Formamidine lead triiodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskites have become the most promising photovoltaic materials for perovskite solar cells with record power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,random nucleation,phase transition...Formamidine lead triiodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskites have become the most promising photovoltaic materials for perovskite solar cells with record power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,random nucleation,phase transition,and lattice defects are still the key challenges limiting the quality of FAPbI_(3) films.Previous studies show that the introduction or adding of seeds in the precursor is effective to promote the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite films.Nevertheless,the seed-assisted approach focuses on heterogeneous seeds or hetero-composites,which inevitably induce a lattice-mismatch,the genera-tion of strain or defects,and the phase segregation in the perovskite films.Herein,we first demonstrate that high-quality perovskite films are controllably prepared using α-and δ-phases mixed FAPbI_(3) micro-crystal as the homogeneous seeds with the one-step antisolvent method.The partially dissolved seeds with suitable sizes improve the crystallinity of the perovskite flm with preferable orientation,improved carrier lifetime,and increased carrier mobility.More importantly,the α-phase-containing seeds promote the formation of α-phase FAPbI_(3) films,leading to the reduction of residual lattice strain and the suppres-sion of I-ion migration.Besides,the adding of dimethyl 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylate(DPD)into the pre-cursor further suppresses the generation of defects,contributing to the PCE of devices prepared in air ambient being significantly improved to 23.75%,among the highest PCEs for fully air-processed FAPbI_(3) solar cells.The unpackaged target devices possess a high stability,maintaining 80%of the initial PCE under simulated solar illumination exceeding 800 h.展开更多
Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health worldwide.The aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-gluc...Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health worldwide.The aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan(FLA),in a concanavalin A(Con A)-induced AIH mouse model and to determine the underlying liver-protective mechanism.The results showed that compared with the model group,the level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum of FLA pretreated mice was significantly decreased,and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in liver,thymus and spleen was significantly reduced.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting showed that FLA pre-treatment inhibited the Con A-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by down-regulating the expression of BAX and up-regulating the expression of BCL-2.Further research found that FLA may improve liver injury in mice by activating NRF2 signaling pathway and inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway.Thus,FLA may improve liver injury in mice by shifting gut microbial composition to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and prevent the necrosis of hepatocytes.Up-regulation of NRF2 signaling pathway,down-regulation of TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway,and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Ligilactobacillus_murinus play a protective role in liver.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the common most malignant tumors.This study aimed to determine the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of cordycepin and elucidate its mechanism of action.The results of in ...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the common most malignant tumors.This study aimed to determine the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of cordycepin and elucidate its mechanism of action.The results of in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that cordycepin inhibited proliferation and migration in HepG-2 cells and inhibited the growth of HepG-2 xenograft-bearing nude mice by inducing apoptosis.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed a total of 403 differential genes,which revealed that cordycepin may play an anti-HCC role by regulating Hippo signaling pathway.The regulatory effects of cordycepin on the Hippo signaling pathway was further investigated using a YAP1 inhibitor.The results demonstrated that cordycepin upregulated the expression of MST1 and LAST1,and subsequently inhibited YAP1,which activated the Hippo signaling pathway.This in turn downregulated the expression of GBP3 and ETV5,and subsequently inhibited cell proliferation and migration.Additionally,YAP1 regulated the expression of Bax and Bcl-2,regulated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway,and induced apoptosis by upregulating the expression of the caspase-3 protein.In summary,this study reveals that cordycepin exerts its anti-hepatocarcinoma effect through regulating Hippo signaling pathway,and GBP3 and ETV5 may be potential therapeutic targets for hepatocarcinoma.展开更多
