Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart d...Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart disease and osteoarthritis in dogs and cats.A direct link between lipid metabolism dysregulation and obesity-associated diseases has been implicated.However,the understanding of such pathophysiology in companion animals is lim-ited.This review aims to address the role of lipid metabolism in various metabolic disorders associated with obesity,emphasizing the involvement of the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we also discuss the management of obesity,including approaches like nutritional interventions,thus providing novel insights into obesity prevention and treatment for canines and felines.展开更多
Due to the bus characteristics of large quality,high center of gravity and narrow wheelbase,the research of its yaw stability control(YSC)system has become the focus in the field of vehicle system dynamics.However,the...Due to the bus characteristics of large quality,high center of gravity and narrow wheelbase,the research of its yaw stability control(YSC)system has become the focus in the field of vehicle system dynamics.However,the tire nonlinear mechanical properties and the effectiveness of the YSC control system are not considered carefully in the current research.In this paper,a novel adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode(ANFTSM)control scheme for YSC is proposed to improve the bus curve driving stability and safety on slippery roads.Firstly,the STI(Systems Technologies Inc.)tire model,which can effectively reflect the nonlinear coupling relationship between the tire longitudinal force and lateral force,is established based on experimental data and firstly adopted in the bus YSC system design.On this basis,a more accurate bus lateral dynamics model is built and a novel YSC strategy based on ANFTSM,which has the merits of fast transient response,finite time convergence and high robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances,is designed.Thirdly,to solve the optimal allocation problem of the tire forces,whose objective is to achieve the desired direct yaw moment through the effective distribution of the brake force of each tire,the robust least-squares allocation method is adopted.To verify the feasibility,effectiveness and practicality of the proposed bus YSC approach,the TruckSim-Simulink co-simulation results are finally provided.The co-simulation results show that the lateral stability of bus under special driving conditions has been significantly improved.This research proposes a more effective design method for bus YSC system based on a more accurate tire model.展开更多
Electro-optic modulator is a key component for on-chip optical signal processing.An electro-optic phase modulator based on multilayer graphene embedded in silicon nitride waveguide is demonstrated to fulfill low-power...Electro-optic modulator is a key component for on-chip optical signal processing.An electro-optic phase modulator based on multilayer graphene embedded in silicon nitride waveguide is demonstrated to fulfill low-power operation.Finite element method is adopted to investigate the interaction enhancement between the graphene flake and the optical mode.The impact of multilayer graphene on the performance of phase modulator is studied comprehensively.Simulation results show that the modulation efficiency improves with the increment of graphene layer number,as well as the modulation length.The 3-dB bandwidth of around 48 GHz is independent of graphene layer number and length.Compared to modulator with two-or four-layer graphene,the six-layer graphene/silicon nitride waveguide modulator can realizeπphase shift at a low-power consumption of 14 fJ/bit when the modulation length is 240μm.展开更多
Traffic sign detection is a crucial task for autonomous driving systems.However,the performance of deep learning-based algorithms for traffic sign detection is highly affected by the illumination conditions of scenari...Traffic sign detection is a crucial task for autonomous driving systems.However,the performance of deep learning-based algorithms for traffic sign detection is highly affected by the illumination conditions of scenarios.While existing algo-rithms demonstrate high accuracy in well-lit environments,they suffer from low accuracy in low-light scenarios.This paper proposes an end-to-end framework,LLTH-YOLOv5,specifically tailored for traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,which enhances the input images to improve the detection performance.The proposed framework comproses two stages:the low-light enhancement stage and the object detection stage.In the low-light enhancement stage,a lightweight low-light enhancement network is designed,which uses multiple non-reference loss functions for parameter learning,and enhances the image by pixel-level adjustment of the input image with high-order curves.In the object detection stage,BIFPN is introduced to replace the PANet of YOLOv5,while designing a transformer-based detection head to improve the accuracy of small target detection.Moreover,GhostDarkNet53 is utilized based on Ghost module to replace the backbone network of YOLOv5,thereby improving the real-time performance of the model.The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,while satisfying the real-time requirements of autonomous driving.展开更多
In October 2017,a small outbreak of echovirus 30(E30)associated with aseptic meningitis in nine cases occurred at a primary school in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.That year,we observed a significant increase in E...In October 2017,a small outbreak of echovirus 30(E30)associated with aseptic meningitis in nine cases occurred at a primary school in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.That year,we observed a significant increase in E30 levels in an acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)case surveillance system.To investigate their phylogenetic relationships,we determined the whole genomic sequences of 12 strains isolated from aseptic meningitis cases,AFP cases,and healthy children.We found that the E30 strains circulating in Ningxia belong to two lineages(H and J).The strains isolated in 2010,2012,and 2016 belonged to the H lineage.In 2017,a new lineage,J,emerged as the dominant lineage.Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the whole genome andP1,P2,andP3 regions;clustering with other types of enterovirus species B was found,suggesting that recombination events had occurred.The recombination sites were mainly in regions2B,2C,and3D.This study confirmed that the E30 strains in Ningxia in 2010,2012,and 2016 had different recombination patterns and were recombined with different enteroviruses.The 2017 epidemic E30 originated from another new lineage with a complex recombination pattern and formed an independent transmission chain in Ningxia.展开更多
