Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computati...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computational resources. In this paper, the LAA images-oriented tensor decomposition and knowledge distillation-based network(TDKD-Net) is proposed,where the TT-format TD(tensor decomposition) and equalweighted response-based KD(knowledge distillation) methods are designed to minimize redundant parameters while ensuring comparable performance. Moreover, some robust network structures are developed, including the small object detection head and the dual-domain attention mechanism, which enable the model to leverage the learned knowledge from small-scale targets and selectively focus on salient features. Considering the imbalance of bounding box regression samples and the inaccuracy of regression geometric factors, the focal and efficient IoU(intersection of union) loss with optimal transport assignment(F-EIoU-OTA)mechanism is proposed to improve the detection accuracy. The proposed TDKD-Net is comprehensively evaluated through extensive experiments, and the results have demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority of the developed methods in comparison to other advanced detection algorithms, which also present high generalization and strong robustness. As a resource-efficient precise network, the complex detection of small and occluded LAA objects is also well addressed by TDKD-Net, which provides useful insights on handling imbalanced issues and realizing domain adaptation.展开更多
Transfer learning could reduce the time and resources required by the training of new models and be therefore important for generalized applications of the trainedmachine learning algorithms.In this study,a transfer l...Transfer learning could reduce the time and resources required by the training of new models and be therefore important for generalized applications of the trainedmachine learning algorithms.In this study,a transfer learningenhanced convolutional neural network(CNN)was proposed to identify the gross weight and the axle weight of moving vehicles on the bridge.The proposed transfer learning-enhanced CNN model was expected to weigh different bridges based on a small amount of training datasets and provide high identification accuracy.First of all,a CNN algorithm for bridge weigh-in-motion(B-WIM)technology was proposed to identify the axle weight and the gross weight of the typical two-axle,three-axle,and five-axle vehicles as they crossed the bridge with different loading routes and speeds.Then,the pre-trained CNN model was transferred by fine-tuning to weigh themoving vehicle on another bridge.Finally,the identification accuracy and the amount of training data required were compared between the two CNN models.Results showed that the pre-trained CNN model using transfer learning for B-WIM technology could be successfully used for the identification of the axle weight and the gross weight for moving vehicles on another bridge while reducing the training data by 63%.Moreover,the recognition accuracy of the pre-trained CNN model using transfer learning was comparable to that of the original model,showing its promising potentials in the actual applications.展开更多
Cryptocurrency, as a typical application scene of blockchain, has attracted broad interests from both industrial and academic communities. With its rapid development, the cryptocurrency transaction network embedding(C...Cryptocurrency, as a typical application scene of blockchain, has attracted broad interests from both industrial and academic communities. With its rapid development, the cryptocurrency transaction network embedding(CTNE) has become a hot topic. It embeds transaction nodes into low-dimensional feature space while effectively maintaining a network structure,thereby discovering desired patterns demonstrating involved users' normal and abnormal behaviors. Based on a wide investigation into the state-of-the-art CTNE, this survey has made the following efforts: 1) categorizing recent progress of CTNE methods, 2) summarizing the publicly available cryptocurrency transaction network datasets, 3) evaluating several widely-adopted methods to show their performance in several typical evaluation protocols, and 4) discussing the future trends of CTNE. By doing so, it strives to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of existing CTNE methods from static to dynamic perspectives,thereby promoting further research into this emerging and important field.展开更多
The semi-blind deconvolution algorithm improves the separation accuracy by introducing reference information.However,the separation performance depends largely on the construction of reference signals.To improve the r...The semi-blind deconvolution algorithm improves the separation accuracy by introducing reference information.However,the separation performance depends largely on the construction of reference signals.To improve the robustness of the semi-blind deconvolution algorithm to the reference signals and the convergence speed,the reference-based cubic blind deconvolution algorithm is proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm can be combined with the contribution evaluation to provide trustworthy guidance for suppressing satellite micro-vibration.The normalized reference-based cubic contrast function is proposed and the validity of the new contrast function is theoretically proved.By deriving the optimal step size of gradient iteration under the new contrast function,we propose an efficient adaptive step optimization method.Furthermore,the contribution evaluation method based on vector projection is presented to implement the source contribution evaluation.Numerical simulation analysis is carried out to validate the availability and superiority of this method.Further tests given by the simulated satellite experiment and satellite ground experiment also confirm the effectiveness.The signals of control moment gyroscope and flywheel were extracted,respectively,and the contribution evaluation of vibration sources to the sensitive load area was realized.This research proposes a more accurate and robust algorithm for the source separation and provides an effective tool for the quantitative identification of the mechanical vibration sources.展开更多
Terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)is an important indicator for coupling plant photosynthesis and transpiration,and is also a key factor linking the carbon and water cycles between the land and atmosphere...Terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)is an important indicator for coupling plant photosynthesis and transpiration,and is also a key factor linking the carbon and water cycles between the land and atmosphere.However,under the combination of climate change and human intervention,the change in WUE is still unclear,especially on the Tibetan Plateau(TP).Therefore,satellite remote sensing data and process-based terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)are used in this study to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of WUE over the TP from 2001 to 2010.Then,the effects of land use and land cover change(LULCC)and CO_(2) fertilization on WUE from 1981-2010 are assessed using TBMs.Results show that climate change is the leading contributor to the change in WUE on the TP,and temperature is the most important factor.LULCC makes a negative contribution to WUE(-20.63%),which is greater than the positive contribution of CO_(2) fertilization(11.65%).In addition,CO_(2) fertilization can effectively improve ecosystem resilience on the TP.On the northwest plateau,the effects of LULCC and CO_(2) fertilization on WUE are more pronounced during the driest years than the annual average.These findings can help researchers understand the response of WUE to climate change and human activity and the coupling of the carbon and water cycles over the TP.展开更多
