Chiglitazar sodium is a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist with independent intellectual property rights in China.It can treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and regulate metabolism by modestly ...Chiglitazar sodium is a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist with independent intellectual property rights in China.It can treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and regulate metabolism by modestly activating PPARα,PPARγ,and PPARδto improve insulin sensitivity,regulate blood glucose,and promote fatty acid oxidation and utilization.Chiglitazar sodium has a significant insulin-sensitizing effect and is advantageous in reducing fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels,particularly at the 48 mg dose in patients with concomitant high triglycerides in terms of blood glucose and triglyceride level control.展开更多
Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) is an economically important fish species in North America, Europe, and China. Various genetic improvement programs and domestication processes have modified its genome sequence ...Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) is an economically important fish species in North America, Europe, and China. Various genetic improvement programs and domestication processes have modified its genome sequence through selective pressure, leaving nucleotide signals that can be detected at the genomic level. In this study,we sequenced 149 largemouth bass fish, including protospecies(imported from the US) and improved breeds(four domestic breeding populations from China). We detected genomic regions harboring certain genes associated with improved traits, which may be useful molecular markers for practical domestication, breeding, and selection. Subsequent analyses of genetic diversity and population structure revealed that the improved breeds have undergone more rigorous genetic changes. Through selective signal analysis, we identified hundreds of putative selective sweep regions in each largemouth bass line. Interestingly, we predicted 103 putative candidate genes potentially subjected to selection,including several associated with growth(psst1 and grb10), early development(klf9, sp4, and sp8), and immune traits(pkn2, sept2, bcl6, and ripk2). These candidate genes represent potential genomic landmarks that could be used to improve important traits of biological and commercial interest. In summary, this study provides a genome-wide map of genetic variations and selection footprints in largemouth bass, which may benefit genetic studies and accelerate genetic improvement of this economically important fish.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of zinc protoporphyrin IX on the response of hepatoma cells to cisplatin and the possible mechanism involved.METHODS:Cytotoxicity was determined using the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-...AIM:To investigate the effect of zinc protoporphyrin IX on the response of hepatoma cells to cisplatin and the possible mechanism involved.METHODS:Cytotoxicity was determined using the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Apoptosis was determined by a flow cytometric assay.Western blotting was used to measure protein expression.Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 activity was measured by determining the level of bilirubin generated in isolated microsomes.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was monitored by flow cytometry.Caspase-3 activity was measured with a colorimetric assay kit.Mice were inoculated with 1×107 tumor cells subcutaneously into the right flanks.All mice were sacrificed 6 wk after the first treatment and tumors were weighed and measured.RESULTS:Overexpression of HO-1 in HepG2 cell line was associated with increased chemoresistance to cisdiaminedichloroplatinum(cisplatin;CDDP)compared to other cell lines in vitro.Inhibition of HO-1 expression or activity by zinc protoporphyrin IX(ZnPP IX)markedly augmented CDDP-mediated cytotoxicity towards all liver cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo.In contrast,induction of HO-1 with hemin increased resistance of tumor cells to CDDP-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,cells treated with ZnPP IX plus CDDP exhibited marked production of intracellular ROS and caspase-3 activity,which paralleled the incidence of cell apoptosis,whereas hemin decreased cellular ROS and caspase-3 activity induced by CDDP.CONCLUSION:ZnPP IX increases cellular sensitivity and susceptibility of liver cancer cell lines to CDDP and this may represent a mechanism of increasing ROS.展开更多
The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,...The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,with a nationally selected breed(“S.grahami,Bayou No.1”)certified in 2018.For the future utilization of this species,its growth rate,disease resistance,and wild adaptability need to be improved,which could be achieved with the help of molecular markerassisted selection(MAS).In the current study,we constructed the first chromosome-level genome of S.grahami,assembled 48 pseudo-chromosomes,and obtained a genome size of 1.49 Gb.We also performed QTL-seq analysis of S.grahami using the highest and lowest bulks(i.e.,largest and smallest size)in both a sibling and random population.We screened two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)(Chr3,14.9-39.1 Mb and Chr17,4.1-27.4 Mb)as major growth-related locations.Several candidate genes(e.g.,map2k5,stat1,phf21a,sox6,and smad6)were also identified,with functions related to growth,such as cell differentiation,neuronal development,skeletal muscle development,chondrogenesis,and immunity.These results built a solid foundation for in-depth MAS studies on the growth traits of S.grahami.