Quantum paradoxes are essential means to reveal the incompatibility between quantum and classical theories,among which the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen(EPR)steering paradox offers a sharper criterion for the contradictio...Quantum paradoxes are essential means to reveal the incompatibility between quantum and classical theories,among which the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen(EPR)steering paradox offers a sharper criterion for the contradiction between localhidden-state model and quantum mechanics than the usual inequality-based method.In this work,we present a generalized EPR steering paradox,which predicts a contradictory equality“2Q=(1+δ)C”(0≤δ<1)given by the quantum(Q)and classical(C)theories.For any N-qubit state in which the conditional state of the steered party is pure,we test the paradox through a two-setting steering protocol,and find that the state is steerable if some specific measurement requirements are satisfied.Moreover,our construction also enlightens the building of EPR steering inequality,which may contribute to some schemes for typical quantum teleportation and quantum key distributions.展开更多
As a fundamental characteristic of physical entities,wave-particle duality describes whether a microscopic entity exhibits wave or particle attributes depending on the specific experimental setup.This assumption is pr...As a fundamental characteristic of physical entities,wave-particle duality describes whether a microscopic entity exhibits wave or particle attributes depending on the specific experimental setup.This assumption is premised on the notion that physical properties are inseparable from the objective carrier.However,after the concept of the quantum Cheshire cats was proposed,which makes the separation of physical attributes from the entity possible,the premise no longer holds.Furthermore,an experimental demonstration of the separation of the wave and particle attributes inspired by this scenario remains scarce.In this work,we experimentally separated the wave and particle attributes of a single photon by exploiting the quantum Cheshire cat concept for the first time.By applying a weak disturbance to the evolution of the system,we achieve an effect similar to the quantum Cheshire cat and demonstrated the separation of the wave and particle attributes via the extraction of weak values.Our work provides a new perspective for the in-depth understanding of wave-particle duality and promotes the application of weak measurements in fundamentals of quantum mechanics.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12275136 and 12075001)the 111 Project(Grant No.B23045)the Nankai Zhide Foundation.
文摘Quantum paradoxes are essential means to reveal the incompatibility between quantum and classical theories,among which the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen(EPR)steering paradox offers a sharper criterion for the contradiction between localhidden-state model and quantum mechanics than the usual inequality-based method.In this work,we present a generalized EPR steering paradox,which predicts a contradictory equality“2Q=(1+δ)C”(0≤δ<1)given by the quantum(Q)and classical(C)theories.For any N-qubit state in which the conditional state of the steered party is pure,we test the paradox through a two-setting steering protocol,and find that the state is steerable if some specific measurement requirements are satisfied.Moreover,our construction also enlightens the building of EPR steering inequality,which may contribute to some schemes for typical quantum teleportation and quantum key distributions.
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Nos.2021ZD0301200 and 2021ZD0301400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11821404,61725504,U19A2075,61975195,11875167,12275136,and 12075001)+1 种基金Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies(Grant No.AHY060300)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WK2030380017).
文摘As a fundamental characteristic of physical entities,wave-particle duality describes whether a microscopic entity exhibits wave or particle attributes depending on the specific experimental setup.This assumption is premised on the notion that physical properties are inseparable from the objective carrier.However,after the concept of the quantum Cheshire cats was proposed,which makes the separation of physical attributes from the entity possible,the premise no longer holds.Furthermore,an experimental demonstration of the separation of the wave and particle attributes inspired by this scenario remains scarce.In this work,we experimentally separated the wave and particle attributes of a single photon by exploiting the quantum Cheshire cat concept for the first time.By applying a weak disturbance to the evolution of the system,we achieve an effect similar to the quantum Cheshire cat and demonstrated the separation of the wave and particle attributes via the extraction of weak values.Our work provides a new perspective for the in-depth understanding of wave-particle duality and promotes the application of weak measurements in fundamentals of quantum mechanics.