目的从提取过三七总皂苷的工业药渣中提取、分离三七多糖,考察其吸湿、保湿性能及体外抗氧化活性。方法以工业三七药渣为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取三七粗多糖(crude polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,CPPN),DEAE Sepharose Fast F...目的从提取过三七总皂苷的工业药渣中提取、分离三七多糖,考察其吸湿、保湿性能及体外抗氧化活性。方法以工业三七药渣为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取三七粗多糖(crude polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,CPPN),DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow分离纯化CPPN。以甘油和海藻酸钠为对照,测定三七多糖在相对湿度(relative humidity,RH)为43%和81%下的吸湿性能及干燥硅胶环境下的保湿性能。以DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基和羟基自由基清除试验考察三七多糖体外抗氧化活性。结果CPPN经DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow分离得到一种中性多糖(neutral polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,NPPN)和三种酸性多糖(acid polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,APPN),分别命名为NPPN、APPNⅠ、APPNII和APPNⅢ,其得率分别为27.68%、11.89%、15.41%和21.04%。在RH为43%时,吸湿率为甘油>APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>CPPN>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>NPPN;在RH为81%时,吸湿率为甘油>APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>CPPN>NPPN;APPNⅢ吸湿性优于海藻酸钠。在干燥硅胶环境中,保湿率为APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>CPPN>APPNⅡ>甘油>APPNⅠ>NPPN。对DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基清除率为CPPN>APPNⅠ>APPNⅢ>APPNⅡ>NPPN,对羟基自由基清除率为CPPN>APPNⅢ>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>NPPN。结论CPPN及分离得到的各组分多糖均有一定吸湿、保湿性能和体外抗氧化活性,其中APPNⅢ吸湿保湿性能最强,CPPN体外抗氧化活性最强。展开更多
This study explored the therapeutic effects of Auricularia auricula melanin(AAM)on alcoholic liver damage in vitro and in vivo.Human normal liver L02 cells were pre-treated with ethanol and then treated with AAM to ex...This study explored the therapeutic effects of Auricularia auricula melanin(AAM)on alcoholic liver damage in vitro and in vivo.Human normal liver L02 cells were pre-treated with ethanol and then treated with AAM to explore the therapeutic effect of AAM on ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury.The results show that AAM signifi cantly elevated the cell viability,ameliorated the cell morphology,reduced the ROS and increased the GSH/GSSG of ethanol-pretreated L02 cells.Then,mice were administered with ethanol to induce acute alcoholic liver damage,and administered with AAM to further study the therapeutic effect of AAM on alcoholic liver damage in mice.As a result,AAM reduced the levels of ALT,AST,TG,and MDA,increased the levels of ADH,SOD,and CAT in liver damage mice.The therapeutic effect of AAM may be related to inhibition of CYP2E1 expression and activation of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidase.The research enriched the bioactivity of AAM and provided some ideas for the development of melanin-related health foods.展开更多
Trametes lactinea mycelia polysaccharides(TLMPS)have a wide range of bioactivities.The potential mechanisms of action of TLMPS against acute alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo were investigated by analyzing the phys...Trametes lactinea mycelia polysaccharides(TLMPS)have a wide range of bioactivities.The potential mechanisms of action of TLMPS against acute alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo were investigated by analyzing the physical and chemical properties of TLMPS and its protective effects on a mouse model of alcoholic liver injury.TLMPS protected the liver against alcohol-induced injury,as evidenced by the reduced alcohol-induced elevation of the liver index,serum biochemical indices,and maintenance of hepatic morphology.Potential mechanisms were analyzed using transcriptome and metabolome analyses.The transcriptome data revealed the involvement of many differentially expressed genes in chemical carcinogenesis,drug metabolism,and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450.The metabolome analysis revealed that TLMPS significantly regulated specific metabolites in the liver,including organic acids,lipids,nucleosides,and organic oxygen compounds.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed the signifi cant involvement of different metabolites in choline metabolism,ATP-binding cassette transporters,and glycerophospholipid metabolism.Assessment of the changes in gene expression and metabolites revealed the significantly different expression of several genes encoding key enzymes and metabolites in choline metabolism pathway.The collective fi ndings confi rmed that choline metabolism plays an important role in the protective effects of TLMPS against acute alcoholic liver injury.展开更多
Based on the observation data of CHAMP satellite from 2006 to 2009, a 2D crustal magnetic anomaly model in China is established to study the distribution characteristics of crustal magnetic anomaly. In this paper, the...Based on the observation data of CHAMP satellite from 2006 to 2009, a 2D crustal magnetic anomaly model in China is established to study the distribution characteristics of crustal magnetic anomaly. In this paper, the 2D anomaly model is derived from the Legendre polynomial expansion of harmonic term N =6-50. The result shows that many elaborate structures reflected in magnetic anomaly map well correspond to the geologic structures in China and its adjacent area. The magnetic anomaly at low satellite height behaves complexly, which is mainly caused by the magnetic disturbance of shallow rocks.In contrast, the magnetic field isolines at high satellite height are relatively sparse and only magnetic anomalies of deep crust are reflected. This fact implies that the 2D model of crustal magnetic anomaly provides an important method of the space prolongation of geomagnetic field, and is of theoretical and practice importance in geologic structure analysis and geophysical prospecting.展开更多
