Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-c...Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-cell products and advances in CAR T cell therapy,CAR T cells are expected to be used in a growing number of cases.However,CAR T-cell-associated toxicities can be severe or even fatal,thus compromising the survival benefit from this therapy.Standardizing and studying the clinical management of these toxicities are imperative.In contrast to other hematological malignancies,such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma,anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in B-NHL have several distinctive features,most notably local cytokine-release syndrome(CRS).However,previously published guidelines have provided few specific recommendations for the grading and management of toxicities associated with CAR T-cell treatment for B-NHL.Consequently,we developed this consensus for the prevention,recognition,and management of these toxicities,on the basis of published literature regarding the management of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities and the clinical experience of multiple Chinese institutions.This consensus refines a grading system and classification of CRS in B-NHL and corresponding measures for CRS management,and delineates comprehensive principles and exploratory recommendations for managing anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in addition to CRS.展开更多
Leukemia relapse is still the leading cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Relapsed patients with BALL after ...Leukemia relapse is still the leading cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Relapsed patients with BALL after allo-HSCT have a very short median survival. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is predictive of forthcoming hematological relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT);furthermore, eliminating MRD effectively prevents relapse. Donor lymphoblastic infusion (DLI) is the main established approach to treat B-ALL with MRD after allo-HSCT. However, about one-third of patients with MRD are non-responsive to DLI and their prognosis worsens. Although donor-derived cluster of differentiation (CD)19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) T cells (CART19s) can potentially cure leukemia, the efficiency and safety of infusions with these cells have not yet been investigated in patients with MRD after HSCT. Between September 2014 and February 2018, six patients each received one or more infusions of CART19s from HSCT donors. Five (83.33%) achieved MRD-negative remission, and one case was not responsive to the administration of CAR T cells. Three of the six patients are currently alive without leukemia. No patient developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and no patient died of cytokine release syndrome. Donor-derived CAR T cell infusions seem to be an effective and safe intervention for patients with MRD in B-ALL after allo-HSCT and for those who were not responsive to DLI.展开更多
Advancements in the field of cellular immunotherapy have accelerated in recent years and have changed the treatment landscape for a variety of hematologic malignancies.Cellular immunotherapy strategies exploit the pat...Advancements in the field of cellular immunotherapy have accelerated in recent years and have changed the treatment landscape for a variety of hematologic malignancies.Cellular immunotherapy strategies exploit the patient’s immune system to kill cancer cells.The successful use of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cells in treating B-cell malignancies is the paradigm of this revolution,and numerous ongoing studies are investigating and extending this approach to other malignancies.However,resistance to CAR-Tcell therapy and non-durable efficacy have prevented CAR-T-cells from becoming the ultimate therapy.Because natural killer(NK)cells play an essential role in antitumor immunity,adoptively transferred allogeneic NK and CAR-modified NK cell therapy has been attempted in certain disease subgroups.Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is the oldest form of cellular immunotherapy and the only curative option for hematologic malignancies.Historically,the breadth of application of allo-HSCT has been limited by a lack of identical sibling donors(ISDs).However,great strides have recently been made in the success of haploidentical allografts worldwide,which enable everyone to have a donor.Haploidentical donors can achieve comparable outcomes to those of ISDs and even better outcomes in certain circumstances because of a stronger graft vs.tumor effect.Currently,novel strategies such as CAR-T or NK-based immunotherapy can be applied as a complement to allo-HSCT for curative effects,particularly in refractory cases.Here,we introduce the developments in cellular immunotherapy in hematology.展开更多
In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on t...In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on the high-order theory of transverse vibration of circular cross-section beams,lateral displacement equation was reconstructed neglecting circumferential shear stress.Two equations coupled with deflection and rotation angles were derived based on elastic mechanics theory and further simplified into a constant coefficient differential equation with natural frequency as eigenvalue.Then,differential quadrature method was applied to transform the eigenvalue problem of the derived differential equation into a set of algebraic equation eigenvalue problems.Natural frequencies of the free vibrations of cylindrical beams with circular cross-sections were calculated at one time,and corresponding modal functions were solved together.The obtained numerical results indicated that the natural frequencies of functionally graded(FG)circular cylindrical beams obtained using differential quadrature method agreed with the results reported in related literatures.In addition,influences of varying gradient parameters on the modal shapes of circular cylindrical beams were found to be strongly consistent with previous studies.Numerical results further validated the feasibility and accuracy of the developed differential quadrature method in solving the transverse vibration of FG circular cross-section beams.展开更多