Spatial and temporal distribution of abundance,community structure and succession,and mortality of zooplankton were examined in a subtropical bay—the Qinzhou Bay,Guangxi,South China,to evaluate the impact of oyster c...Spatial and temporal distribution of abundance,community structure and succession,and mortality of zooplankton were examined in a subtropical bay—the Qinzhou Bay,Guangxi,South China,to evaluate the impact of oyster culture on zooplankton.Data on zooplankton abundance,phytoplankton biomass,and environmental parameters were collected in 12 routine samplings at four sites in the Qinzhou Bay in 2018.Results show that the hydrological environment in the estuary affected the temporal variation of zooplankton of the Qinzhou Bay.However,the oyster culture affected the spatial distributions of zooplankton.The abundance of zooplankton outside the oyster farm was higher than that inside,whereas the mortality outside the oyster farm,on the contrary,was lower than that inside.Oyster culture in the Qinzhou Bay had built a significant impact on the abundance and community composition of zooplankton,and the food shortage caused by the ingestion of oyster might exacerbate the mortality of zooplankton in the Qinzhou Bay.In addition,the large-scale oyster culture increased the spatial heterogeneity of the community structure of zooplankton inside and outside the oyster farms.Findings of this study provide a reference for future policy-making in aquaculture management.展开更多
BACKGROUND The small intestine is known to play a crucial role in the development and remission of diabetes mellitus(DM).However,the exact mechanism by which mid-small intestinal bypass improves glucose metabolism in ...BACKGROUND The small intestine is known to play a crucial role in the development and remission of diabetes mellitus(DM).However,the exact mechanism by which mid-small intestinal bypass improves glucose metabolism in diabetic rats is not fully understood.AIM To elucidate the mechanisms by which mid-small intestinal bypass improves glucose metabolism.METHODS Streptozotocin(STZ)was used to induce DM in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats at a dose of 60 mg/kg.The rats were then randomly divided into two groups:The mid-small intestine bypass(MSIB)group and the sham group(underwent switch laparotomy).Following a 6-wk recovery period post-surgery,the rats underwent various assessments,including metabolic parameter testing,analysis of liver glycogen levels,measurement of key gluconeogenic enzyme activity,characterization of the gut microbiota composition,evaluation of hormone levels,determination of bile acid concentrations,and assessment of the expression of the intestinal receptors Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 and farnesoid X receptor.RESULTS The MSIB group of rats demonstrated improved glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism,along with increased hepatic glycogen content.Furthermore,there was a decrease in the expression of the key gluconeogenic enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 and glucose-6-phosphatase.Importantly,the MSIB group exhibited a substantial increase in the abundances of intestinal Lactobacillus,Clostridium symbiosum,Ruminococcus gnavus,and Bilophila.Moreover,higher levels of secondary bile acids,such as intestinal lithocholic acid,were observed in this group.Remarkably,the changes in the gut microbiota showed a significant correlation with the expression of key gluconeogenic enzymes and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)at 6 wk postoperatively,highlighting their potential role in glucose regulation.These findings highlight the beneficial effects of mid-small intestine bypass on glucose metabolism and the associated modulation of the gut microbiota.CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that the introduction of postoperative intestinal Clostridium symbiosum in the mid-small intestine contributes to the enhancement of glucose metabolism in nonobese diabetic rats.This improvement is attributed to the increased inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis mediated by GLP-1,resulting in a favorable modulation of glucose homeostasis.展开更多
Hydrostatic pressure provides an efficient way to tune and optimize the properties of solid materials without chang-ing their composition.In this work,we investigate the electronic,optical,and mechanical properties of...Hydrostatic pressure provides an efficient way to tune and optimize the properties of solid materials without chang-ing their composition.In this work,we investigate the electronic,optical,and mechanical properties of antiperovskite X_(3)NP(X^(2+)=Ca,Mg)upon compression by first-principles calculations.Our results reveal that the system is anisotropic,and the lat-tice constant a of X_(3)NP exhibits the fastest rate of decrease upon compression among the three directions,which is different from the typical Pnma phase of halide and chalcogenide perovskites.Meanwhile,Ca_(3)NP has higher compressibility than Mg_(3)NP due to its small bulk modulus.The electronic and optical properties of Mg_(3)NP show small fluctuations upon compression,but those of Ca_(3)NP are more sensitive to pressure due to its higher compressibility and lower unoccupied 3d orbital energy.For example,the band gap,lattice dielectric constant,and exciton binding energy of Ca_(3)NP decrease rapidly as the pressure increases.In addition,the increase in pressure significantly improves the optical absorption and theoretical conversion effi-ciency of Ca_(3)NP.Finally,the mechanical properties of X_(3)NP are also increased upon compression due to the reduction in bond length,while inducing a brittle-to-ductile transition.Our research provides theoretical guidance and insights for future experi-mental tuning of the physical properties of antiperovskite semiconductors by pressure.展开更多
