Neurogenic bladder is a dysfunction of the lower urinary tract caused by nervous system disor- der. We investigated the trends in publication of articles under the topic ＂neurogenic bladder＂ using bibliometric analy...Neurogenic bladder is a dysfunction of the lower urinary tract caused by nervous system disor- der. We investigated the trends in publication of articles under the topic ＂neurogenic bladder＂ using bibliometric analysis. Articles on neurogenic bladder, published between 1995 and 2014, were retrieved from the ISI Web of Science citation database. We analyzed the search results for authors, countries, institutions, journals, and top-cited papers. A total of 1,904 articles were re- trieved. There was a small increase in the number of articles on neurogenic bladder from 1995 （n = 43） to 2014 （n = 117）. The USA was the leading country in the total number of articles （n = 598）. However, the number of publications from China has rapidly increased, and China was ranked second in 2014. Emmanuel Chartier-Kastler （n = 65） was the most productive author, and University of Paris VI （Paris 6） （n = 61） was the most productive institution. The Journal of Urology published the greatest number of artides on this topic （n = 285）. Articles on neurogenic bladder were often published in a professional journal under the category Urology ＆ Nephrology, Neurosciences ＆ Neurology, or Rehabilitation. Visualization analysis based on co-citation networks was conducted using CiteSpace III. Visualization analysis revealed that the hot spots in neurogenic bladder were botulinum toxin-A, prazosin, bethanechol, and afferent pathways. These findings provide new insight into the publication trends and hot spots in neurogenic bladder.展开更多
Background: Hyperglycemia is always seen amongst acute intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and usually has been reported in literature and studied in relation to mortality and poor recovery. However, literature specific t...Background: Hyperglycemia is always seen amongst acute intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and usually has been reported in literature and studied in relation to mortality and poor recovery. However, literature specific to stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) on this topic is very small. Further, how to differentiate the predictive value of hyperglycemia with and without abnormal HbA1C in such patients is still a matter of debate and no universal consensus. We evaluated hyperglycemia as a marker for SAP in patients with ICH to assess its usefulness as a potential predictor. Materials and methods: Clinical characteristics for a sample of 551 patients with acute ICH were collected from the Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Possible associated risk factors of SAP were reviewed. Hyperglycemia and HbA1C on admission were the main hypothetic predictor, SAP occurring within the first 7 days is the primary outcome. Results: The cohort study includes 551 hospitalized patients. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 52.5% and SAP occurred in 147 (26.7%). The incidence of SAP was higher in the group with hyperglycemia than those without hyperglycemia (37.7% versus 14.5%, p 6.5) (OR, 1.57;95%CI, 0.81 - 3.23) had not been shown to be associated with SAP. Conclusions: In this hospital-based cohort of patients presenting with acute intra-hemorrhage, hyperglycemia on admission was associated significantly with SAP. The association was stronger for hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C than for hyperglycemia with high HgbA1C. Hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C might be a more sensitive predictor of early acute complication, such as SAP.展开更多
Background:Acupuncture has been proven to improve the pregnancy rate in infertile women.Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility.So far,there are no studies of the efficacy of acupuncture on endometriosis-associ...Background:Acupuncture has been proven to improve the pregnancy rate in infertile women.Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility.So far,there are no studies of the efficacy of acupuncture on endometriosis-associated infertility(EAI).Therefore,we will conduct a randomized controlled trial(RCT)to investigate whether acupuncture could have higher pregnancy rates in patients with EAI compared with sham acupuncture.The study protocol is reported in this paper.Methods/design:The current trial is a multicenter randomized controlled study undergoing in Shanghai,China.About 224 eligible patients with EAI will be randomly assigned into the acupuncture group and the sham acupuncture group in a 1:1 ratio.In the acupuncture group,patients will be treated with acupuncture on Guanyuan(CV4),Zhongji(CV3),Zigong(EX-CA1),Xuehai(SP10),Zusanli(ST36),Sanyinjiao(SP6),and