Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is known to prevent methamphetamine(METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction.However,there is a lack of research with longitudi...Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is known to prevent methamphetamine(METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction.However,there is a lack of research with longitudinal design on changes in plasma BDNF levels in active METH-dependent individuals.Aims The aim of the study was to investigate changes in BDNF levels during METH self-administration in monkeys.Methods This study measured plasma BDNF levels in three male rhesus monkeys with continuous METH exposure and four male control rhesus monkeys without METH exposure.Changes in plasma BDNF levels were then assessed longitudinally during 40 sessions of METH self-administration in the three monkeys.Results Repeated METH exposure decreased plasma BDNF levels.Additionally,plasma BDNF decreased with long-term rather than short-term accumulation of METH during METH self-administration.Conclusions These findings may indicate that the changes in peripheral BDNF may reflect the quantity of accumulative METH intake during a frequent drug use period.展开更多
The spherical indentation test has been successfully applied to inversely derive the tensile properties of small regions in a non-destructive way.Current inverse methods mainly rely on extensive iterative calculations...The spherical indentation test has been successfully applied to inversely derive the tensile properties of small regions in a non-destructive way.Current inverse methods mainly rely on extensive iterative calculations,which yield a considerable computational costs.In this paper,a database method is proposed to determine tensile flow properties from a single indentation force-depth curves to avoid iterative simulations.Firstly,a database that contain numerous indentation force-depth curves is established by inputting varied Ludwic material parameters into the indentation finite elements model.Secondly,for a given experimental indentation curve,a mean square error(MSE)is designated to evaluate the deviation between the experimental curve and each curve in the database.Finally,the true stresses at a series of plastic strain can be acquired by analyzing these deviations.To validate this new method,three different steels,i.e.A508,2.25Cr1 Mo and 316L are selected.Both simulated indentation curves and experimental indentation curves are used as inputs of the database to inversely acquire the flow properties.The result indicates that the pro-posed approach provides impressive accuracy when simulated indentation curves are used,but is less accurate when experimental curves are used.This new method can derive tensile properties in a much higher efficiency compared with traditional inverse method and are therefore more adaptive to engineering application.展开更多
Covalent/metal organic frameworks are highly attractive due to their tunable structure and properties,and broad applications in multiple fields.However,they still suffer from numbers of drawbacks including low solubil...Covalent/metal organic frameworks are highly attractive due to their tunable structure and properties,and broad applications in multiple fields.However,they still suffer from numbers of drawbacks including low solubility,harsh synthesis and fabrication,and low mechanical flexibility.Herein,we report a new organic framework consisting of macrocycles and organic frames in its periodic structure,and denote it as macrocycle organic polymer(MOP).The size-tunable macrocycles containing peripheral furan units are synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization,which undergo a reversible Diels-Alde reaction with bismaleimide to generate/degrade MOPs at given temperatures.Relying on above features,MOPs exhibit excellent flexibility,healable ability and recycle ability.Interestingly,owing to the“living”nature of anionic ring-opening polymerization,MOPs can self-grow into bigger sizes in the presence of monomer and catalysis,analogs to the living creatures.Moreover,their high porosity and rich thioether structure enable them as good metal ion absorbers and promising applications in wearable electronics.展开更多
Cellulose,lignin and lignocellulose are important bioresources in the nature.Their effective and environmentally friendly utilization not only reduces dependence on fossil resources but also protects the environment.R...Cellulose,lignin and lignocellulose are important bioresources in the nature.Their effective and environmentally friendly utilization not only reduces dependence on fossil resources but also protects the environment.Recently,a class of novel eco-friendly solvents,ionic liquids,is employed to dissolve and process these bioresources.In this mini-review,we summarized the recent advances of processing and valorization of cellulose,lignin and lignocellulose in ionic liquids.It is expected that this up-to-date survey provides a comprehensive information of this field,and accelerates the development and utilization of the renewable plant biomass resources.展开更多
