Objective There is a dilemma of ibuprofen treatment with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)as to how and when to treat.We aimed to clarify this issue in very preterm infants(VPIs;<32 weeks).Methods:This retrospective st...Objective There is a dilemma of ibuprofen treatment with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)as to how and when to treat.We aimed to clarify this issue in very preterm infants(VPIs;<32 weeks).Methods:This retrospective study included 1659 VPIs who were diagnosed with PDA according to echocardiographic examinations and cardiovascular dysfunction scoring system(the CVD scoring).The VPIs were classified into six groups(A1,A2,A3,B1,B2,and B3)based on CVD scores(A,<3,and B,≥3),and treatment with ibuprofen for PDA(1,conservational management;2,early ibuprofen treatment;and 3,late ibuprofen treatment).Treatment was stopped when PDA was closed,CVD score was zero or PDA needed ligation.Results:VPIs with CVD scores<3 had most PDA closure without surgery,and early ibuprofen treatment did not significantly affect PDA closure.VPIs with CVD scores≥3 had some PDA closure after 2 courses of treatment,but closure rates decreased linearly with ibuprofen course(1^(st)75.2%,2^(nd)62.3%,3^(rd)50.0%,P<0.0001),and early ibuprofen treatment(group B2)did not increase PDA closure compared to late ibuprofen treatment(group B3).In these same infants,the longer they were in CVD scores≥3,the more the complications of preterm were increased(retinopathy of prematurity ROP 1^(st)16.5%,2^(nd)23.8%,3^(rd)29.6%,P=0.016;bronchopulmonary dysplasia BPD 1^(st)15.5%,2^(nd)26.7%,3^(rd)33.8%,P<0.0001;intraventricular hemorrhage IVH 1^(st)20.4%,2^(nd)32.4%,3^(rd)23.8%,P=0.015).Conclusion:Ibuprofen is suggested for PDA closure when the PDA reopens or has developed into the stage when the CVD score≥3.展开更多
Image distortion caused by the angular misalignment of quadrupole magnets in high-energy electron radiography has been studied systematically.We propose that the distortion originates from the coupling of the electron...Image distortion caused by the angular misalignment of quadrupole magnets in high-energy electron radiography has been studied systematically.We propose that the distortion originates from the coupling of the electron motions in the transverse directions,based on a theoretical analysis and the transfer-matrix method.The relative angular rotation between the second and third magnetic quadrupoles was identified as the main contributor to image distortion.This was verified by both a beam-dynamics simulation and experiments.Different strategies to mitigate this image distortion are also explored,including magnets online tuning,higher beam energy and larger magnification factor.This study provides criteria for designing experiments and paves the way for achieving higher image precision.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)has shown a rapid growth trend.Goto Kakizaki(GK)rats are a valuable model for the study of T2DM and share common glucose metabolism features with human ...BACKGROUND In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)has shown a rapid growth trend.Goto Kakizaki(GK)rats are a valuable model for the study of T2DM and share common glucose metabolism features with human T2DM patients.A series of studies have indicated that T2DM is associated with the gut microbiota composition and gut metabolites.We aimed to systematically characterize the faecal gut microbes and metabolites of GK rats and analyse the relationship between glucose and insulin resistance.AIM To evaluate the gut microbial and metabolite alterations in GK rat faeces based on metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics.METHODS Ten GK rats(model group)and Wistar rats(control group)were observed for 10 wk,and various glucose-related indexes,mainly including weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and insulin levels,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and homeostasis model assessment ofβcell(HOMA-β)were assessed.The faecal gut microbiota was sequenced by metagenomics,and faecal metabolites were analysed by untargeted metabolomics.Multiple metabolic pathways were evaluated based on the differential metabolites identified,and the correlations between blood glucose and the gut microbiota and metabolites were analysed.RESULTS The model group displayed significant differences in weight,FBG and insulin levels,HOMA-IR and HOMA-βindexes(P<0.05,P<0.01)and a shift in the gut microbiota structure compared with the control group.The results demonstrated significantly decreased abundances of Prevotella sp.CAG:604 and Lactobacillus murinus(P<0.05)and a significantly increased abundance of Allobaculum stercoricanis(P<0.01)in the model group.A correlation analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with Allobaculum stercoricanis and negatively correlated with Lactobacillus murinus.An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis suggested that the faecal metabolic profiles differed between the model and control groups.Fourteen potential metabolic biomarkers,including glycochenodeoxycholic acid,uric acid,13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid(HODE),N-acetylaspartate,β-sitostenone,sphinganine,4-pyridoxic acid,and linoleic acid,were identified.Moreover,FBG and HOMA-IR were found to be positively correlated with glutathione,13(S)-HODE,uric acid,4-pyridoxic acid and allantoic acid and negatively correlated with 3-α,7-α,chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate and 26-trihydroxy-5-β-cholestane(P<0.05,P<0.01).Allobaculum stercoricanis was positively correlated with linoleic acid and sphinganine(P<0.01),and 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-5-formylpyridine-4-carboxylate was negatively associated with Prevotella sp.CAG:604(P<0.01).The metabolic pathways showing the largest differences were arginine biosynthesis;primary bile acid biosynthesis;purine metabolism;linoleic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism;and nitrogen metabolism.CONCLUSION Metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics indicated that disordered compositions of gut microbes and metabolites may be common defects in GK rats.展开更多