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of autotoxicity and the co-effect of autotoxicity and soil microbes from continuous cropping soil on Angelica sinensis growth, root yield and content of essential oils, and soil microbal ...Objective To study the effect of autotoxicity and the co-effect of autotoxicity and soil microbes from continuous cropping soil on Angelica sinensis growth, root yield and content of essential oils, and soil microbal population. Methods The pot experiments were conducted upon A. sinensis seedlings in continuous cropping soil. At the different growth stages, we determined the seedlings in growth parameters, root yield, content of essential oils, ethanol extract, and cultivable microbial populations in rhizosphere soil. Results A. sinensis seedlings were significantly inhibited in growth, root yield and quality. Compared with the control, the composition and structure of soil microbes were changed and the diversity indexes of bacteria functional groups were reduced in rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis. A. sinensis cropping problems were more seriously after the treatment with combination of autotoxicity and soil microbes than with autotoxicity alone. Conclusion The autotoxicity and soil microbes from continuous cropping soil of A. sinensis could cause the continuous cropping obstacle together.展开更多
Background:After the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy(ART)for HIV infected people,increasing numbers of patients have pretreatment drug resistance(PDR).In this study,the prevalence of PDR was evaluated in adults ini...Background:After the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy(ART)for HIV infected people,increasing numbers of patients have pretreatment drug resistance(PDR).In this study,the prevalence of PDR was evaluated in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in China.Methods:Blood samples were obtained from 1943 patients who initiated antiretroviral therapy(ART)in 2017 from 13 provinces or cities in China.Pol sequences were used to analyze drug resistance and construct transmission networks.Logistic regression model was used to estimate the potential factors associated with PDR.Results:In total,1711 eligible patients(76.0%male;87.8%aged≥25 years)were included,of which 117(6.8%)had PDR.The highest rates of PDR were 12.2%in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan and 9.3 and 8.9%in Dehong and Lincang Prefecture of Yunnan.A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that PDR was significantly higher among intravenous drug users(adjusted Odds Ratio(aOR)=2.64,95%CI:1.57–4.44)and individuals from Liangshan,Dehong,and Lincang(aOR=2.04,95%CI:1.26–3.30).In total,754 sequences were used to generate 164 transmission networks.Five transmission networks had two or three sequences containing the same mutations,two networks contained subjects from Liangshan,and one network contained subjects from Dehong.Conclusions:Overall,the PDR prevalence was moderate,with a particularly high prevalence in areas with severe HIV epidemics.These results indicate the importance of continuous PDR monitoring in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy.展开更多
文摘Chiglitazar sodium is a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist with independent intellectual property rights in China.It can treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and regulate metabolism by modestly activating PPARα,PPARγ,and PPARδto improve insulin sensitivity,regulate blood glucose,and promote fatty acid oxidation and utilization.Chiglitazar sodium has a significant insulin-sensitizing effect and is advantageous in reducing fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels,particularly at the 48 mg dose in patients with concomitant high triglycerides in terms of blood glucose and triglyceride level control.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2021B0202020001)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-46)+2 种基金Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of CAFS(2020TD23,2020ZJTD-02)Project of Construction of Guangdong Aquatic Seed Industry Demonstration Base 2021Special Funds for Science Technology Innovation and Industrial Development of Shenzhen Dapeng New District(KJYF202101-02)。
文摘Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) is an economically important fish species in North America, Europe, and China. Various genetic improvement programs and domestication processes have modified its genome sequence through selective pressure, leaving nucleotide signals that can be detected at the genomic level. In this study,we sequenced 149 largemouth bass fish, including protospecies(imported from the US) and improved breeds(four domestic breeding populations from China). We detected genomic regions harboring certain genes associated with improved traits, which may be useful molecular markers for practical domestication, breeding, and selection. Subsequent analyses of genetic diversity and population structure revealed that the improved breeds have undergone more rigorous genetic changes. Through selective signal analysis, we identified hundreds of putative selective sweep regions in each largemouth bass line. Interestingly, we predicted 103 putative candidate genes potentially subjected to selection,including several associated with growth(psst1 and grb10), early development(klf9, sp4, and sp8), and immune traits(pkn2, sept2, bcl6, and ripk2). These candidate genes represent potential genomic landmarks that could be used to improve important traits of biological and commercial interest. In summary, this study provides a genome-wide map of genetic variations and selection footprints in largemouth bass, which may benefit genetic studies and accelerate genetic improvement of this economically important fish.