Seismic and magnetotelluric field campaigns carried out across the Himalaya and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau show mid-crustal low resistivity and low-velocity zones.Whether these anomalies indicate that there are molte...Seismic and magnetotelluric field campaigns carried out across the Himalaya and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau show mid-crustal low resistivity and low-velocity zones.Whether these anomalies indicate that there are molten zones present in the Tibet crust is a focus of geophysical and petrological research.Previous interpretations of MT data to infer melt fractions are often based on presumed electrical conductivity values of partial melt.Temperature,pressure,especially water content in the melt influences the melt conductivity and affects the inferred melt fractions in areas of Tibet.So accurate constraints are essential.In addition,a variety of equations have been proposed to model the conductivity of partially molten rocks in Tibetan crust.However,different rock electrical models relate to different lithological parameters of rocks.So we need to find an appropriate rock electrical model that can apply to Tibet crust.In this study,we use a general electrical conductivity model developed by the global fitting of experimental data in previous study and set up a range of temperature,pressure,and water content for five regions in Tibet.What’s more,using three widely used rock electrical models to figure out corresponding melt fractions in areas of Tibet.We find the most applicable rock electrical model in this region and know better about the distribution and morphology of medium in Tibetan crust.展开更多
This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and...This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and T-intersections. The analysis concluded that the optimized Green-Wave traffic theory is favorable to improve road safety and reduce vehicle fuel consumption and reduce vehicle emissions and other aspects.展开更多
With the development of geophysical exploration technology,the anisotropy of underground media has got more and more attention.At present,there are few studies on the anisotropy of the induced polarization method.This...With the development of geophysical exploration technology,the anisotropy of underground media has got more and more attention.At present,there are few studies on the anisotropy of the induced polarization method.This article explores the effect of anisotropy on the underground media of the induced polarization method under three-dimensional complex terrain.The research work transforms the underground electric field control equation into a variational problem,and use the unstructured finite element method to construct a large linear equation system for solving electric potentials.By the sparse matrix compression technique and symmetric successive over-relaxation preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm(SSOR-PCG)to solve the equation system.Finally,the article uses the classic central gradient array method to obtain the forward apparent polarizability value.The calculation results of the model find that different anisotropic conditions will significantly affect the forward results which show a strong directional correlation,revealing the importance of considering anisotropy in practical work.展开更多
Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological tumor.It is characterized by high drug resistance,easy recurrence,and poor prognosis,and remains incurable.Various models or scoring modalities can be used t...Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological tumor.It is characterized by high drug resistance,easy recurrence,and poor prognosis,and remains incurable.Various models or scoring modalities can be used to predict the survival prognosis of MM patients;however,these predictions are still not accurate enough.We have previously found that scorings related to bone marrow microenvironment metabolism can improve predictive efficacy.展开更多
In recent years,countries worldwide have actively advocated electric vehicles for environmental protection.How-ever,restrictions on the driving range and charging have hampered the promotion of electric vehicles.This ...In recent years,countries worldwide have actively advocated electric vehicles for environmental protection.How-ever,restrictions on the driving range and charging have hampered the promotion of electric vehicles.This study proposes a portable,auxiliary photovoltaic power system based on a foldable scissors mechanism for electric vehicles.The system includes a photovoltaic power generation module and an electricity transfer module.The photovoltaic power generation module built based on a foldable scissors mechanism is five times smaller than in its unfolded state,improving its portability in its folded state.The electricity transfer module transfers electricity into the cabin via wireless power transfer units and stores electricity in supercapacitors.Solar simulation exper-iments were conducted to evaluate the system’s performance:maximum output power of 1.736 W is measured when the load is 5Ω,while maximum wireless power transfer efficiency is up to 57.7% with 10Ω load.An elec-tric vehicle in Chengdu city was simulated for a case study.The results show that the annual output of a single photovoltaic power system can drive the MINIEV for 423.625 km,indicating that the proposed system would be able to supply power for electric vehicles as an auxiliary power supply system.展开更多