High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI)data subject to the nonnegativity constraints are commonly encountered in a big data-related application concerning the interactions among numerous nodes.A nonnegative latent factor...High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI)data subject to the nonnegativity constraints are commonly encountered in a big data-related application concerning the interactions among numerous nodes.A nonnegative latent factor analysis(NLFA)model can perform representation learning to HDI data efficiently.However,existing NLFA models suffer from either slow convergence rate or representation accuracy loss.To address this issue,this paper proposes a proximal alternating-directionmethod-of-multipliers-based nonnegative latent factor analysis(PAN)model with two-fold ideas:(1)adopting the principle of alternating-direction-method-of-multipliers to implement an efficient learning scheme for fast convergence and high computational efficiency;and(2)incorporating the proximal regularization into the learning scheme to suppress the optimization fluctuation for high representation learning accuracy to HDI data.Theoretical studies verify that PAN converges to a Karush-KuhnTucker(KKT)stationary point of its nonnegativity-constrained learning objective with its learning scheme.Experimental results on eight HDI matrices from real applications demonstrate that the proposed PAN model outperforms several state-of-the-art models in both estimation accuracy for missing data of an HDI matrix and computational efficiency.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter presents a novel tensor-distribution-regression model based on 3D conventional neural networks(3D-TDR) with an application to clinical score prediction in aging-related diagnosis. The estimatio...Dear Editor,This letter presents a novel tensor-distribution-regression model based on 3D conventional neural networks(3D-TDR) with an application to clinical score prediction in aging-related diagnosis. The estimation of clinical scores of subjects using brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) helps understand the pathological stage of dementia.展开更多
Osimertinib,a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKIs),is approved globally as the first-line treatment for patients with EGFR mutations(EGFRm:Ex19del/L858R)and T790M resi...Osimertinib,a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKIs),is approved globally as the first-line treatment for patients with EGFR mutations(EGFRm:Ex19del/L858R)and T790M resistance mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).[1−3]With its widespread use,the cardiotoxicity of osimertinib has been of great concern.According to the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System(FAERS),the main cardiac-related adverse events with EGFR-TKIs are heart failure,QT prolongation,atrial fibrillation,acute myocardial infarction and pericardial effusion,and osimertinib has a higher incidence of QT prolongation,heart failure and atrial fibrillation than other EGFR-TKIs.展开更多
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSw-NP)is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder of the sinonasal mucosa,characterized by a high relapse rate after medical and surgical treatments[1].Endoscopic sinus su...Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSw-NP)is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder of the sinonasal mucosa,characterized by a high relapse rate after medical and surgical treatments[1].Endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS)is the preferred treatment for CRSwNP in patients who have failed to respond to medical therapy[2].However,the postoperative complications will impair the recovery of patients,and accompanying post-operative outpatient visits may contribute to patient discomfort[3]Suppressing postoperative mucosa edema and improving mucosa recovery is critical to reducing the disease relapse after ESS.The steroid-eluting sinus stent(SESS)represents a promising emerging therapy for CRSwNP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Different metabolic/bariatric surgery approaches vary in their effect on weight loss and glucose levels,although the underlying mechanism is unclear.Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota might b...BACKGROUND Different metabolic/bariatric surgery approaches vary in their effect on weight loss and glucose levels,although the underlying mechanism is unclear.Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota might be an important mechanism of improved metabolism after metabolic/bariatric surgery.AIM To investigate the relationship between the improvement in metabolic disturbances and the changes in gut microbiota after gastric or intestinal bypass.METHODS We performed sleeve gastrectomy(SG),distal small intestine bypass(DSIB)or sham surgery in nonobese rats with diabetes induced by 60 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ-DM).RESULTS The group comparisons revealed that both SG and DSIB induced a reduction in body weight and significant improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism in the STZ-DM rats.Furthermore,DSIB exhibited a stronger glucose-lowering and lipidreducing effect on STZ-DM rats than SG.16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing revealed the gut abundance of some Lactobacillus spp.increased in both the SG and DSIB groups after surgery.However,the DSIB group exhibited a more pronounced increase in the gut abundance of Lactobacillus spp.compared to the SG group,with more Lactobacillus spp.types increased in the gut.CONCLUSION The gut abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly correlated with the improvement in glycolipid metabolism and the change in serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Robotic resection using the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery I-type F method(R-NOSES I-F)is a novel minimally invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.However,the curre...BACKGROUND Robotic resection using the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery I-type F method(R-NOSES I-F)is a novel minimally invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.However,the current literature on this method is limited to case reports,and further investigation into its safety and feasibility is warranted.AIM To evaluate the safety and feasibility of R-NOSES I-F for the treatment of low rectal cancer.METHODS From September 2018 to February 2022,206 patients diagnosed with low rectal cancer at First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were included in this retrospective analysis.Of these patients,22 underwent R-NOSES I-F surgery(RNOSES I-F group)and 76 underwent conventional robotic-assisted low rectal cancer resection(RLRC group).Clinicopathological data of all patients were collected and analyzed.Postoperative outcomes and prognoses were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.RESULTS Patients in the R-NOSES I-F group had a significantly lower visual analog score for pain on postoperative day 1(1.7±0.7 vs 2.2±0.6,P=0.003)and shorter postoperative anal venting time(2.7±0.6 vs 3.5±0.7,P<0.001)than those in the RLRC group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex,age,body mass index,tumor size,TNM stage,operative time,intrao-perative bleeding,postoperative complications,or inflammatory response(P>0.05).Postoperative anal and urinary functions,as assessed by Wexner,low anterior resection syndrome,and International Prostate Symptom Scale scores,were similar in both groups(P>0.05).Long-term follow-up revealed no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION R-NOSES I-F is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.It improves pain relief,promotes gastrointestinal function recovery,and helps avoid incision-related complications.展开更多
