Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects ...Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.展开更多
Realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals is vital for preventing and treating chronic diseases in elderly individuals. However,wearable sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity to both we...Realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals is vital for preventing and treating chronic diseases in elderly individuals. However,wearable sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity to both weak physiological signals and large mechanical stimuli remain challenges.Here, a flexible triboelectric patch(FTEP) based on porous-reinforcement microstructures for remote health monitoring has been reported. The porousreinforcement microstructure is constructed by the self-assembly of silicone rubber adhering to the porous framework of the PU sponge. The mechanical properties of the FTEP can be regulated by the concentrations of silicone rubber dilution. For pressure sensing, its sensitivity can be effectively improved fivefold compared to the device with a solid dielectric layer, reaching 5.93 kPa^(-1) under a pressure range of 0–5 kPa. In addition, the FTEP has a wide detection range up to 50 kPa with a sensitivity of 0.21 kPa^(-1). The porous microstructure makes the FTEP ultra-sensitive to external pressure, and the reinforcements endow the device with a greater deformation limit in a wide detection range. Finally, a novel concept of the wearable Internet of Healthcare(Io H) system for real-time physiological signal monitoring has been proposed, which could provide real-time physiological information for ambulatory personalized healthcare monitoring.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the differences between meditation and resting states using infrared thermal imaging(IRTI)to determine facial temperature distribution features during meditation and annotate the patterns of f...Objective:To investigate the differences between meditation and resting states using infrared thermal imaging(IRTI)to determine facial temperature distribution features during meditation and annotate the patterns of facial temperature changes during meditation from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine facial diagnosis.Methods:Each participant performed 10 min meditation and 10 min resting but in different sequences.A concentration test was set as the task load,followed by a meditation/resting or resting/meditation session,during which the participants'facial temperatures were observed using IRTI.Participants were scored on the Big Five Inventory(BFI)and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS).Results:Forehead temperatures decreased more during meditation than during the resting state.The chin temperature increased only during meditation(P<.0001).For the subjects with meditation experience,there were significant differences in the temperatures of the left forehead(P<.01),right forehead(P<.01)and chin(P<.05)between the meditation and resting state at the 10~(th)min.In the nontask state,the BFI-Extraversion showed a negative correlation with the temperature of the left forehead(R=-0.41,P=.03).In the post-task state,the temperature of the left forehead was negatively correlated with scores on the MAAS(R=-0.42,P=.02).Conclusion:Using IRTI to study meditation offers a practical solution to the challenges in meditation research.The results indicate that an increase in chin temperature may be a representative feature of a meditation state,and forehead temperature is also a potential indicator.展开更多
In order to grasp the distribution of Aspergillus flavus in the soil of peanut production areas in China,A.flavus biomarkers were tested on 555 soil samples from 37 sampling points in 17 provinces,peanut fields in fou...In order to grasp the distribution of Aspergillus flavus in the soil of peanut production areas in China,A.flavus biomarkers were tested on 555 soil samples from 37 sampling points in 17 provinces,peanut fields in four agroecological zones(Southern area,Yangtze River Basin,Northern area,Northeast area).The results showed that(1)the cultivation amount of A.flavus per gram of soil in the Yangtze River Basin is 1.30 times that of the southern area,1.56 times that of the northern area,and 6.20 times that of the northeast area,with obvious regional characteristics.(2)In the Yangtze River basin,the change of longitude in the east-west direction has no direct impact on the cultivation amount of A.flavus per gram of soil.(3)In the east coast,the A.flavus cultivated per gram of soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of latitude from south to north.(4)A.flavus can be isolated in the soil samples above 1000 m.Field pollution is an important source of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.The study on the distribution of A.flavus in soil in China could provide theoretical support for the early warning and prevention and control measures of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.展开更多
