MicroRNAs are abundant in the brains of vertebrates and some show a brain-specific or brain-enriched expression pattern. Because microRNAs regulate the expression of hundreds of target genes, it is not surprising that...MicroRNAs are abundant in the brains of vertebrates and some show a brain-specific or brain-enriched expression pattern. Because microRNAs regulate the expression of hundreds of target genes, it is not surprising that they have profoundly important functions in brain development and pathological processes. For example, miR-124 plays an important role in inducing and maintaining neuronal identity through targeting at least two anti-neural factors. MicroRNAs have also been implicated in brain disorders, including brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to present an overview of the expression profiles and functions of microRNAs in the developing brains of vertebrates.展开更多
Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are cruc...Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are crucial for their more sustainable implementation.Here,we propose tobacco as a promising energy crop because of its exceptional water solubility,mainly attributed to a high proportion of water-soluble carbohydrates and nitrogen,less lignocellulose,and the presence of acids.We then designed a strategy that maximizes biomass conversion into bio-based products while minimizing energy and material inputs.By autoclaving tobacco leaves in water,we obtained a nutrient-rich medium capable of supporting the growth of microorganisms and the production of bioproducts without the need for extensive pretreatment,hydrolysis,or additional supplements.Additionally,cultivating tobacco on barren lands can generate sufficient biomass to produce approximately 573 billion gallons of ethanol per year.This approach also leads to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 76%compared to traditional corn stover during biorefinery processes.Therefore,our study presents a novel and direct strategy that could significantly contribute to the goal of reducing carbon emissions and global sustainable development compared to traditional methods.展开更多
基金the Key Basic Research Developing Project of China (973 Project), No.2007CB947001the State High Technology Development and Research Project of China (863 Project), No.2008AA02Z115+1 种基金the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.30430240Shanghai Metropolitan Fund for Research and Development, No. 04DZ14005,04JC14096
文摘MicroRNAs are abundant in the brains of vertebrates and some show a brain-specific or brain-enriched expression pattern. Because microRNAs regulate the expression of hundreds of target genes, it is not surprising that they have profoundly important functions in brain development and pathological processes. For example, miR-124 plays an important role in inducing and maintaining neuronal identity through targeting at least two anti-neural factors. MicroRNAs have also been implicated in brain disorders, including brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to present an overview of the expression profiles and functions of microRNAs in the developing brains of vertebrates.
基金financial supports from the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(numbers ZR2020JQ11 and ZR2023QC246)the Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(number QNESL OP202308)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(numbers NSF32170084 and NSF32170387)Young Taishan Scholars(number TSQN201909159)the Novo Nordisk Fonden(number NNF20CC0035580)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(number ASTIP-TRIC02)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(number Y2021063).
文摘Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are crucial for their more sustainable implementation.Here,we propose tobacco as a promising energy crop because of its exceptional water solubility,mainly attributed to a high proportion of water-soluble carbohydrates and nitrogen,less lignocellulose,and the presence of acids.We then designed a strategy that maximizes biomass conversion into bio-based products while minimizing energy and material inputs.By autoclaving tobacco leaves in water,we obtained a nutrient-rich medium capable of supporting the growth of microorganisms and the production of bioproducts without the need for extensive pretreatment,hydrolysis,or additional supplements.Additionally,cultivating tobacco on barren lands can generate sufficient biomass to produce approximately 573 billion gallons of ethanol per year.This approach also leads to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 76%compared to traditional corn stover during biorefinery processes.Therefore,our study presents a novel and direct strategy that could significantly contribute to the goal of reducing carbon emissions and global sustainable development compared to traditional methods.