Background Habitat degradation and flow regime alterations are two of the most prominent and common impact factors to freshwater mussel populations.Knowledge of the correlation between freshwater mussel distribution,d...Background Habitat degradation and flow regime alterations are two of the most prominent and common impact factors to freshwater mussel populations.Knowledge of the correlation between freshwater mussel distribution,density and habitat characteristics is important for maintaining and restoring their biodiversity and ecological functions.Information on predicting habitat suitability of freshwater mussels is lacking in China.Here,we aimed to analyze the correlation between freshwater mussel density and complex hydraulic and physicochemical variables to predict habitat suitability.Results The results showed that four complex hydraulic variables(boundary Reynolds number,critical shear stress,bed roughness and mean sediment particle size)and four physicochemical variables(water temperature,chlorophylla,transparency and pH)were key factors for predicting habitat suitability of freshwater mussels.Freshwater mussel density was significantly correlated with Froude number,water temperature and chlorophyll-a.Conclusions Our results confirmed that higher freshwater mussel density would be associated with areas that are stable in complex hydraulic and physicochemical variables.These results provide an important insight into the conservation of freshwater mussel diversity and their habitat restoration in China and globally.展开更多
Osmotic pressure is vital to many physiological activities,such as cell proliferation,wound healing and disease treatment.However,how cells interact with the extracellular matrix(ECM)when subjected to osmotic shock re...Osmotic pressure is vital to many physiological activities,such as cell proliferation,wound healing and disease treatment.However,how cells interact with the extracellular matrix(ECM)when subjected to osmotic shock remains unclear.Here,we visualize the mechanical interactions between cells and the ECM during osmotic shock by quantifying the dynamic evolution of the cell traction force.We show that both hypertonic and hypotonic shocks induce continuous and large changes in cell traction force.Moreover,the traction force varies with cell volume:the traction force increases as cells shrink and decreases as cells swell.However,the direction of the traction force is independent of cell volume changes and is always toward the center of the cell-substrate interface.Furthermore,we reveal a mechanical mechanism in which the change in cortical tension caused by osmotic shock leads to the variation in traction force,which suggests a simple method for measuring changes in cell cortical tension.These findings provide new insights into the mechanical force response of cells to the external environment and may provide a deeper understanding of how the ECM regulates cell structure and function.展开更多
In this review, acritical look at the research progress ofexperimentalsolid mechanics in China for the past years is presented. Issues are discussed of the discovery and development of new fundamental methods and tech...In this review, acritical look at the research progress ofexperimentalsolid mechanics in China for the past years is presented. Issues are discussed of the discovery and development of new fundamental methods and techniques versus performance benchmarking for many of their applications. Included herein are photoelasticity and various forms of modern photomechanics, acoustical techniques, image processing and videometrics, radial and spectrum techniques, and experimental mechanics on micro/nano scale. It is also noticed that both the ever developed instrumentation and specialized synthetical techniques have played important roles in advancing experimental mechanics in scientific researches and industrial applications. Finally, an attempt is made to look into the future of experimental solid mechanics with personal opinions offered on what the future trends will be for the researches in the field.展开更多
The mechanical force between cells and the extracellular microenvironment is crucial to many physiological processes such as cancer metastasis and stem cell differentiation. Mitosis plays an essential role in all thes...The mechanical force between cells and the extracellular microenvironment is crucial to many physiological processes such as cancer metastasis and stem cell differentiation. Mitosis plays an essential role in all these processes and thus an in-depth understanding of forces during mitosis gains insight into disease diagnosis and disease treatment. Here, we develop a traction force microscope method based on monolayer fluorescent beads for measuring the weak traction force (tens of Pa) of mitotic cells in three dimensions. We quantify traction forces of human ovarian granulosa (KGN) cells exerted on the extracellular matrix throughout the entire cell cycle in three dimensions. Our measurements reveal how forces vary during the cell cycle, especially during cell division. Furthermore, we study the effect of paclitaxel (PTX) and nocodazole (NDZ) on mitotic KGN cells through the measurement of traction forces. Our results show that mitotic cells with high concentrations of PTX exert a larger force than those with high concentrations of NDZ, which proved to be caused by changes in the structure and number of microtubules. These findings reveal the key functions of microtubule in generating traction forces during cell mitosis and explain how dividing cells regulate themselves in response to anti-mitosis drugs. This work provides a powerful tool for investigating cell-matrix interactions during mitosis and may offer a potential way to new therapies for cancer.展开更多