With the continuous improvement of automation,industrial robots have become an indispensable part of automated production lines.They widely used in a number of industrial production activities,such as spraying,welding...With the continuous improvement of automation,industrial robots have become an indispensable part of automated production lines.They widely used in a number of industrial production activities,such as spraying,welding,handling,etc.,and have a great role in these sectors.Recently,the robotic technology is developing towards high precision,high intelligence.Robot calibration technology has a great significance to improve the accuracy of robot.However,it has much work to be done in the identification of robot parameters.The parameter identification work of existing serial and parallel robots is introduced.On the one hand,it summarizes the methods for parameter calibration and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.On the other hand,the application of parameter identification is introduced.This overview has a great reference value for robot manufacturers to choose proper identification method,points further research areas for researchers.Finally,this paper analyzes the existing problems in robot calibration,which may be worth researching in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 (AZGP1) plays important roles in metabolism-related diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of AZGP1 remain unknown in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease...BACKGROUND Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 (AZGP1) plays important roles in metabolism-related diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of AZGP1 remain unknown in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AIM To explore the effects and potential mechanism of AZGP1 on NAFLD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The expression of AZGP1 and its effects on hepatocytes were examined in NAFLD patients, CCl4-treated mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), and human LO2 cells. RESULTS AZGP1 levels were significantly decreased in liver tissues of NAFLD patients and mice. AZGP1 knockdown was found to activate inflammation;enhance steatogenesis, including promoting lipogenesis [sterol regulatory elementbinding protein (SREBP)-1c, liver X receptor (LXR), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD)-1], increasing lipid transport and accumulation [fatty acid transport protein (FATP), carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT)-1A, and adiponectin], and reducing fatty acid β-oxidation [farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α];accelerate proliferation;and reverse apoptosis in LO2 cells. AZGP1 overexpression (OV-AZGP1) had the opposite effects. Furthermore, AZGP1 alleviated NAFLD by blocking TNF-α-mediated inflammation and intracellular lipid deposition, promoting proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis in LO2 cells. Finally, treatment with OV-AZGP1 plasmid dramatically improved liver injury and eliminated liver fat in NAFLD mice. CONCLUSION AZGP1 attenuates NAFLD with regard to ameliorating inflammation, accelerating lipolysis, promoting proliferation, and reducing apoptosis by negatively regulating TNF-α. AZGP1 is suggested to be a novel promising therapeutic target for NAFLD.展开更多
Monosialoganglioside 1(GM1) is the main ganglioside subtype and has neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to determine whether GM1 alleviates neurotoxicity induced by modera...Monosialoganglioside 1(GM1) is the main ganglioside subtype and has neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to determine whether GM1 alleviates neurotoxicity induced by moderate and high concentrations of propofol combined with remifentanil in the immature central nervous system. Hippocampal neural stem cells were isolated from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with remifentanil(5, 10, 20 ng/m L) and propofol(1.0, 2.5, 5.0 μg/m L), and/or GM1(12.5, 25, 50 μg/m L). GM1 reversed combined propofol and remifentanil-induced decreases in the percentage of 5-bromodeoxyuridine(+) cells and also reversed the increase in apoptotic cell percentage during neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, GM1 with combined propofol and remifentanil did not affect β-tubulin(+) or glial fibrillary acidic protein(+) cell percentage during neural stem cell differentiation. In conclusion, we show that GM1 alleviates the damaging effects of propofol combined with remifentanil at moderate and high exposure concentrations in neural stem cells in vitro, and exerts protective effects on the immature central nervous system.展开更多
In the past three years, RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease from the microbial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) adaptive immune system has been used to facilitate efficient genome editing in man...In the past three years, RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease from the microbial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) adaptive immune system has been used to facilitate efficient genome editing in many model and non-model animals. However, its application in nonhuman primates is still at the early stage, though in view of the similarities in anatomy, physiology, behavior and genetics, closely related nonhuman primates serve as optimal models for human biology and disease studies. In this review, we summarize the current proceedings of gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in nonhuman primates.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62073271)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Fujian Province of China (2023J06010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(20720220076)。
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computational resources. In this paper, the LAA images-oriented tensor decomposition and knowledge distillation-based network(TDKD-Net) is proposed,where the TT-format TD(tensor decomposition) and equalweighted response-based KD(knowledge distillation) methods are designed to minimize redundant parameters while ensuring comparable performance. Moreover, some robust network structures are developed, including the small object detection head and the dual-domain attention mechanism, which enable the model to leverage the learned knowledge from small-scale targets and selectively focus on salient features. Considering the imbalance of bounding box regression samples and the inaccuracy of regression geometric factors, the focal and efficient IoU(intersection of union) loss with optimal transport assignment(F-EIoU-OTA)mechanism is proposed to improve the detection accuracy. The proposed TDKD-Net is comprehensively evaluated through extensive experiments, and the results have demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority of the developed methods in comparison to other advanced detection algorithms, which also present high generalization and strong robustness. As a resource-efficient precise network, the complex detection of small and occluded LAA objects is also well addressed by TDKD-Net, which provides useful insights on handling imbalanced issues and realizing domain adaptation.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52208213)the Excellent Youth Foundation of Education Department in Hunan Province(Grant No.22B0141)+1 种基金the Xiaohe Sci-Tech Talents Special Funding under Hunan Provincial Sci-Tech Talents Sponsorship Program(2023TJ-X65)the Science Foundation of Xiangtan University(Grant No.21QDZ23).