Chaotic Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis(BOCDA)has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated with the advantage of high spatial resolution.However,it faces the same issue of the temperature and strain...Chaotic Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis(BOCDA)has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated with the advantage of high spatial resolution.However,it faces the same issue of the temperature and strain cross-sensitivity.In this paper,the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain can be preliminarily achieved by analyzing the two Brillouin frequencies of the chaotic laser in a large-effective-area fiber(LEAF).A temperature resolution of 1℃ and a strain resolution of 20μξ can be obtained with a spatial resolution of 3.9cm.The actual temperature and strain measurement errors are 0.37℃ and 10μξ,respectively,which are within the maximum measurement errors.展开更多
This paper addresses the state estimation for a class of nonlinear time-varying stochastic systems with both uncertain dynam-ics and unknown measurement bias.A novel extended state based Kalman filter(ESKF)algorithm i...This paper addresses the state estimation for a class of nonlinear time-varying stochastic systems with both uncertain dynam-ics and unknown measurement bias.A novel extended state based Kalman filter(ESKF)algorithm is developed to estimate the original state,the uncertain dynamics and the measurement bias.It is shown that the estimation error of the proposed algorithm is bounded in the mean square sense.Also,the estimation of the measurement bias asymptotically converges to its true value,such that the infuence of measurement bias is eliminated.Furthermore,the asymptotic optimality of the estima-tion result is proved while the uncertain dynamics approaches to a constant vector.Finally,a simulation study for harmonic oscillator system model is provided to ilustrate the effectiveness of proposed method.展开更多
Data security is a long-term challenge that spans the whole history of human society, particularly in the field of commercial activities and military actions. To date, a variety of data protection techniques have been...Data security is a long-term challenge that spans the whole history of human society, particularly in the field of commercial activities and military actions. To date, a variety of data protection techniques have been developed. Early examples include watermarks and holograms.[1] Later, color-shifting inks and luminescent patterns had been developed as well.展开更多
基金Funding for this study was provided by Brain Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology(2021ZD0202105)Shanghai‘the Hospital Garden Star’funding for the training of young medical professionals(20224Z0017)+7 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171483),(82130041)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2018SHZDZX05)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Talent Project(2022YQ048)Lingang Lab(Grant LG202106-03-01),(Grant LG202106-03-03)these fundings had no further role in study designin the collection,analysis and interpretation of datain the writing of the reportin the decision to submit the paper for publication.
文摘Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is known to prevent methamphetamine(METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction.However,there is a lack of research with longitudinal design on changes in plasma BDNF levels in active METH-dependent individuals.Aims The aim of the study was to investigate changes in BDNF levels during METH self-administration in monkeys.Methods This study measured plasma BDNF levels in three male rhesus monkeys with continuous METH exposure and four male control rhesus monkeys without METH exposure.Changes in plasma BDNF levels were then assessed longitudinally during 40 sessions of METH self-administration in the three monkeys.Results Repeated METH exposure decreased plasma BDNF levels.Additionally,plasma BDNF decreased with long-term rather than short-term accumulation of METH during METH self-administration.Conclusions These findings may indicate that the changes in peripheral BDNF may reflect the quantity of accumulative METH intake during a frequent drug use period.
基金Supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M661406).
