With low temperature solution based processes and excellent mechanical flexibility,the organic field effect transistor(OFET)technology is promising for creating a wide range of emerging flexible electronics towards ap...With low temperature solution based processes and excellent mechanical flexibility,the organic field effect transistor(OFET)technology is promising for creating a wide range of emerging flexible electronics towards applications of internet of everything.However,despite of remarkable progress in developing high performance organic semiconductor materials.展开更多
[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze triggered mechanism of a hail weather in Tianjin on July 10,2011. [Method] Using Micaps data, automatic meteorological observation data, sounding data and Doppler radar data,...[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze triggered mechanism of a hail weather in Tianjin on July 10,2011. [Method] Using Micaps data, automatic meteorological observation data, sounding data and Doppler radar data, a hail process rarely happened in Daliutan Village, Yangli- uqing Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin City on July 10, 2011 was analyzed. Triggered mechanism of the hail weather was discussed. [ Result] The hail weather was generated by super cell which was triggered by sea breeze front and ground convergence interaction. Upper situation was in front of the forward tilted trough at bottom rear of the cold vortex, which was favorable for development of the strong convective weather. On ground map, water vapor transportation existed in easterly airflow at bottom rear of the high-pressure. Meanwhile, convergence zone also existed. It was wet lay- er over 0 ℃layer, and strong ascending motion existed, which was favorable for formation and development of the hail. Sea breeze front brought rich moisture, weak cold air and lifting effect when it moved toward inland from ocean, to make up for adverse conditions at low and middle layers. It could trigger a severely convective weather when moved to surface convergence zone. Doppler weather radar could monitor entire hail evolution process, [ Conclusion] The research had obvious guidance significance for judging hail process.展开更多
Drought and water shortage are the biggest limiting factors of dry farming,and variety plays an important role in an increase in the yield of dryland maize.Screening high-yield maize varieties is helpful to the contin...Drought and water shortage are the biggest limiting factors of dry farming,and variety plays an important role in an increase in the yield of dryland maize.Screening high-yield maize varieties is helpful to the continuous increase and stable yield of dryland grain.In this experiment,the growth period,characters and yield of 12 maize varieties were analyzed.The results show that the yield of Ganyu series was low,while the yield of Lianda 169 was the highest(8 080.93 kg/ha),which was 31.40% higher than Jinsui 4.The yield of Dunyu 16 was6 621.06 kg/ha,7.64% higher than Jinsui 4.The two varieties had good comprehensive characters,so they could be popularized and planted in dry farming areas of Lanzhou City.展开更多
Modern aero and stationary gas turbine engines have been designed with much higher compressor-pressure ratios and thrust-weight ratios than earlier models,and these ratios are strongly influenced by the hot-running cl...Modern aero and stationary gas turbine engines have been designed with much higher compressor-pressure ratios and thrust-weight ratios than earlier models,and these ratios are strongly influenced by the hot-running clearances between the rotating and stationary components.The main benefit of reduction in the clearances is efficiency gains,resulting in lowered fuel consumption and polluting gas emissions,with ecological and economic advantages.However,at these undersized clearances,some rubbing interactions are unavoidable,which can be accommodated by applying Abradable Sealing Coatings(ASCs)on the stationary inner surface.This paper reviews the commercially available abradable materials for thermal spraying at various application positions and temperatures.Emphasis is placed on the abradability and wear mechanisms involved.In addition,considering the tendency of SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites replacing superalloys as hot section components,the future prospect of ceramic abradables based on Environmental Barrier Coatings(EBCs)in turbine stages is summarized and a new concept of"self-degradable ceramics"based on the corrosive steam environment is proposed for the purpose of high-temperature fillerfree abradables.展开更多