Schisanpropinoic acid(1),a new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid,and schisanpropinin(2),a new tetrahydrofuran lignan with a rare epoxyethane unit,were identified from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua var.propinq...Schisanpropinoic acid(1),a new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid,and schisanpropinin(2),a new tetrahydrofuran lignan with a rare epoxyethane unit,were identified from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua var.propinqua.Their structures were determined based on comprehensive spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis.The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray analysis.Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines.展开更多
Four new indole alkaloids,plasiaticines A-D(1-4),together with two known ones,were isolated from the seeds of Plantago asiatica.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysi...Four new indole alkaloids,plasiaticines A-D(1-4),together with two known ones,were isolated from the seeds of Plantago asiatica.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data.All compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity,and all compounds except 4 were tested for their acetylcholinesterase(AChE)inhibitory activities.展开更多
BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK...BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats show differences in gut microbiota compared to non-diabetic rats.Previous studies have indicated that berberine could be successfully used to manage T2DM.We sought to understand its hypoglycaemic effect and role in the regulation of the gut microbiota.AIM To determine whether berberine can regulate glucose metabolism in GK rats via the gut microbiota.METHODS GK rats were acclimatized for 1 wk.The GK rats were randomly divided into three groups and administered saline(Mo),metformin(Me),or berberine(Be).The observation time was 8 wk,and weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin,and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)were measured.Pancreatic tissue was observed for pathological changes.Additionally,we sequenced the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of the gut microbiota and analysed the structure.RESULTS Compared with the Mo group,the Me and Be groups displayed significant differences in FBG(P<0.01)and GLP-1(P<0.05).A significant decrease in weight and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was noted in the Be group compared with those in the Me group(P<0.01).The pancreatic islets of the Me-and Be-treated rats showed improvement in number,shape,and necrosis compared with those of Mo-treated rats.A total of 580 operational taxonomic units were obtained in the three groups.Compared to the Mo group,the Me and Be groups showed a shift in the structure of the gut microbiota.Correlation analysis indicated that FBG was strongly positively correlated with Clostridia_UCG-014(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with Allobaculum(P<0.01).Body weight showed a positive correlation with Desulfovibrionaceae(P<0.01)and a negative correlation with Akkermansia(P<0.01).Importantly,our results demonstrated that Me and Be could significantly decrease Bacteroidetes(P<0.01)and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio(P<0.01).Furthermore,Muribaculaceae(P<0.01;P<0.05)was significantly decreased in the Me and Be groups,and Allobaculum(P<0.01)was significantly increased.CONCLUSION Berberine has a substantial effect in improving metabolic parameters and modulating the gut microbiota composition in T2DM rats.展开更多
A detailed chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp.isolated from the stems of Isodon sculponeatus afforded six new compounds,xylariahgins A-F(1-6),two new natur...A detailed chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp.isolated from the stems of Isodon sculponeatus afforded six new compounds,xylariahgins A-F(1-6),two new natural products(7 and 8),along with two known compounds(9 and 10)(Fig.1).The structures of all compounds were unambiguously established by analyzing their spectroscopic data or referring to pertinent literature.Compounds 1-8 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines.展开更多
Four new diterpenoids,laxiflorins S-V(1-4),bearing four different types,and one known compound,laxiflorin O(5),were isolated from Isodon eriocalyx var.laxiflora.Compound 1 was the first example of ent-kauranoids beari...Four new diterpenoids,laxiflorins S-V(1-4),bearing four different types,and one known compound,laxiflorin O(5),were isolated from Isodon eriocalyx var.laxiflora.Compound 1 was the first example of ent-kauranoids bearing a unique C_(24) carbon framework and compound 4 was the first example of 3,4-seco-ent-abietane diterpenoids from the Isodon genus.Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods(UV,IR,MS,NMR).展开更多
Four new tetrahydrofuran lignans,schpropinrins A-D(1-4),together with five known ones,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra propinqua var.sinensis.Their structures,including absolute configurations,wer...Four new tetrahydrofuran lignans,schpropinrins A-D(1-4),together with five known ones,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra propinqua var.sinensis.Their structures,including absolute configurations,were characterized by means of spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculation.Compounds 1-4 featured a ketal or hemiketal substructure at C-7 and all of the isolates were tested for their anti-HIV integrase activity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has been far more devastating than expected, showing no signs of slowing down at present. Heilongjiang Province is the most northeastern province of China, and has cold we...