In this paper,we present the concept of Banach-mean equicontinuity and prove that the Banach-,Weyl-and Besicovitch-mean equicontinuities of a dynamic system of Abelian group action are equivalent.Furthermore,we obtain...In this paper,we present the concept of Banach-mean equicontinuity and prove that the Banach-,Weyl-and Besicovitch-mean equicontinuities of a dynamic system of Abelian group action are equivalent.Furthermore,we obtain that the topological entropy of a transitive,almost Banach-mean equicontinuous dynamical system of Abelian group action is zero.As an application of our main result,we show that the topological entropy of the Banach-mean equicontinuous system under the action of an Abelian groups is zero.展开更多
In this paper,we study the proximal relation,regionally proximal relation and Banach proximal relation of a topological dynamical system for amenable group actions.A useful tool is the support of a topological dynamic...In this paper,we study the proximal relation,regionally proximal relation and Banach proximal relation of a topological dynamical system for amenable group actions.A useful tool is the support of a topological dynamical system which is used to study the structure of the Banach proximal relation,and we prove that above three relations all coincide on a Banach mean equicontinuous system generated by an amenable group action.展开更多
The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached...The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached about 1 PWin a 30 fs pulse duration during the experiment.The laser contrast was better than 1010 at 20 ps ahead of the main pulse.In the basic laser foil target interaction,a set of experimental data were collected,including spatially resolved x-ray emission,the image of the coherent transition radiation,the harmonic spectra in the direction of reflection,the energy spectra and beam profile of accelerated protons,hot-electron spectra,and transmitted laser energy fraction and spatial distribution.The experimental results show that the laser intensity reached 531020 W/cm^(2) within a 5.8μm focus(FWHM).Significant laser transmission did not occur when the thickness of theCHfoil was equal to or greater than 50 nm.The maximum energy of the accelerated protons in the target normal direction was roughly unchanged when the target thickness varied between 50 nm and 15μm.The maximum proton energy via the target normal sheath field acceleration mechanism was about 21 MeV.We expect the on-target laser intensity to reach 10^(22) W/cm^(2) in the near future,after optimization of the laser focus and upgrade of the laser power to 3 PW.展开更多
Pancharatnam–Berry(PB)phase metasurface,as a special class of gradient metasurfaces,has been paid much attention owing to the robust performance for phase control of circularly polarized waves.Herein,we present an el...Pancharatnam–Berry(PB)phase metasurface,as a special class of gradient metasurfaces,has been paid much attention owing to the robust performance for phase control of circularly polarized waves.Herein,we present an element-based polarizer for the first step,which enables the incident electromagnetic waves into the cross-polarized waves with the relative bandwidth of 71%,and the polarization conversion ratio exceeds 90%at 6.9–14.5 GHz.Then an eight-elements coding polarizer based on the PB phase is presented for the applications on beam control and radar cross section reduction.The simulated values indicate that the reduction of radar cross section is more than 10 dB at 6–16 GHz.Our work reveals the availability of manipulating the waves,beamforming in communication systems and electromagnetic stealth,and so on.展开更多
Background:Although the need for consolidation chemotherapy after successful induction therapy is well established in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)in first complete remission(CR1),the value of consolidatio...Background:Although the need for consolidation chemotherapy after successful induction therapy is well established in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)in first complete remission(CR1),the value of consolidation chemotherapy before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains controversial.Methods:We retrospectively compared the effect of the number of pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapies on outcomes of human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling stem cell transplantation(MSDT)for patients with AML in CR1 in multicenters across China.In our study,we analyzed data of 373 AML patients in CR1 from three centers across China.Results:With a median follow-up of 969 days,patients with≥3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had higher probabilities of leukemia-free survival(LFS)(85.6%vs.67.0%,P<0.001)and overall survival(89.2%vs.78.5%,P=0.007),and better cumulative incidences of relapse(10.5%vs.19.6%,P=0.020)and non-relapse mortality(4.2%vs.14.9%,P=0.001)than those with≤2 courses of consolidation chemotherapy.Pre-transplantation minimal residual disease-negative patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT with≥3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had a higher probability of LFS(85.9%vs.67.7%,P=0.003)and a lower cumulative incidence of relapse(9.6%vs.23.3%,P=0.013)than those with≤2 courses.Conclusion:Our results indicate that patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT might benefit from pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapy.展开更多