基金Supported by Xuzhou City Health Bureau Project,China,No.XZZD1128Xuzhou City Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Project,China,No.XWJ2011040
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of zinc protoporphyrin IX on the response of hepatoma cells to cisplatin and the possible mechanism involved.METHODS:Cytotoxicity was determined using the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Apoptosis was determined by a flow cytometric assay.Western blotting was used to measure protein expression.Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 activity was measured by determining the level of bilirubin generated in isolated microsomes.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was monitored by flow cytometry.Caspase-3 activity was measured with a colorimetric assay kit.Mice were inoculated with 1×107 tumor cells subcutaneously into the right flanks.All mice were sacrificed 6 wk after the first treatment and tumors were weighed and measured.RESULTS:Overexpression of HO-1 in HepG2 cell line was associated with increased chemoresistance to cisdiaminedichloroplatinum(cisplatin;CDDP)compared to other cell lines in vitro.Inhibition of HO-1 expression or activity by zinc protoporphyrin IX(ZnPP IX)markedly augmented CDDP-mediated cytotoxicity towards all liver cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo.In contrast,induction of HO-1 with hemin increased resistance of tumor cells to CDDP-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,cells treated with ZnPP IX plus CDDP exhibited marked production of intracellular ROS and caspase-3 activity,which paralleled the incidence of cell apoptosis,whereas hemin decreased cellular ROS and caspase-3 activity induced by CDDP.CONCLUSION:ZnPP IX increases cellular sensitivity and susceptibility of liver cancer cell lines to CDDP and this may represent a mechanism of increasing ROS.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672282,U1702233,U1902202)Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030505,XDA23080500,KFJ-STS-QYZD-101)Program of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(202003AD150017,2018FY001-007)。
文摘The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,with a nationally selected breed(“S.grahami,Bayou No.1”)certified in 2018.For the future utilization of this species,its growth rate,disease resistance,and wild adaptability need to be improved,which could be achieved with the help of molecular markerassisted selection(MAS).In the current study,we constructed the first chromosome-level genome of S.grahami,assembled 48 pseudo-chromosomes,and obtained a genome size of 1.49 Gb.We also performed QTL-seq analysis of S.grahami using the highest and lowest bulks(i.e.,largest and smallest size)in both a sibling and random population.We screened two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)(Chr3,14.9-39.1 Mb and Chr17,4.1-27.4 Mb)as major growth-related locations.Several candidate genes(e.g.,map2k5,stat1,phf21a,sox6,and smad6)were also identified,with functions related to growth,such as cell differentiation,neuronal development,skeletal muscle development,chondrogenesis,and immunity.These results built a solid foundation for in-depth MAS studies on the growth traits of S.grahami.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(31060182)Agricultural Biotechnology Research and Application Development of Gansu province(GNSW-2010-18)
文摘Objective To study the effect of autotoxicity and the co-effect of autotoxicity and soil microbes from continuous cropping soil on Angelica sinensis growth, root yield and content of essential oils, and soil microbal population. Methods The pot experiments were conducted upon A. sinensis seedlings in continuous cropping soil. At the different growth stages, we determined the seedlings in growth parameters, root yield, content of essential oils, ethanol extract, and cultivable microbial populations in rhizosphere soil. Results A. sinensis seedlings were significantly inhibited in growth, root yield and quality. Compared with the control, the composition and structure of soil microbes were changed and the diversity indexes of bacteria functional groups were reduced in rhizosphere soil of A. sinensis. A. sinensis cropping problems were more seriously after the treatment with combination of autotoxicity and soil microbes than with autotoxicity alone. Conclusion The autotoxicity and soil microbes from continuous cropping soil of A. sinensis could cause the continuous cropping obstacle together.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11471336)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017ZX10201101)+1 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Bureau(AB16380213)Guangxi Bagui Honor Scholarship,and Chinese State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control.
文摘Background:After the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy(ART)for HIV infected people,increasing numbers of patients have pretreatment drug resistance(PDR).In this study,the prevalence of PDR was evaluated in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in China.Methods:Blood samples were obtained from 1943 patients who initiated antiretroviral therapy(ART)in 2017 from 13 provinces or cities in China.Pol sequences were used to analyze drug resistance and construct transmission networks.Logistic regression model was used to estimate the potential factors associated with PDR.Results:In total,1711 eligible patients(76.0%male;87.8%aged≥25 years)were included,of which 117(6.8%)had PDR.The highest rates of PDR were 12.2%in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan and 9.3 and 8.9%in Dehong and Lincang Prefecture of Yunnan.A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that PDR was significantly higher among intravenous drug users(adjusted Odds Ratio(aOR)=2.64,95%CI:1.57–4.44)and individuals from Liangshan,Dehong,and Lincang(aOR=2.04,95%CI:1.26–3.30).In total,754 sequences were used to generate 164 transmission networks.Five transmission networks had two or three sequences containing the same mutations,two networks contained subjects from Liangshan,and one network contained subjects from Dehong.Conclusions:Overall,the PDR prevalence was moderate,with a particularly high prevalence in areas with severe HIV epidemics.These results indicate the importance of continuous PDR monitoring in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy.
