Argatroban is a synthetic thrombin inhibitor approved by U.S.Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of thrombosis.However,whether it plays a role in the repair of spinal cord injury is unknown.In this study,we...Argatroban is a synthetic thrombin inhibitor approved by U.S.Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of thrombosis.However,whether it plays a role in the repair of spinal cord injury is unknown.In this study,we established a rat model of T10 moderate spinal cord injury using an NYU Impactor ModerⅢand performed intraperitoneal injection of argatroban for 3 consecutive days.Our results showed that argatroban effectively promoted neurological function recovery after spinal cord injury and decreased thrombin expression and activity in the local injured spinal cord.RNA sequencing transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes in the argatroban-treated group were enriched in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway,which is involved in astrogliosis and glial scar formation.Western blotting and immunofluorescence results showed that argatroban downregulated the expression of the thrombin receptor PAR1 in the injured spinal cord and the JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway.Argatroban also inhibited the activation and proliferation of astrocytes and reduced glial scar formation in the spinal cord.Taken together,these findings suggest that argatroban may inhibit astrogliosis by inhibiting the thrombin-mediated PAR1/JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway,thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Background:This study investigated the multifaceted role of BRCA2(breast cancer 2)in various cancer types,with a specific focus on thyroid carcinoma(THCA).Methods:Data sets were obtained from the University of Califor...Background:This study investigated the multifaceted role of BRCA2(breast cancer 2)in various cancer types,with a specific focus on thyroid carcinoma(THCA).Methods:Data sets were obtained from the University of California Santa Cruz database to analyze BRCA2 expression,genetic alterations,and clinical implications.Sample filtering criteria were applied,and immunohistochemistry from the Human Protein Atlas was used to validate protein expression.Correlation analyses were used to explore associations between immune-related genes,and immunological signatures were assessed using various tools.Genetic alterations in BRCA2 were analyzed using cBioPortal,and prognostic analysis involved evaluating gene expression differences at different clinical stages of THCA.Results:In patients with THCA,differences in BRCA2 expression were observed at both the mRNA and protein levels when comparing tumor and normal tissues.Correlation studies revealed associations between BRCA2 and immune-related genes,emphasizing its potential role in modulating the tumor microenvironment.Immunological signature analyses indicated distinct frequencies of tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets in BRCA2 high versus low tumors.Moreover,genetic alterations in BRCA2,particularly the A2738S mutation in exon 18,have been identified in patients with THCA.The prognostic analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between altered BRCA2 levels and improved overall survival in patients with THCA.Additionally,BRCA2 expression was associated with prognostic factors such as stage and N.Conclusions:This study provides a holistic exploration of BRCA2 in cancer and highlights its diverse roles in expression,immune modulation,genetic alterations,and clinical prognosis.These findings underscore the potential significance of BRCA2 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker and offer valuable insights for future research and potential clinical applications in cancer management.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier is critical for the recove ry of spinal cord injury.Ferro ptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury.We hypothesized that ferroptosis is inv...Maintaining the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier is critical for the recove ry of spinal cord injury.Ferro ptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury.We hypothesized that ferroptosis is involved in disruption of the blood-s pinal cord barrier.In this study,we administe red the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1 intraperitoneally after contusive spinal co rd injury in rats.Liproxstatin-1 improved locomotor recovery and somatosensory evoked potential electrophysiological performance after spinal cord inju ry.Liproxstatin-1 maintained blood-spinal cord barrier integrity by upregulation of the expression of tight junction protein.Liproxstatin-1 inhibited ferroptosis of endothelial cell after spinal cord injury,as shown by the immunofluorescence of an endothelial cell marker(rat endothelium cell antigen-1,RECA-1) and fe rroptosis markers Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 and 15-lipoxygenase.Liproxstatin-1reduced brain endothelial cell ferroptosis in vitro by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 and downregulating Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member4 and 15-lipoxygenase.Furthermore,inflammatory cell recruitment and astrogliosis were mitigated after liproxstatin-1 treatment.In summary,liproxstatin-1im proved spinal cord injury recovery by inhibiting ferroptosis in endothelial cells and maintaining blood-s pinal co rd barrier integrity.展开更多
