Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interfe...Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interferoninducible hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats protein family,contributes to both cancer progression and inflammasome activation.Despite this understanding,the precise biological functions and molecular mechanisms governed by AIM2 in CRC remain elusive.Consequently,this study endeavors to assess AIM2’s expression levels,explore its potential antitumor effects,elucidate associated cancer-related processes,and decipher the underlying signaling pathways in CRC.Our findings showed a reduced AIM2 expression in most CRC cell lines.Elevation of AIM2 levels suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migration,altered cell cycle by inhibiting G1/S transition,and induced cell apoptosis.Further research uncovered the participation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(P38MAPK)in AIM2-mediated modulation of CRC cell apoptosis and proliferation.Altogether,our achievements distinctly underscored AIM2’s antitumor role in CRC.AIM2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis of CRC cells via activating P38MAPK signaling pathway,indicating AIM2 as a prospective and novel therapeutic target for CRC.展开更多
Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are i...Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are investigated using computational approaches. Thermo- dynamically stable isomers are identified in vacuum and in solvent. Spectral Stokes shifts are computed and compared to experiments. An inverted solvatochromic shift between absorption and emission emerging in this new class of GFP-like chromophores is observed, and attributed to the stabilized charge transfer and inhibited rotational structural reorganization in solvent.展开更多
The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-...The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-resistant and for mcr-positive£coli from pig farms in Central China.Between 2018 and 2019,594 samples were collected and recovered 445 E.coli isolates.Among them,33 with colistin resistance phenotypes and 37 that were positive for mcr genes were identified,including 34 positive for mcr-1,one positive for mcr-3,and two positive for both mcr-1 and mcr-3.An insertion of nine bases("CTGGATACG")into mcr-7 in four mcr-positive isolates led to gene dysfunction,and therefore did not confer the colistin resistance phenotype.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 37 mcr-positive isolates showed severe drug resistance profiles,as 50% of them were resistant to 20 types of antibiotics.Multilocus sequence typing revealed a heterogeneous group of sequence types in mcr-positive isolates,among which ST10(5/37),ST156(5/37),and 5T617(4/37)were the predominant types.Plasmid conjugation assays showed that mcr-carrying plasmids of 25 mcr-positive isolates were conjugated with£coli recipient,with conjugation frequencies ranging from 1.7 × 10^(-6) to 4.1 × 10^(-3) per recipient.Conjugation of these mcr genes conferred a colistin resistance phenotype upon the recipient bacterium.PCR typing of plasmids harbored in the 25 transconjugants determined six types of plasmid replicons,including lncX4(14/25),FrepB(4/25),Incl2(3/25),lncHI2(2/25),FIB(1/25),and Inch(1/25).This study contributes to the current understanding of antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant£coli in pig farms.展开更多
Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential ...Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential trigger for HBV reactivation.This study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of PTX-induced HBV reactivation in vitro and in vivo,which may inform new strategies for HBV antiviral treatment.Methods:The impact of PTX on HBV replication was assessed through various methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,dual-luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and immunohistochemical staining.Transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess alterations in the transcriptome and microbial diversity in PTX-treated HBV transgenic mice.Results:PTX enhanced the levels of HBV 3.5-kb mRNA,HBV DNA,HBeAg,and HBsAg both in vitro and in vivo.PTX also promoted the activity of the HBV core promoter and transcription factor AP-1.Inhibition of AP-1 gene expression markedly suppressed PTX-induced HBV reactivation.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that PTX activated the immune-related signaling networks such as IL-17,NF-κB,and MAPK signaling pathways,with the pivotal common key molecule being AP-1.The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PTX induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Conclusions:PTX-induced HBV reactivation was likely a synergistic outcome of immune suppression and direct stimulation of HBV replication through the enhancement of HBV core promoter activity mediated by the transcription factor AP-1.These findings propose a novel molecular mechanism,underscoring the critical role of AP-1 in PTX-induced HBV reactivation.展开更多
Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts...Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts for approximately 85%of all RcC cases,1 and it is a malignant tumor with multiple molecular features and a poor prognosis.Studies have shown that ccRCC is one of the most immune and vaso-invasive cancer types.2 Considering that ccRCC is not sensitive to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy,targeted therapies.展开更多
Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keyw...Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords including“private hospitals in China”,“hospital ownership”,“public and private hospital”,“private hospital development”.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess the trend of the private hospital development in China and worldwide.Both the change of private hospitals in supply capacity and health care delivery were studied in this paper.The number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital were employed to measure the supply capacity.The visit number,inpatients number,and bed occupancy rate(BOR)were used to measure the healthcare delivery.The data was collected from the China Health Statistical Yearbook and the“Organisation for Economic and Co-operation and Development(OECD)Statistics”website.Results:The private sector rapidly expanded in China’s hospital market in recent years.The number of private hospitals exceeded the public in 2015.There has also been a signi cant rise for the indicators of both the supply capacity(including number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital)and the health care delivery(inpatients number and BOR)of the private hospitals.However,the growth rates of them were relatively lower than the public.The expansion trend of China’s private sector in the hospital market accorded with most the OECD countries around the world.In 2016,China was above the medium level of the share of the private hospitals’number with the OECD countries,but below the medium for the supply capacity,in terms of the hospital beds.Conclusion:As a result of the economic growth and supporting policy,the private sector has experienced a vast expansion in China’s hospital market in the past decade.The rising gap in average size between private and publicly owned hospitals,and the inconsistent development between the private hospitals’supply capacity and their market share,have become the two main challenges.Meanwhile,the future policy in supporting the private sector should be carefully introduced to advance the whole healthcare delivery system development in China.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent...The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent of degraded areas,rather than on the intensity of degradation processes.The study was implemented for the Potential Extent of Desertification in China(PEDC),composed by arid,semi-arid,and dry sub-humid regions and refers to the period 2002 to 2012.The metrics were standard partial regression coefficients from stepwise regressions,fitted using Net Primary Productivity as the dependent variable,and year number and aridity as predictors.The results indicate that:①the extension of degrading lands(292896 km 2 or 9.12%of PEDC)overcomes the area that is recovering(194560 km 2 or 6.06%of PEDC);and②the intensity of degrading trends is lower than that of increasing trends in three land cover types(grassland,desert,and crops)and in two aridity levels(semi-arid and dry sub-humid).Such an outcome might pinpoint restoration policies by the Chinese government,and document a possible case of hysteresis.展开更多
In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged f...In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged from 0.42 to 0.67.At each of O2/CH4 ratios,V-shape profiles of energy cost of syngas increasing with SEI were observed,reaching the lowest value at the optimal SEI(Opt-SEI).With the increase of O2/CH4 ratio,the Opt-SEI decreased significantly.Moreover,at the Opt-SEI,O2 and CH4 conversions and dry-basis concentration of syngas increased and energy cost of syngas decreased greatly with the increase of O2/CH4 ratio.展开更多
Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local ...Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local climate were selected,the formulas of culture substrate and nutrition bag were optimized to produce high-quality strains,soil pests were prevented and controlled,rapeseed was transplanted in time,Morchella spp.were sown in ditches,nutrition bags were placed simultaneously,thick soil was covered and fruiting ditches were left,and stress was arranged to promote growth of mycelia.The production cycle was 90-100 d.The yield of Morchella spp.reached 2250-3375 kg/ha,with a net profit of 6000-10000 yuan.展开更多
Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into...Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922–0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523–0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657–1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251–0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.展开更多