To the Editor:For recipients with relapsed/refractory(R/R)B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)often fails to provide them with a satisfactory prognos...To the Editor:For recipients with relapsed/refractory(R/R)B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)often fails to provide them with a satisfactory prognosis.The chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cells are proven to be safe and effective for these patients.[1]But there are few published studies assessing the advantages of CAR-T compared to traditional chemotherapy as a bridging treatment followed by HSCT.Consequently,we conducted this study to confirm whether children and young adult R/R B-ALL patients with CAR-T therapy could expect a better post-HSCT prognosis,compared to R/R patients only receiving traditional chemotherapy before transplantation.展开更多
Cytogenetic aberrations(CAs)are vital markers for risk stratification of multiple myeloma(MM).The prognostic significance of the aberration,t(11;14)(q13;q32),in MM has remained controversial over recent years.In addit...Cytogenetic aberrations(CAs)are vital markers for risk stratification of multiple myeloma(MM).The prognostic significance of the aberration,t(11;14)(q13;q32),in MM has remained controversial over recent years.In addition,studies on the heterogeneity of t(11;14)MM and the impact of additional CAs are rare.[1]We therefore conducted a retrospective study on relevant data collected at our center in order to further analyze the characteristics of Chinese patients with t(11;14)MM and elaborate on heterogeneity in their genetic profile.展开更多
To the Editor:The fusion gene E2A::HLF(TCF3::HLF)is formed by t(17;19)(q21-22;p13),which presents in<1%of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)and mainly occurs in older children and adolescents.[1]Such patien...To the Editor:The fusion gene E2A::HLF(TCF3::HLF)is formed by t(17;19)(q21-22;p13),which presents in<1%of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)and mainly occurs in older children and adolescents.[1]Such patients were often accompanied by drug resistance and early relapse,which confer an extremely poor prognosis,and even intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)cannot improve their survival.[2]A few studies suggested that chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy or BCL-2 inhibitors might benefit such patients.展开更多
To the Editor:Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is a heterogeneous disease characterized by proliferation of abnormal myeloblasts in the bone marrow.Traditional treatment,such as chemotherapy with or without hematopoietic st...To the Editor:Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is a heterogeneous disease characterized by proliferation of abnormal myeloblasts in the bone marrow.Traditional treatment,such as chemotherapy with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT),has been used as the first-line therapy in AML.However,the clinical outcome of patients with AML varies greatly due to several factors,such as the tumor immune microenvironment(TME).展开更多
This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node...This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node distribution.Firstly,based on the first-order shear deformation theory,the governing equation of free vibration of a functionally graded beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam axial displacement,transverse displacement,and cross-sectional rotation angle by considering the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia of the beam cross-section.Then,ignoring the shear deformation of the beam section and only considering the effect of the rotational inertia of the section,the governing equation of the beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam transverse displacement.Based on the differential quadrature method theory,the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of standard generalized algebraic equations.Finally,the first several natural frequencies of the beam can be calculated.The feasibility and accuracy of the improved DQM are verified using the finite element method(FEM)and combined with the results of relevant literature.展开更多
In order to compare the effect between haploidentical(HID) stem cell transplantation(HSCT) and matched sibling donor(MSD)stem cell transplantation for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML) in first complete remission ...In order to compare the effect between haploidentical(HID) stem cell transplantation(HSCT) and matched sibling donor(MSD)stem cell transplantation for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML) in first complete remission status(CR1), we retrospectively studied 170 cases who received stem cell transplantation from Jan 2008 to Jul 2015 in Peking University People's Hospital. We divided all cases into MSD group(43 cases) and HID(127 cases) group. Patients in HID and MSD group displayed similar baseline characteristics except for age distribution. There were no statistic differences for overall survival(OS), cumulative incidence of relapse, leukemia free survival(LFS), transplantation related mortality(TRM) between HID and MSD group. The 3-year OS, LFS for all patients was 63.9% and 59.7% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that grade III-IV acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD) was an independent risk factor for treatment related mortality(HR=8.134, 95% CI:3.210–20.611, P<0.001), monosomy/complex chromosomal karyotype and white blood cell count more than 50×109 L-1 were two independent factors for relapse(HR=1.533, 95% CI: 1.040–2.260, P=0.031)(HR=1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.008, P=0.015).Grade III-IV aGVHD was an independent factor for mortality(HR=3.184, 95% CI: 1.718–5.902, P<0.001). These results demonstrated some risk factors for high-risk AML leukemia transplantation and indicated for AML patients in CR1 status, haplo stem cell transplantation could have the same therapeutic effect as MSD transplantation.展开更多