Taichong(LR3),twice a week,for 3 menstrual cycles,and 12 menstrual cycles will be followed up.The Park sham device will be used to perform non-transdermal acupuncture in the sham acupuncture group.The operation points will be located at 1.5 cm away beside these acupoints in the acupuncture group.The intervention period is the same as that in the acupuncture group.The primary outcome will be pregnancy rate.Secondary outcomes will include ultrasound results,cancer antigen 125(CA125),antiMullerian hormone(AMH),sex hormones,and the Endometriosis Health Profile-5(EHP-5).Outcomes will be collected at baseline,the end of treatment,and follow-up visits at 3,6,and 12 menstrual cycles.All data,including major adverse events,will be recorded in electronic case report forms and analyzed using SPSS V.25.0.Discussion:This study will help to evaluate whether acupuncture is effective in increasing the pregnancy rate of infertile women with endometriosis.展开更多
Background Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5...Background Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years,representing a major global healthcare burden.There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life.A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology,infectious diseases,respiratory medicine,and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in children.Data sources The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library,using variations in terms for"respiratory syncytial virus","RSV","lower respiratory tract infection","bronchiolitis","acute","viral pneumonia","neonatal","infant""children",and"pediatric".Results Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis,treatment,and prevention were proposed with a high degree of consensus.Although supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections,new monoclonal antibodies,vaccines,drug therapies,and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled out.Conclusions This consensus,based on international and national scientific evidence,reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections.Further improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.展开更多
Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children an...Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children and adolescents.The infection occurs endemically with an epidemic peak every few years.The worldwide incidence confirmed by direct test methods was reported to be 8.61%between 2017 and 2020 across all age groups[1].展开更多
Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)is a significant contributor to community-acquired pneumonia among children.Since 1968,when a strain of M.pneumoniae resistant to macrolide antibiotics was initially repor...Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)is a significant contributor to community-acquired pneumonia among children.Since 1968,when a strain of M.pneumoniae resistant to macrolide antibiotics was initially reported in Japan,macrolide-resistant M.pneumoniae(MRMP)has been documented in many countries worldwide,with varying incidence rates.MRMP infections lead to a poor response to macrolide antibiotics,frequently resulting in prolonged fever,extended antibiotic treatment,increased hospitalization,intensive care unit admissions,and a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving glucocorticoids or second-line antibiotics.Since 2000,the global incidence of MRMP has gradually increased,especially in East Asia,which has posed a serious challenge to the treatment of M.pneumoniae infections in children and attracted widespread attention from pediatricians.However,there is still no global consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of MRMP in children.Methods We organized 29 Chinese experts majoring in pediatric pulmonology and epidemiology to write the world’s first consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric MRMP pneumonia,based on evidence collection.The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,Medline,and the Cochrane Library.We used variations in terms for“macrolide-resistant”,“Mycoplasma pneumoniae”,“MP”,“M.pneumoniae”,“pneumonia”,“MRMP”,“lower respiratory tract infection”,“Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection”,“children”,and“pediatric”.Results Epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,early identification,laboratory examination,principles of antibiotic use,application of glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin,and precautions for bronchoscopy are highlighted.Early and rapid identification of gene mutations associated with MRMP is now available by polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probe techniques in respiratory specimens.Although the resistance rate to macrolide remains high,it is fortunate that M.pneumoniae still maintains good in vitro sensitivity to second-line antibiotics such as tetracyclines and quinolones,making them an effective treatment option for patients with initial treatment failure caused by macrolide antibiotics.Conclusions This consensus,based on international and national scientific evidence,provides scientific guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of MRMP in children.Further studies on tetracycline and quinolone drugs in children are urgently needed to evaluate their effects on the growth and development.Additionally,developing an antibiotic rotation treatment strategy is necessary to reduce the prevalence of MRMP strains.展开更多