文摘Transfer learning could reduce the time and resources required by the training of new models and be therefore important for generalized applications of the trainedmachine learning algorithms.In this study,a transfer learningenhanced convolutional neural network(CNN)was proposed to identify the gross weight and the axle weight of moving vehicles on the bridge.The proposed transfer learning-enhanced CNN model was expected to weigh different bridges based on a small amount of training datasets and provide high identification accuracy.First of all,a CNN algorithm for bridge weigh-in-motion(B-WIM)technology was proposed to identify the axle weight and the gross weight of the typical two-axle,three-axle,and five-axle vehicles as they crossed the bridge with different loading routes and speeds.Then,the pre-trained CNN model was transferred by fine-tuning to weigh themoving vehicle on another bridge.Finally,the identification accuracy and the amount of training data required were compared between the two CNN models.Results showed that the pre-trained CNN model using transfer learning for B-WIM technology could be successfully used for the identification of the axle weight and the gross weight for moving vehicles on another bridge while reducing the training data by 63%.Moreover,the recognition accuracy of the pre-trained CNN model using transfer learning was comparable to that of the original model,showing its promising potentials in the actual applications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62272078)the CAAI-Huawei MindSpore Open Fund (CAAIXSJLJJ-2021-035A)the Doctoral Student Talent Training Program of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BYJS202009)。
文摘Cryptocurrency, as a typical application scene of blockchain, has attracted broad interests from both industrial and academic communities. With its rapid development, the cryptocurrency transaction network embedding(CTNE) has become a hot topic. It embeds transaction nodes into low-dimensional feature space while effectively maintaining a network structure,thereby discovering desired patterns demonstrating involved users' normal and abnormal behaviors. Based on a wide investigation into the state-of-the-art CTNE, this survey has made the following efforts: 1) categorizing recent progress of CTNE methods, 2) summarizing the publicly available cryptocurrency transaction network datasets, 3) evaluating several widely-adopted methods to show their performance in several typical evaluation protocols, and 4) discussing the future trends of CTNE. By doing so, it strives to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of existing CTNE methods from static to dynamic perspectives,thereby promoting further research into this emerging and important field.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51775410)Science Challenge Project of China(Grant No.TZ2018007).
文摘The semi-blind deconvolution algorithm improves the separation accuracy by introducing reference information.However,the separation performance depends largely on the construction of reference signals.To improve the robustness of the semi-blind deconvolution algorithm to the reference signals and the convergence speed,the reference-based cubic blind deconvolution algorithm is proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm can be combined with the contribution evaluation to provide trustworthy guidance for suppressing satellite micro-vibration.The normalized reference-based cubic contrast function is proposed and the validity of the new contrast function is theoretically proved.By deriving the optimal step size of gradient iteration under the new contrast function,we propose an efficient adaptive step optimization method.Furthermore,the contribution evaluation method based on vector projection is presented to implement the source contribution evaluation.Numerical simulation analysis is carried out to validate the availability and superiority of this method.Further tests given by the simulated satellite experiment and satellite ground experiment also confirm the effectiveness.The signals of control moment gyroscope and flywheel were extracted,respectively,and the contribution evaluation of vibration sources to the sensitive load area was realized.This research proposes a more accurate and robust algorithm for the source separation and provides an effective tool for the quantitative identification of the mechanical vibration sources.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) (Grant No. 2019QZKK0206)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA20100300)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2021073)the National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project “Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility ” (EarthLab), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2020JJ4074)the Open Fund Project of Key Lab of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education (2021VGE04)
文摘Terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)is an important indicator for coupling plant photosynthesis and transpiration,and is also a key factor linking the carbon and water cycles between the land and atmosphere.However,under the combination of climate change and human intervention,the change in WUE is still unclear,especially on the Tibetan Plateau(TP).Therefore,satellite remote sensing data and process-based terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)are used in this study to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of WUE over the TP from 2001 to 2010.Then,the effects of land use and land cover change(LULCC)and CO_(2) fertilization on WUE from 1981-2010 are assessed using TBMs.Results show that climate change is the leading contributor to the change in WUE on the TP,and temperature is the most important factor.LULCC makes a negative contribution to WUE(-20.63%),which is greater than the positive contribution of CO_(2) fertilization(11.65%).In addition,CO_(2) fertilization can effectively improve ecosystem resilience on the TP.On the northwest plateau,the effects of LULCC and CO_(2) fertilization on WUE are more pronounced during the driest years than the annual average.These findings can help researchers understand the response of WUE to climate change and human activity and the coupling of the carbon and water cycles over the TP.