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has been far more devastating than expected, showing no signs of slowing down at present. Heilongjiang Province is the most northeastern province of China, and has cold weather for nearly half a year and an annual temperature difference of more than 60℃, which increases the underlying morbidity associated with pulmonary diseases, and thus leads to lung dysfunction. The demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province, China with such climatic characteristics are still not clearly illustrated.AIM To illustrate the demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province by comparing with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases.METHODS COVID-19 deceased patients from different hospitals in Heilongjiang Province were included in this retrospective study and compared their characteristics with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases in the COVID-19 treatment center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. The surviving patients were divided into severe group and critically ill group according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia(the seventh edition).Demographic data were collected and recorded upon admission. Laboratory parameters were obtained from the medical records, and then compared among the groups.RESULTS Twelve COVID-19 deceased patients, 27 severe cases and 26 critically ill cases were enrolled in this retrospective study. No differences in age, gender, and number of comorbidities between groups were found. Neutrophil percentage(NEUT%), platelet(PLT), C-reactive protein(CRP), creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB), serum troponin I(TNI) and brain natriuretic peptides(BNP) showed significant differences among the groups(P = 0.020, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P <0.001, respectively). The increase of CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels, as well as the decrease of lymphocyte count(LYMPH) and PLT counts, showed significant correlation with death of COVID-19 patients(P = 0.023, P = 0.008, P = 0.045, P = 0.020, P = 0.015, respectively).CONCLUSION Compared with surviving severe and critically ill cases, no special demographic features of COVID-19 deceased patients were observed, while some laboratory parameters including NEUT%, PLT, CRP, CK-MB, TNI and BNP showed significant differences. COVID-19 deceased patients had higher CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels and lower LYMPH and PLT counts.展开更多
BACKGROUND As a highly contagious disease,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is wreaking havoc around the world due to continuous spread among close contacts mainly via droplets,aerosols,contaminated hands or surfaces....BACKGROUND As a highly contagious disease,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is wreaking havoc around the world due to continuous spread among close contacts mainly via droplets,aerosols,contaminated hands or surfaces.Therefore,centralized isolation of close contacts and suspected patients is an important measure to prevent the transmission of COVID-19.At present,the quarantine duration in most countries is 14 d due to the fact that the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2)is usually identified as 1-14 d with median estimate of 4-7.5 d.Since COVID-19 patients in the incubation period are also contagious,cases with an incubation period of more than 14 d need to be evaluated.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male patient was admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University on April 5 due to a cough with sputum and shortness of breath.On April 10,the patient was transferred to the Fever Clinic for further treatment due to close contact to one confirmed COVID-19 patient in the same room.During the period from April 10 to May 6,nucleic acid and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were tested 7 and 4 times,respectively,all of which were negative.On May 7,the patient developed fever with a maximum temperature of 39℃,and his respiratory difficulties had deteriorated.The results of nucleic acid and antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 were positive.On May 8,the nucleic acid and antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control were also positive,and the patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 and reported to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of the SARS-CoV-2 incubation period.Further epidemiological investigations and clinical observations are urgently needed to identify the optimal incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 and formulate rational and evidence-based quarantine policies for COVID-19 accordingly.展开更多
Two new neolignans,manneoinsigins A(1)and B(2),together with four known lignans,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Manglietia insignis.The new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic...Two new neolignans,manneoinsigins A(1)and B(2),together with four known lignans,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Manglietia insignis.The new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.All compounds except 2 were tested for their cytotoxic activity.Compound 3 showed weak cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 human tumor cell line with the IC50 value of 23.5μM.展开更多
Three new ent-kauranoids,isorosthornins A-C(1-3),and a new natural product,dihydroponicidin(4),together with five known ones were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon rosthornii.The structures were determined by m...Three new ent-kauranoids,isorosthornins A-C(1-3),and a new natural product,dihydroponicidin(4),together with five known ones were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon rosthornii.The structures were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis.All diterpenoids isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HL-60,SMMC-7721,A-549,MCF-7,and SW480 cell lines,and compounds 5 and 7 showed significant inhibitory effects on all cell lines.