文摘The spherical indentation test has been successfully applied to inversely derive the tensile properties of small regions in a non-destructive way.Current inverse methods mainly rely on extensive iterative calculations,which yield a considerable computational costs.In this paper,a database method is proposed to determine tensile flow properties from a single indentation force-depth curves to avoid iterative simulations.Firstly,a database that contain numerous indentation force-depth curves is established by inputting varied Ludwic material parameters into the indentation finite elements model.Secondly,for a given experimental indentation curve,a mean square error(MSE)is designated to evaluate the deviation between the experimental curve and each curve in the database.Finally,the true stresses at a series of plastic strain can be acquired by analyzing these deviations.To validate this new method,three different steels,i.e.A508,2.25Cr1 Mo and 316L are selected.Both simulated indentation curves and experimental indentation curves are used as inputs of the database to inversely acquire the flow properties.The result indicates that the pro-posed approach provides impressive accuracy when simulated indentation curves are used,but is less accurate when experimental curves are used.This new method can derive tensile properties in a much higher efficiency compared with traditional inverse method and are therefore more adaptive to engineering application.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22275193)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(E131AJ0101)+2 种基金Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZR115)STS Project of Putian-CAS(2020HJSTS001)Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E055AJ01)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Covalent/metal organic frameworks are highly attractive due to their tunable structure and properties,and broad applications in multiple fields.However,they still suffer from numbers of drawbacks including low solubility,harsh synthesis and fabrication,and low mechanical flexibility.Herein,we report a new organic framework consisting of macrocycles and organic frames in its periodic structure,and denote it as macrocycle organic polymer(MOP).The size-tunable macrocycles containing peripheral furan units are synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization,which undergo a reversible Diels-Alde reaction with bismaleimide to generate/degrade MOPs at given temperatures.Relying on above features,MOPs exhibit excellent flexibility,healable ability and recycle ability.Interestingly,owing to the“living”nature of anionic ring-opening polymerization,MOPs can self-grow into bigger sizes in the presence of monomer and catalysis,analogs to the living creatures.Moreover,their high porosity and rich thioether structure enable them as good metal ion absorbers and promising applications in wearable electronics.
基金This work was supported by Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z191100007219009)Key Programs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDRW-CN-2018-2)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51773210)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2018040).
文摘Cellulose,lignin and lignocellulose are important bioresources in the nature.Their effective and environmentally friendly utilization not only reduces dependence on fossil resources but also protects the environment.Recently,a class of novel eco-friendly solvents,ionic liquids,is employed to dissolve and process these bioresources.In this mini-review,we summarized the recent advances of processing and valorization of cellulose,lignin and lignocellulose in ionic liquids.It is expected that this up-to-date survey provides a comprehensive information of this field,and accelerates the development and utilization of the renewable plant biomass resources.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.61527819 and 61875146)in part by the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Province Youth Science and Technology Foundation(Grant No.201601D021069)+1 种基金in part by the Key Research and Development Program(High-Tech Field)of Shanxi Province(Grant Nos.201803D121064 and 201803D31044)in part by the Program for Sanjin Scholar,in part by the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Programs(TSTAP)of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi,and in part by the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi.
文摘Chaotic Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis(BOCDA)has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated with the advantage of high spatial resolution.However,it faces the same issue of the temperature and strain cross-sensitivity.In this paper,the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain can be preliminarily achieved by analyzing the two Brillouin frequencies of the chaotic laser in a large-effective-area fiber(LEAF).A temperature resolution of 1℃ and a strain resolution of 20μξ can be obtained with a spatial resolution of 3.9cm.The actual temperature and strain measurement errors are 0.37℃ and 10μξ,respectively,which are within the maximum measurement errors.
基金This work was partly supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0703800)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.I 1931018,61633003-3)the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems(No.2019IRS09).
文摘This paper addresses the state estimation for a class of nonlinear time-varying stochastic systems with both uncertain dynam-ics and unknown measurement bias.A novel extended state based Kalman filter(ESKF)algorithm is developed to estimate the original state,the uncertain dynamics and the measurement bias.It is shown that the estimation error of the proposed algorithm is bounded in the mean square sense.Also,the estimation of the measurement bias asymptotically converges to its true value,such that the infuence of measurement bias is eliminated.Furthermore,the asymptotic optimality of the estima-tion result is proved while the uncertain dynamics approaches to a constant vector.Finally,a simulation study for harmonic oscillator system model is provided to ilustrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22275189,22275193,and 22005307)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(E131AJ0101),Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZR115)+1 种基金The Science and Technology Planning Project of Putian City of Fujian Province(2020HJSTS001)Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E055AJ01)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Data security is a long-term challenge that spans the whole history of human society, particularly in the field of commercial activities and military actions. To date, a variety of data protection techniques have been developed. Early examples include watermarks and holograms.[1] Later, color-shifting inks and luminescent patterns had been developed as well.