Background Children as a population have high antimicrobial prescribing rates which may lead to high resistance of bacteria according to data from some single-center surveys of antibiotic prescribing rates in China. T...Background Children as a population have high antimicrobial prescribing rates which may lead to high resistance of bacteria according to data from some single-center surveys of antibiotic prescribing rates in China. The acquirement of baseline data of antibiotic prescribing is the basis of developing intervention strategies on inappropriate antimicrobial prescriptions. Few studies show clearly the pattern and detailed information on classes of antibiotics and distribution of indications of antibiotic prescriptions in children in China. This study aims to assess the antibiotic prescribing patterns among children and neonates hospitalized in 18 hospitals in China. Methods A 24-hour point prevalence survey on antimicrobial prescribing was conducted in hospitalized neonates and chil-dren in China from December 1st, 2016 to February 28th, 2017. Information on the antibiotic use of patients under 18 years of age who were administered one or more on-going antibiotics in the selected wards over a 24-hour period was collected. These data were submitted to the GARPEC (Global Antimicrobial Resistance, Prescribing and Efficacy in Children and Neonates) web-based application ( https ://pidrg -datab ase.sgul.ac.uk/redca p/ ). For statistical analysis, Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS 22.0 were used. Results The antibiotic data were collected in 35 wards in 18 hospitals from 9 provinces. In total, 67.76% (975/1439) of the patients (n = 1439) were given at least one antibiotic, including 58.1% (173/298) of neonates (n = 298) and 70.3% (802/1141) of children (n = 1141). In neonates, the three most frequently prescribed antibiotics were third-generation cephalosporins (41.7%), penicillins plus enzyme inhibitor (23.8%), and carbapenems (11.2%). In children, the three most frequently pre-scribed antibiotics were third-generation cephalosporins (35.5%), macrolides (23.2%), and penicillins plus enzyme inhibi-tors (15.9%). The most common indication for antibiotics was proven or probable bacterial lower respiratory tract infection (30.9% in neonates and 66.6% in children). Conclusions Antibiotics are commonly prescribed in the Chinese children population. It is likely that the third-generation cephalosporins and macrolides are currently overused in Chinese children. Efforts must be made to ensure safe and appropri-ate antibiotic prescribing to reduce and prevent the future development of antibiotic resistance.展开更多
文摘Neurogenic bladder is a dysfunction of the lower urinary tract caused by nervous system disor- der. We investigated the trends in publication of articles under the topic ＂neurogenic bladder＂ using bibliometric analysis. Articles on neurogenic bladder, published between 1995 and 2014, were retrieved from the ISI Web of Science citation database. We analyzed the search results for authors, countries, institutions, journals, and top-cited papers. A total of 1,904 articles were re- trieved. There was a small increase in the number of articles on neurogenic bladder from 1995 （n = 43） to 2014 （n = 117）. The USA was the leading country in the total number of articles （n = 598）. However, the number of publications from China has rapidly increased, and China was ranked second in 2014. Emmanuel Chartier-Kastler （n = 65） was the most productive author, and University of Paris VI （Paris 6） （n = 61） was the most productive institution. The Journal of Urology published the greatest number of artides on this topic （n = 285）. Articles on neurogenic bladder were often published in a professional journal under the category Urology ＆ Nephrology, Neurosciences ＆ Neurology, or Rehabilitation. Visualization analysis based on co-citation networks was conducted using CiteSpace III. Visualization analysis revealed that the hot spots in neurogenic bladder were botulinum toxin-A, prazosin, bethanechol, and afferent pathways. These findings provide new insight into the publication trends and hot spots in neurogenic bladder.