Deep convolution neural networks are going deeper and deeper.How-ever,the complexity of models is prone to overfitting in training.Dropout,one of the crucial tricks,prevents units from co-adapting too much by randomly...Deep convolution neural networks are going deeper and deeper.How-ever,the complexity of models is prone to overfitting in training.Dropout,one of the crucial tricks,prevents units from co-adapting too much by randomly drop-ping neurons during training.It effectively improves the performance of deep net-works but ignores the importance of the differences between neurons.To optimize this issue,this paper presents a new dropout method called guided dropout,which selects the neurons to switch off according to the differences between the convo-lution kernel and preserves the informative neurons.It uses an unsupervised clus-tering algorithm to cluster similar neurons in each hidden layer,and dropout uses a certain probability within each cluster.Thereby this would preserve the hidden layer neurons with different roles while maintaining the model’s scarcity and gen-eralization,which effectively improves the role of the hidden layer neurons in learning the features.We evaluated our approach compared with two standard dropout networks on three well-established public object detection datasets.Experimental results on multiple datasets show that the method proposed in this paper has been improved on false positives,precision-recall curve and average precision without increasing the amount of computation.It can be seen that the increased performance of guided dropout is thanks to shallow learning in the net-works.The concept of guided dropout would be beneficial to the other vision tasks.展开更多
In order to solve negative phase sequence problem of V connection transformer in the high speed and heavy haul electrical railway of China, the hybrid compensative co-phase traction power supply system which based on ...In order to solve negative phase sequence problem of V connection transformer in the high speed and heavy haul electrical railway of China, the hybrid compensative co-phase traction power supply system which based on passive and active compensation is proposed. Firstly, There construction and capacity distribution are analyzed, and the compensation current of active equipment is gave;Second, the feature of the hybrid compensative schemes are discussed. In the end, the related simulation results have confirmed the effectiveness of the compensation schemes in this paper.展开更多
The extracellular matrix(ECM)serves as signals that regulate specific cell states in tumor tissues.Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular biomechanical force signals are critical in tumor progression.In this ...The extracellular matrix(ECM)serves as signals that regulate specific cell states in tumor tissues.Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular biomechanical force signals are critical in tumor progression.In this study,we aimed to explore the influence of ECM-derived biomechanical force on breast cancer cell status.Experiments were conducted using 3D collagen,fibrinogen.展开更多
The studied mafic granulites are located at Xiwangshan,Xuanhua region in the north of the Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO),occurring as lens within tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG)gneisses in the eastern part of ...The studied mafic granulites are located at Xiwangshan,Xuanhua region in the north of the Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO),occurring as lens within tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG)gneisses in the eastern part of the Xiwangshan area.The rocks contain the representative granulite-facies minerals such as garnet,clinopyroxene,orthopyroxene,plagioclase,amphibolite,rutile and quartz,and also well-developed melt pseudomorph and antiperthite.Although the prograde metamorphic stage(M1)cannot be retrieved due to rare preservation of pre-peak-stage mineral associations,three distinct mineral assemblages that formed in different metamorphic stages can be identified,based on petrography and mineralogy characteristics.The peak stage(M2)is characterized by Grt2+Cpx2+Amp2+Pl2+Rt+melt pseudomorphs,and a post-peak decompression stage(M3)contains a mineral assemblage of Grt3+Opx3+Cpx3+Amp3+Pl3,while a later-retrogression stage(M4)is featured by coronas of Amp4+Pl4 surrounding garnet.By calculating metamorphic P-T conditions using THERMOCALC,stage M2 was constrained to be 13.2–14.8 kbar and 1050–1080℃,and M3 recorded P-T conditions of 5.7–7.3 kbar and 825–875℃,while M4 yielded P of^5 kbar and T of^660℃,consistent with amphibolite facies metamorphism.Taking into account of all these petrological data,we propose that the mafic granulite experienced a high-pressure(HP)and ultra-high temperature(UHT)granulite-facies metamorphism during the peak metamorphism,which was accompanied with a clockwise P-T path.U-Pb dating of metamorphic zircons in the granulites yields two groups of ages at 1853±14 and 1744±44 Ma,respectively.We suggest that the older age corresponded to the HP-UHT metamorphism,while the younger age represented an retrograde metamorphic event during cooling.展开更多
The valleys of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)offer a new degree of freedom for information processing.To take advantage of this valley degree of freedom,on the one hand,it is feasible to contr...The valleys of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)offer a new degree of freedom for information processing.To take advantage of this valley degree of freedom,on the one hand,it is feasible to control valleys by utilizing different external stimuli,such as optical and electric fields.On the other hand,nanostructures are also used to separate the valleys by near-field coupling.However,for both of the above methods,either the required low-temperature environment or low degree of coherence properties limit their further applications.Here,we demonstrate that all-dielectric photonic crystal(PhC)slabs without in-plane inversion symmetry(C_(2) symmetry)can separate and route valley exciton emission of a WS2 monolayer at room temperature.Coupling with circularly polarized photonic Bloch modes of such PhC slabs,valley photons emitted by a WS_(2) monolayer are routed directionally and are efficiently separated in the far field.In addition,far-field emissions are directionally enhanced and have long-distance spatial coherence properties.展开更多
