting,and then intellectual and motorial retrogression.His condition was not improved after anti-infection,dehydration,or dexamethasone therapy.No tumor cells were found in his cerebrospinal fluid.Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple non-homogeneous,hypodense masses along the bilateral cortex.Pathology after biopsy revealed hyperplasia of neurogliocytes and vessels,accompanied by lymphocyte infiltration but no tumor cell infiltration.Despite aggressive treatment,his cognition and motor functions deteriorated in response to progressive cerebral changes.The patient is presently in a vegetative state.We present this case to inform clinicians of association between lymphoma and immunodeficiency and explore an optimal treatment for lymphoma patients with compromised immune system.
文摘In vitro amplified human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-haploidentical donor immune cell infusion(HDICI)is not commonly used in children.Therefore,our study sought to evaluate its safety for treating childhood malignancies.Between September 2011 and September 2012,12 patients with childhood malignancies underwent HDICI in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.The median patient age was 5.1 years(range,1.7-8.4 years).Of the 12 patients,9 had high-risk neuroblastoma(NB)[7 showed complete response(CR),1 showed partial response(PR),and 1 had progressive disease(PD)after multi-modal therapies],and 3 had Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-positive lymphoproliferative disease(EBV-LPD).The 12 patients underwent a total of 92 HDICIs at a mean dose of 1.6×108immune cells/kg body weight:71 infusions with natural killer(NK)cells,8 with cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells,and 13 with cascade primed immune cells(CAPRIs);83 infusions with immune cells from the mothers,whereas 9 with cells from the fathers.Twenty cases(21.7%)of fever,including 6 cases(6.5%)accompanied with chills and 1(1.1%)with febrile convulsion,occurred during infusions and were alleviated after symptomatic treatments.Five cases(5.4%)of mild emotion changes were reported.No other adverse events occurred during and after the completion of HDIDIs.Neither acute nor chronic graft versus host disease(GVHD)was observed following HDICIs.After a median of 5.0 months(range,1.0-11.5 months)of follow-up,the 2 NB patients with PR and PD developed PD during HDICIs.Of the other 7 NB patients in CR,2 relapsed in the sixth month of HDICIs,and 5 maintained CR with disease-free survival(DFS)ranging from 4.5 to 11.5 months(median,7.2months).One EBV-LPD patient achieved PR,whereas 2 had stable disease(SD).Our results show that HDICI is a safe immunotherapy for childhood malignancies,thus warranting further studies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51604293)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.ZR2016EEB30)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.17CX02009A)the Qingdao Applied Basic Research Program(Source Innovation)(No.17-1-1-32-jch)the Scientific Research Foundation of China University of Petroleum for Talent Introduction(No.YJ201601093)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05031-002)。
文摘A novel experimental procedure was proposed to investigate the phase behavior of a solvent mixture(SM)(64 mol%CH4,8 mol%CO2,and 28 mol%C3 H8)with heavy oil.Then,a theoretical methodology was employed to estimate the phase behavior of the heavy oil-solvent mixture(HO-SM)systems with various mole fractions of SM.The experimental results show that as the mole fraction of SM increases,the saturation pressures and swelling factors of the HO-SM systems considerably increase,and the viscosities and densities of the HO-SM systems decrease.The heavy oil is upgraded in situ via asphaltene precipitation and SM dissolution.Therefore,the solvent-enriched oil phase at the top layer of reservoirs can easily be produced from the reservoir.The aforementioned results indicate that the SM has promising application potential for enhanced heavy oil recovery via solvent-based processes.The theoretical methodology can accurately predict the saturation pressures,swelling factors,and densities of HO-SM systems with various mole fractions of SM,with average error percentages of1.77%for saturation pressures,0.07%for swelling factors,and 0.07%for densities.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Fund for Youth(Grant No.81602221).