Non-photosynthetic components within a forest ecosystem account for a large proportion of the canopy but are not involved in photosynthesis.Therefore,the accuracy of gross primary production(GPP)estimates is expected ...Non-photosynthetic components within a forest ecosystem account for a large proportion of the canopy but are not involved in photosynthesis.Therefore,the accuracy of gross primary production(GPP)estimates is expected to improve by removing these components.However,their infl uence in GPP estimations has not been quantitatively evaluated for deciduous forests.Several vegetation indices have been used recently to estimate the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components(FAPAR_(green))for partitioning APAR green(photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components).In this study,the enhanced vegetation index(EVI)estimated FAPAR_(green)and to separate the photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components(APAR green)from total APAR observations(APAR_(total))at two deciduous forest sites.The eddy covariance-light use effi ciency(EC-LUE)algorithm was employed to evaluate the infl uence of non-photosynthetic components and to test the performance of APAR green in GPP estimation.The results show that the infl uence of non-photosynthetic components have a seasonal pattern at deciduous forest sites,large diff erences are observed with normalized root mean square error(RMSE*)values of APAR green-based GPP and APAR_(total)-based GPP between tower-based GPP during the early and end stages,while slight diff erences occurred during peak growth seasons.In addition,daily GPP estimation was significantly improved using the APAR green-based method,giving a higher coeffi cient of determination and lower normalized root mean square error against the GPP estimated by the APAR_(total)-based method.The results demonstrate the signifi cance of partitioning APAR green from APAR_(total)for accurate GPP estimation in deciduous forests.展开更多
A modified electrolyte （CH3COOH-HClO4-A-B） for electropolishing （EP） of NiTi was presented for improving the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the alloy. Using the proposed parameters, a homogeneous and...A modified electrolyte （CH3COOH-HClO4-A-B） for electropolishing （EP） of NiTi was presented for improving the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the alloy. Using the proposed parameters, a homogeneous and uniform surface was obtained. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） revealed that the surface roughness （Ra） for EP sample （23.21 nm） was close to mechanical polishing （MP） sample （19.36 nm）. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） showed that Ti/Ni ratio increased from 3.1 for MP sample to 27.6 for EP sample. Measurements using potentiodynamic polarization in Hanks＇ solution showed that no pitting occurred for EP sample even though the applied potential increased up to 1500 mV （vs SCE）, while the MP sample was broken down at 650 mV. The present study indicates that electropolishing NiTi with this modified electrolyte contributes to the improved biocompatibility of NiTi.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of proteins, salts, sugars and trace elements on soybean rhizobium strain HW-05 by response surface methodology. [Method] Different types, combinati...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of proteins, salts, sugars and trace elements on soybean rhizobium strain HW-05 by response surface methodology. [Method] Different types, combinations, ratios and concentrations of protective agents were designed. Under simulated conditions, the optimal protective agent formulation was screened for improving the survival rate and survival time of soybean rhizobium strain HW-05. The optimal combination of significant factors was determined by Box-Behnken central composite design. [Result] Three significant factors affecting effective number of viable cells were screened, including peptone, xanthan gum and NaCl. The final concentration of each compound was optimized 0. 13% peptone, 0.011% xanthan gum, 0.30% NaCl. [Conclusion] After addition of protective agent and preservation at room temperature for six months, effective number of viable cells of soybean rhizobium strain HW-05 reached 3.185 ×10^8 CFU/ml. The survival rate of HW-05 cells was improved by more than 25% compared with the control group （2.458×10^8 CFU /ml）.展开更多
Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)magnets have attracted great attention recently and possess the unprecedented advantages of incorporating high-quality vdW heterostructures and homostructures into spintronic devic...Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)magnets have attracted great attention recently and possess the unprecedented advantages of incorporating high-quality vdW heterostructures and homostructures into spintronic devices,and exploring various physical phenomena or technologies.Among them,Fe_(5)GeTe_(2)(F5GT)has ferromagnetic order close to room temperature,however the magnetic properties near its intrinsic transitions and F5GT-based 2D devices remain mostly unexplored.Here,we systematically demonstrate the peculiar magnetic properties of Fe_(5)GeTe_(2)nanoflakes near its intrinsic transition temperature(Tp)which is far lower than its Curie temperature(TC)of~265 K,and firstly discover anomalous magnetoresistance effect in F5GT homo-junctions by magneto-transport measurements.The strongest anomalous Hall effect occurs around Tp which is located in a temperature range from 130 to 160 K for the F5GT nanoflakes with different thicknesses.Furthermore,negative magnetoresistance(N-MR)and butterfly-shaped magnetoresistance(B-MR)are observed in F5GT homo-junction devices,and they appeared only in an intermediate temperature range from 110 to 160 K,noticeably showing the maxima near the T_(p)rather than the lowest temperature.Our experimental results clearly reveal the significant influence of intrinsic transitions on magnetic properties of F5GT and magnetoresistance effect in F5GT homo-junction devices,which imply a new strategy to achieve highperformance 2D spintronic devices by tuning intrinsic magnetic or structural transitions in 2D vdW magnets.展开更多
The first Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission(TanSat), which was launched on December 21, 2016, is intended to measure atmospheric CO_2 concentration.The high spectral resolution(0.044 nm) and high SN...The first Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission(TanSat), which was launched on December 21, 2016, is intended to measure atmospheric CO_2 concentration.The high spectral resolution(0.044 nm) and high SNR(360 at 15.2 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1)) measurements in the region of the O_2-A band of the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Grating Spectroradiometer(AGCS) module onboard TanSat make it possible to retrieve solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF) from TanSat observations at the global scale.This paper aims to explore the potential of the TanSat data for global SIF retrieval.A singular vector decomposition(SVD) statistical method was employed to retrieve SIF using radiance over a micro spectral window(～2 nm) around the Fe Fraunhofer lines(centered at 758.8 nm).The global SIF at 758.8 nm was successfully retrieved with a low residual error of 0.03 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1).The results show that the spatial and temporal patterns of the retrieved SIF agree well with the global terrestrial vegetation pattern.The monthly SIF products retrieved from the TanSat data were compared with other remote sensing datasets, including OCO-2 SIF, MODIS NDVI, EVI and GPP.The overall consistency between TanSat and OCO-2 SIF products(R^2= 0.86) and the consistency of the spatial patterns and temporal variations between the TanSat SIF and MODIS vegetation indices and GPP enhance our confidence in the potential and feasibility of TanSat data for SIF retrieval.TanSat, therefore, provides a new opportunity for global sampling of SIF at fine spatial resolution(2 km × 2 km), thus improving photosynthesis observations from space.展开更多