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies.In this study,we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish ...Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies.In this study,we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish a training dataset (n=3500) by simple random sampling to develop a weighted risk score for proven or probable IFD through multivariate regression,which included the following variables: male patients,induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or relapsed disease,neutropenia,neutropenia longer than 10 days,hypoalbuminemia,central-venous catheter,and history of IFD.The patients were classified into three groups,which had low (0-10,~1.2%),intermediate (11-15,6.4%),and high risk (> 15,17.5%) of IFD.In the validation set (n=1389),the IFD incidences of the groups were ~1.4%,5.0%,and 21.4%.In addition,we demonstrated that antifungal prophylaxis offered no benefits in low-risk patients,whereas benefits were documented in intermediate (2.1% vs.6.6%,P=0.007) and high-risk patients (8.4% vs.23.3%,P=0.007).To make the risk score applicable for clinical settings,a pre-chemo risk score that deleted all unpredictable factors before chemotherapy was established,and it confirmed that anti-fungal prophylaxis was beneficial in patients with intermediate and high risk of IFD.In conclusion,an objective,weighted risk score for IFD was developed,and it may be useful in guiding antifungal prophylaxis.展开更多
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have long been scarce in China. Haploidentical (haplo) donors are available for the vast majority of patients, but toxici...Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have long been scarce in China. Haploidentical (haplo) donors are available for the vast majority of patients, but toxicity has limited this approach. Three new approaches for haplo-HSCT originated from Italy, China, and USA in 1990 and have been developed to world-renowned system up to now. The Chinese approach have been greatly improved by implementing new individualized conditioning regimens, donor selection based on non-HLA systems, risk-directed strategies for graft-versus-host disease and relapse, and infection management. Haplo-HSCT has exhibited similar efficacy to HLA-matched HSCT and has gradually become the predominant donor source and the first alternative donor choice for allo-HSCT in China. Registry-based analyses and multicenter studies adhering to international standards facilitated the transformation of the unique Chinese experience into an inspiration for the refinement of global practice.This review will focus on how the new era in which "everyone has a donor" will become a reality in China.展开更多
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81830002,81830004,82070168,and 32070951)the Translational Research grant of NCRCH(Grant No.2020ZKZC04)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1100800)。
文摘Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-cell products and advances in CAR T cell therapy,CAR T cells are expected to be used in a growing number of cases.However,CAR T-cell-associated toxicities can be severe or even fatal,thus compromising the survival benefit from this therapy.Standardizing and studying the clinical management of these toxicities are imperative.In contrast to other hematological malignancies,such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma,anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in B-NHL have several distinctive features,most notably local cytokine-release syndrome(CRS).However,previously published guidelines have provided few specific recommendations for the grading and management of toxicities associated with CAR T-cell treatment for B-NHL.Consequently,we developed this consensus for the prevention,recognition,and management of these toxicities,on the basis of published literature regarding the management of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities and the clinical experience of multiple Chinese institutions.This consensus refines a grading system and classification of CRS in B-NHL and corresponding measures for CRS management,and delineates comprehensive principles and exploratory recommendations for managing anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in addition to CRS.
文摘Leukemia relapse is still the leading cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Relapsed patients with BALL after allo-HSCT have a very short median survival. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is predictive of forthcoming hematological relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT);furthermore, eliminating MRD effectively prevents relapse. Donor lymphoblastic infusion (DLI) is the main established approach to treat B-ALL with MRD after allo-HSCT. However, about one-third of patients with MRD are non-responsive to DLI and their prognosis worsens. Although donor-derived cluster of differentiation (CD)19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) T cells (CART19s) can potentially cure leukemia, the efficiency and safety of infusions with these cells have not yet been investigated in patients with MRD after HSCT. Between September 2014 and February 2018, six patients each received one or more infusions of CART19s from HSCT donors. Five (83.33%) achieved MRD-negative remission, and one case was not responsive to the administration of CAR T cells. Three of the six patients are currently alive without leukemia. No patient developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and no patient died of cytokine release syndrome. Donor-derived CAR T cell infusions seem to be an effective and safe intervention for patients with MRD in B-ALL after allo-HSCT and for those who were not responsive to DLI.