Navigation with sensor networks has shown many advantages and great potential in many scenarios. Previous works have mainly focused on selecting the shortest path to navigate an internal user out of an emergency field...Navigation with sensor networks has shown many advantages and great potential in many scenarios. Previous works have mainly focused on selecting the shortest path to navigate an internal user out of an emergency field. However, they did not consider variations of the dangerous areas which usually occur in practical applications. This paper presents an efficient dynamic routing algorithm to successfully guide users to the destination exit. The navigation goal is looking for a safe and short path to enable the user to escape from a dangerous area as fast as possible. Without knowing the locations of the nodes, the user is guided by a sequence of sensor nodes to pass through the dangerous areas. The algorithm ensures the navigation path security by predicting the dynamic changes affecting the navigation path. The performance of this approach is evaluated using extensive simulations to validate its effectiveness. Simulations show that the approach is scalable and performs well in various settings.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61604131,62025403)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY19F040009)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang SciTech University (23062120-Y)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Saving Technology of Zhejiang Province (ZJS-OP-2020-07)
文摘Formamidine lead triiodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskites have become the most promising photovoltaic materials for perovskite solar cells with record power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,random nucleation,phase transition,and lattice defects are still the key challenges limiting the quality of FAPbI_(3) films.Previous studies show that the introduction or adding of seeds in the precursor is effective to promote the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite films.Nevertheless,the seed-assisted approach focuses on heterogeneous seeds or hetero-composites,which inevitably induce a lattice-mismatch,the genera-tion of strain or defects,and the phase segregation in the perovskite films.Herein,we first demonstrate that high-quality perovskite films are controllably prepared using α-and δ-phases mixed FAPbI_(3) micro-crystal as the homogeneous seeds with the one-step antisolvent method.The partially dissolved seeds with suitable sizes improve the crystallinity of the perovskite flm with preferable orientation,improved carrier lifetime,and increased carrier mobility.More importantly,the α-phase-containing seeds promote the formation of α-phase FAPbI_(3) films,leading to the reduction of residual lattice strain and the suppres-sion of I-ion migration.Besides,the adding of dimethyl 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylate(DPD)into the pre-cursor further suppresses the generation of defects,contributing to the PCE of devices prepared in air ambient being significantly improved to 23.75%,among the highest PCEs for fully air-processed FAPbI_(3) solar cells.The unpackaged target devices possess a high stability,maintaining 80%of the initial PCE under simulated solar illumination exceeding 800 h.
基金supported by the Shanghai Lithy One-Health Group Technology Co.,Ltd.,Project(114-KH210230A)。
文摘Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health worldwide.The aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan(FLA),in a concanavalin A(Con A)-induced AIH mouse model and to determine the underlying liver-protective mechanism.The results showed that compared with the model group,the level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum of FLA pretreated mice was significantly decreased,and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in liver,thymus and spleen was significantly reduced.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting showed that FLA pre-treatment inhibited the Con A-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by down-regulating the expression of BAX and up-regulating the expression of BCL-2.Further research found that FLA may improve liver injury in mice by activating NRF2 signaling pathway and inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway.Thus,FLA may improve liver injury in mice by shifting gut microbial composition to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and prevent the necrosis of hepatocytes.Up-regulation of NRF2 signaling pathway,down-regulation of TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway,and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Ligilactobacillus_murinus play a protective role in liver.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81503187)。
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the common most malignant tumors.This study aimed to determine the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of cordycepin and elucidate its mechanism of action.The results of in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that cordycepin inhibited proliferation and migration in HepG-2 cells and inhibited the growth of HepG-2 xenograft-bearing nude mice by inducing apoptosis.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed a total of 403 differential genes,which revealed that cordycepin may play an anti-HCC role by regulating Hippo signaling pathway.The regulatory effects of cordycepin on the Hippo signaling pathway was further investigated using a YAP1 inhibitor.The results demonstrated that cordycepin upregulated the expression of MST1 and LAST1,and subsequently inhibited YAP1,which activated the Hippo signaling pathway.This in turn downregulated the expression of GBP3 and ETV5,and subsequently inhibited cell proliferation and migration.Additionally,YAP1 regulated the expression of Bax and Bcl-2,regulated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway,and induced apoptosis by upregulating the expression of the caspase-3 protein.In summary,this study reveals that cordycepin exerts its anti-hepatocarcinoma effect through regulating Hippo signaling pathway,and GBP3 and ETV5 may be potential therapeutic targets for hepatocarcinoma.