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Geldanamycin,a natural product of Streptomyces geldanus,binds the heat shock protein 90(Hsp90),a cell chaperone protein that interacts with Bcl-2.In this study,we investigated whether geldanamycin(GA)inhibit...OBJECTIVE Geldanamycin,a natural product of Streptomyces geldanus,binds the heat shock protein 90(Hsp90),a cell chaperone protein that interacts with Bcl-2.In this study,we investigated whether geldanamycin(GA)inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells through induction of apoptosis by decreasing the level of Bcl-2 expression. METHODS HeLa cells,a human cervical cell line,were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of GA(0,0.02,0.2, 2,10μmol/L)for 24 h.or were treated for different lengths of time at a GA concentration of 10μmol/L.Proliferation of the cells was analyzed by an MTT assay,and cell apoptosis was determined by staining the cells with annexin V.In addition,cellular mRNA levels for Bcl-2 and Hsp90 were determined by the semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the levels of Bcl-2 and Hsp90 protein expression were determined by Western blots. RESULTS Treatment of cells with GA was found to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner.The inhibition was a result of increased cellular apoptotic levels.Further analyses showed that while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Hsp90 were not affected,GA treatment significantly reduced the level of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner that correlated with the observed inhibition of cell proliferation. CONCLUSION GA can inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis of HeLa cells by decreasing the transcription and expression of an anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2,probably through interaction and functional inhibition of Hsp90.展开更多
In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was...In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder(MDD),49 matched controls,and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC.First-episode,treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls,and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms.This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients.Furthermore,the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students;this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students,suggesting good test–retest reliability.Our findings are consistent with previous studiesthat support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression.In future,the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals' risk for the onset of MDD.展开更多
Attention networks have three principal components supported by separate subprocesses, which include alerting, orienting, and executive control(EC) networks.Efficiently and accurately extracting useful information fro...Attention networks have three principal components supported by separate subprocesses, which include alerting, orienting, and executive control(EC) networks.Efficiently and accurately extracting useful information from the environment as the function of attention is pivotal to our survival. Previous brain imaging studies have examined activation patterns underlying the different attention networks in different cortical regions, yet focal differences in brain structures related to attention network components were not well understood. Therefore, in this study, voxel-based morphometry was used to investigate the relationship between gray matter volume(GMV) and different attention networks in a large young adult sample(n = 156). As a result, multiple regression analysis revealed that higher alerting scores(stronger alerting ability) were negatively significantly correlated with region gray matter volume(r GMV) in the PCC/Pre Cu(posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus), which might be associated with continuous maintenance of a vigilant state. Then,lower EC scores(stronger conflict resolution ability) were associated with larger r GMV in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which might be related to high-efficiency executive control processing. Together, findings of thepresent study provided a unique structural basis of GMV for individual differences in alerting and EC networks.展开更多
A novel type of A-type nanogrids(AGs)with axial and central chirality was synthesized via Friedel-Crafts gridization of thiophenes and difluorenyl biaromatic derivatives,yielding 9%-30%.Additionally,the effect of ster...A novel type of A-type nanogrids(AGs)with axial and central chirality was synthesized via Friedel-Crafts gridization of thiophenes and difluorenyl biaromatic derivatives,yielding 9%-30%.Additionally,the effect of stereoisomers of 1,1'-binaphthyl difluorenols(BINDFOH)was investigated to demonstrate that R/S-BINDFOH is more advantageous for the synthesis of AGs than Mix-BINDFOH.Furthermore,tests on OFET memory devices showed that AGs have a larger storage window,indicating potential for data storage applications.展开更多
Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus led to the isolation of one unusual clerodane diterpenoid,leojaponin A(1),characterized by a C4–C7oxa-bridge,and two new labdane diterpenoids,leoj...Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus led to the isolation of one unusual clerodane diterpenoid,leojaponin A(1),characterized by a C4–C7oxa-bridge,and two new labdane diterpenoids,leojaponins B(2) and C(3).The structures of these new compounds were determined based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.To the best of our knowledge,compound 1 is the first clerodane diterpenoid obtained from Leonurus.japonicus.All of them were evaluated for their cytotoxicity.展开更多
Two new guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids,4β,9β-dihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6,10(14)-dien(1) and 4β,9β,10α-trihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6-en(2),along with four known sesquiterpenoids(3a,3b,4 and 5),were isolated from...Two new guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids,4β,9β-dihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6,10(14)-dien(1) and 4β,9β,10α-trihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6-en(2),along with four known sesquiterpenoids(3a,3b,4 and 5),were isolated from Kadsura interior.Their structures and configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR and HR-MS techniques.Compounds 3a and 3b were obtained as a pair of enantiomers,and their structure and absolute configuration were established from their extensive NMR spectra and by single-crystal X-ray analysis.展开更多