基金This work was partly supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81621001)The Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81930004)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0104500).
文摘Advancements in the field of cellular immunotherapy have accelerated in recent years and have changed the treatment landscape for a variety of hematologic malignancies.Cellular immunotherapy strategies exploit the patient’s immune system to kill cancer cells.The successful use of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cells in treating B-cell malignancies is the paradigm of this revolution,and numerous ongoing studies are investigating and extending this approach to other malignancies.However,resistance to CAR-Tcell therapy and non-durable efficacy have prevented CAR-T-cells from becoming the ultimate therapy.Because natural killer(NK)cells play an essential role in antitumor immunity,adoptively transferred allogeneic NK and CAR-modified NK cell therapy has been attempted in certain disease subgroups.Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is the oldest form of cellular immunotherapy and the only curative option for hematologic malignancies.Historically,the breadth of application of allo-HSCT has been limited by a lack of identical sibling donors(ISDs).However,great strides have recently been made in the success of haploidentical allografts worldwide,which enable everyone to have a donor.Haploidentical donors can achieve comparable outcomes to those of ISDs and even better outcomes in certain circumstances because of a stronger graft vs.tumor effect.Currently,novel strategies such as CAR-T or NK-based immunotherapy can be applied as a complement to allo-HSCT for curative effects,particularly in refractory cases.Here,we introduce the developments in cellular immunotherapy in hematology.
基金supported by the National key Research and Development Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2017YFC0404903).
文摘In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on the high-order theory of transverse vibration of circular cross-section beams,lateral displacement equation was reconstructed neglecting circumferential shear stress.Two equations coupled with deflection and rotation angles were derived based on elastic mechanics theory and further simplified into a constant coefficient differential equation with natural frequency as eigenvalue.Then,differential quadrature method was applied to transform the eigenvalue problem of the derived differential equation into a set of algebraic equation eigenvalue problems.Natural frequencies of the free vibrations of cylindrical beams with circular cross-sections were calculated at one time,and corresponding modal functions were solved together.The obtained numerical results indicated that the natural frequencies of functionally graded(FG)circular cylindrical beams obtained using differential quadrature method agreed with the results reported in related literatures.In addition,influences of varying gradient parameters on the modal shapes of circular cylindrical beams were found to be strongly consistent with previous studies.Numerical results further validated the feasibility and accuracy of the developed differential quadrature method in solving the transverse vibration of FG circular cross-section beams.
基金supported by NSF of China(11671057)NSF of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0694)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018CDQYST0023).
文摘In this paper,we present the concept of Banach-mean equicontinuity and prove that the Banach-,Weyl-and Besicovitch-mean equicontinuities of a dynamic system of Abelian group action are equivalent.Furthermore,we obtain that the topological entropy of a transitive,almost Banach-mean equicontinuous dynamical system of Abelian group action is zero.As an application of our main result,we show that the topological entropy of the Banach-mean equicontinuous system under the action of an Abelian groups is zero.
基金supported by NSF of China(11671057)NSF of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0694)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018CDQYST0023)。
文摘In this paper,we study the proximal relation,regionally proximal relation and Banach proximal relation of a topological dynamical system for amenable group actions.A useful tool is the support of a topological dynamical system which is used to study the structure of the Banach proximal relation,and we prove that above three relations all coincide on a Banach mean equicontinuous system generated by an amenable group action.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development(Grant No.2018YFA0404804)the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11805181).
文摘The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached about 1 PWin a 30 fs pulse duration during the experiment.The laser contrast was better than 1010 at 20 ps ahead of the main pulse.In the basic laser foil target interaction,a set of experimental data were collected,including spatially resolved x-ray emission,the image of the coherent transition radiation,the harmonic spectra in the direction of reflection,the energy spectra and beam profile of accelerated protons,hot-electron spectra,and transmitted laser energy fraction and spatial distribution.The experimental results show that the laser intensity reached 531020 W/cm^(2) within a 5.8μm focus(FWHM).Significant laser transmission did not occur when the thickness of theCHfoil was equal to or greater than 50 nm.The maximum energy of the accelerated protons in the target normal direction was roughly unchanged when the target thickness varied between 50 nm and 15μm.The maximum proton energy via the target normal sheath field acceleration mechanism was about 21 MeV.We expect the on-target laser intensity to reach 10^(22) W/cm^(2) in the near future,after optimization of the laser focus and upgrade of the laser power to 3 PW.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42274189)the Project of Science and Technology of Shaanxi(No.2021JM-395).