A highly stretchable plasmonic structure composed of a monolayer array of metal-capped colloidal spheres on an elastomeric substrate has been fabricated using simple and inexpensive self-assembly and transfer-printing...A highly stretchable plasmonic structure composed of a monolayer array of metal-capped colloidal spheres on an elastomeric substrate has been fabricated using simple and inexpensive self-assembly and transfer-printing techniques.This composite structure supports coupled surface plasmons whose wavelengths are sensitive to the arrangement of the metal-capped colloidal spheres.Upon stretching,the lattice of metal-capped colloidal spheres will be deformed,leading to a large wavelength shift of surface plasmon resonances and simultaneously an obvious color change.This stretchable plasmonic structure offers a promising approach to tune surface plasmon resonances and might be exploited in realizing flexible plasmonic devices with tunability of mechanical strain.展开更多
Metalenses have emerged as a new optical element or system in recent years,showing superior performance and abundant applications.However,the phase distribution of a metalens has not been measured directly up to now,h...Metalenses have emerged as a new optical element or system in recent years,showing superior performance and abundant applications.However,the phase distribution of a metalens has not been measured directly up to now,hindering further quantitative evaluation of its performance.We have developed an interferometric imaging phase measurement system to measure the phase distribution of a metalens by taking only one photo of the interference pattern.Based on the measured phase distribution,we analyse the negative chromatic aberration effect of monochromatic metalenses and propose a feature size of metalenses.Different sensitivities of the phase response to wavelength between the Pancharatnam-Berry phase-based metalens and propagation phase-reliant metalens are directly observed in the experiment.Furthermore,through phase distribution analysis,it is found that the distance between the measured metalens and the brightest spot of focusing will deviate from the focal length when the metalens has a low nominal numerical aperture,even though the metalens is ideal without any fabrication error.We also use the measured phase distribution to quantitatively characterise the imaging performance of the metalens.Our phase measurement system will help not only designers optimise the designs of metalenses but also fabricants distinguish defects to improve the fabrication process,which will pave the way for metalenses in industrial applications.展开更多
Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human population.Genetics and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in select...Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human population.Genetics and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in selecting cattle with beneficial phenotypes and developing genetic potentials for improved performance.There is an inextricable link between genetics and nutrition,which urgently requires researchers to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms to optimize cattle production.Feedomics integrates a range of omic techniques to reveal the mechanisms at different molecular levels related to animal production and health,which can provide novel insights into the relationships of genes and nutrition/nutrients.In this review,we summarized the applications of feedomics techniques to reveal the effect of genetic elements on the response to nutrition and investigate how nutrients affect the functional genome of cattle from the perspective of both nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics.We highlighted the roles of rumen microbiome in the interactions between host genes and nutrition.Herein,we discuss the importance of feedomics in cattle nutrition research,with a view to ensure that cattle exhibit the best production traits for human consumption from both genetic and nutritional aspects.展开更多
In this Letter,Ti–Si bilayer was deposited on white silk to achieve coloration of the silk.By controlling the thickness of the Ti layer and Si layer,the saturation and the hue of the color on the silk could be precio...In this Letter,Ti–Si bilayer was deposited on white silk to achieve coloration of the silk.By controlling the thickness of the Ti layer and Si layer,the saturation and the hue of the color on the silk could be preciously modulated,respectively.The structural colors on the silk could cover the major colors in the International Commission on Illumination 1931 chromaticity diagram,and it exhibits good durability,which is demonstrated by rubbing and stretching treatments.The developed textile coloration method may provide an eco-friendly technology in the silk dyeing industry.展开更多