文摘Objective There is a dilemma of ibuprofen treatment with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)as to how and when to treat.We aimed to clarify this issue in very preterm infants(VPIs;<32 weeks).Methods:This retrospective study included 1659 VPIs who were diagnosed with PDA according to echocardiographic examinations and cardiovascular dysfunction scoring system(the CVD scoring).The VPIs were classified into six groups(A1,A2,A3,B1,B2,and B3)based on CVD scores(A,<3,and B,≥3),and treatment with ibuprofen for PDA(1,conservational management;2,early ibuprofen treatment;and 3,late ibuprofen treatment).Treatment was stopped when PDA was closed,CVD score was zero or PDA needed ligation.Results:VPIs with CVD scores<3 had most PDA closure without surgery,and early ibuprofen treatment did not significantly affect PDA closure.VPIs with CVD scores≥3 had some PDA closure after 2 courses of treatment,but closure rates decreased linearly with ibuprofen course(1^(st)75.2%,2^(nd)62.3%,3^(rd)50.0%,P<0.0001),and early ibuprofen treatment(group B2)did not increase PDA closure compared to late ibuprofen treatment(group B3).In these same infants,the longer they were in CVD scores≥3,the more the complications of preterm were increased(retinopathy of prematurity ROP 1^(st)16.5%,2^(nd)23.8%,3^(rd)29.6%,P=0.016;bronchopulmonary dysplasia BPD 1^(st)15.5%,2^(nd)26.7%,3^(rd)33.8%,P<0.0001;intraventricular hemorrhage IVH 1^(st)20.4%,2^(nd)32.4%,3^(rd)23.8%,P=0.015).Conclusion:Ibuprofen is suggested for PDA closure when the PDA reopens or has developed into the stage when the CVD score≥3.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12005211,12075192).
文摘Image distortion caused by the angular misalignment of quadrupole magnets in high-energy electron radiography has been studied systematically.We propose that the distortion originates from the coupling of the electron motions in the transverse directions,based on a theoretical analysis and the transfer-matrix method.The relative angular rotation between the second and third magnetic quadrupoles was identified as the main contributor to image distortion.This was verified by both a beam-dynamics simulation and experiments.Different strategies to mitigate this image distortion are also explored,including magnets online tuning,higher beam energy and larger magnification factor.This study provides criteria for designing experiments and paves the way for achieving higher image precision.
基金Supported by the University Scientific Research Projects of Anhui,No. KJ2020A0401 and 2022AH050491the open fund of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder,No. GYDKFXM01+5 种基金the Anhui University Collaborative Innovation Project,No. GXXT-2020-025the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 82174153the National Key Research and Development Program,No. 2018YFC1704202the Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project of Universities,No. 2021jyxm0834the Major and Difficult Diseases Project of Anhui Province,No. 2021zdynjb06the Clinical Research Project of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No. 2021yfylc01
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)has shown a rapid growth trend.Goto Kakizaki(GK)rats are a valuable model for the study of T2DM and share common glucose metabolism features with human T2DM patients.A series of studies have indicated that T2DM is associated with the gut microbiota composition and gut metabolites.We aimed to systematically characterize the faecal gut microbes and metabolites of GK rats and analyse the relationship between glucose and insulin resistance.AIM To evaluate the gut microbial and metabolite alterations in GK rat faeces based on metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics.METHODS Ten GK rats(model group)and Wistar rats(control group)were observed for 10 wk,and various glucose-related indexes,mainly including weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and insulin levels,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and homeostasis model assessment ofβcell(HOMA-β)were assessed.The faecal gut microbiota was sequenced by metagenomics,and faecal metabolites were analysed by untargeted metabolomics.Multiple metabolic pathways were evaluated based on the differential metabolites identified,and the correlations between blood glucose and the gut microbiota and metabolites were analysed.RESULTS The model group displayed significant differences in weight,FBG and insulin levels,HOMA-IR and HOMA-βindexes(P<0.05,P<0.01)and a shift in the gut microbiota structure compared with the control group.The results demonstrated significantly decreased abundances of Prevotella sp.CAG:604 and Lactobacillus murinus(P<0.05)and a significantly increased abundance of Allobaculum stercoricanis(P<0.01)in the model group.A correlation analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with Allobaculum stercoricanis and negatively correlated with Lactobacillus murinus.An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis suggested that the faecal metabolic profiles differed between the model and control groups.Fourteen potential metabolic biomarkers,including glycochenodeoxycholic acid,uric acid,13(S)-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid(HODE),N-acetylaspartate,β-sitostenone,sphinganine,4-pyridoxic acid,and linoleic acid,were identified.Moreover,FBG and HOMA-IR were found to be positively correlated with glutathione,13(S)-HODE,uric acid,4-pyridoxic acid and allantoic acid and negatively correlated with 3-α,7-α,chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate and 26-trihydroxy-5-β-cholestane(P<0.05,P<0.01).Allobaculum stercoricanis was positively correlated with linoleic acid and sphinganine(P<0.01),and 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-5-formylpyridine-4-carboxylate was negatively associated with Prevotella sp.CAG:604(P<0.01).The metabolic pathways showing the largest differences were arginine biosynthesis;primary bile acid biosynthesis;purine metabolism;linoleic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism;and nitrogen metabolism.CONCLUSION Metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics indicated that disordered compositions of gut microbes and metabolites may be common defects in GK rats.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373290 and 21322204).