文摘Background: Hyperglycemia is always seen amongst acute intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and usually has been reported in literature and studied in relation to mortality and poor recovery. However, literature specific to stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) on this topic is very small. Further, how to differentiate the predictive value of hyperglycemia with and without abnormal HbA1C in such patients is still a matter of debate and no universal consensus. We evaluated hyperglycemia as a marker for SAP in patients with ICH to assess its usefulness as a potential predictor. Materials and methods: Clinical characteristics for a sample of 551 patients with acute ICH were collected from the Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Possible associated risk factors of SAP were reviewed. Hyperglycemia and HbA1C on admission were the main hypothetic predictor, SAP occurring within the first 7 days is the primary outcome. Results: The cohort study includes 551 hospitalized patients. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 52.5% and SAP occurred in 147 (26.7%). The incidence of SAP was higher in the group with hyperglycemia than those without hyperglycemia (37.7% versus 14.5%, p 6.5) (OR, 1.57;95%CI, 0.81 - 3.23) had not been shown to be associated with SAP. Conclusions: In this hospital-based cohort of patients presenting with acute intra-hemorrhage, hyperglycemia on admission was associated significantly with SAP. The association was stronger for hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C than for hyperglycemia with high HgbA1C. Hyperglycemia with normal HgbA1C might be a more sensitive predictor of early acute complication, such as SAP.
基金Supported by Shanghai Sailing Program:22YF1444200the National Natural Science Foundation of China:81403429Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission:202240054。
文摘Background:Acupuncture has been proven to improve the pregnancy rate in infertile women.Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility.So far,there are no studies of the efficacy of acupuncture on endometriosis-associated infertility(EAI).Therefore,we will conduct a randomized controlled trial(RCT)to investigate whether acupuncture could have higher pregnancy rates in patients with EAI compared with sham acupuncture.The study protocol is reported in this paper.Methods/design:The current trial is a multicenter randomized controlled study undergoing in Shanghai,China.About 224 eligible patients with EAI will be randomly assigned into the acupuncture group and the sham acupuncture group in a 1:1 ratio.In the acupuncture group,patients will be treated with acupuncture on Guanyuan(CV4),Zhongji(CV3),Zigong(EX-CA1),Xuehai(SP10),Zusanli(ST36),Sanyinjiao(SP6),and Taichong(LR3),twice a week,for 3 menstrual cycles,and 12 menstrual cycles will be followed up.The Park sham device will be used to perform non-transdermal acupuncture in the sham acupuncture group.The operation points will be located at 1.5 cm away beside these acupoints in the acupuncture group.The intervention period is the same as that in the acupuncture group.The primary outcome will be pregnancy rate.Secondary outcomes will include ultrasound results,cancer antigen 125(CA125),antiMullerian hormone(AMH),sex hormones,and the Endometriosis Health Profile-5(EHP-5).Outcomes will be collected at baseline,the end of treatment,and follow-up visits at 3,6,and 12 menstrual cycles.All data,including major adverse events,will be recorded in electronic case report forms and analyzed using SPSS V.25.0.Discussion:This study will help to evaluate whether acupuncture is effective in increasing the pregnancy rate of infertile women with endometriosis.
文摘Background Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years,representing a major global healthcare burden.There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life.A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology,infectious diseases,respiratory medicine,and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in children.Data sources The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library,using variations in terms for"respiratory syncytial virus","RSV","lower respiratory tract infection","bronchiolitis","acute","viral pneumonia","neonatal","infant""children",and"pediatric".Results Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis,treatment,and prevention were proposed with a high degree of consensus.Although supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections,new monoclonal antibodies,vaccines,drug therapies,and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled out.Conclusions This consensus,based on international and national scientific evidence,reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections.Further improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21511104502)Shanghai Hospital Development Center(No.SHDC22022221).
文摘Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children and adolescents.The infection occurs endemically with an epidemic peak every few years.The worldwide incidence confirmed by direct test methods was reported to be 8.61%between 2017 and 2020 across all age groups[1].
基金supported by the grants from Key R&D Projects of Zhejiang Province(2023C03009 and 2024C03177).