文摘目的从提取过三七总皂苷的工业药渣中提取、分离三七多糖,考察其吸湿、保湿性能及体外抗氧化活性。方法以工业三七药渣为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取三七粗多糖(crude polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,CPPN),DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow分离纯化CPPN。以甘油和海藻酸钠为对照,测定三七多糖在相对湿度(relative humidity,RH)为43%和81%下的吸湿性能及干燥硅胶环境下的保湿性能。以DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基和羟基自由基清除试验考察三七多糖体外抗氧化活性。结果CPPN经DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow分离得到一种中性多糖(neutral polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,NPPN)和三种酸性多糖(acid polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng,APPN),分别命名为NPPN、APPNⅠ、APPNII和APPNⅢ,其得率分别为27.68%、11.89%、15.41%和21.04%。在RH为43%时,吸湿率为甘油>APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>CPPN>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>NPPN;在RH为81%时,吸湿率为甘油>APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>CPPN>NPPN;APPNⅢ吸湿性优于海藻酸钠。在干燥硅胶环境中,保湿率为APPNⅢ>海藻酸钠>CPPN>APPNⅡ>甘油>APPNⅠ>NPPN。对DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基清除率为CPPN>APPNⅠ>APPNⅢ>APPNⅡ>NPPN,对羟基自由基清除率为CPPN>APPNⅢ>APPNⅡ>APPNⅠ>NPPN。结论CPPN及分离得到的各组分多糖均有一定吸湿、保湿性能和体外抗氧化活性,其中APPNⅢ吸湿保湿性能最强,CPPN体外抗氧化活性最强。
基金This work was financially supported by the Special Fund Project for Technological Innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(CXZX2019055G)the Science and Technology Project on Social Development of Cixi(CN2020027).
文摘This study explored the therapeutic effects of Auricularia auricula melanin(AAM)on alcoholic liver damage in vitro and in vivo.Human normal liver L02 cells were pre-treated with ethanol and then treated with AAM to explore the therapeutic effect of AAM on ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury.The results show that AAM signifi cantly elevated the cell viability,ameliorated the cell morphology,reduced the ROS and increased the GSH/GSSG of ethanol-pretreated L02 cells.Then,mice were administered with ethanol to induce acute alcoholic liver damage,and administered with AAM to further study the therapeutic effect of AAM on alcoholic liver damage in mice.As a result,AAM reduced the levels of ALT,AST,TG,and MDA,increased the levels of ADH,SOD,and CAT in liver damage mice.The therapeutic effect of AAM may be related to inhibition of CYP2E1 expression and activation of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidase.The research enriched the bioactivity of AAM and provided some ideas for the development of melanin-related health foods.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2019YFC1710501)the construction of a modern agricultural industrial technology system in Fujian province and an expert workstation of the modern edible mushroom industrial technology systeminvolving Pleurotus pulmonarius and Ganoderma lucidum(project number Minnong General[2019]no.144).
文摘Trametes lactinea mycelia polysaccharides(TLMPS)have a wide range of bioactivities.The potential mechanisms of action of TLMPS against acute alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo were investigated by analyzing the physical and chemical properties of TLMPS and its protective effects on a mouse model of alcoholic liver injury.TLMPS protected the liver against alcohol-induced injury,as evidenced by the reduced alcohol-induced elevation of the liver index,serum biochemical indices,and maintenance of hepatic morphology.Potential mechanisms were analyzed using transcriptome and metabolome analyses.The transcriptome data revealed the involvement of many differentially expressed genes in chemical carcinogenesis,drug metabolism,and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450.The metabolome analysis revealed that TLMPS significantly regulated specific metabolites in the liver,including organic acids,lipids,nucleosides,and organic oxygen compounds.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed the signifi cant involvement of different metabolites in choline metabolism,ATP-binding cassette transporters,and glycerophospholipid metabolism.Assessment of the changes in gene expression and metabolites revealed the significantly different expression of several genes encoding key enzymes and metabolites in choline metabolism pathway.The collective fi ndings confi rmed that choline metabolism plays an important role in the protective effects of TLMPS against acute alcoholic liver injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41274079,41074048,41374076)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2012AA061403,2012AA09A201)
文摘Based on the observation data of CHAMP satellite from 2006 to 2009, a 2D crustal magnetic anomaly model in China is established to study the distribution characteristics of crustal magnetic anomaly. In this paper, the 2D anomaly model is derived from the Legendre polynomial expansion of harmonic term N =6-50. The result shows that many elaborate structures reflected in magnetic anomaly map well correspond to the geologic structures in China and its adjacent area. The magnetic anomaly at low satellite height behaves complexly, which is mainly caused by the magnetic disturbance of shallow rocks.In contrast, the magnetic field isolines at high satellite height are relatively sparse and only magnetic anomalies of deep crust are reflected. This fact implies that the 2D model of crustal magnetic anomaly provides an important method of the space prolongation of geomagnetic field, and is of theoretical and practice importance in geologic structure analysis and geophysical prospecting.