文摘Schisanpropinoic acid(1),a new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid,and schisanpropinin(2),a new tetrahydrofuran lignan with a rare epoxyethane unit,were identified from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua var.propinqua.Their structures were determined based on comprehensive spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis.The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray analysis.Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines.
基金supported financially by the grants from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-Q-10 and KSCX1-YW-R-24)the NSFC(No.20802082 and 30830115)+1 种基金the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2009CB522303 and 2009CB940900)the project of recruited top talent of sciences and technology of Yunnan Province(2006PY01-47).
文摘Four new indole alkaloids,plasiaticines A-D(1-4),together with two known ones,were isolated from the seeds of Plantago asiatica.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data.All compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity,and all compounds except 4 were tested for their acetylcholinesterase(AChE)inhibitory activities.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81603574 and No.81774286National Key Research and Development Program,No.2018YFC1704202 and No.2020YFE0201800+1 种基金University Scientific Research Projects of Anhui,No.KJ2020A0401 and No.KJ2019A0442Province Science Foundation of Anhui,No.1708085QH213.
文摘BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats show differences in gut microbiota compared to non-diabetic rats.Previous studies have indicated that berberine could be successfully used to manage T2DM.We sought to understand its hypoglycaemic effect and role in the regulation of the gut microbiota.AIM To determine whether berberine can regulate glucose metabolism in GK rats via the gut microbiota.METHODS GK rats were acclimatized for 1 wk.The GK rats were randomly divided into three groups and administered saline(Mo),metformin(Me),or berberine(Be).The observation time was 8 wk,and weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin,and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)were measured.Pancreatic tissue was observed for pathological changes.Additionally,we sequenced the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of the gut microbiota and analysed the structure.RESULTS Compared with the Mo group,the Me and Be groups displayed significant differences in FBG(P<0.01)and GLP-1(P<0.05).A significant decrease in weight and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was noted in the Be group compared with those in the Me group(P<0.01).The pancreatic islets of the Me-and Be-treated rats showed improvement in number,shape,and necrosis compared with those of Mo-treated rats.A total of 580 operational taxonomic units were obtained in the three groups.Compared to the Mo group,the Me and Be groups showed a shift in the structure of the gut microbiota.Correlation analysis indicated that FBG was strongly positively correlated with Clostridia_UCG-014(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with Allobaculum(P<0.01).Body weight showed a positive correlation with Desulfovibrionaceae(P<0.01)and a negative correlation with Akkermansia(P<0.01).Importantly,our results demonstrated that Me and Be could significantly decrease Bacteroidetes(P<0.01)and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio(P<0.01).Furthermore,Muribaculaceae(P<0.01;P<0.05)was significantly decreased in the Me and Be groups,and Allobaculum(P<0.01)was significantly increased.CONCLUSION Berberine has a substantial effect in improving metabolic parameters and modulating the gut microbiota composition in T2DM rats.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81673329 and 21322204).
文摘A detailed chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp.isolated from the stems of Isodon sculponeatus afforded six new compounds,xylariahgins A-F(1-6),two new natural products(7 and 8),along with two known compounds(9 and 10)(Fig.1).The structures of all compounds were unambiguously established by analyzing their spectroscopic data or referring to pertinent literature.Compounds 1-8 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines.
基金This project was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81172939)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(J.X.Pu)+3 种基金the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2009CB522300)the reservation talent project of Yunnan Province(2011CI043 to J.X.Pu)the Science and Technology Program of Yunnan Province(Nos.2008IF010)the Major Direction Projection Foundation of CAS Intellectual Innovation Project(No.KSCX2-EW-J-24 to J.X.Pu).
文摘Four new diterpenoids,laxiflorins S-V(1-4),bearing four different types,and one known compound,laxiflorin O(5),were isolated from Isodon eriocalyx var.laxiflora.Compound 1 was the first example of ent-kauranoids bearing a unique C_(24) carbon framework and compound 4 was the first example of 3,4-seco-ent-abietane diterpenoids from the Isodon genus.Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods(UV,IR,MS,NMR).