Life activities are extremely complex phenomena in nature.From molecular signaling regulation to multi-cellular tissue formation and so on,the biological system consists of multiple temporal,spatial and functional sca...Life activities are extremely complex phenomena in nature.From molecular signaling regulation to multi-cellular tissue formation and so on,the biological system consists of multiple temporal,spatial and functional scales.Multiscale mathematical models have extensive applications in life science research due to their capacity of appropriately simulating the complex multiscale biological systems.Many mathematical methods,including deterministic methods,stochastic methods as well as discrete or rule-based methods,have been widely used for modeling biological systems.However,the models at single scale are not sufficient to simulate complex biological systems.Therefore,in this paper we give a survey of two multiscale modeling approaches for biological systems.One approach is continuous stochastic method that couples ordinary differential equations and stochastic differential equations;Another approach is hybrid continuous-discrete method that couples agent-based model with partial differential equations.We then introduce the applications of these multiscale modeling approaches in systems biology and look ahead to the future research.展开更多
A simple and nontoxic fluorescent chemosensor of di-O-methyl curcumin has been prepared from curcumin. The sensor exhibited selective and sensitive fluorescent responses toward A13＋ over a wide range of metal ions, s...A simple and nontoxic fluorescent chemosensor of di-O-methyl curcumin has been prepared from curcumin. The sensor exhibited selective and sensitive fluorescent responses toward A13＋ over a wide range of metal ions, such as Mn2＋, Ce3＋, Pt2＋, Sn4＋, Hg＋, Sb3＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, Ba2＋, Cu2＋＇ Ni2＋＇ Na＋＇ NH4＋＇ Ag＋＇ Pb2＋＇ Zn2＋＇ Fee＋＇ Fe3＋, Hg2＋ and Cr3＋ in ethanol/water. The free ligand showed quite weak fluorescence emission due to the isom- erization of C=O double bond in the excited state, however, after addition of Al3＋, fluorescence emission results in a prominent fluorescence enhancement.展开更多
The metal-free S–S bond exchange reaction of symmetrical disulfides catalyzed by NFSI is described. This novel protocol provides a facile and efficient approach to accessing important unsymmetrical disulfides.Further...The metal-free S–S bond exchange reaction of symmetrical disulfides catalyzed by NFSI is described. This novel protocol provides a facile and efficient approach to accessing important unsymmetrical disulfides.Furthermore, this strategy could also be utilized in the late-stage functionalization of amino acids, drugs,and natural products. The broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and easy accessibility of catalyst indicate that this strategy affords a green and practical complementary method to various unsymmetrical disulfides.展开更多
A calix[4]arene ligand assisted directβ-C-H arylation of tertiary aliphatic aldehydes has been developed via a Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization process.This strategy exhibited good functional group compatibili...A calix[4]arene ligand assisted directβ-C-H arylation of tertiary aliphatic aldehydes has been developed via a Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization process.This strategy exhibited good functional group compatibility and C-H bond site-selectivity.Mechanism studies have shown that both synergistic effect and cationic-πsupramolecular interaction between calixarene cavity and transition-metal catalytic center may play an important role in this catalytic cycle.This complementary method would be used in organic and medical chemistry due to the importance of tertiary aliphatic aldehydes.展开更多
Metal-free direct α-C(sp^(3))-H intramolecular cyclization of 2-alkylthiobenzoic acid in the presence of Selectfluor is described.This novel strategy provides a facile and efficient method to access important 1,3-ben...Metal-free direct α-C(sp^(3))-H intramolecular cyclization of 2-alkylthiobenzoic acid in the presence of Selectfluor is described.This novel strategy provides a facile and efficient method to access important 1,3-benzooxathiin-4-one derivatives with good functional groups tolerance and yields.展开更多
基金funded by research grants from the Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Team Program(JSSCTD202147)Nutrition and Care of Maternal and Child Research Fund Project of the Biostime Institute of Nutrition and Care(Grant No.2022BINCMCF006)+1 种基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_3527)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart disease and osteoarthritis in dogs and cats.A direct link between lipid metabolism dysregulation and obesity-associated diseases has been implicated.However,the understanding of such pathophysiology in companion animals is lim-ited.This review aims to address the role of lipid metabolism in various metabolic disorders associated with obesity,emphasizing the involvement of the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we also discuss the management of obesity,including approaches like nutritional interventions,thus providing novel insights into obesity prevention and treatment for canines and felines.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072161,U20A20331)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019T120398)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy of China(Grant No.KF2016)Vehicle Measurement Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(Grant No.QCCK2019-002)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.2018QNRC 001).