The importance of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF)to monitoring vegetation photosynthesis has attracted much attention from the ecological and remote sensing research communities.Space-borne SIF products ha...The importance of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF)to monitoring vegetation photosynthesis has attracted much attention from the ecological and remote sensing research communities.Space-borne SIF products have been obtained owing to the rapid development of atmospheric satellites in recent years.The SIF Imaging Spectrometer(SIFIS)is a payload onboard the upcoming Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite(TECIS-1)that is specifically designed for SIF monitoring.We conducted an in situ experiment to evaluate the performance of SIFIS on spectral measurement and SIF retrieval through comparison to the commercial spectrometer QE Pro.Disregarding the spatiotemporal mismatch between the collected measurements of the two spectrometers,the radiance spectra obtained synchronously by SIFIS and QE Pro showed a high level of consistency.The SIF retrieval,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and near-infrared radiance of vegetation(NIRvR)results for a push-broom image shows consistent spatial distributions over both vegetated and nonvegetated surfaces.A quantitative comparison was conducted by strictly filtering matching pixels.For the far-red band,a high correlation was obtained between the SIF retrieval performances of SIFIS and QE Pro with R^(2)=0:70 and RMSE=0:30mWm^(−2)sr^(−−1)nm^(−1).However,a relatively poor correlation was observed for the red band with an R^(2)value of 0.23 and an RMSE of 0.26 mWm^(−2)sr^(-−1)nm^(−1).Despite the large uncertainties associated with this experiment,the results indicate that TECIS-1 should offer a reliable SIF monitoring performance after its launch.展开更多
Amino acid intake plays a crucial role in the Warburg effect of cancer.Gut microbes can regulate intestinal amino acid metabolism.However,it is still unknown whether probiotic therapy can protect the host from intesti...Amino acid intake plays a crucial role in the Warburg effect of cancer.Gut microbes can regulate intestinal amino acid metabolism.However,it is still unknown whether probiotic therapy can protect the host from intestinal tumor invasion by reducing amino acid intake.With in vitro methods,three acid-tolerant strains from fermented pickles were screened out.Using azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon cancer models,we evaluated the therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus brevis CLB3,Lactobacillus plantarum XLP,and Lactobacillus johnsonii CM on model mice.Their functional mechanisms were further explained through anatomy section,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemical staining analyses as well as database mining and gut culturomics.The Lactobacillus brevis(L.brevis)CLB3 treatment significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of colon cancer,alleviated colon damage,and inhibited colon carcinogenesis in mice.In addition,this treatment significantly increased gut cultivable Lactobacillus abundance,inhibited the expression and translation levels of the tumor metabolism-related solute carrier(SLC)amino acid transporter including SLC7A5 and SLC7A11,lowered circulating interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)levels,and improved the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and cancer proliferation factors.These findings suggest that L.brevis CLB3 can reduce amino acid transport,inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling and enhance intestinal anti-tumor immune responses,which provides a potential targeting amino acid transporter strategy for preventing colorectal cancer.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81930070(to SF)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972074(to XY)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,No.19JCZDJC34900(to XY)。
文摘Argatroban is a synthetic thrombin inhibitor approved by U.S.Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of thrombosis.However,whether it plays a role in the repair of spinal cord injury is unknown.In this study,we established a rat model of T10 moderate spinal cord injury using an NYU Impactor ModerⅢand performed intraperitoneal injection of argatroban for 3 consecutive days.Our results showed that argatroban effectively promoted neurological function recovery after spinal cord injury and decreased thrombin expression and activity in the local injured spinal cord.RNA sequencing transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes in the argatroban-treated group were enriched in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway,which is involved in astrogliosis and glial scar formation.Western blotting and immunofluorescence results showed that argatroban downregulated the expression of the thrombin receptor PAR1 in the injured spinal cord and the JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway.Argatroban also inhibited the activation and proliferation of astrocytes and reduced glial scar formation in the spinal cord.Taken together,these findings suggest that argatroban may inhibit astrogliosis by inhibiting the thrombin-mediated PAR1/JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway,thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury.
基金supported by a grant from the Nantong City Science and Technology Bureau Project(no.:HS2020005).