The effects of superficial gas velocity and mechanical stirring speed on the precise regulation of flow regimes for cohesive SiO2 powders(mean diameter is 16μm)were experimentally investigated in a stirring-assisted ...The effects of superficial gas velocity and mechanical stirring speed on the precise regulation of flow regimes for cohesive SiO2 powders(mean diameter is 16μm)were experimentally investigated in a stirring-assisted fluidized bed.The results showed that compared with the agglomerates formed in the non-assisted fluidization of cohesive SiO2 powders,the introduction of mechanical stirring could effectively reduce the size of agglomerates and well disperse the agglomerates during fluidization.The best regulation range of agglomerate particulate fluidization can be achieved at 600 rpm when agglomerate sizes were reduced to below 200μm.Further investigation based on the operational phase diagram revealed that transformations of flow regimes were dominated by both stirring speed and gas velocity.The stirring applied enlarges the operational range of agglomerate particulate fluidization(APF)with a delayed onset of bubbling for cohesive particles.However,the exorbitant speed increases the collision velocity and contact area between small agglomerates,which results in the formation of unstable agglomerates and the whirlpool of powder.展开更多
Correction to:Frontiers of Optoelectronics(2022)15:49 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-022-00049-w Following publication of the original article[1],the authors identifed an error in the author name of Tong Shan.The give...Correction to:Frontiers of Optoelectronics(2022)15:49 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-022-00049-w Following publication of the original article[1],the authors identifed an error in the author name of Tong Shan.The given name and family name were erroneously transposed.The incorrect author name is:Shan Tong.The correct author name is:Tong Shan.The author group has been updated above and the original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
As a burgeoning energy storage technology,Zn microbatteries(ZMBs)exhibit expansive potential for applications.This article initially presents a method for fabricating ZMBs utilizing interdigitated electrodes,employing...As a burgeoning energy storage technology,Zn microbatteries(ZMBs)exhibit expansive potential for applications.This article initially presents a method for fabricating ZMBs utilizing interdigitated electrodes,employing advanced techniques such as 3D printing,screen printing,laser etching,and electrodeposition.These methodologies play a crucial role in mitigating anode-related issues,consequently enhancing battery performance.Subsequently,the challenges encountered by ZMBs anodes,including dendrite formation,corrosion passivation,hydrogen evolution,and Zn cycle exfoliation,are thoroughly examined.Lastly,a comprehensive strategy for stabilizing the anode is delineated,encompassing anode material selection,anode structure construction,interface engineering,and electrolyte optimization.In essence,the preparation and fine-tuning of ZMBs present ongoing challenges.With continued research and development efforts,it is anticipated that ZMBs will attain efficient,stable,and secure performance on the microscale,offering enduring and dependable energy solutions for applications in miniature electronic devices and wearable technology.展开更多
To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine,experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and s...To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine,experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper.Experiments for four thicknesses(from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm)of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester.Perforation,ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results.Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed,petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region.Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface.Finite Element(FE)models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior.Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions.The evolution of the impact force,energy absorption,temperature increase and the cracks’propagation are analyzed.Three force peaks occur in the impact process.Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.展开更多
Spatiotemporal variation of velocity is impor- tant for debris flow dynamics. This paper presents a new method, the trace projection transformation, for accurate, non-contact measurement of a debris-flow surface veloc...Spatiotemporal variation of velocity is impor- tant for debris flow dynamics. This paper presents a new method, the trace projection transformation, for accurate, non-contact measurement of a debris-flow surface velocity field based on a combination of dense optical flow and perspective projection transformation. The algorithm for interpreting and processing is implemented in C ＋＋ and realized in Visual Studio 2012. The method allows quantitative analysis of flow motion through videos from various angles （camera positioned at the opposite direction of fluid motion）. It yields the spatiotemporal distribution of surface velocity field at pixel level and thus provides a quantitative description of the surface processes. The trace projection transformation is superior to conventional measurement methods in that it obtains the full surface velocity field by computing the optical flow of all pixels. The result achieves a 90% accuracy of when comparing with the observed values. As a case study, the method is applied to the quantitative analysis of surface velocity field of a specific debris flow.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has rapidly spread to most of the world and resulted in a global pandemic.However,there is a paucity of informati...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has rapidly spread to most of the world and resulted in a global pandemic.However,there is a paucity of information available to characterize the immunodeficient population in the COVID-19 pandemic,especially information that focuses on patients after renal transplantation as the typical representative of this population.展开更多