文摘Due to the bus characteristics of large quality,high center of gravity and narrow wheelbase,the research of its yaw stability control(YSC)system has become the focus in the field of vehicle system dynamics.However,the tire nonlinear mechanical properties and the effectiveness of the YSC control system are not considered carefully in the current research.In this paper,a novel adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode(ANFTSM)control scheme for YSC is proposed to improve the bus curve driving stability and safety on slippery roads.Firstly,the STI(Systems Technologies Inc.)tire model,which can effectively reflect the nonlinear coupling relationship between the tire longitudinal force and lateral force,is established based on experimental data and firstly adopted in the bus YSC system design.On this basis,a more accurate bus lateral dynamics model is built and a novel YSC strategy based on ANFTSM,which has the merits of fast transient response,finite time convergence and high robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances,is designed.Thirdly,to solve the optimal allocation problem of the tire forces,whose objective is to achieve the desired direct yaw moment through the effective distribution of the brake force of each tire,the robust least-squares allocation method is adopted.To verify the feasibility,effectiveness and practicality of the proposed bus YSC approach,the TruckSim-Simulink co-simulation results are finally provided.The co-simulation results show that the lateral stability of bus under special driving conditions has been significantly improved.This research proposes a more effective design method for bus YSC system based on a more accurate tire model.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2203001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61675087,61875069,and 61605057)the Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.JJKH20190118KJ).
文摘Electro-optic modulator is a key component for on-chip optical signal processing.An electro-optic phase modulator based on multilayer graphene embedded in silicon nitride waveguide is demonstrated to fulfill low-power operation.Finite element method is adopted to investigate the interaction enhancement between the graphene flake and the optical mode.The impact of multilayer graphene on the performance of phase modulator is studied comprehensively.Simulation results show that the modulation efficiency improves with the increment of graphene layer number,as well as the modulation length.The 3-dB bandwidth of around 48 GHz is independent of graphene layer number and length.Compared to modulator with two-or four-layer graphene,the six-layer graphene/silicon nitride waveguide modulator can realizeπphase shift at a low-power consumption of 14 fJ/bit when the modulation length is 240μm.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,U20A20331,Long Chen.
文摘Traffic sign detection is a crucial task for autonomous driving systems.However,the performance of deep learning-based algorithms for traffic sign detection is highly affected by the illumination conditions of scenarios.While existing algo-rithms demonstrate high accuracy in well-lit environments,they suffer from low accuracy in low-light scenarios.This paper proposes an end-to-end framework,LLTH-YOLOv5,specifically tailored for traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,which enhances the input images to improve the detection performance.The proposed framework comproses two stages:the low-light enhancement stage and the object detection stage.In the low-light enhancement stage,a lightweight low-light enhancement network is designed,which uses multiple non-reference loss functions for parameter learning,and enhances the image by pixel-level adjustment of the input image with high-order curves.In the object detection stage,BIFPN is introduced to replace the PANet of YOLOv5,while designing a transformer-based detection head to improve the accuracy of small target detection.Moreover,GhostDarkNet53 is utilized based on Ghost module to replace the backbone network of YOLOv5,thereby improving the real-time performance of the model.The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of traffic sign detection in low-light scenarios,while satisfying the real-time requirements of autonomous driving.
基金supported by the Science and Natural Science of Ningxia (Grant No.2021AAC03415)the Science and Natural Science of China (Grant No.81960607)+1 种基金Science and Natural Science of Ningxia (Grant No.2022AAC03708)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Project No.2021YFC2302003).