Accumulating evidence supports the association of somatic mutations with tumor occurrence and development.We aimed to identify somatic mutations with important implications in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and explore ...Accumulating evidence supports the association of somatic mutations with tumor occurrence and development.We aimed to identify somatic mutations with important implications in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and explore their possible mechanisms.The gene mutation profiles of HCC patients were assessed,and the tumor mutation burden was calculated.Gene mutations closely associated with tumor mutation burden and patient overall survival were identified.In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to verify the effects of putative genes on proliferation,invasion,drug resistance,and other malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells.Fourteen genes with a high mutation frequency were identified.The mutation status of 12 of these genes was closely related to the mutation burden.Among these 12 genes,LRP1B mutation was closely associated with patient prognosis.Nine genes were associated with immune cell infiltration.The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the knockdown of LRP1B promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration and enhances the resistance of tumor cells to liposomal doxorubicin.LRP1B could directly bind to NCSTN and affect its protein expression level,thereby regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.Our mutational analysis revealed complex and orchestrated liposomal alterations linked to doxorubicin resistance that may also render cancers less susceptible to immunotherapy and also provides new treatment alternatives.展开更多
Background and Aims:Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health challenge.HBV reactivation usually occurs in cancer patients after receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapies....Background and Aims:Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health challenge.HBV reactivation usually occurs in cancer patients after receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapies.Romidepsin(FK228)and vorinostat(SAHA)are histone deacetylase inhibitors(HDACi)approved by the Food and Drug Administration as novel antitumor agents.The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of HDACi treatment on HBV replication.Methods:To assess these effects,human hepatoma cell lines were cultured and cell viability after FK228 or SAHA treatment was measured by the CCK-8 cell counting kit-8 assay.Then,HBV DNA and RNA were quantified by real-time PCR and Southern blotting.Furthermore,analysis by western blotting,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),immunohistochemistry,and flow cytometry was performed.Results:FK228/SAHA treatment significantly promoted HBV replication and biosynthesis in both HBV-replicating cells and HBV-transgenic mouse model.Flow cytometry assay indicated that FK228/SAHA enhanced HBV replication by inducing cell cycle arrest through modulating the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins.In addition,simultaneous inhibition of HDAC1/2 by FK228 promoted HBV replication more effectively than the broad spectrum HDAC inhibitor SAHA.Conclusions:Overall,our results demonstrate that cell cycle blockage plays an important role in FK228/SAHAenhanced HBV replication,thus providing a potential avenue for rational use of HDACi in patients with chronic hepatitis B.展开更多
The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we eva...The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of a pharmacist in an MDT of GIST.This was a retrospective study that included 240 GIST patients receiving imatinib therapy.The GIST MDT pharmacist developed and validated an HPLC method to monitor the trough concentrations of imatinib in GIST patients.Besides,the pharmacist also provided patient education and pharmaceutical care services and collected the data for analysis.The 240 GIST patients received the services provided by the pharmacist.The trough concentrations in 25.42%of the 240 patients were less than 1100 ng/m L.The main genotypes of 121 in the 240 patients were KIT exon 11 mutations,wild type,and KIT exon 9 mutations.Moreover,13 GIST patients with trough concentrations less than 1100 ng/m L were confirmed to have low compliance.The adverse reactions were primarily mild and tolerable,except that 13 GIST patients were adjusted to lower doses because of the intolerable adverse reactions.The daily cost could be lowered by monitoring the trough concentrations and dose reductions.Collectively,a pharmacist included in a GIST MDT could increase the compliance of Chinese GIST patients to imatinib therapy and improve the efficacy,safety,and economy of imatinib therapy.展开更多
