The production of CaC2 from coke/lime powders and compressed powder pellets are low cost and fast processes. A number of studies have reported the reaction kinetics of these reactions but they are still not well under...The production of CaC2 from coke/lime powders and compressed powder pellets are low cost and fast processes. A number of studies have reported the reaction kinetics of these reactions but they are still not well understood and the proposed kinetic models are not comparable due to differences in the reaction conditions. Therefore the reaction behavior of CaO/C powders （0.074 mm） and cubes （5 mm × 5 mm × （4.6-5.1） mm） compressed from a mixture of powders have been studied using thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA） at 1700- 1850 ℃. Kinetic models were obtained from the TGA data using isoconversional and model-fitting methods. The reaction rates for the compressed feeds were lower than those for the powder feeds. This is due to the reduced surface area of the compressed samples which inhibits heat transfer from the surrounding environment （or the heating source） to the sample. The compression pressure had little influence on the reaction rate. The reaction kinetics of both the powder and the compressed feeds can be described by the contracting volume modelf（α） = 3（1 -α）^2/3, where a is the conversion rate of reactant. The apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the powder feed were estimated to 346-354 kJ·mol^-1 and 5.9 x 10^7 min^-1, respectively, whereas those of the compressed feed were 305-327 kJ·mol^-1 and 3.6 ×10^6 min^-1, respectively.展开更多
Aim:The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)on patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring oncogenic alterations.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled pati...Aim:The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)on patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring oncogenic alterations.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC who were treated with anti-PD-1-based monotherapy or combined immunotherapy.Major characteristics including PD-L1 expression,treatment,and survival were analyzed.Results:In total,309 non-squamous NSCLC patients with a median age of 61 years(range 20-88 years)including 70.9%male were retrospectively enrolled.The molecular alterations involved epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)(n=81),V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)(n=31),anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)(n=1),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)(n=12),V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(BRAF)(n=2),rearranged during transfection(n=4),and c-ros oncogene 1(ROS1)(n=3).In the EGFR subset,the ORR was 30.9%(n=81)and PFS was significantly shorter than WT group(median PFS:5.7 months vs.7.1 months;P=0.0061).In subgroup analyses,ICI combined therapy was significantly correlated with a longer PFS compared with ICI monotherapy(median PFS:7.7 months vs.4.7 months;P=0.0112).In KRAS patients,ORR was 51.6%(n=31).No significant difference was found in subgroup analyses.The ORR and PFS were 16.7%(n=12)and 28.6%(n=7),7.8 months and 9.0 months for HER2 and EGFR Exon20 insertion patients,respectively.Three ROS1 patients were enrolled with a PFS of 16.0,34.2,and 45.0 months individually,and one ALK patient with PFS of 4.4 months was identified.No response was found in two BRAF patients.Conclusion:ICI-based combination therapy can bring benefit to patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.ICI-based combination therapy could be considered for patients with ROS1 rearrangement,HER2 mutation and EGFR Exon20 insertion NSCLC.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements Financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China （2011CB201306） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 20976011） are acknowledged.
文摘The production of CaC2 from coke/lime powders and compressed powder pellets are low cost and fast processes. A number of studies have reported the reaction kinetics of these reactions but they are still not well understood and the proposed kinetic models are not comparable due to differences in the reaction conditions. Therefore the reaction behavior of CaO/C powders （0.074 mm） and cubes （5 mm × 5 mm × （4.6-5.1） mm） compressed from a mixture of powders have been studied using thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA） at 1700- 1850 ℃. Kinetic models were obtained from the TGA data using isoconversional and model-fitting methods. The reaction rates for the compressed feeds were lower than those for the powder feeds. This is due to the reduced surface area of the compressed samples which inhibits heat transfer from the surrounding environment （or the heating source） to the sample. The compression pressure had little influence on the reaction rate. The reaction kinetics of both the powder and the compressed feeds can be described by the contracting volume modelf（α） = 3（1 -α）^2/3, where a is the conversion rate of reactant. The apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the powder feed were estimated to 346-354 kJ·mol^-1 and 5.9 x 10^7 min^-1, respectively, whereas those of the compressed feed were 305-327 kJ·mol^-1 and 3.6 ×10^6 min^-1, respectively.
基金supported by Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR4001)Shanghai Nature Science Foundation(20ZR1447100)。
文摘Aim:The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)on patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring oncogenic alterations.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC who were treated with anti-PD-1-based monotherapy or combined immunotherapy.Major characteristics including PD-L1 expression,treatment,and survival were analyzed.Results:In total,309 non-squamous NSCLC patients with a median age of 61 years(range 20-88 years)including 70.9%male were retrospectively enrolled.The molecular alterations involved epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)(n=81),V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)(n=31),anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)(n=1),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)(n=12),V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(BRAF)(n=2),rearranged during transfection(n=4),and c-ros oncogene 1(ROS1)(n=3).In the EGFR subset,the ORR was 30.9%(n=81)and PFS was significantly shorter than WT group(median PFS:5.7 months vs.7.1 months;P=0.0061).In subgroup analyses,ICI combined therapy was significantly correlated with a longer PFS compared with ICI monotherapy(median PFS:7.7 months vs.4.7 months;P=0.0112).In KRAS patients,ORR was 51.6%(n=31).No significant difference was found in subgroup analyses.The ORR and PFS were 16.7%(n=12)and 28.6%(n=7),7.8 months and 9.0 months for HER2 and EGFR Exon20 insertion patients,respectively.Three ROS1 patients were enrolled with a PFS of 16.0,34.2,and 45.0 months individually,and one ALK patient with PFS of 4.4 months was identified.No response was found in two BRAF patients.Conclusion:ICI-based combination therapy can bring benefit to patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.ICI-based combination therapy could be considered for patients with ROS1 rearrangement,HER2 mutation and EGFR Exon20 insertion NSCLC.