文摘Seismic and magnetotelluric field campaigns carried out across the Himalaya and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau show mid-crustal low resistivity and low-velocity zones.Whether these anomalies indicate that there are molten zones present in the Tibet crust is a focus of geophysical and petrological research.Previous interpretations of MT data to infer melt fractions are often based on presumed electrical conductivity values of partial melt.Temperature,pressure,especially water content in the melt influences the melt conductivity and affects the inferred melt fractions in areas of Tibet.So accurate constraints are essential.In addition,a variety of equations have been proposed to model the conductivity of partially molten rocks in Tibetan crust.However,different rock electrical models relate to different lithological parameters of rocks.So we need to find an appropriate rock electrical model that can apply to Tibet crust.In this study,we use a general electrical conductivity model developed by the global fitting of experimental data in previous study and set up a range of temperature,pressure,and water content for five regions in Tibet.What’s more,using three widely used rock electrical models to figure out corresponding melt fractions in areas of Tibet.We find the most applicable rock electrical model in this region and know better about the distribution and morphology of medium in Tibetan crust.
文摘This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and T-intersections. The analysis concluded that the optimized Green-Wave traffic theory is favorable to improve road safety and reduce vehicle fuel consumption and reduce vehicle emissions and other aspects.
文摘With the development of geophysical exploration technology,the anisotropy of underground media has got more and more attention.At present,there are few studies on the anisotropy of the induced polarization method.This article explores the effect of anisotropy on the underground media of the induced polarization method under three-dimensional complex terrain.The research work transforms the underground electric field control equation into a variational problem,and use the unstructured finite element method to construct a large linear equation system for solving electric potentials.By the sparse matrix compression technique and symmetric successive over-relaxation preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm(SSOR-PCG)to solve the equation system.Finally,the article uses the classic central gradient array method to obtain the forward apparent polarizability value.The calculation results of the model find that different anisotropic conditions will significantly affect the forward results which show a strong directional correlation,revealing the importance of considering anisotropy in practical work.
基金the Sun Yat-sen University Hundred Talents Program(China)(No.PT19200101)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022A1515010290)+4 种基金Guangdong Province Science and Technology Planning Project of China(No.2020A1414010033)Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project of China(No.202102020430)YL was supported,in part,by Sun Yat-sen University Start-up Funding(China)(No.201603)H-XL was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773103)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2017A030313617).
文摘Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common hematological tumor.It is characterized by high drug resistance,easy recurrence,and poor prognosis,and remains incurable.Various models or scoring modalities can be used to predict the survival prognosis of MM patients;however,these predictions are still not accurate enough.We have previously found that scorings related to bone marrow microenvironment metabolism can improve predictive efficacy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants no.51975490the Science and Technology Projects of Sichuan under grant nos.2021JDRC0118,2021JDRC0096,2021YFSY0059,and 2021YFQ0055.
文摘In recent years,countries worldwide have actively advocated electric vehicles for environmental protection.How-ever,restrictions on the driving range and charging have hampered the promotion of electric vehicles.This study proposes a portable,auxiliary photovoltaic power system based on a foldable scissors mechanism for electric vehicles.The system includes a photovoltaic power generation module and an electricity transfer module.The photovoltaic power generation module built based on a foldable scissors mechanism is five times smaller than in its unfolded state,improving its portability in its folded state.The electricity transfer module transfers electricity into the cabin via wireless power transfer units and stores electricity in supercapacitors.Solar simulation exper-iments were conducted to evaluate the system’s performance:maximum output power of 1.736 W is measured when the load is 5Ω,while maximum wireless power transfer efficiency is up to 57.7% with 10Ω load.An elec-tric vehicle in Chengdu city was simulated for a case study.The results show that the annual output of a single photovoltaic power system can drive the MINIEV for 423.625 km,indicating that the proposed system would be able to supply power for electric vehicles as an auxiliary power supply system.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900801)Educational Commission of Guangdong Province of China(2021ZDZX4054).
文摘Background Habitat degradation and flow regime alterations are two of the most prominent and common impact factors to freshwater mussel populations.Knowledge of the correlation between freshwater mussel distribution,density and habitat characteristics is important for maintaining and restoring their biodiversity and ecological functions.Information on predicting habitat suitability of freshwater mussels is lacking in China.Here,we aimed to analyze the correlation between freshwater mussel density and complex hydraulic and physicochemical variables to predict habitat suitability.Results The results showed that four complex hydraulic variables(boundary Reynolds number,critical shear stress,bed roughness and mean sediment particle size)and four physicochemical variables(water temperature,chlorophylla,transparency and pH)were key factors for predicting habitat suitability of freshwater mussels.Freshwater mussel density was significantly correlated with Froude number,water temperature and chlorophyll-a.Conclusions Our results confirmed that higher freshwater mussel density would be associated with areas that are stable in complex hydraulic and physicochemical variables.These results provide an important insight into the conservation of freshwater mussel diversity and their habitat restoration in China and globally.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12232017,12222212,12072339,and 32061160475)the Key Program of Natural Science Project of Educational Department of Anhui Province(2022AH050700).