Dear Editor,Lipoblastomatosis is a rare benign soft tissue tumor arising from the white fetal-embryonal adipose tissue（Choi et al.,2013）.Since the distinction of lipoblastomatosis from lipoblastma was reported by Ve...Dear Editor,Lipoblastomatosis is a rare benign soft tissue tumor arising from the white fetal-embryonal adipose tissue（Choi et al.,2013）.Since the distinction of lipoblastomatosis from lipoblastma was reported by Vellios et al.,there are only a few studies,and the incidence rate is approximately3.5/1,000,000.展开更多
基金supported by the Gusu Medical Key Talent Project of Suzhou City of China(GSWS2020005)the New Pharmaceutics and Medical Apparatuses Project of Suzhou City of China(SLJ2021007)+3 种基金the Suzhou City Key Clinical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Special Project,China(LCZX202129)Wujiang Science and Educational Health Revitalization Fund Project,Suzhou,China(WWK202015)the Scientific Research Project of Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital,Suzhou,China(YK202008)and Suzhou“Science and Education”Youth Science and Technology Project,Suzhou,China(KJXW2020075).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally.Absent in melanoma 2(AIM2),a constituent of the interferoninducible hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats protein family,contributes to both cancer progression and inflammasome activation.Despite this understanding,the precise biological functions and molecular mechanisms governed by AIM2 in CRC remain elusive.Consequently,this study endeavors to assess AIM2’s expression levels,explore its potential antitumor effects,elucidate associated cancer-related processes,and decipher the underlying signaling pathways in CRC.Our findings showed a reduced AIM2 expression in most CRC cell lines.Elevation of AIM2 levels suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migration,altered cell cycle by inhibiting G1/S transition,and induced cell apoptosis.Further research uncovered the participation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(P38MAPK)in AIM2-mediated modulation of CRC cell apoptosis and proliferation.Altogether,our achievements distinctly underscored AIM2’s antitumor role in CRC.AIM2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis of CRC cells via activating P38MAPK signaling pathway,indicating AIM2 as a prospective and novel therapeutic target for CRC.
基金supported by US National Science Foundation(CHE-1565520) to X. Lifunded by the STF at the University of Washingtonthe National Science Foundation (MRI-1624430).
文摘Chrornophore structures inspired by natural green fluorescent protein （GFP） play an im- portant role in the field of bio-irnaging. In this work, photochemical properties of a new class of GFP-like chromophores are investigated using computational approaches. Thermo- dynamically stable isomers are identified in vacuum and in solvent. Spectral Stokes shifts are computed and compared to experiments. An inverted solvatochromic shift between absorption and emission emerging in this new class of GFP-like chromophores is observed, and attributed to the stabilized charge transfer and inhibited rotational structural reorganization in solvent.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant numbers:2017YFC1600103 and 2017YFC1600101)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(grant number:2020CFB525)+2 种基金the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(grant number CARS-35)the Walmart Foundation(Projea#61626817)Zhong Peng acknowledges the financial support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number:2018 M640719).
文摘The emergence and dissemination of colistin resistance in Enterobacterioceae mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes in recent years now pose a threat to public health.In this study,we isolated and characterized colistin-resistant and for mcr-positive£coli from pig farms in Central China.Between 2018 and 2019,594 samples were collected and recovered 445 E.coli isolates.Among them,33 with colistin resistance phenotypes and 37 that were positive for mcr genes were identified,including 34 positive for mcr-1,one positive for mcr-3,and two positive for both mcr-1 and mcr-3.An insertion of nine bases("CTGGATACG")into mcr-7 in four mcr-positive isolates led to gene dysfunction,and therefore did not confer the colistin resistance phenotype.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 37 mcr-positive isolates showed severe drug resistance profiles,as 50% of them were resistant to 20 types of antibiotics.Multilocus sequence typing revealed a heterogeneous group of sequence types in mcr-positive isolates,among which ST10(5/37),ST156(5/37),and 5T617(4/37)were the predominant types.Plasmid conjugation assays showed that mcr-carrying plasmids of 25 mcr-positive isolates were conjugated with£coli recipient,with conjugation frequencies ranging from 1.7 × 10^(-6) to 4.1 × 10^(-3) per recipient.Conjugation of these mcr genes conferred a colistin resistance phenotype upon the recipient bacterium.PCR typing of plasmids harbored in the 25 transconjugants determined six types of plasmid replicons,including lncX4(14/25),FrepB(4/25),Incl2(3/25),lncHI2(2/25),FIB(1/25),and Inch(1/25).This study contributes to the current understanding of antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant£coli in pig farms.