基金Supported by the Research Fund of the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi(Nos.Guike AB20297018,Guike AB20297037,Guike AB22035035,Guike AB22035065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41876112)。
文摘Spatial and temporal distribution of abundance,community structure and succession,and mortality of zooplankton were examined in a subtropical bay—the Qinzhou Bay,Guangxi,South China,to evaluate the impact of oyster culture on zooplankton.Data on zooplankton abundance,phytoplankton biomass,and environmental parameters were collected in 12 routine samplings at four sites in the Qinzhou Bay in 2018.Results show that the hydrological environment in the estuary affected the temporal variation of zooplankton of the Qinzhou Bay.However,the oyster culture affected the spatial distributions of zooplankton.The abundance of zooplankton outside the oyster farm was higher than that inside,whereas the mortality outside the oyster farm,on the contrary,was lower than that inside.Oyster culture in the Qinzhou Bay had built a significant impact on the abundance and community composition of zooplankton,and the food shortage caused by the ingestion of oyster might exacerbate the mortality of zooplankton in the Qinzhou Bay.In addition,the large-scale oyster culture increased the spatial heterogeneity of the community structure of zooplankton inside and outside the oyster farms.Findings of this study provide a reference for future policy-making in aquaculture management.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82060161,81960154,and 81760156Jiangxi Provincial Youth Science Foundation,No.2018ACB21040+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,No.20212BAB206020and Foundation of Health commission of Jiangxi Province,No.SKJP220225830.
文摘BACKGROUND The small intestine is known to play a crucial role in the development and remission of diabetes mellitus(DM).However,the exact mechanism by which mid-small intestinal bypass improves glucose metabolism in diabetic rats is not fully understood.AIM To elucidate the mechanisms by which mid-small intestinal bypass improves glucose metabolism.METHODS Streptozotocin(STZ)was used to induce DM in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats at a dose of 60 mg/kg.The rats were then randomly divided into two groups:The mid-small intestine bypass(MSIB)group and the sham group(underwent switch laparotomy).Following a 6-wk recovery period post-surgery,the rats underwent various assessments,including metabolic parameter testing,analysis of liver glycogen levels,measurement of key gluconeogenic enzyme activity,characterization of the gut microbiota composition,evaluation of hormone levels,determination of bile acid concentrations,and assessment of the expression of the intestinal receptors Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 and farnesoid X receptor.RESULTS The MSIB group of rats demonstrated improved glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism,along with increased hepatic glycogen content.Furthermore,there was a decrease in the expression of the key gluconeogenic enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 and glucose-6-phosphatase.Importantly,the MSIB group exhibited a substantial increase in the abundances of intestinal Lactobacillus,Clostridium symbiosum,Ruminococcus gnavus,and Bilophila.Moreover,higher levels of secondary bile acids,such as intestinal lithocholic acid,were observed in this group.Remarkably,the changes in the gut microbiota showed a significant correlation with the expression of key gluconeogenic enzymes and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)at 6 wk postoperatively,highlighting their potential role in glucose regulation.These findings highlight the beneficial effects of mid-small intestine bypass on glucose metabolism and the associated modulation of the gut microbiota.CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that the introduction of postoperative intestinal Clostridium symbiosum in the mid-small intestine contributes to the enhancement of glucose metabolism in nonobese diabetic rats.This improvement is attributed to the increased inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis mediated by GLP-1,resulting in a favorable modulation of glucose homeostasis.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KJQN202100626)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KJQN202200619)+3 种基金supported by Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars (Grant No. XSQD-202222008)the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12204081)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. 2022NSCQ-MSX2540)supported by TianHe Qingsuo Project-spec ial fund project
文摘Hydrostatic pressure provides an efficient way to tune and optimize the properties of solid materials without chang-ing their composition.In this work,we investigate the electronic,optical,and mechanical properties of antiperovskite X_(3)NP(X^(2+)=Ca,Mg)upon compression by first-principles calculations.Our results reveal that the system is anisotropic,and the lat-tice constant a of X_(3)NP exhibits the fastest rate of decrease upon compression among the three directions,which is different from the typical Pnma phase of halide and chalcogenide perovskites.Meanwhile,Ca_(3)NP has higher compressibility than Mg_(3)NP due to its small bulk modulus.The electronic and optical properties of Mg_(3)NP show small fluctuations upon compression,but those of Ca_(3)NP are more sensitive to pressure due to its higher compressibility and lower unoccupied 3d orbital energy.For example,the band gap,lattice dielectric constant,and exciton binding energy of Ca_(3)NP decrease rapidly as the pressure increases.In addition,the increase in pressure significantly improves the optical absorption and theoretical conversion effi-ciency of Ca_(3)NP.Finally,the mechanical properties of X_(3)NP are also increased upon compression due to the reduction in bond length,while inducing a brittle-to-ductile transition.Our research provides theoretical guidance and insights for future experi-mental tuning of the physical properties of antiperovskite semiconductors by pressure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62272078,U21A2019)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund of China(ZDYF2022SHFZ105)the CAAI-Huawei MindSpore Open Fund(CAAIXSJLJJ-2021-035A)。