文摘Pancharatnam–Berry(PB)phase metasurface,as a special class of gradient metasurfaces,has been paid much attention owing to the robust performance for phase control of circularly polarized waves.Herein,we present an element-based polarizer for the first step,which enables the incident electromagnetic waves into the cross-polarized waves with the relative bandwidth of 71%,and the polarization conversion ratio exceeds 90%at 6.9–14.5 GHz.Then an eight-elements coding polarizer based on the PB phase is presented for the applications on beam control and radar cross section reduction.The simulated values indicate that the reduction of radar cross section is more than 10 dB at 6–16 GHz.Our work reveals the availability of manipulating the waves,beamforming in communication systems and electromagnetic stealth,and so on.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC0840606)Ministry of Science and Technology,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82070189,81621001 and 82270227)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2019-I2M-5-034)
文摘Background:Although the need for consolidation chemotherapy after successful induction therapy is well established in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)in first complete remission(CR1),the value of consolidation chemotherapy before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains controversial.Methods:We retrospectively compared the effect of the number of pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapies on outcomes of human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling stem cell transplantation(MSDT)for patients with AML in CR1 in multicenters across China.In our study,we analyzed data of 373 AML patients in CR1 from three centers across China.Results:With a median follow-up of 969 days,patients with≥3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had higher probabilities of leukemia-free survival(LFS)(85.6%vs.67.0%,P<0.001)and overall survival(89.2%vs.78.5%,P=0.007),and better cumulative incidences of relapse(10.5%vs.19.6%,P=0.020)and non-relapse mortality(4.2%vs.14.9%,P=0.001)than those with≤2 courses of consolidation chemotherapy.Pre-transplantation minimal residual disease-negative patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT with≥3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had a higher probability of LFS(85.9%vs.67.7%,P=0.003)and a lower cumulative incidence of relapse(9.6%vs.23.3%,P=0.013)than those with≤2 courses.Conclusion:Our results indicate that patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT might benefit from pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapy.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82070184 and 82270228)sponsored by Beijing Nova Program(No.20220484235)Peking University People’s Hospital Research and Development Funds(No.RDL2021-01)
文摘To the Editor:For recipients with relapsed/refractory(R/R)B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)often fails to provide them with a satisfactory prognosis.The chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cells are proven to be safe and effective for these patients.[1]But there are few published studies assessing the advantages of CAR-T compared to traditional chemotherapy as a bridging treatment followed by HSCT.Consequently,we conducted this study to confirm whether children and young adult R/R B-ALL patients with CAR-T therapy could expect a better post-HSCT prognosis,compared to R/R patients only receiving traditional chemotherapy before transplantation.
基金supported partly by Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2020-2-4082)Peking University People’s Hospital Scientific Research Development Funds(No.RDY2019-33)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82170196)
文摘Cytogenetic aberrations(CAs)are vital markers for risk stratification of multiple myeloma(MM).The prognostic significance of the aberration,t(11;14)(q13;q32),in MM has remained controversial over recent years.In addition,studies on the heterogeneity of t(11;14)MM and the impact of additional CAs are rare.[1]We therefore conducted a retrospective study on relevant data collected at our center in order to further analyze the characteristics of Chinese patients with t(11;14)MM and elaborate on heterogeneity in their genetic profile.
文摘To the Editor:The fusion gene E2A::HLF(TCF3::HLF)is formed by t(17;19)(q21-22;p13),which presents in<1%of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)and mainly occurs in older children and adolescents.[1]Such patients were often accompanied by drug resistance and early relapse,which confer an extremely poor prognosis,and even intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)cannot improve their survival.[2]A few studies suggested that chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy or BCL-2 inhibitors might benefit such patients.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81670166,81870140,82070184,and 81621001)Peking University People’s Hospital Research and Development Funds(No.RDL2021-01)+1 种基金Beijing Life Oasis Public Service Center(No.CARTFR-01)CSH Young Scholars and 3SBio Pharmaceutical joint research project(No.KYC2201001)
文摘To the Editor:Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is a heterogeneous disease characterized by proliferation of abnormal myeloblasts in the bone marrow.Traditional treatment,such as chemotherapy with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT),has been used as the first-line therapy in AML.However,the clinical outcome of patients with AML varies greatly due to several factors,such as the tumor immune microenvironment(TME).