Inferring the properties of a scattering objective by analyzing the optical far-field responses within the framework of inverse problems is of great practical significance.However,it still faces major challenges when ...Inferring the properties of a scattering objective by analyzing the optical far-field responses within the framework of inverse problems is of great practical significance.However,it still faces major challenges when the parameter range is growing and involves inevitable experimental noises.Here,we propose a solving strategy containing robust neuralnetworks-based algorithms and informative photonic dispersions to overcome such challenges for a sort of inverse scattering problem—reconstructing grating profiles.Using two typical neural networks,forward-mapping type and inverse-mapping type,we reconstruct grating profiles whose geometric features span hundreds of nanometers with nanometric sensitivity and several seconds of time consumption.A forward-mapping neural network with a parameters-to-point architecture especially stands out in generating analytical photonic dispersions accurately,featured by sharp Fano-shaped spectra.Meanwhile,to implement the strategy experimentally,a Fourier-optics-based angle-resolved imaging spectroscopy with an all-fixed light path is developed to measure the dispersions by a single shot,acquiring adequate information.Our forward-mapping algorithm can enable real-time comparisons between robust predictions and experimental data with actual noises,showing an excellent linear correlation(R2>0.982)with the measurements of atomic force microscopy.Our work provides a new strategy for reconstructing grating profiles in inverse scattering problems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1605000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871806)the Beijing Livestock Industry Innovation Team(BAIC05-2023)。
文摘Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62174115, U21A20147)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20220284)+6 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (22KJB510013)the Suzhou Science and Technology Development Planning Project: Key Industrial Technology Innovation (SYG201924)the University Research Development Fund (RDF-17-01-13)the Key Program Special Fund in XJTLU (KSF-T-03, KSF-A-07)partially supported by the XJTLU AI University Research Centre and Jiangsu (Provincial) Data Science and Cognitive Computational Engineering Research Centre at XJTLUthe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe 111 Project and Joint International Research。
文摘Realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals is vital for preventing and treating chronic diseases in elderly individuals. However,wearable sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity to both weak physiological signals and large mechanical stimuli remain challenges.Here, a flexible triboelectric patch(FTEP) based on porous-reinforcement microstructures for remote health monitoring has been reported. The porousreinforcement microstructure is constructed by the self-assembly of silicone rubber adhering to the porous framework of the PU sponge. The mechanical properties of the FTEP can be regulated by the concentrations of silicone rubber dilution. For pressure sensing, its sensitivity can be effectively improved fivefold compared to the device with a solid dielectric layer, reaching 5.93 kPa^(-1) under a pressure range of 0–5 kPa. In addition, the FTEP has a wide detection range up to 50 kPa with a sensitivity of 0.21 kPa^(-1). The porous microstructure makes the FTEP ultra-sensitive to external pressure, and the reinforcements endow the device with a greater deformation limit in a wide detection range. Finally, a novel concept of the wearable Internet of Healthcare(Io H) system for real-time physiological signal monitoring has been proposed, which could provide real-time physiological information for ambulatory personalized healthcare monitoring.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(x2021-JYB-XJSJJ-032)Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,Double First-class,High-caliber Talents Grant(1000041510156)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the differences between meditation and resting states using infrared thermal imaging(IRTI)to determine facial temperature distribution features during meditation and annotate the patterns of facial temperature changes during meditation from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine facial diagnosis.Methods:Each participant performed 10 min meditation and 10 min resting but in different sequences.A concentration test was set as the task load,followed by a meditation/resting or resting/meditation session,during which the participants'facial temperatures were observed using IRTI.Participants were scored on the Big Five Inventory(BFI)and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS).Results:Forehead temperatures decreased more during meditation than during the resting state.The chin temperature increased only during meditation(P<.0001).For the subjects with meditation experience,there were significant differences in the temperatures of the left forehead(P<.01),right forehead(P<.01)and chin(P<.05)between the meditation and resting state at the 10~(th)min.In the nontask state,the BFI-Extraversion showed a negative correlation with the temperature of the left forehead(R=-0.41,P=.03).In the post-task state,the temperature of the left forehead was negatively correlated with scores on the MAAS(R=-0.42,P=.02).Conclusion:Using IRTI to study meditation offers a practical solution to the challenges in meditation research.The results indicate that an increase in chin temperature may be a representative feature of a meditation state,and forehead temperature is also a potential indicator.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100702)Major project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd015),National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(32030085,U22A20551)+1 种基金Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASASTIP-2021-OCRI)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(3570).