文摘Osmotic pressure is vital to many physiological activities,such as cell proliferation,wound healing and disease treatment.However,how cells interact with the extracellular matrix(ECM)when subjected to osmotic shock remains unclear.Here,we visualize the mechanical interactions between cells and the ECM during osmotic shock by quantifying the dynamic evolution of the cell traction force.We show that both hypertonic and hypotonic shocks induce continuous and large changes in cell traction force.Moreover,the traction force varies with cell volume:the traction force increases as cells shrink and decreases as cells swell.However,the direction of the traction force is independent of cell volume changes and is always toward the center of the cell-substrate interface.Furthermore,we reveal a mechanical mechanism in which the change in cortical tension caused by osmotic shock leads to the variation in traction force,which suggests a simple method for measuring changes in cell cortical tension.These findings provide new insights into the mechanical force response of cells to the external environment and may provide a deeper understanding of how the ECM regulates cell structure and function.
基金Project supported by the NSFC (Nos.10472112,19232020,10627201,10972113, 90916010 and 10732080)the National Basic Research Program of China (Nos.2007CB936803 and 2010CB631005)SRFDP (Nos.20070003053 and 20090002110048)
文摘In this review, acritical look at the research progress ofexperimentalsolid mechanics in China for the past years is presented. Issues are discussed of the discovery and development of new fundamental methods and techniques versus performance benchmarking for many of their applications. Included herein are photoelasticity and various forms of modern photomechanics, acoustical techniques, image processing and videometrics, radial and spectrum techniques, and experimental mechanics on micro/nano scale. It is also noticed that both the ever developed instrumentation and specialized synthetical techniques have played important roles in advancing experimental mechanics in scientific researches and industrial applications. Finally, an attempt is made to look into the future of experimental solid mechanics with personal opinions offered on what the future trends will be for the researches in the field.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11872355,11627803,12072339,and 11872354)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(No.XDB22040502).
文摘The mechanical force between cells and the extracellular microenvironment is crucial to many physiological processes such as cancer metastasis and stem cell differentiation. Mitosis plays an essential role in all these processes and thus an in-depth understanding of forces during mitosis gains insight into disease diagnosis and disease treatment. Here, we develop a traction force microscope method based on monolayer fluorescent beads for measuring the weak traction force (tens of Pa) of mitotic cells in three dimensions. We quantify traction forces of human ovarian granulosa (KGN) cells exerted on the extracellular matrix throughout the entire cell cycle in three dimensions. Our measurements reveal how forces vary during the cell cycle, especially during cell division. Furthermore, we study the effect of paclitaxel (PTX) and nocodazole (NDZ) on mitotic KGN cells through the measurement of traction forces. Our results show that mitotic cells with high concentrations of PTX exert a larger force than those with high concentrations of NDZ, which proved to be caused by changes in the structure and number of microtubules. These findings reveal the key functions of microtubule in generating traction forces during cell mitosis and explain how dividing cells regulate themselves in response to anti-mitosis drugs. This work provides a powerful tool for investigating cell-matrix interactions during mitosis and may offer a potential way to new therapies for cancer.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973) of China (No. 2011CB302705)in part by the Zhejiang Agriculture & Forest University Innovation (No. 2009RC11)+1 种基金Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province Commonwealth (No. 2011C31G2100015)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Nos. Y3090558 and Y3100363)
文摘Navigation with sensor networks has shown many advantages and great potential in many scenarios. Previous works have mainly focused on selecting the shortest path to navigate an internal user out of an emergency field. However, they did not consider variations of the dangerous areas which usually occur in practical applications. This paper presents an efficient dynamic routing algorithm to successfully guide users to the destination exit. The navigation goal is looking for a safe and short path to enable the user to escape from a dangerous area as fast as possible. Without knowing the locations of the nodes, the user is guided by a sequence of sensor nodes to pass through the dangerous areas. The algorithm ensures the navigation path security by predicting the dynamic changes affecting the navigation path. The performance of this approach is evaluated using extensive simulations to validate its effectiveness. Simulations show that the approach is scalable and performs well in various settings.