A probability-based damage tolerance methodology has been proposed to improve the recognition of material anomalies, especially hard alpha(TiN) anomalies for aeroengine rotor disks. A key input to this method is hard ...A probability-based damage tolerance methodology has been proposed to improve the recognition of material anomalies, especially hard alpha(TiN) anomalies for aeroengine rotor disks. A key input to this method is hard alpha anomaly distribution, which reflects the occurrence rate and size of anomalies present in the finished part material of titanium rotors. Since anomalies rarely occur naturally, an experimental method is proposed to obtain the anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks to reflect and equivalently replace the manufacturing development in titanium industry. In general, the anomaly distribution information can be divided into two parts: the Probability of Detection(POD) curve and the detected anomaly distribution, which contains the size and frequency data of the detected anomalies. The distribution can be established based on several appropriate assumptions and derivation steps with different confidence levels of POD curves and detected anomaly distributions. In this case, the distribution can be obtained in a relatively short time as a key input to the probability-based damage tolerance methodology. Then the Probability of Failure(POF) can be calculated, and the value is found to vary with different confidence levels. On this basis, the conservative estimated POF can be obtained in conjunction with confidence levels.展开更多
Flexible electronics have suggested tremendous potential to shape human lives for more convenience and pleasure.Strenuous efforts have been devoted to developing flexible organic field-effect transistor(FOFET)technolo...Flexible electronics have suggested tremendous potential to shape human lives for more convenience and pleasure.Strenuous efforts have been devoted to developing flexible organic field-effect transistor(FOFET)technologies for rollable displays,bendable smart cards,flexible sensors and artificial skins.However,these applications are still in a nascent stage for lack of standard highperformance material stacks as well as mature manufacturing technologies.In this review,the material choice and device design for FOFET devices and circuits,as well as the demonstrated applications are summarized in detail.Moreover,the technical challenges and potential applications of FOFETs in the future are discussed.展开更多
Developing organic field-effect transistor(OFET)biosensors for customizable detection of biomarkers for many diseases would provide a low-cost and convenient tool for both biological studies and clinical diagnosis.In ...Developing organic field-effect transistor(OFET)biosensors for customizable detection of biomarkers for many diseases would provide a low-cost and convenient tool for both biological studies and clinical diagnosis.In this work,design principles of the OFET transducer for biosensors were derived to relate the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)to the device-performance parameters.Steep subthreshold swing(SS),proper threshold voltage(Vth),good-enough bias-stress stability,and mechanical durability are shown to be the key prerequisites for realizing OFET bio-sensors of high transconductance efficiency(gm/ID)for large SNR.Combining a low trap-density channel and a high-k/low-k gate dielectric layer,low-temperature(<100℃)solution-processed flexible OFETs can meet the performance requirements to maximize the gm/ID.An extended gate-structure OFET biosensor was further implemented for label-free detection of miR-21,achieving a detection limit below 10 pM with high selectivity at a low operation voltage(<1 V).展开更多
Soft conductive films composed of a silver nanowire（AgNW） network, a neutral-pH PEDOT：PSS overcoating layer and a polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） elastomer substrate are fabricated by large area compatible coating pro...Soft conductive films composed of a silver nanowire（AgNW） network, a neutral-pH PEDOT：PSS overcoating layer and a polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） elastomer substrate are fabricated by large area compatible coating processes. The neutral-pH PEDOT：PSS layer is shown to be able to significantly improve the conductivity,stretchability and air stability of the conductive films. The soft conductive films are patterned using a simple maskless patterning approach to fabricate an 8 x 8 flexible pressure sensor array. It is shown that such soft conductive films can help to improve the sensitivity and reduce the signal crosstalk over the pressure sensor array.展开更多