文摘Background:This study investigated the multifaceted role of BRCA2(breast cancer 2)in various cancer types,with a specific focus on thyroid carcinoma(THCA).Methods:Data sets were obtained from the University of California Santa Cruz database to analyze BRCA2 expression,genetic alterations,and clinical implications.Sample filtering criteria were applied,and immunohistochemistry from the Human Protein Atlas was used to validate protein expression.Correlation analyses were used to explore associations between immune-related genes,and immunological signatures were assessed using various tools.Genetic alterations in BRCA2 were analyzed using cBioPortal,and prognostic analysis involved evaluating gene expression differences at different clinical stages of THCA.Results:In patients with THCA,differences in BRCA2 expression were observed at both the mRNA and protein levels when comparing tumor and normal tissues.Correlation studies revealed associations between BRCA2 and immune-related genes,emphasizing its potential role in modulating the tumor microenvironment.Immunological signature analyses indicated distinct frequencies of tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets in BRCA2 high versus low tumors.Moreover,genetic alterations in BRCA2,particularly the A2738S mutation in exon 18,have been identified in patients with THCA.The prognostic analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between altered BRCA2 levels and improved overall survival in patients with THCA.Additionally,BRCA2 expression was associated with prognostic factors such as stage and N.Conclusions:This study provides a holistic exploration of BRCA2 in cancer and highlights its diverse roles in expression,immune modulation,genetic alterations,and clinical prognosis.These findings underscore the potential significance of BRCA2 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker and offer valuable insights for future research and potential clinical applications in cancer management.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972074 (to XY)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,No.19JCZDJC34900 (to XY)National Key Research and Development Project of Stem Cell and Transformation Research,No.2019YFA0112100 (to SF)。
文摘Maintaining the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier is critical for the recove ry of spinal cord injury.Ferro ptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury.We hypothesized that ferroptosis is involved in disruption of the blood-s pinal cord barrier.In this study,we administe red the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1 intraperitoneally after contusive spinal co rd injury in rats.Liproxstatin-1 improved locomotor recovery and somatosensory evoked potential electrophysiological performance after spinal cord inju ry.Liproxstatin-1 maintained blood-spinal cord barrier integrity by upregulation of the expression of tight junction protein.Liproxstatin-1 inhibited ferroptosis of endothelial cell after spinal cord injury,as shown by the immunofluorescence of an endothelial cell marker(rat endothelium cell antigen-1,RECA-1) and fe rroptosis markers Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 and 15-lipoxygenase.Liproxstatin-1reduced brain endothelial cell ferroptosis in vitro by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 and downregulating Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member4 and 15-lipoxygenase.Furthermore,inflammatory cell recruitment and astrogliosis were mitigated after liproxstatin-1 treatment.In summary,liproxstatin-1im proved spinal cord injury recovery by inhibiting ferroptosis in endothelial cells and maintaining blood-s pinal co rd barrier integrity.
基金funded by Innovative Research Program of the International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals(No.CBAS2022IRP01)the National Earth System Science Data Sharing Infrastructure(No.2005DKA32300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41825002).
文摘Non-photosynthetic components within a forest ecosystem account for a large proportion of the canopy but are not involved in photosynthesis.Therefore,the accuracy of gross primary production(GPP)estimates is expected to improve by removing these components.However,their infl uence in GPP estimations has not been quantitatively evaluated for deciduous forests.Several vegetation indices have been used recently to estimate the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components(FAPAR_(green))for partitioning APAR green(photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components).In this study,the enhanced vegetation index(EVI)estimated FAPAR_(green)and to separate the photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic components(APAR green)from total APAR observations(APAR_(total))at two deciduous forest sites.The eddy covariance-light use effi ciency(EC-LUE)algorithm was employed to evaluate the infl uence of non-photosynthetic components and to test the performance of APAR green in GPP estimation.The results show that the infl uence of non-photosynthetic components have a seasonal pattern at deciduous forest sites,large diff erences are observed with normalized root mean square error(RMSE*)values of APAR green-based GPP and APAR_(total)-based GPP between tower-based GPP during the early and end stages,while slight diff erences occurred during peak growth seasons.In addition,daily GPP estimation was significantly improved using the APAR green-based method,giving a higher coeffi cient of determination and lower normalized root mean square error against the GPP estimated by the APAR_(total)-based method.The results demonstrate the signifi cance of partitioning APAR green from APAR_(total)for accurate GPP estimation in deciduous forests.