文摘Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)is a significant contributor to community-acquired pneumonia among children.Since 1968,when a strain of M.pneumoniae resistant to macrolide antibiotics was initially reported in Japan,macrolide-resistant M.pneumoniae(MRMP)has been documented in many countries worldwide,with varying incidence rates.MRMP infections lead to a poor response to macrolide antibiotics,frequently resulting in prolonged fever,extended antibiotic treatment,increased hospitalization,intensive care unit admissions,and a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving glucocorticoids or second-line antibiotics.Since 2000,the global incidence of MRMP has gradually increased,especially in East Asia,which has posed a serious challenge to the treatment of M.pneumoniae infections in children and attracted widespread attention from pediatricians.However,there is still no global consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of MRMP in children.Methods We organized 29 Chinese experts majoring in pediatric pulmonology and epidemiology to write the world’s first consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric MRMP pneumonia,based on evidence collection.The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,Medline,and the Cochrane Library.We used variations in terms for“macrolide-resistant”,“Mycoplasma pneumoniae”,“MP”,“M.pneumoniae”,“pneumonia”,“MRMP”,“lower respiratory tract infection”,“Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection”,“children”,and“pediatric”.Results Epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,early identification,laboratory examination,principles of antibiotic use,application of glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin,and precautions for bronchoscopy are highlighted.Early and rapid identification of gene mutations associated with MRMP is now available by polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probe techniques in respiratory specimens.Although the resistance rate to macrolide remains high,it is fortunate that M.pneumoniae still maintains good in vitro sensitivity to second-line antibiotics such as tetracyclines and quinolones,making them an effective treatment option for patients with initial treatment failure caused by macrolide antibiotics.Conclusions This consensus,based on international and national scientific evidence,provides scientific guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of MRMP in children.Further studies on tetracycline and quinolone drugs in children are urgently needed to evaluate their effects on the growth and development.Additionally,developing an antibiotic rotation treatment strategy is necessary to reduce the prevalence of MRMP strains.
文摘Background Children as a population have high antimicrobial prescribing rates which may lead to high resistance of bacteria according to data from some single-center surveys of antibiotic prescribing rates in China. The acquirement of baseline data of antibiotic prescribing is the basis of developing intervention strategies on inappropriate antimicrobial prescriptions. Few studies show clearly the pattern and detailed information on classes of antibiotics and distribution of indications of antibiotic prescriptions in children in China. This study aims to assess the antibiotic prescribing patterns among children and neonates hospitalized in 18 hospitals in China. Methods A 24-hour point prevalence survey on antimicrobial prescribing was conducted in hospitalized neonates and chil-dren in China from December 1st, 2016 to February 28th, 2017. Information on the antibiotic use of patients under 18 years of age who were administered one or more on-going antibiotics in the selected wards over a 24-hour period was collected. These data were submitted to the GARPEC (Global Antimicrobial Resistance, Prescribing and Efficacy in Children and Neonates) web-based application ( https ://pidrg -datab ase.sgul.ac.uk/redca p/ ). For statistical analysis, Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS 22.0 were used. Results The antibiotic data were collected in 35 wards in 18 hospitals from 9 provinces. In total, 67.76% (975/1439) of the patients (n = 1439) were given at least one antibiotic, including 58.1% (173/298) of neonates (n = 298) and 70.3% (802/1141) of children (n = 1141). In neonates, the three most frequently prescribed antibiotics were third-generation cephalosporins (41.7%), penicillins plus enzyme inhibitor (23.8%), and carbapenems (11.2%). In children, the three most frequently pre-scribed antibiotics were third-generation cephalosporins (35.5%), macrolides (23.2%), and penicillins plus enzyme inhibi-tors (15.9%). The most common indication for antibiotics was proven or probable bacterial lower respiratory tract infection (30.9% in neonates and 66.6% in children). Conclusions Antibiotics are commonly prescribed in the Chinese children population. It is likely that the third-generation cephalosporins and macrolides are currently overused in Chinese children. Efforts must be made to ensure safe and appropri-ate antibiotic prescribing to reduce and prevent the future development of antibiotic resistance.