文摘High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI)data subject to the nonnegativity constraints are commonly encountered in a big data-related application concerning the interactions among numerous nodes.A nonnegative latent factor analysis(NLFA)model can perform representation learning to HDI data efficiently.However,existing NLFA models suffer from either slow convergence rate or representation accuracy loss.To address this issue,this paper proposes a proximal alternating-directionmethod-of-multipliers-based nonnegative latent factor analysis(PAN)model with two-fold ideas:(1)adopting the principle of alternating-direction-method-of-multipliers to implement an efficient learning scheme for fast convergence and high computational efficiency;and(2)incorporating the proximal regularization into the learning scheme to suppress the optimization fluctuation for high representation learning accuracy to HDI data.Theoretical studies verify that PAN converges to a Karush-KuhnTucker(KKT)stationary point of its nonnegativity-constrained learning objective with its learning scheme.Experimental results on eight HDI matrices from real applications demonstrate that the proposed PAN model outperforms several state-of-the-art models in both estimation accuracy for missing data of an HDI matrix and computational efficiency.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(61902370,62272078,82030066)the CAAI-Huawei Mind Spore Open Fund(CAAIXSJLJJ2021-035A)。
文摘Dear Editor,This letter presents a novel tensor-distribution-regression model based on 3D conventional neural networks(3D-TDR) with an application to clinical score prediction in aging-related diagnosis. The estimation of clinical scores of subjects using brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) helps understand the pathological stage of dementia.
文摘Osimertinib,a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKIs),is approved globally as the first-line treatment for patients with EGFR mutations(EGFRm:Ex19del/L858R)and T790M resistance mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).[1−3]With its widespread use,the cardiotoxicity of osimertinib has been of great concern.According to the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System(FAERS),the main cardiac-related adverse events with EGFR-TKIs are heart failure,QT prolongation,atrial fibrillation,acute myocardial infarction and pericardial effusion,and osimertinib has a higher incidence of QT prolongation,heart failure and atrial fibrillation than other EGFR-TKIs.
文摘Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSw-NP)is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder of the sinonasal mucosa,characterized by a high relapse rate after medical and surgical treatments[1].Endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS)is the preferred treatment for CRSwNP in patients who have failed to respond to medical therapy[2].However,the postoperative complications will impair the recovery of patients,and accompanying post-operative outpatient visits may contribute to patient discomfort[3]Suppressing postoperative mucosa edema and improving mucosa recovery is critical to reducing the disease relapse after ESS.The steroid-eluting sinus stent(SESS)represents a promising emerging therapy for CRSwNP.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760156,81960154 and 82060161the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,No.2018ACB21040,20203BBGL73185,and 20212BAB206020Foundation of Health commission of Jiangxi Province,No.SKJP220225830。
文摘BACKGROUND Different metabolic/bariatric surgery approaches vary in their effect on weight loss and glucose levels,although the underlying mechanism is unclear.Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota might be an important mechanism of improved metabolism after metabolic/bariatric surgery.AIM To investigate the relationship between the improvement in metabolic disturbances and the changes in gut microbiota after gastric or intestinal bypass.METHODS We performed sleeve gastrectomy(SG),distal small intestine bypass(DSIB)or sham surgery in nonobese rats with diabetes induced by 60 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ-DM).RESULTS The group comparisons revealed that both SG and DSIB induced a reduction in body weight and significant improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism in the STZ-DM rats.Furthermore,DSIB exhibited a stronger glucose-lowering and lipidreducing effect on STZ-DM rats than SG.16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing revealed the gut abundance of some Lactobacillus spp.increased in both the SG and DSIB groups after surgery.However,the DSIB group exhibited a more pronounced increase in the gut abundance of Lactobacillus spp.compared to the SG group,with more Lactobacillus spp.types increased in the gut.CONCLUSION The gut abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly correlated with the improvement in glycolipid metabolism and the change in serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81860519.