文摘A modified electrolyte （CH3COOH-HClO4-A-B） for electropolishing （EP） of NiTi was presented for improving the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the alloy. Using the proposed parameters, a homogeneous and uniform surface was obtained. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） revealed that the surface roughness （Ra） for EP sample （23.21 nm） was close to mechanical polishing （MP） sample （19.36 nm）. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） showed that Ti/Ni ratio increased from 3.1 for MP sample to 27.6 for EP sample. Measurements using potentiodynamic polarization in Hanks＇ solution showed that no pitting occurred for EP sample even though the applied potential increased up to 1500 mV （vs SCE）, while the MP sample was broken down at 650 mV. The present study indicates that electropolishing NiTi with this modified electrolyte contributes to the improved biocompatibility of NiTi.
基金Supported by Fund of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of proteins, salts, sugars and trace elements on soybean rhizobium strain HW-05 by response surface methodology. [Method] Different types, combinations, ratios and concentrations of protective agents were designed. Under simulated conditions, the optimal protective agent formulation was screened for improving the survival rate and survival time of soybean rhizobium strain HW-05. The optimal combination of significant factors was determined by Box-Behnken central composite design. [Result] Three significant factors affecting effective number of viable cells were screened, including peptone, xanthan gum and NaCl. The final concentration of each compound was optimized 0. 13% peptone, 0.011% xanthan gum, 0.30% NaCl. [Conclusion] After addition of protective agent and preservation at room temperature for six months, effective number of viable cells of soybean rhizobium strain HW-05 reached 3.185 ×10^8 CFU/ml. The survival rate of HW-05 cells was improved by more than 25% compared with the control group （2.458×10^8 CFU /ml）.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1204004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071026,52130103,51971026,and 52201288)+3 种基金the ISF-NSFC Joint Research Program(No.51961145305)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Key Program(No.Z190007)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(No.2022SLABFN18)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.06500140).
文摘Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)magnets have attracted great attention recently and possess the unprecedented advantages of incorporating high-quality vdW heterostructures and homostructures into spintronic devices,and exploring various physical phenomena or technologies.Among them,Fe_(5)GeTe_(2)(F5GT)has ferromagnetic order close to room temperature,however the magnetic properties near its intrinsic transitions and F5GT-based 2D devices remain mostly unexplored.Here,we systematically demonstrate the peculiar magnetic properties of Fe_(5)GeTe_(2)nanoflakes near its intrinsic transition temperature(Tp)which is far lower than its Curie temperature(TC)of~265 K,and firstly discover anomalous magnetoresistance effect in F5GT homo-junctions by magneto-transport measurements.The strongest anomalous Hall effect occurs around Tp which is located in a temperature range from 130 to 160 K for the F5GT nanoflakes with different thicknesses.Furthermore,negative magnetoresistance(N-MR)and butterfly-shaped magnetoresistance(B-MR)are observed in F5GT homo-junction devices,and they appeared only in an intermediate temperature range from 110 to 160 K,noticeably showing the maxima near the T_(p)rather than the lowest temperature.Our experimental results clearly reveal the significant influence of intrinsic transitions on magnetic properties of F5GT and magnetoresistance effect in F5GT homo-junction devices,which imply a new strategy to achieve highperformance 2D spintronic devices by tuning intrinsic magnetic or structural transitions in 2D vdW magnets.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0603001)Scientific Research Satellite Engineering of Civil Space Infrastructure Projectthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671349, 41701396)
文摘The first Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission(TanSat), which was launched on December 21, 2016, is intended to measure atmospheric CO_2 concentration.The high spectral resolution(0.044 nm) and high SNR(360 at 15.2 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1)) measurements in the region of the O_2-A band of the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Grating Spectroradiometer(AGCS) module onboard TanSat make it possible to retrieve solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF) from TanSat observations at the global scale.This paper aims to explore the potential of the TanSat data for global SIF retrieval.A singular vector decomposition(SVD) statistical method was employed to retrieve SIF using radiance over a micro spectral window(～2 nm) around the Fe Fraunhofer lines(centered at 758.8 nm).The global SIF at 758.8 nm was successfully retrieved with a low residual error of 0.03 mW m^(-1) sr^(-1) nm^(-1).The results show that the spatial and temporal patterns of the retrieved SIF agree well with the global terrestrial vegetation pattern.The monthly SIF products retrieved from the TanSat data were compared with other remote sensing datasets, including OCO-2 SIF, MODIS NDVI, EVI and GPP.The overall consistency between TanSat and OCO-2 SIF products(R^2= 0.86) and the consistency of the spatial patterns and temporal variations between the TanSat SIF and MODIS vegetation indices and GPP enhance our confidence in the potential and feasibility of TanSat data for SIF retrieval.TanSat, therefore, provides a new opportunity for global sampling of SIF at fine spatial resolution(2 km × 2 km), thus improving photosynthesis observations from space.