基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085QD124)Anhui Province University Natural Science Research Project(GrantNo.2023AH050918)The University Outstanding Youth Talent Support Program of Anhui Province.
文摘This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node distribution.Firstly,based on the first-order shear deformation theory,the governing equation of free vibration of a functionally graded beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam axial displacement,transverse displacement,and cross-sectional rotation angle by considering the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia of the beam cross-section.Then,ignoring the shear deformation of the beam section and only considering the effect of the rotational inertia of the section,the governing equation of the beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam transverse displacement.Based on the differential quadrature method theory,the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of standard generalized algebraic equations.Finally,the first several natural frequencies of the beam can be calculated.The feasibility and accuracy of the improved DQM are verified using the finite element method(FEM)and combined with the results of relevant literature.
文摘In order to compare the effect between haploidentical(HID) stem cell transplantation(HSCT) and matched sibling donor(MSD)stem cell transplantation for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML) in first complete remission status(CR1), we retrospectively studied 170 cases who received stem cell transplantation from Jan 2008 to Jul 2015 in Peking University People's Hospital. We divided all cases into MSD group(43 cases) and HID(127 cases) group. Patients in HID and MSD group displayed similar baseline characteristics except for age distribution. There were no statistic differences for overall survival(OS), cumulative incidence of relapse, leukemia free survival(LFS), transplantation related mortality(TRM) between HID and MSD group. The 3-year OS, LFS for all patients was 63.9% and 59.7% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that grade III-IV acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD) was an independent risk factor for treatment related mortality(HR=8.134, 95% CI:3.210–20.611, P<0.001), monosomy/complex chromosomal karyotype and white blood cell count more than 50×109 L-1 were two independent factors for relapse(HR=1.533, 95% CI: 1.040–2.260, P=0.031)(HR=1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.008, P=0.015).Grade III-IV aGVHD was an independent factor for mortality(HR=3.184, 95% CI: 1.718–5.902, P<0.001). These results demonstrated some risk factors for high-risk AML leukemia transplantation and indicated for AML patients in CR1 status, haplo stem cell transplantation could have the same therapeutic effect as MSD transplantation.
文摘Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies.In this study,we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish a training dataset (n=3500) by simple random sampling to develop a weighted risk score for proven or probable IFD through multivariate regression,which included the following variables: male patients,induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or relapsed disease,neutropenia,neutropenia longer than 10 days,hypoalbuminemia,central-venous catheter,and history of IFD.The patients were classified into three groups,which had low (0-10,~1.2%),intermediate (11-15,6.4%),and high risk (> 15,17.5%) of IFD.In the validation set (n=1389),the IFD incidences of the groups were ~1.4%,5.0%,and 21.4%.In addition,we demonstrated that antifungal prophylaxis offered no benefits in low-risk patients,whereas benefits were documented in intermediate (2.1% vs.6.6%,P=0.007) and high-risk patients (8.4% vs.23.3%,P=0.007).To make the risk score applicable for clinical settings,a pre-chemo risk score that deleted all unpredictable factors before chemotherapy was established,and it confirmed that anti-fungal prophylaxis was beneficial in patients with intermediate and high risk of IFD.In conclusion,an objective,weighted risk score for IFD was developed,and it may be useful in guiding antifungal prophylaxis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81873445, 81470342, and 81670168)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81621001)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81530046 and 81230013).
文摘Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have long been scarce in China. Haploidentical (haplo) donors are available for the vast majority of patients, but toxicity has limited this approach. Three new approaches for haplo-HSCT originated from Italy, China, and USA in 1990 and have been developed to world-renowned system up to now. The Chinese approach have been greatly improved by implementing new individualized conditioning regimens, donor selection based on non-HLA systems, risk-directed strategies for graft-versus-host disease and relapse, and infection management. Haplo-HSCT has exhibited similar efficacy to HLA-matched HSCT and has gradually become the predominant donor source and the first alternative donor choice for allo-HSCT in China. Registry-based analyses and multicenter studies adhering to international standards facilitated the transformation of the unique Chinese experience into an inspiration for the refinement of global practice.This review will focus on how the new era in which "everyone has a donor" will become a reality in China.