文摘BACKGROUND Robotic resection using the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery I-type F method(R-NOSES I-F)is a novel minimally invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.However,the current literature on this method is limited to case reports,and further investigation into its safety and feasibility is warranted.AIM To evaluate the safety and feasibility of R-NOSES I-F for the treatment of low rectal cancer.METHODS From September 2018 to February 2022,206 patients diagnosed with low rectal cancer at First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were included in this retrospective analysis.Of these patients,22 underwent R-NOSES I-F surgery(RNOSES I-F group)and 76 underwent conventional robotic-assisted low rectal cancer resection(RLRC group).Clinicopathological data of all patients were collected and analyzed.Postoperative outcomes and prognoses were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.RESULTS Patients in the R-NOSES I-F group had a significantly lower visual analog score for pain on postoperative day 1(1.7±0.7 vs 2.2±0.6,P=0.003)and shorter postoperative anal venting time(2.7±0.6 vs 3.5±0.7,P<0.001)than those in the RLRC group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex,age,body mass index,tumor size,TNM stage,operative time,intrao-perative bleeding,postoperative complications,or inflammatory response(P>0.05).Postoperative anal and urinary functions,as assessed by Wexner,low anterior resection syndrome,and International Prostate Symptom Scale scores,were similar in both groups(P>0.05).Long-term follow-up revealed no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION R-NOSES I-F is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.It improves pain relief,promotes gastrointestinal function recovery,and helps avoid incision-related complications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61772493)in part by the Guangdong Province Universities and College Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2019)in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyjjq X0013)。
文摘With the continuous improvement of automation,industrial robots have become an indispensable part of automated production lines.They widely used in a number of industrial production activities,such as spraying,welding,handling,etc.,and have a great role in these sectors.Recently,the robotic technology is developing towards high precision,high intelligence.Robot calibration technology has a great significance to improve the accuracy of robot.However,it has much work to be done in the identification of robot parameters.The parameter identification work of existing serial and parallel robots is introduced.On the one hand,it summarizes the methods for parameter calibration and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.On the other hand,the application of parameter identification is introduced.This overview has a great reference value for robot manufacturers to choose proper identification method,points further research areas for researchers.Finally,this paper analyzes the existing problems in robot calibration,which may be worth researching in the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570547 and No.81770597the Development Program of China during the 13~(th) Five-year Plan Period,No.2017ZX10203202003005
文摘BACKGROUND Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 (AZGP1) plays important roles in metabolism-related diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of AZGP1 remain unknown in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AIM To explore the effects and potential mechanism of AZGP1 on NAFLD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The expression of AZGP1 and its effects on hepatocytes were examined in NAFLD patients, CCl4-treated mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), and human LO2 cells. RESULTS AZGP1 levels were significantly decreased in liver tissues of NAFLD patients and mice. AZGP1 knockdown was found to activate inflammation;enhance steatogenesis, including promoting lipogenesis [sterol regulatory elementbinding protein (SREBP)-1c, liver X receptor (LXR), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD)-1], increasing lipid transport and accumulation [fatty acid transport protein (FATP), carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT)-1A, and adiponectin], and reducing fatty acid β-oxidation [farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α];accelerate proliferation;and reverse apoptosis in LO2 cells. AZGP1 overexpression (OV-AZGP1) had the opposite effects. Furthermore, AZGP1 alleviated NAFLD by blocking TNF-α-mediated inflammation and intracellular lipid deposition, promoting proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis in LO2 cells. Finally, treatment with OV-AZGP1 plasmid dramatically improved liver injury and eliminated liver fat in NAFLD mice. CONCLUSION AZGP1 attenuates NAFLD with regard to ameliorating inflammation, accelerating lipolysis, promoting proliferation, and reducing apoptosis by negatively regulating TNF-α. AZGP1 is suggested to be a novel promising therapeutic target for NAFLD.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2012FFC060the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei University of Medicine of China,No.2011QDZR-2+4 种基金a grant from the Scientific and Technological Project of Shiyan City of Hubei Province of China,No.14Y13a grant from the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Education Ministry of China,No.201610929005 and No.201210929004the Educational Scientific Foundation of Hubei University of Medicine of China in 2016,No.2016027the Fund of Disciplines Construction of Hubei University of Medicine of China in 2015,No.2015the Scientific Foundation of Affiliated Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine of China in 2016,No.2016JJXM001
文摘Monosialoganglioside 1(GM1) is the main ganglioside subtype and has neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to determine whether GM1 alleviates neurotoxicity induced by moderate and high concentrations of propofol combined with remifentanil in the immature central nervous system. Hippocampal neural stem cells were isolated from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with remifentanil(5, 10, 20 ng/m L) and propofol(1.0, 2.5, 5.0 μg/m L), and/or GM1(12.5, 25, 50 μg/m L). GM1 reversed combined propofol and remifentanil-induced decreases in the percentage of 5-bromodeoxyuridine(+) cells and also reversed the increase in apoptotic cell percentage during neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, GM1 with combined propofol and remifentanil did not affect β-tubulin(+) or glial fibrillary acidic protein(+) cell percentage during neural stem cell differentiation. In conclusion, we show that GM1 alleviates the damaging effects of propofol combined with remifentanil at moderate and high exposure concentrations in neural stem cells in vitro, and exerts protective effects on the immature central nervous system.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB13010000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31130051)
文摘In the past three years, RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease from the microbial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) adaptive immune system has been used to facilitate efficient genome editing in many model and non-model animals. However, its application in nonhuman primates is still at the early stage, though in view of the similarities in anatomy, physiology, behavior and genetics, closely related nonhuman primates serve as optimal models for human biology and disease studies. In this review, we summarize the current proceedings of gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in nonhuman primates.