Organic photodiodes(OPDs)have shown great promise for potential applications in optical imaging,sensing,and communication due to their wide-range tunable photoelectrical properties,low-temperature facile processes,and...Organic photodiodes(OPDs)have shown great promise for potential applications in optical imaging,sensing,and communication due to their wide-range tunable photoelectrical properties,low-temperature facile processes,and excellent mechanical fexibility.Extensive research work has been carried out on exploring materials,device structures,physical mechanisms,and processing approaches to improve the performance of OPDs to the level of their inorganic counterparts.In addition,various system prototypes have been built based on the exhibited and attractive features of OPDs.It is vital to link the device optimal design and engineering to the system requirements and examine the existing defciencies of OPDs towards practical applications,so this review starts from discussions on the required key performance metrics for diferent envisioned applications.Then the fundamentals of the OPD device structures and operation mechanisms are briefy introduced,and the latest development of OPDs for improving the key performance merits is reviewed.Finally,the trials of OPDs for various applications including wearable medical diagnostics,optical imagers,spectrometers,and light communications are reviewed,and both the promises and challenges are revealed.展开更多
Chiral quantum dot(in rod)-light-emitting diodes(CQLEDs)with circularly polarized electroluminescence(CPEL)have driven interest in the future display,communication,and storage industries.However,the preparation of CQL...Chiral quantum dot(in rod)-light-emitting diodes(CQLEDs)with circularly polarized electroluminescence(CPEL)have driven interest in the future display,communication,and storage industries.However,the preparation of CQLEDs is still a challenging unresolved.Herein,we fabricated CQLEDs through spin-coating evaporation of chiral CdSe/CdS quantum rods(CCCQs)colloidal solution on indium tin oxide substrate.The CCCQs were synthesized via an isotropically epitaxial growth with cholic acid as the symmetry breaking agent,which induced one-direction chiral dislocation around the c axis of their hexagonal crystal structure.The CCCQs were ranked side-by-side in right-handed chiral arrangement with helical axis perpendicular to substrate due to chiral driving force of the cholic acid arrangement.The CQLEDs exhibited a negative CPEL signal at 600 nm with a|gEL|of 2×10^(−4),which is ascribable to the selective filtration on emission arising from the circular Bragg resonance by quasi-photonic crystal structures.展开更多
文摘With low temperature solution based processes and excellent mechanical flexibility,the organic field effect transistor(OFET)technology is promising for creating a wide range of emerging flexible electronics towards applications of internet of everything.However,despite of remarkable progress in developing high performance organic semiconductor materials.
基金Supported by Open Item of the Cloud and Mist Physical Laboratory,China Meteorological Administration (2009Z00310)Science and Technology Plan Item in Hebei Province (12237126D)Open Science and Research Item of the Cloud and Mist Physical Environmental Key Open Laboratory,China Meteorological Administration(2009004) .
文摘[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze triggered mechanism of a hail weather in Tianjin on July 10,2011. [Method] Using Micaps data, automatic meteorological observation data, sounding data and Doppler radar data, a hail process rarely happened in Daliutan Village, Yangli- uqing Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin City on July 10, 2011 was analyzed. Triggered mechanism of the hail weather was discussed. [ Result] The hail weather was generated by super cell which was triggered by sea breeze front and ground convergence interaction. Upper situation was in front of the forward tilted trough at bottom rear of the cold vortex, which was favorable for development of the strong convective weather. On ground map, water vapor transportation existed in easterly airflow at bottom rear of the high-pressure. Meanwhile, convergence zone also existed. It was wet lay- er over 0 ℃layer, and strong ascending motion existed, which was favorable for formation and development of the hail. Sea breeze front brought rich moisture, weak cold air and lifting effect when it moved toward inland from ocean, to make up for adverse conditions at low and middle layers. It could trigger a severely convective weather when moved to surface convergence zone. Doppler weather radar could monitor entire hail evolution process, [ Conclusion] The research had obvious guidance significance for judging hail process.