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-34a in bladder cancer cells and its effect on cell proliferation and migration.Methods:Bladder cancer cell lines were purchased from the ATCC cell bank and randomly divided into three groups.The first group,miR-34a group:transfected miR-34a mimics by transfection method In the bladder cancer cells;the second group,bladder cancer group(BC group):the simple bladder cancer cell line was not treated with other treatment,normal culture;the third group,the inhibition group(IN group):transfected miR-34a inhibitor into bladder cancer cell lines.TUNEL assay,CCK-8 assay,cloning assay and Transwell assay were used to analyze the differences in apoptosis,proliferation,migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells in the three groups to explore the expression of mir-34a in bladder cancer cells and its influence on cell proliferation.Results:The results showed that the expression of miR-34a mRNA was the lowest in the IN group,and the miR-34a mRNA was the highest in the miR-34a group.Compared with the BC group and the mir-34a group,the content of mir-34a mRNA in the IN group decreased,indicating successful transfection(all P<0.05).The number of cancer cells in the IN group was the least,and the cells in the miR-34a group were apoptotic.The expression of cancer cells in the IN group was significantly thinner than that in the BC group and the miR-34a group(P<0.05).The OD values between the IN group and the miR-34a group were significantly different.The proliferation of cancer cells in the IN group was the highest,the proliferation of the cancer cells in the miR-34a group was the least,and the IN group was significantly higher than the BC group.The growth of cancer cells in the group was significantly higher than that in the miR-34a group(both P<0.05).Clonal migration experiments were performed on three groups of cancer cells.It was obvious from the results that the migration ability of the cancer cells in the IN group was strong,and the number of cells under the microscope was large(P<0.05).The overall migration ability of the IN group was significantly enhanced compared with the BC group and the miR-34a group,and the number of cancer cells was significantly increased(P<0.05).It was obvious that the invasive ability of bladder cancer cells in the IN group was strong.The number of bladder cancer cells in the miR-34a group was small and the invasive ability was weak(P<0.05).Compared with the BC group and miR-34a group,the bladder cancer cell number of the IN group was significantly increased and the overall invasion ability was enhanced(P<0.05).Conclusion:In bladder cancer cells,overexpressed miR-34a can inhibit the growth of cancer cells,while reducing the level of miR-34a can promote the proliferation of bladder cancer cells.
基金This work was financially supported by the International Science and Technology Assistance Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.KY202001016)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Magnitude Fundamental Research,China(No.ZR2022ZD11)Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(No.QNESL OP202312).
文摘L-glutamic acid(LA)is a bio-based,non-toxic,environmentally friendly material derived from biomass.The present study reports the application of Passerini three-component polymerization(P-3CP)for the straightforward preparation of LA-based light-responsive polyesters(PLTDs)under mild conditions.PLTDs with molar masses up to 8500 g/mol and high yields exceeding 90%are obtained.The chemical structures and light-responsive self-immolative behavior of PLTDs are comprehensively characterized by employing ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)spectroscopy,size exclusion chromatography(SEC),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Meanwhile,monodisperse PLTD-based doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles(PLTD-DOX-NP)(size=193 nm,PDI=0.018)are formulated by nanoprecipitation method.Upon light-induced depolymerization,the PLTD-DOX-NP undergoes rapid decomposition,resulting in a burst release of 80%cargo within 13 s.Furthermore,according to biological toxicity tests,the PLTD-NP possesses adequate biosafety,both before and after irradiation.Overall,the incorporation of P-3CP with biorenewable LA-based monomer adheres to the principles of green chemistry,significantly simplifying the synthetic pathway of light-responsive polymers.
基金the National Key R and D Program of China(2021YFE0202000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81773888)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515010605)the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’Scientific and Technological Innovation(pdjh2020b0483)。
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of brusatol,a nigakilactone extracted from Brucea javanica,on lung cancer for development of therapeutic drugs.We explored the effects of brusatol on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of lung cancer PC-9 cells in vitro and analyzed the mechanisms involved.Materials and Methods:MTT assay was used to determine the effect of brusatol on the proliferative capacity of PC-9 and H1975 cells in vitro.The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC_(50))were calculated and used as a reference for subsequent experiments.Variations in the number and size of tumor cell clusters were monitored by the colony formation assay as evidence for the effect of brusatol on cell proliferation.The effect of brusatol on the migration and invasion of PC-9 cells was evaluated using wound healing and transwell assays,respectively.Apoptosis in lung cancer cells was detected using the Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide assay.The correlated anticancer mechanism was detected using Western blotting.Results:The IC_(50)values of brusatol acting on PC-9 and H1975 cells were 1.58±0.30μM and 31.34±2.72μM,respectively,according to the MTT experiment.In addition,brusatol suppressed PC-9 cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,as well as induced apoptosis,which may be related to the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),β-catenin,Akt,and STAT3 expression.Conclusions:Brusatol showed potent anticancer activity against lung cancer PC-9 cells,inhibiting the proliferative capacity and metastatic potential of PC-9 cells.Its anticancer effect may be related to the downregulation of EGFR,β-catenin,Akt,and STAT3.