文摘In order to grasp the distribution of Aspergillus flavus in the soil of peanut production areas in China,A.flavus biomarkers were tested on 555 soil samples from 37 sampling points in 17 provinces,peanut fields in four agroecological zones(Southern area,Yangtze River Basin,Northern area,Northeast area).The results showed that(1)the cultivation amount of A.flavus per gram of soil in the Yangtze River Basin is 1.30 times that of the southern area,1.56 times that of the northern area,and 6.20 times that of the northeast area,with obvious regional characteristics.(2)In the Yangtze River basin,the change of longitude in the east-west direction has no direct impact on the cultivation amount of A.flavus per gram of soil.(3)In the east coast,the A.flavus cultivated per gram of soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of latitude from south to north.(4)A.flavus can be isolated in the soil samples above 1000 m.Field pollution is an important source of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.The study on the distribution of A.flavus in soil in China could provide theoretical support for the early warning and prevention and control measures of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Funds of China(Project No.U19B2036).
文摘Deep convolution neural networks are going deeper and deeper.How-ever,the complexity of models is prone to overfitting in training.Dropout,one of the crucial tricks,prevents units from co-adapting too much by randomly drop-ping neurons during training.It effectively improves the performance of deep net-works but ignores the importance of the differences between neurons.To optimize this issue,this paper presents a new dropout method called guided dropout,which selects the neurons to switch off according to the differences between the convo-lution kernel and preserves the informative neurons.It uses an unsupervised clus-tering algorithm to cluster similar neurons in each hidden layer,and dropout uses a certain probability within each cluster.Thereby this would preserve the hidden layer neurons with different roles while maintaining the model’s scarcity and gen-eralization,which effectively improves the role of the hidden layer neurons in learning the features.We evaluated our approach compared with two standard dropout networks on three well-established public object detection datasets.Experimental results on multiple datasets show that the method proposed in this paper has been improved on false positives,precision-recall curve and average precision without increasing the amount of computation.It can be seen that the increased performance of guided dropout is thanks to shallow learning in the net-works.The concept of guided dropout would be beneficial to the other vision tasks.
文摘In order to solve negative phase sequence problem of V connection transformer in the high speed and heavy haul electrical railway of China, the hybrid compensative co-phase traction power supply system which based on passive and active compensation is proposed. Firstly, There construction and capacity distribution are analyzed, and the compensation current of active equipment is gave;Second, the feature of the hybrid compensative schemes are discussed. In the end, the related simulation results have confirmed the effectiveness of the compensation schemes in this paper.
基金This work was supported by following fundings:CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)2021-I2M-1-014the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81902578,81974098,8197032158)+3 种基金the National key research and development program of China(Grant No.2017YFC0908003,2017YFC0908004)the Project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province(20PJ062)Post-doctoral Science Research Foundation of Sichuan University(2020SCU12041)Post-Doctor Research Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(2018HXBH084).