基金Supported by Planning Project of Lanzhou Science and Technology Bureau(2015-3-60)
文摘Drought and water shortage are the biggest limiting factors of dry farming,and variety plays an important role in an increase in the yield of dryland maize.Screening high-yield maize varieties is helpful to the continuous increase and stable yield of dryland grain.In this experiment,the growth period,characters and yield of 12 maize varieties were analyzed.The results show that the yield of Ganyu series was low,while the yield of Lianda 169 was the highest(8 080.93 kg/ha),which was 31.40% higher than Jinsui 4.The yield of Dunyu 16 was6 621.06 kg/ha,7.64% higher than Jinsui 4.The two varieties had good comprehensive characters,so they could be popularized and planted in dry farming areas of Lanzhou City.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2241238,52275461,and 92060201)the Major Program(JD)of Hubei Province,China(No.2023BAA003)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,China(No.2023BAB107).
文摘Modern aero and stationary gas turbine engines have been designed with much higher compressor-pressure ratios and thrust-weight ratios than earlier models,and these ratios are strongly influenced by the hot-running clearances between the rotating and stationary components.The main benefit of reduction in the clearances is efficiency gains,resulting in lowered fuel consumption and polluting gas emissions,with ecological and economic advantages.However,at these undersized clearances,some rubbing interactions are unavoidable,which can be accommodated by applying Abradable Sealing Coatings(ASCs)on the stationary inner surface.This paper reviews the commercially available abradable materials for thermal spraying at various application positions and temperatures.Emphasis is placed on the abradability and wear mechanisms involved.In addition,considering the tendency of SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites replacing superalloys as hot section components,the future prospect of ceramic abradables based on Environmental Barrier Coatings(EBCs)in turbine stages is summarized and a new concept of"self-degradable ceramics"based on the corrosive steam environment is proposed for the purpose of high-temperature fillerfree abradables.
基金The authors are grateful to the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21908227,21736010 and 22178363).
文摘The effects of superficial gas velocity and mechanical stirring speed on the precise regulation of flow regimes for cohesive SiO2 powders(mean diameter is 16μm)were experimentally investigated in a stirring-assisted fluidized bed.The results showed that compared with the agglomerates formed in the non-assisted fluidization of cohesive SiO2 powders,the introduction of mechanical stirring could effectively reduce the size of agglomerates and well disperse the agglomerates during fluidization.The best regulation range of agglomerate particulate fluidization can be achieved at 600 rpm when agglomerate sizes were reduced to below 200μm.Further investigation based on the operational phase diagram revealed that transformations of flow regimes were dominated by both stirring speed and gas velocity.The stirring applied enlarges the operational range of agglomerate particulate fluidization(APF)with a delayed onset of bubbling for cohesive particles.However,the exorbitant speed increases the collision velocity and contact area between small agglomerates,which results in the formation of unstable agglomerates and the whirlpool of powder.
文摘Correction to:Frontiers of Optoelectronics(2022)15:49 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-022-00049-w Following publication of the original article[1],the authors identifed an error in the author name of Tong Shan.The given name and family name were erroneously transposed.The incorrect author name is:Shan Tong.The correct author name is:Tong Shan.The author group has been updated above and the original article[1]has been corrected.
基金supported by the National Key Research Program of China(2022YFE0138100)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(52350710208)+8 种基金the Cooperation Foundation of Yulin University and Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(YLU-DNL fund 2022011)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(22279140,U20A20252,U21A20102,62174103)the Innovation Fund Project of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP I202025,DICP I202032)the Cooperation Foundation of Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(DNL202015)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2021-MS-016)the Youth Science and Technology Star Project of Dalian(2021RQ121)the 111 Project(B1404),the Project of Knowledge Innovation Engineering(Y261261606)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK202103106)the Shanxi Science and Technology Department(20201101012).