文摘In October 2017,a small outbreak of echovirus 30(E30)associated with aseptic meningitis in nine cases occurred at a primary school in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.That year,we observed a significant increase in E30 levels in an acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)case surveillance system.To investigate their phylogenetic relationships,we determined the whole genomic sequences of 12 strains isolated from aseptic meningitis cases,AFP cases,and healthy children.We found that the E30 strains circulating in Ningxia belong to two lineages(H and J).The strains isolated in 2010,2012,and 2016 belonged to the H lineage.In 2017,a new lineage,J,emerged as the dominant lineage.Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the whole genome andP1,P2,andP3 regions;clustering with other types of enterovirus species B was found,suggesting that recombination events had occurred.The recombination sites were mainly in regions2B,2C,and3D.This study confirmed that the E30 strains in Ningxia in 2010,2012,and 2016 had different recombination patterns and were recombined with different enteroviruses.The 2017 epidemic E30 originated from another new lineage with a complex recombination pattern and formed an independent transmission chain in Ningxia.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62273364,11871070&11371060)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020B1515020047).
文摘Life activities are extremely complex phenomena in nature.From molecular signaling regulation to multi-cellular tissue formation and so on,the biological system consists of multiple temporal,spatial and functional scales.Multiscale mathematical models have extensive applications in life science research due to their capacity of appropriately simulating the complex multiscale biological systems.Many mathematical methods,including deterministic methods,stochastic methods as well as discrete or rule-based methods,have been widely used for modeling biological systems.However,the models at single scale are not sufficient to simulate complex biological systems.Therefore,in this paper we give a survey of two multiscale modeling approaches for biological systems.One approach is continuous stochastic method that couples ordinary differential equations and stochastic differential equations;Another approach is hybrid continuous-discrete method that couples agent-based model with partial differential equations.We then introduce the applications of these multiscale modeling approaches in systems biology and look ahead to the future research.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21002009 and 21572026）, the Scientific and Technological Project of Jiangsu Province （No. BY2014037-01）, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Colleges and Universities （No. 14KJA150002）, Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province, the Priority Academic Program Development （PAPD） of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Ma- terials and Technology （No. BM2012110）.
文摘A simple and nontoxic fluorescent chemosensor of di-O-methyl curcumin has been prepared from curcumin. The sensor exhibited selective and sensitive fluorescent responses toward A13＋ over a wide range of metal ions, such as Mn2＋, Ce3＋, Pt2＋, Sn4＋, Hg＋, Sb3＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, Ba2＋, Cu2＋＇ Ni2＋＇ Na＋＇ NH4＋＇ Ag＋＇ Pb2＋＇ Zn2＋＇ Fee＋＇ Fe3＋, Hg2＋ and Cr3＋ in ethanol/water. The free ligand showed quite weak fluorescence emission due to the isom- erization of C=O double bond in the excited state, however, after addition of Al3＋, fluorescence emission results in a prominent fluorescence enhancement.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21572026, 21702019)Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. SJCX20_0952)Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University
文摘The metal-free S–S bond exchange reaction of symmetrical disulfides catalyzed by NFSI is described. This novel protocol provides a facile and efficient approach to accessing important unsymmetrical disulfides.Furthermore, this strategy could also be utilized in the late-stage functionalization of amino acids, drugs,and natural products. The broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and easy accessibility of catalyst indicate that this strategy affords a green and practical complementary method to various unsymmetrical disulfides.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21572026, 21702019)Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. KYCX20_2525)+1 种基金Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou Universitythe analytical testing support from Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University
文摘A calix[4]arene ligand assisted directβ-C-H arylation of tertiary aliphatic aldehydes has been developed via a Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization process.This strategy exhibited good functional group compatibility and C-H bond site-selectivity.Mechanism studies have shown that both synergistic effect and cationic-πsupramolecular interaction between calixarene cavity and transition-metal catalytic center may play an important role in this catalytic cycle.This complementary method would be used in organic and medical chemistry due to the importance of tertiary aliphatic aldehydes.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21572026,21702019)Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center,Changzhou University。
文摘Metal-free direct α-C(sp^(3))-H intramolecular cyclization of 2-alkylthiobenzoic acid in the presence of Selectfluor is described.This novel strategy provides a facile and efficient method to access important 1,3-benzooxathiin-4-one derivatives with good functional groups tolerance and yields.