文摘The extracellular matrix(ECM)serves as signals that regulate specific cell states in tumor tissues.Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular biomechanical force signals are critical in tumor progression.In this study,we aimed to explore the influence of ECM-derived biomechanical force on breast cancer cell status.Experiments were conducted using 3D collagen,fibrinogen.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41761144061)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2016DM04)the University Students Innovation Program of SDUST (No. 2015TDJH101)
文摘The studied mafic granulites are located at Xiwangshan,Xuanhua region in the north of the Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO),occurring as lens within tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG)gneisses in the eastern part of the Xiwangshan area.The rocks contain the representative granulite-facies minerals such as garnet,clinopyroxene,orthopyroxene,plagioclase,amphibolite,rutile and quartz,and also well-developed melt pseudomorph and antiperthite.Although the prograde metamorphic stage(M1)cannot be retrieved due to rare preservation of pre-peak-stage mineral associations,three distinct mineral assemblages that formed in different metamorphic stages can be identified,based on petrography and mineralogy characteristics.The peak stage(M2)is characterized by Grt2+Cpx2+Amp2+Pl2+Rt+melt pseudomorphs,and a post-peak decompression stage(M3)contains a mineral assemblage of Grt3+Opx3+Cpx3+Amp3+Pl3,while a later-retrogression stage(M4)is featured by coronas of Amp4+Pl4 surrounding garnet.By calculating metamorphic P-T conditions using THERMOCALC,stage M2 was constrained to be 13.2–14.8 kbar and 1050–1080℃,and M3 recorded P-T conditions of 5.7–7.3 kbar and 825–875℃,while M4 yielded P of^5 kbar and T of^660℃,consistent with amphibolite facies metamorphism.Taking into account of all these petrological data,we propose that the mafic granulite experienced a high-pressure(HP)and ultra-high temperature(UHT)granulite-facies metamorphism during the peak metamorphism,which was accompanied with a clockwise P-T path.U-Pb dating of metamorphic zircons in the granulites yields two groups of ages at 1853±14 and 1744±44 Ma,respectively.We suggest that the older age corresponded to the HP-UHT metamorphism,while the younger age represented an retrograde metamorphic event during cooling.
基金supported by the China National Key Basic Research Program(Grant Nos.2016YFA0301103,2016YFA0302000,and 2018YFA0306201)the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11774063,11727811 and 91750102,91963212,11804387,11802339,11805276,61805282,61801498,and 11902358)+1 种基金further supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant Nos.19XD1434600,2019SHZDZX01,and 19DZ2253000)further supported by the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province(Grant No.2020JJ2036).
文摘The valleys of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)offer a new degree of freedom for information processing.To take advantage of this valley degree of freedom,on the one hand,it is feasible to control valleys by utilizing different external stimuli,such as optical and electric fields.On the other hand,nanostructures are also used to separate the valleys by near-field coupling.However,for both of the above methods,either the required low-temperature environment or low degree of coherence properties limit their further applications.Here,we demonstrate that all-dielectric photonic crystal(PhC)slabs without in-plane inversion symmetry(C_(2) symmetry)can separate and route valley exciton emission of a WS2 monolayer at room temperature.Coupling with circularly polarized photonic Bloch modes of such PhC slabs,valley photons emitted by a WS_(2) monolayer are routed directionally and are efficiently separated in the far field.In addition,far-field emissions are directionally enhanced and have long-distance spatial coherence properties.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2016YFA0301103,2016YFA0302000 and 2018YFA0306201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11774063,11727811,and 91963212)supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19XD1434600,2019SHZDZX01 and 19DZ2253000)。
基金This work was supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Program)(Grant Nos.2007CB613200 and 2006CB921700)The research of J.Z.and X.H.L.is further supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission.
文摘A highly stretchable plasmonic structure composed of a monolayer array of metal-capped colloidal spheres on an elastomeric substrate has been fabricated using simple and inexpensive self-assembly and transfer-printing techniques.This composite structure supports coupled surface plasmons whose wavelengths are sensitive to the arrangement of the metal-capped colloidal spheres.Upon stretching,the lattice of metal-capped colloidal spheres will be deformed,leading to a large wavelength shift of surface plasmon resonances and simultaneously an obvious color change.This stretchable plasmonic structure offers a promising approach to tune surface plasmon resonances and might be exploited in realizing flexible plasmonic devices with tunability of mechanical strain.
基金the China National Key Basic Research Program(2016YFA0301103,2016YFA0302000 and 2018YFA0306201)the National Science Foundation of China(11774063,11727811,91963212 and 62035016)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Com m ission of Shanghai Municipality(19XD1434600,2019SHZDZX01 and 19DZ2253000)the Guangzhou Science,Technology and Innovation Commission(201804020029)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Grant(No.SGDX2019081623281169)the University Grants Committee/Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project No.AOE/P-502/20)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(2020B1515120073).
