Background:A new type of silver alloy hydrogel-coated(SAH)catheter has been shown to prevent bacterial adhesion and colonization by generating a microcurrent,and to block the retrograde infection pathway.However,these...Background:A new type of silver alloy hydrogel-coated(SAH)catheter has been shown to prevent bacterial adhesion and colonization by generating a microcurrent,and to block the retrograde infection pathway.However,these have only been confirmed in ordinary patients.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a SAH catheter for preventing urinary tract infections in critically ill patients.Methods:This was a prospective single-center,single-blind,randomized,controlled study.A total of 132 patients requiring indwelling catheterization in the intensive care unit(ICU)of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China between October 2022 and February 2023 and who met the study inclusion/exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in the SAH catheter group received a SAH catheter,while patients in the conventional catheter group received a conventional siliconized latex Foley catheter.The main outcome measure was the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections(CAUTIs).Secondary outcome indicators included urine positivity for white blood cells and positive urine cultures on 3 days,7 days,10 days,and 14 days after catheterization,number of viable bacteria in the catheter biofilm on day 14,pathogenic characteristics of positive urine cultures,length of ICU stay,overall hospital stay,ICU mortality,and 28-day mortality.All the data were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 68 patients in the conventional catheter group and 64 patients in the SAH catheter group were included in the study.On day 7 after catheter placement,the positivity rate for urinary white blood cells was significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group(33.8%vs.15.6%,P=0.016).On day 10,the rates of positive urine cultures(27.9%vs.10.9%,P=0.014)and CAUTIs(22.1%vs.7.8%,P=0.023)were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group.On day 14,the numbers of viable bacteria isolated from the catheter tip([3.21±1.91]×10^(6) colony-forming units[cfu]/mL vs.[7.44±2.22]×10^(4) cfu/mL,P<0.001),balloon segment([7.30±1.99]×10^(7) cfu/mL vs.[3.48±2.38]×10^(5) cfu/mL,P<0.001),and tail section([6.41±2.07]×10^(5) cfu/mL vs.[8.50±1.46]×10^(3) cfu/mL,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group.The most common bacteria in the urine of patients in both groups were Escherichia coli(n=13)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=6),with only one case of Candida in each group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of ICU hospitalization time,total hospitalization time,ICU mortality,and 28-day mortality.Conclusion:SAH catheters can effectively inhibit the formation of catheter-related bacterial biofilms in critically ill patients and reduce the incidence of CAUTIs,compared with conventional siliconized latex Foley catheters;however,regular replacement of the catheter is still necessary.展开更多
This paper proposes a direct search frame-based adaptive Barzilai-Borwein method for unconstrained minimization. The method is based on the framework of frame-based algorithms proposed by Coope and Price, but we use t...This paper proposes a direct search frame-based adaptive Barzilai-Borwein method for unconstrained minimization. The method is based on the framework of frame-based algorithms proposed by Coope and Price, but we use the strategy of ABB method and the rotational minimal positive basis to reduce the computation work at each iteration. Under some mild assumptions, the convergence of this approach will be established. Through five hundreds and twenty numerical tests using the CUTEr test problem library, we show that the proposed method is promising.展开更多
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Program(grant number:202104j07020043)the Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(grant number:2022AH051264).
文摘Background:A new type of silver alloy hydrogel-coated(SAH)catheter has been shown to prevent bacterial adhesion and colonization by generating a microcurrent,and to block the retrograde infection pathway.However,these have only been confirmed in ordinary patients.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a SAH catheter for preventing urinary tract infections in critically ill patients.Methods:This was a prospective single-center,single-blind,randomized,controlled study.A total of 132 patients requiring indwelling catheterization in the intensive care unit(ICU)of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China between October 2022 and February 2023 and who met the study inclusion/exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in the SAH catheter group received a SAH catheter,while patients in the conventional catheter group received a conventional siliconized latex Foley catheter.The main outcome measure was the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections(CAUTIs).Secondary outcome indicators included urine positivity for white blood cells and positive urine cultures on 3 days,7 days,10 days,and 14 days after catheterization,number of viable bacteria in the catheter biofilm on day 14,pathogenic characteristics of positive urine cultures,length of ICU stay,overall hospital stay,ICU mortality,and 28-day mortality.All the data were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 68 patients in the conventional catheter group and 64 patients in the SAH catheter group were included in the study.On day 7 after catheter placement,the positivity rate for urinary white blood cells was significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group(33.8%vs.15.6%,P=0.016).On day 10,the rates of positive urine cultures(27.9%vs.10.9%,P=0.014)and CAUTIs(22.1%vs.7.8%,P=0.023)were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group.On day 14,the numbers of viable bacteria isolated from the catheter tip([3.21±1.91]×10^(6) colony-forming units[cfu]/mL vs.[7.44±2.22]×10^(4) cfu/mL,P<0.001),balloon segment([7.30±1.99]×10^(7) cfu/mL vs.[3.48±2.38]×10^(5) cfu/mL,P<0.001),and tail section([6.41±2.07]×10^(5) cfu/mL vs.[8.50±1.46]×10^(3) cfu/mL,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the conventional catheter group than in the SAH catheter group.The most common bacteria in the urine of patients in both groups were Escherichia coli(n=13)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=6),with only one case of Candida in each group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of ICU hospitalization time,total hospitalization time,ICU mortality,and 28-day mortality.Conclusion:SAH catheters can effectively inhibit the formation of catheter-related bacterial biofilms in critically ill patients and reduce the incidence of CAUTIs,compared with conventional siliconized latex Foley catheters;however,regular replacement of the catheter is still necessary.
基金Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Founda- tion of China （11071117, 11274109） and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （BK20141409）.
文摘This paper proposes a direct search frame-based adaptive Barzilai-Borwein method for unconstrained minimization. The method is based on the framework of frame-based algorithms proposed by Coope and Price, but we use the strategy of ABB method and the rotational minimal positive basis to reduce the computation work at each iteration. Under some mild assumptions, the convergence of this approach will be established. Through five hundreds and twenty numerical tests using the CUTEr test problem library, we show that the proposed method is promising.