基金This research received financial support from various sources including the Innovation and Development Joint Fund of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant number CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0099)Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical High-end Talent Project(Grant No.2022GDRC012)+3 种基金Chongqing Biomedical R&D Major Special Project(Grant No.CSTB2022TIAD-STX0013)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJZD-K202100402)CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine(Grant No.W0073)the Southwest Medical University and Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Joint Project(Grant No.2020XYLH-021).
文摘Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is commonly observed in individuals with chronic HBV infection undergoing antineoplastic drug therapy.Paclitaxel(PTX)treatment has been identified as a potential trigger for HBV reactivation.This study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of PTX-induced HBV reactivation in vitro and in vivo,which may inform new strategies for HBV antiviral treatment.Methods:The impact of PTX on HBV replication was assessed through various methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,dual-luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and immunohistochemical staining.Transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to assess alterations in the transcriptome and microbial diversity in PTX-treated HBV transgenic mice.Results:PTX enhanced the levels of HBV 3.5-kb mRNA,HBV DNA,HBeAg,and HBsAg both in vitro and in vivo.PTX also promoted the activity of the HBV core promoter and transcription factor AP-1.Inhibition of AP-1 gene expression markedly suppressed PTX-induced HBV reactivation.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that PTX activated the immune-related signaling networks such as IL-17,NF-κB,and MAPK signaling pathways,with the pivotal common key molecule being AP-1.The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PTX induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Conclusions:PTX-induced HBV reactivation was likely a synergistic outcome of immune suppression and direct stimulation of HBV replication through the enhancement of HBV core promoter activity mediated by the transcription factor AP-1.These findings propose a novel molecular mechanism,underscoring the critical role of AP-1 in PTX-induced HBV reactivation.
文摘Renal cell carcinoma,which consists of three main histological subtypes,namely,clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),and chromophobe RCC(chRCC),accounts for most kidney cancer cases.ccRCC accounts for approximately 85%of all RcC cases,1 and it is a malignant tumor with multiple molecular features and a poor prognosis.Studies have shown that ccRCC is one of the most immune and vaso-invasive cancer types.2 Considering that ccRCC is not sensitive to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy,targeted therapies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71303165)Sichuan University(Grant No.2015SCU04A19 and 2018SCUH0027)China Medical Board(Grant No.17-276)for their financial support.
文摘Objective:To assess the private hospital development in China during 2005-2016 from a global perspective.Methods:We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed,CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords including“private hospitals in China”,“hospital ownership”,“public and private hospital”,“private hospital development”.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess the trend of the private hospital development in China and worldwide.Both the change of private hospitals in supply capacity and health care delivery were studied in this paper.The number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital were employed to measure the supply capacity.The visit number,inpatients number,and bed occupancy rate(BOR)were used to measure the healthcare delivery.The data was collected from the China Health Statistical Yearbook and the“Organisation for Economic and Co-operation and Development(OECD)Statistics”website.Results:The private sector rapidly expanded in China’s hospital market in recent years.The number of private hospitals exceeded the public in 2015.There has also been a signi cant rise for the indicators of both the supply capacity(including number of hospitals,number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital)and the health care delivery(inpatients number and BOR)of the private hospitals.However,the growth rates of them were relatively lower than the public.The expansion trend of China’s private sector in the hospital market accorded with most the OECD countries around the world.In 2016,China was above the medium level of the share of the private hospitals’number with the OECD countries,but below the medium for the supply capacity,in terms of the hospital beds.Conclusion:As a result of the economic growth and supporting policy,the private sector has experienced a vast expansion in China’s hospital market in the past decade.The rising gap in average size between private and publicly owned hospitals,and the inconsistent development between the private hospitals’supply capacity and their market share,have become the two main challenges.Meanwhile,the future policy in supporting the private sector should be carefully introduced to advance the whole healthcare delivery system development in China.