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41825002).
文摘The importance of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF)to monitoring vegetation photosynthesis has attracted much attention from the ecological and remote sensing research communities.Space-borne SIF products have been obtained owing to the rapid development of atmospheric satellites in recent years.The SIF Imaging Spectrometer(SIFIS)is a payload onboard the upcoming Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite(TECIS-1)that is specifically designed for SIF monitoring.We conducted an in situ experiment to evaluate the performance of SIFIS on spectral measurement and SIF retrieval through comparison to the commercial spectrometer QE Pro.Disregarding the spatiotemporal mismatch between the collected measurements of the two spectrometers,the radiance spectra obtained synchronously by SIFIS and QE Pro showed a high level of consistency.The SIF retrieval,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and near-infrared radiance of vegetation(NIRvR)results for a push-broom image shows consistent spatial distributions over both vegetated and nonvegetated surfaces.A quantitative comparison was conducted by strictly filtering matching pixels.For the far-red band,a high correlation was obtained between the SIF retrieval performances of SIFIS and QE Pro with R^(2)=0:70 and RMSE=0:30mWm^(−2)sr^(−−1)nm^(−1).However,a relatively poor correlation was observed for the red band with an R^(2)value of 0.23 and an RMSE of 0.26 mWm^(−2)sr^(-−1)nm^(−1).Despite the large uncertainties associated with this experiment,the results indicate that TECIS-1 should offer a reliable SIF monitoring performance after its launch.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC2000504)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.06500060)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(No.Z181100009318004),Chinathe USDA HATCH Project(HAW05020H),USA.
文摘Amino acid intake plays a crucial role in the Warburg effect of cancer.Gut microbes can regulate intestinal amino acid metabolism.However,it is still unknown whether probiotic therapy can protect the host from intestinal tumor invasion by reducing amino acid intake.With in vitro methods,three acid-tolerant strains from fermented pickles were screened out.Using azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon cancer models,we evaluated the therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus brevis CLB3,Lactobacillus plantarum XLP,and Lactobacillus johnsonii CM on model mice.Their functional mechanisms were further explained through anatomy section,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemical staining analyses as well as database mining and gut culturomics.The Lactobacillus brevis(L.brevis)CLB3 treatment significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of colon cancer,alleviated colon damage,and inhibited colon carcinogenesis in mice.In addition,this treatment significantly increased gut cultivable Lactobacillus abundance,inhibited the expression and translation levels of the tumor metabolism-related solute carrier(SLC)amino acid transporter including SLC7A5 and SLC7A11,lowered circulating interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-17A(IL-17A)levels,and improved the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and cancer proliferation factors.These findings suggest that L.brevis CLB3 can reduce amino acid transport,inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling and enhance intestinal anti-tumor immune responses,which provides a potential targeting amino acid transporter strategy for preventing colorectal cancer.