文摘As a burgeoning energy storage technology,Zn microbatteries(ZMBs)exhibit expansive potential for applications.This article initially presents a method for fabricating ZMBs utilizing interdigitated electrodes,employing advanced techniques such as 3D printing,screen printing,laser etching,and electrodeposition.These methodologies play a crucial role in mitigating anode-related issues,consequently enhancing battery performance.Subsequently,the challenges encountered by ZMBs anodes,including dendrite formation,corrosion passivation,hydrogen evolution,and Zn cycle exfoliation,are thoroughly examined.Lastly,a comprehensive strategy for stabilizing the anode is delineated,encompassing anode material selection,anode structure construction,interface engineering,and electrolyte optimization.In essence,the preparation and fine-tuning of ZMBs present ongoing challenges.With continued research and development efforts,it is anticipated that ZMBs will attain efficient,stable,and secure performance on the microscale,offering enduring and dependable energy solutions for applications in miniature electronic devices and wearable technology.
文摘To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine,experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper.Experiments for four thicknesses(from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm)of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester.Perforation,ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results.Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed,petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region.Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface.Finite Element(FE)models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior.Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions.The evolution of the impact force,energy absorption,temperature increase and the cracks’propagation are analyzed.Three force peaks occur in the impact process.Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.
文摘Spatiotemporal variation of velocity is impor- tant for debris flow dynamics. This paper presents a new method, the trace projection transformation, for accurate, non-contact measurement of a debris-flow surface velocity field based on a combination of dense optical flow and perspective projection transformation. The algorithm for interpreting and processing is implemented in C ＋＋ and realized in Visual Studio 2012. The method allows quantitative analysis of flow motion through videos from various angles （camera positioned at the opposite direction of fluid motion）. It yields the spatiotemporal distribution of surface velocity field at pixel level and thus provides a quantitative description of the surface processes. The trace projection transformation is superior to conventional measurement methods in that it obtains the full surface velocity field by computing the optical flow of all pixels. The result achieves a 90% accuracy of when comparing with the observed values. As a case study, the method is applied to the quantitative analysis of surface velocity field of a specific debris flow.
基金This work is funded by a Key Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Hubei Province of China(No.WJ2019Z007)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2018YFA0108804)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81970650 and 81770753)the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81800661)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20ykpy34)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2020M683083).
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has rapidly spread to most of the world and resulted in a global pandemic.However,there is a paucity of information available to characterize the immunodeficient population in the COVID-19 pandemic,especially information that focuses on patients after renal transplantation as the typical representative of this population.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Civil Aviation Administration of China(No.U1833109)the Innovation Team of Complex System Safety and Airworthiness of Aero Engine from the Co-Innovation Center for Advanced Aeroengine of China。
文摘A probability-based damage tolerance methodology has been proposed to improve the recognition of material anomalies, especially hard alpha(TiN) anomalies for aeroengine rotor disks. A key input to this method is hard alpha anomaly distribution, which reflects the occurrence rate and size of anomalies present in the finished part material of titanium rotors. Since anomalies rarely occur naturally, an experimental method is proposed to obtain the anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks to reflect and equivalently replace the manufacturing development in titanium industry. In general, the anomaly distribution information can be divided into two parts: the Probability of Detection(POD) curve and the detected anomaly distribution, which contains the size and frequency data of the detected anomalies. The distribution can be established based on several appropriate assumptions and derivation steps with different confidence levels of POD curves and detected anomaly distributions. In this case, the distribution can be obtained in a relatively short time as a key input to the probability-based damage tolerance methodology. Then the Probability of Failure(POF) can be calculated, and the value is found to vary with different confidence levels. On this basis, the conservative estimated POF can be obtained in conjunction with confidence levels.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no.2018YFA0703200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.91833304,91833306,21922511,61890940,61922057,and 51873216)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.XDB30000000)the CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (grant no.QYZDY-SSW-SLH029).