基金European Space Agency(No.4000123342/18/I-NB)Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFJ-STSZDTP-010-02)。
文摘The aim of this paper is to offer a statistically sound method to make a precise account of the speed of land degradation and regeneration processes.Most common analyses of land degradation focus instead on the extent of degraded areas,rather than on the intensity of degradation processes.The study was implemented for the Potential Extent of Desertification in China(PEDC),composed by arid,semi-arid,and dry sub-humid regions and refers to the period 2002 to 2012.The metrics were standard partial regression coefficients from stepwise regressions,fitted using Net Primary Productivity as the dependent variable,and year number and aridity as predictors.The results indicate that:①the extension of degrading lands(292896 km 2 or 9.12%of PEDC)overcomes the area that is recovering(194560 km 2 or 6.06%of PEDC);and②the intensity of degrading trends is lower than that of increasing trends in three land cover types(grassland,desert,and crops)and in two aridity levels(semi-arid and dry sub-humid).Such an outcome might pinpoint restoration policies by the Chinese government,and document a possible case of hysteresis.
基金supported by International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China (2013DFG60060)
文摘In a novel plasma-shade reactor for oxidative reforming of biogas(CH4/CO2=3/2),the effects of specific-energy-input (SEI) on CH4 and CO2 conversions and energy cost of syngas were investigated at O2/CH4ratios ranged from 0.42 to 0.67.At each of O2/CH4 ratios,V-shape profiles of energy cost of syngas increasing with SEI were observed,reaching the lowest value at the optimal SEI(Opt-SEI).With the increase of O2/CH4 ratio,the Opt-SEI decreased significantly.Moreover,at the Opt-SEI,O2 and CH4 conversions and dry-basis concentration of syngas increased and energy cost of syngas decreased greatly with the increase of O2/CH4 ratio.
基金Supported by Excellent Youth Talents Project of Guizhou Province Department of Forestry(Qian Lin Ke He J Zi[2021]09)Science and Technology Plan Project of Tongren City([2019]116,[2020]46,[2020]49).
文摘Aiming at the climatic characteristics of more rain and high humidity and cultivation habits of rapeseed in Tongren area,in terms of rapeseed and Morchella spp.interplanting,excellent varieties suitable for the local climate were selected,the formulas of culture substrate and nutrition bag were optimized to produce high-quality strains,soil pests were prevented and controlled,rapeseed was transplanted in time,Morchella spp.were sown in ditches,nutrition bags were placed simultaneously,thick soil was covered and fruiting ditches were left,and stress was arranged to promote growth of mycelia.The production cycle was 90-100 d.The yield of Morchella spp.reached 2250-3375 kg/ha,with a net profit of 6000-10000 yuan.
基金supported by Project from the Science&Technology Commission of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2018jcyjAX0027,cstc2018jscx-msybX0376,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0159,and cstc2020jscx-dxwtBX0022)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,China(No.KJQN201800422)+3 种基金Intelligent Medicine Project from Chongqing Medical University,China(No.ZHYX202028)111 Project,China(No.D20028)National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2018YFE0107500)Chongqing Talents Program,China(No.CQYC202005013).
文摘Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922–0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523–0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657–1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251–0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81871653)the Natural Science Foundationof Chongqing,China(No.cstc2020jcyjmsxmx0159)+3 种基金Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical High-end Talent Project(China)(No.2022GDRC012)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(China)(No.KJZDK202100402 and KJQN201900449)CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine(China)(No.W0073)Second Hospital of Shandong University Cultivation Funding(China)(No.2022YP45).