基金the NSFC(No.20802082 and 30830115)the projects from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-Q-10 and KSCX1-YW-R-24)+1 种基金the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2009CB522303 and 2009CB940900)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2012FB178)。
文摘Four new tetrahydrofuran lignans,schpropinrins A-D(1-4),together with five known ones,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra propinqua var.sinensis.Their structures,including absolute configurations,were characterized by means of spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculation.Compounds 1-4 featured a ketal or hemiketal substructure at C-7 and all of the isolates were tested for their anti-HIV integrase activity.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81902000.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has been far more devastating than expected, showing no signs of slowing down at present. Heilongjiang Province is the most northeastern province of China, and has cold weather for nearly half a year and an annual temperature difference of more than 60℃, which increases the underlying morbidity associated with pulmonary diseases, and thus leads to lung dysfunction. The demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province, China with such climatic characteristics are still not clearly illustrated.AIM To illustrate the demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province by comparing with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases.METHODS COVID-19 deceased patients from different hospitals in Heilongjiang Province were included in this retrospective study and compared their characteristics with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases in the COVID-19 treatment center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. The surviving patients were divided into severe group and critically ill group according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia(the seventh edition).Demographic data were collected and recorded upon admission. Laboratory parameters were obtained from the medical records, and then compared among the groups.RESULTS Twelve COVID-19 deceased patients, 27 severe cases and 26 critically ill cases were enrolled in this retrospective study. No differences in age, gender, and number of comorbidities between groups were found. Neutrophil percentage(NEUT%), platelet(PLT), C-reactive protein(CRP), creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB), serum troponin I(TNI) and brain natriuretic peptides(BNP) showed significant differences among the groups(P = 0.020, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P <0.001, respectively). The increase of CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels, as well as the decrease of lymphocyte count(LYMPH) and PLT counts, showed significant correlation with death of COVID-19 patients(P = 0.023, P = 0.008, P = 0.045, P = 0.020, P = 0.015, respectively).CONCLUSION Compared with surviving severe and critically ill cases, no special demographic features of COVID-19 deceased patients were observed, while some laboratory parameters including NEUT%, PLT, CRP, CK-MB, TNI and BNP showed significant differences. COVID-19 deceased patients had higher CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels and lower LYMPH and PLT counts.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81772045Scientific Research Project of Heilongjiang Health and Family Planning Commission,No.2018086.
文摘BACKGROUND As a highly contagious disease,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is wreaking havoc around the world due to continuous spread among close contacts mainly via droplets,aerosols,contaminated hands or surfaces.Therefore,centralized isolation of close contacts and suspected patients is an important measure to prevent the transmission of COVID-19.At present,the quarantine duration in most countries is 14 d due to the fact that the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2)is usually identified as 1-14 d with median estimate of 4-7.5 d.Since COVID-19 patients in the incubation period are also contagious,cases with an incubation period of more than 14 d need to be evaluated.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male patient was admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University on April 5 due to a cough with sputum and shortness of breath.On April 10,the patient was transferred to the Fever Clinic for further treatment due to close contact to one confirmed COVID-19 patient in the same room.During the period from April 10 to May 6,nucleic acid and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were tested 7 and 4 times,respectively,all of which were negative.On May 7,the patient developed fever with a maximum temperature of 39℃,and his respiratory difficulties had deteriorated.The results of nucleic acid and antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 were positive.On May 8,the nucleic acid and antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control were also positive,and the patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 and reported to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of the SARS-CoV-2 incubation period.Further epidemiological investigations and clinical observations are urgently needed to identify the optimal incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 and formulate rational and evidence-based quarantine policies for COVID-19 accordingly.
基金This project was supported financially by the NSFC(No.20802082 and 30830115)the projects from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-Q-10 and KSCX1-YW-R-24)+2 种基金the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2009CB522300 and 2009CB940900)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2012FB178 and 20080A007)the project of recruited top talent of sciences and technology of Yunnan Province(2009C1120).
文摘Two new neolignans,manneoinsigins A(1)and B(2),together with four known lignans,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Manglietia insignis.The new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.All compounds except 2 were tested for their cytotoxic activity.Compound 3 showed weak cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 human tumor cell line with the IC50 value of 23.5μM.
基金This work was supported financially by the NSFC-Joint Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.U0832602 to H.D.Sun)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2009CB522300 and 2009CB940900)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Yunnan Province(No.2008IF010 and 2008CD162)the NSFC(No.81172939 to J.X.Pu)the Major Direction Projection Foundation of CAS Intellectual Innovation Project(No.2010KIBA05 to J.X.Pu).