文摘Metalenses have emerged as a new optical element or system in recent years,showing superior performance and abundant applications.However,the phase distribution of a metalens has not been measured directly up to now,hindering further quantitative evaluation of its performance.We have developed an interferometric imaging phase measurement system to measure the phase distribution of a metalens by taking only one photo of the interference pattern.Based on the measured phase distribution,we analyse the negative chromatic aberration effect of monochromatic metalenses and propose a feature size of metalenses.Different sensitivities of the phase response to wavelength between the Pancharatnam-Berry phase-based metalens and propagation phase-reliant metalens are directly observed in the experiment.Furthermore,through phase distribution analysis,it is found that the distance between the measured metalens and the brightest spot of focusing will deviate from the focal length when the metalens has a low nominal numerical aperture,even though the metalens is ideal without any fabrication error.We also use the measured phase distribution to quantitatively characterise the imaging performance of the metalens.Our phase measurement system will help not only designers optimise the designs of metalenses but also fabricants distinguish defects to improve the fabrication process,which will pave the way for metalenses in industrial applications.
基金the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002207)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Zhejiang Provincial Universities(2021XZZX027)the“Hundred Talents Program”Research Professor Start-up Fund of Zhejiang University.
文摘Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human population.Genetics and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in selecting cattle with beneficial phenotypes and developing genetic potentials for improved performance.There is an inextricable link between genetics and nutrition,which urgently requires researchers to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms to optimize cattle production.Feedomics integrates a range of omic techniques to reveal the mechanisms at different molecular levels related to animal production and health,which can provide novel insights into the relationships of genes and nutrition/nutrients.In this review,we summarized the applications of feedomics techniques to reveal the effect of genetic elements on the response to nutrition and investigate how nutrients affect the functional genome of cattle from the perspective of both nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics.We highlighted the roles of rumen microbiome in the interactions between host genes and nutrition.Herein,we discuss the importance of feedomics in cattle nutrition research,with a view to ensure that cattle exhibit the best production traits for human consumption from both genetic and nutritional aspects.
基金the China National Key Basic Research Program(Nos.2016YFA0301103,2016YFA0302000,and 2018YFA0306201)the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11774063,11727811,91750102,and 91963212)the Science and Technology Commission of ShanghaiMunicipality(Nos.19XD1434600,2019SHZDZX01,and 19DZ2253000)。
文摘In this Letter,Ti–Si bilayer was deposited on white silk to achieve coloration of the silk.By controlling the thickness of the Ti layer and Si layer,the saturation and the hue of the color on the silk could be preciously modulated,respectively.The structural colors on the silk could cover the major colors in the International Commission on Illumination 1931 chromaticity diagram,and it exhibits good durability,which is demonstrated by rubbing and stretching treatments.The developed textile coloration method may provide an eco-friendly technology in the silk dyeing industry.
基金The work was supported by the China National Key Basic Research Program(2016YFA0301103,2016YFA0302000 and 2018YFA0306201)the National Science Foundation of China(11774063,11727811,91750102 and 91963212)+1 种基金A.C.was supported by Shanghai Rising-Star Program(20QB1402200)L.S.was further supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19XD1434600,2019SHZDZX01,and 19DZ2253000).
文摘Inferring the properties of a scattering objective by analyzing the optical far-field responses within the framework of inverse problems is of great practical significance.However,it still faces major challenges when the parameter range is growing and involves inevitable experimental noises.Here,we propose a solving strategy containing robust neuralnetworks-based algorithms and informative photonic dispersions to overcome such challenges for a sort of inverse scattering problem—reconstructing grating profiles.Using two typical neural networks,forward-mapping type and inverse-mapping type,we reconstruct grating profiles whose geometric features span hundreds of nanometers with nanometric sensitivity and several seconds of time consumption.A forward-mapping neural network with a parameters-to-point architecture especially stands out in generating analytical photonic dispersions accurately,featured by sharp Fano-shaped spectra.Meanwhile,to implement the strategy experimentally,a Fourier-optics-based angle-resolved imaging spectroscopy with an all-fixed light path is developed to measure the dispersions by a single shot,acquiring adequate information.Our forward-mapping algorithm can enable real-time comparisons between robust predictions and experimental data with actual noises,showing an excellent linear correlation(R2>0.982)with the measurements of atomic force microscopy.Our work provides a new strategy for reconstructing grating profiles in inverse scattering problems.