文摘Accumulating evidence supports the association of somatic mutations with tumor occurrence and development.We aimed to identify somatic mutations with important implications in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and explore their possible mechanisms.The gene mutation profiles of HCC patients were assessed,and the tumor mutation burden was calculated.Gene mutations closely associated with tumor mutation burden and patient overall survival were identified.In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to verify the effects of putative genes on proliferation,invasion,drug resistance,and other malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells.Fourteen genes with a high mutation frequency were identified.The mutation status of 12 of these genes was closely related to the mutation burden.Among these 12 genes,LRP1B mutation was closely associated with patient prognosis.Nine genes were associated with immune cell infiltration.The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the knockdown of LRP1B promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration and enhances the resistance of tumor cells to liposomal doxorubicin.LRP1B could directly bind to NCSTN and affect its protein expression level,thereby regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.Our mutational analysis revealed complex and orchestrated liposomal alterations linked to doxorubicin resistance that may also render cancers less susceptible to immunotherapy and also provides new treatment alternatives.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871653,82072286 and 82073251)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msx mX0159,cstc2018jcyjAX0254 and cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0587)+3 种基金Chongqing Medical Science Project(2018MSXM065)Technology Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN201900449KJZD-M202000401)Scientific Research Innovation Project for Postgraduates in Chongqing(CYS19193 and CYB19168).
文摘Background and Aims:Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health challenge.HBV reactivation usually occurs in cancer patients after receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapies.Romidepsin(FK228)and vorinostat(SAHA)are histone deacetylase inhibitors(HDACi)approved by the Food and Drug Administration as novel antitumor agents.The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of HDACi treatment on HBV replication.Methods:To assess these effects,human hepatoma cell lines were cultured and cell viability after FK228 or SAHA treatment was measured by the CCK-8 cell counting kit-8 assay.Then,HBV DNA and RNA were quantified by real-time PCR and Southern blotting.Furthermore,analysis by western blotting,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),immunohistochemistry,and flow cytometry was performed.Results:FK228/SAHA treatment significantly promoted HBV replication and biosynthesis in both HBV-replicating cells and HBV-transgenic mouse model.Flow cytometry assay indicated that FK228/SAHA enhanced HBV replication by inducing cell cycle arrest through modulating the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins.In addition,simultaneous inhibition of HDAC1/2 by FK228 promoted HBV replication more effectively than the broad spectrum HDAC inhibitor SAHA.Conclusions:Overall,our results demonstrate that cell cycle blockage plays an important role in FK228/SAHAenhanced HBV replication,thus providing a potential avenue for rational use of HDACi in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
基金Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau and Chongqing Health Commission(Grant No.2021-MSXM335 and 2020GDRC009)。
文摘The multidisciplinary approach is beneficial to the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).However,pharmacists are seldom incorporated into a multidisciplinary team(MDT)of GIST.In the present study,we evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of a pharmacist in an MDT of GIST.This was a retrospective study that included 240 GIST patients receiving imatinib therapy.The GIST MDT pharmacist developed and validated an HPLC method to monitor the trough concentrations of imatinib in GIST patients.Besides,the pharmacist also provided patient education and pharmaceutical care services and collected the data for analysis.The 240 GIST patients received the services provided by the pharmacist.The trough concentrations in 25.42%of the 240 patients were less than 1100 ng/m L.The main genotypes of 121 in the 240 patients were KIT exon 11 mutations,wild type,and KIT exon 9 mutations.Moreover,13 GIST patients with trough concentrations less than 1100 ng/m L were confirmed to have low compliance.The adverse reactions were primarily mild and tolerable,except that 13 GIST patients were adjusted to lower doses because of the intolerable adverse reactions.The daily cost could be lowered by monitoring the trough concentrations and dose reductions.Collectively,a pharmacist included in a GIST MDT could increase the compliance of Chinese GIST patients to imatinib therapy and improve the efficacy,safety,and economy of imatinib therapy.
文摘Dear Editor,Lipoblastomatosis is a rare benign soft tissue tumor arising from the white fetal-embryonal adipose tissue（Choi et al.,2013）.Since the distinction of lipoblastomatosis from lipoblastma was reported by Vellios et al.,there are only a few studies,and the incidence rate is approximately3.5/1,000,000.