文摘Three new ent-kauranoids,isorosthornins A-C(1-3),and a new natural product,dihydroponicidin(4),together with five known ones were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon rosthornii.The structures were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis.All diterpenoids isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HL-60,SMMC-7721,A-549,MCF-7,and SW480 cell lines,and compounds 5 and 7 showed significant inhibitory effects on all cell lines.
文摘OBJECTIVE Geldanamycin,a natural product of Streptomyces geldanus,binds the heat shock protein 90(Hsp90),a cell chaperone protein that interacts with Bcl-2.In this study,we investigated whether geldanamycin(GA)inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells through induction of apoptosis by decreasing the level of Bcl-2 expression. METHODS HeLa cells,a human cervical cell line,were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of GA(0,0.02,0.2, 2,10μmol/L)for 24 h.or were treated for different lengths of time at a GA concentration of 10μmol/L.Proliferation of the cells was analyzed by an MTT assay,and cell apoptosis was determined by staining the cells with annexin V.In addition,cellular mRNA levels for Bcl-2 and Hsp90 were determined by the semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the levels of Bcl-2 and Hsp90 protein expression were determined by Western blots. RESULTS Treatment of cells with GA was found to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner.The inhibition was a result of increased cellular apoptotic levels.Further analyses showed that while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Hsp90 were not affected,GA treatment significantly reduced the level of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner that correlated with the observed inhibition of cell proliferation. CONCLUSION GA can inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis of HeLa cells by decreasing the transcription and expression of an anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2,probably through interaction and functional inhibition of Hsp90.
文摘In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder(MDD),49 matched controls,and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC.First-episode,treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls,and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms.This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients.Furthermore,the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students;this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students,suggesting good test–retest reliability.Our findings are consistent with previous studiesthat support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression.In future,the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals' risk for the onset of MDD.
基金supported by the Graduate Students Scientific Research Innovation Projects of Chongqing(CYS2015058)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271087+3 种基金31571137)National Outstanding Young People Planthe Program for the Top Young Talents by Chongqing,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU1509383)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2015jcyj A10106)
文摘Attention networks have three principal components supported by separate subprocesses, which include alerting, orienting, and executive control(EC) networks.Efficiently and accurately extracting useful information from the environment as the function of attention is pivotal to our survival. Previous brain imaging studies have examined activation patterns underlying the different attention networks in different cortical regions, yet focal differences in brain structures related to attention network components were not well understood. Therefore, in this study, voxel-based morphometry was used to investigate the relationship between gray matter volume(GMV) and different attention networks in a large young adult sample(n = 156). As a result, multiple regression analysis revealed that higher alerting scores(stronger alerting ability) were negatively significantly correlated with region gray matter volume(r GMV) in the PCC/Pre Cu(posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus), which might be associated with continuous maintenance of a vigilant state. Then,lower EC scores(stronger conflict resolution ability) were associated with larger r GMV in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which might be related to high-efficiency executive control processing. Together, findings of thepresent study provided a unique structural basis of GMV for individual differences in alerting and EC networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071112 and 22275098)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(GDX2022010005 and GZR2022010011).
文摘A novel type of A-type nanogrids(AGs)with axial and central chirality was synthesized via Friedel-Crafts gridization of thiophenes and difluorenyl biaromatic derivatives,yielding 9%-30%.Additionally,the effect of stereoisomers of 1,1'-binaphthyl difluorenols(BINDFOH)was investigated to demonstrate that R/S-BINDFOH is more advantageous for the synthesis of AGs than Mix-BINDFOH.Furthermore,tests on OFET memory devices showed that AGs have a larger storage window,indicating potential for data storage applications.
基金supported financially by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (No. 2012FB178)
文摘Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus led to the isolation of one unusual clerodane diterpenoid,leojaponin A(1),characterized by a C4–C7oxa-bridge,and two new labdane diterpenoids,leojaponins B(2) and C(3).The structures of these new compounds were determined based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.To the best of our knowledge,compound 1 is the first clerodane diterpenoid obtained from Leonurus.japonicus.All of them were evaluated for their cytotoxicity.
基金supported financially by the NSFC(Nos. 30830115 and 20902093)the foundation of State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(No.P2008- ZZ13)the Reservation-talent Project of Yunnan Province(No. 2011 CI043)
文摘Two new guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids,4β,9β-dihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6,10(14)-dien(1) and 4β,9β,10α-trihydroxy-1α,5α-H-guaia-6-en(2),along with four known sesquiterpenoids(3a,3b,4 and 5),were isolated from Kadsura interior.Their structures and configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR and HR-MS techniques.Compounds 3a and 3b were obtained as a pair of enantiomers,and their structure and absolute configuration were established from their extensive NMR spectra and by single-crystal X-ray analysis.