文摘Flexible electronics have suggested tremendous potential to shape human lives for more convenience and pleasure.Strenuous efforts have been devoted to developing flexible organic field-effect transistor(FOFET)technologies for rollable displays,bendable smart cards,flexible sensors and artificial skins.However,these applications are still in a nascent stage for lack of standard highperformance material stacks as well as mature manufacturing technologies.In this review,the material choice and device design for FOFET devices and circuits,as well as the demonstrated applications are summarized in detail.Moreover,the technical challenges and potential applications of FOFETs in the future are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant (61334008,61804094,and 61974091)National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars under Grant 61922057the Research Grants Council (RGC)of Hong Kong,China (Project No.C5015-15G).
文摘Developing organic field-effect transistor(OFET)biosensors for customizable detection of biomarkers for many diseases would provide a low-cost and convenient tool for both biological studies and clinical diagnosis.In this work,design principles of the OFET transducer for biosensors were derived to relate the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)to the device-performance parameters.Steep subthreshold swing(SS),proper threshold voltage(Vth),good-enough bias-stress stability,and mechanical durability are shown to be the key prerequisites for realizing OFET bio-sensors of high transconductance efficiency(gm/ID)for large SNR.Combining a low trap-density channel and a high-k/low-k gate dielectric layer,low-temperature(<100℃)solution-processed flexible OFETs can meet the performance requirements to maximize the gm/ID.An extended gate-structure OFET biosensor was further implemented for label-free detection of miR-21,achieving a detection limit below 10 pM with high selectivity at a low operation voltage(<1 V).
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.16JC1400603)
文摘Soft conductive films composed of a silver nanowire（AgNW） network, a neutral-pH PEDOT：PSS overcoating layer and a polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） elastomer substrate are fabricated by large area compatible coating processes. The neutral-pH PEDOT：PSS layer is shown to be able to significantly improve the conductivity,stretchability and air stability of the conductive films. The soft conductive films are patterned using a simple maskless patterning approach to fabricate an 8 x 8 flexible pressure sensor array. It is shown that such soft conductive films can help to improve the sensitivity and reduce the signal crosstalk over the pressure sensor array.
基金support through the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.19JC1412400)the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(No.61922057)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62204154).
文摘Organic photodiodes(OPDs)have shown great promise for potential applications in optical imaging,sensing,and communication due to their wide-range tunable photoelectrical properties,low-temperature facile processes,and excellent mechanical fexibility.Extensive research work has been carried out on exploring materials,device structures,physical mechanisms,and processing approaches to improve the performance of OPDs to the level of their inorganic counterparts.In addition,various system prototypes have been built based on the exhibited and attractive features of OPDs.It is vital to link the device optimal design and engineering to the system requirements and examine the existing defciencies of OPDs towards practical applications,so this review starts from discussions on the required key performance metrics for diferent envisioned applications.Then the fundamentals of the OPD device structures and operation mechanisms are briefy introduced,and the latest development of OPDs for improving the key performance merits is reviewed.Finally,the trials of OPDs for various applications including wearable medical diagnostics,optical imagers,spectrometers,and light communications are reviewed,and both the promises and challenges are revealed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21931008,S.C.21922304,21873072,L.H.,and 21975184,Y.D.)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1200300,S.C.)the Science Foundation of the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.19JC1410300,S.C.).
文摘Chiral quantum dot(in rod)-light-emitting diodes(CQLEDs)with circularly polarized electroluminescence(CPEL)have driven interest in the future display,communication,and storage industries.However,the preparation of CQLEDs is still a challenging unresolved.Herein,we fabricated CQLEDs through spin-coating evaporation of chiral CdSe/CdS quantum rods(CCCQs)colloidal solution on indium tin oxide substrate.The CCCQs were synthesized via an isotropically epitaxial growth with cholic acid as the symmetry breaking agent,which induced one-direction chiral dislocation around the c axis of their hexagonal crystal structure.The CCCQs were ranked side-by-side in right-handed chiral arrangement with helical axis perpendicular to substrate due to chiral driving force of the cholic acid arrangement.The CQLEDs exhibited a negative CPEL signal at 600 nm with a|gEL|of 2×10^(−4),which is ascribable to the selective filtration on emission arising from the circular Bragg resonance by quasi-photonic crystal structures.
