Fos-related antigen 1(Fra-1)is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates cell growth,differentiation,and apoptosis.It is involved in the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transformation o...Fos-related antigen 1(Fra-1)is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates cell growth,differentiation,and apoptosis.It is involved in the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transformation of malignant tumor cells.Fra-1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer(GC),affects the cycle distribution and apoptosis of GC cells,and participates in GC occurrence and development.However,the detailed mechanism of Fra-1 in GC is unclear,such as the identification of Fra-1-interacting proteins and their role in GC pathogenesis.In this study,we identified tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein eta(YWHAH)as a Fra-1-interacting protein in GC cells using co-immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Experiments showed that YWHAH positively regulated Fra-1 mRNA and protein expression,and affected GC cell proliferation.Whole proteome analysis showed that Fra-1 affected the activity of the high mobility group AT-hook 1(HMGA1)/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway in GC cells.Western blotting and flow cytometry confirmed that YWHAH activated HMGA1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by positively regulating Fra-1 to affect GC cell proliferation.These results will help to discover new molecular targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis prediction of GC.展开更多
Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)is frequently challenged by various pathogens,among which Phytophthora capsici is the most devastating to pepper production.Red light signal acts as a positive induction of plant resistance a...Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)is frequently challenged by various pathogens,among which Phytophthora capsici is the most devastating to pepper production.Red light signal acts as a positive induction of plant resistance against multiple pathogens.However,little is known about how the red light signal affects pepper resistance to P.capsici infection(PCI).Here,we report that red light regulates salicylic acid(SA)accumulation by activating elongated hypocotyl5(CaHY5),a basic leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factor,thereby decreasing pepper susceptibility to PCI.Exogenous SA treatment reduced pepper susceptibility to PCI,while silencing of CaPHYB(a red light photoreceptor)increased its susceptibility.PCI significantly induced CaHY5 expression,and silencing of CaHY5 reduced SA accumulation,accompanied by decreases in the expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3(CaPAL3),CaPAL7,pathogenesis-related 1(CaPR1),and CaPR1L,which finally resulted in higher susceptibility of pepper to PCI.Moreover,CaHY5 was found to activate the expression of CaPAL3 and CaPAL7,which are essential for SA biosynthesis,by directly binding to their promoters.Further analysis revealed that exogenous SA treatment could restore the resistance of CaHY5-silenced pepper plants to PCI.Collectively,this study reveals a critical mechanism through which red light induces SA accumulation by regulating CaHY5-mediated CaPAL3 and CaPAL7 expression,leading to enhanced resistance to PCI.Moreover,red light-induced CaHY5 regulates pepper resistance to PCI,which may have implications for PCI control in protected vegetable production.展开更多
Plants demonstrate dynamic changes in molecular structures under fluctuating light conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests that light plays a vital role in plant growth and morphogenesis.In particular,light has a ro...Plants demonstrate dynamic changes in molecular structures under fluctuating light conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests that light plays a vital role in plant growth and morphogenesis.In particular,light has a role in the absorption and utilization of nutrients in plants.Despite significant progress in understanding the mechanism of nutrient acquisition and assimilation,how light affects and regulates ion uptake remains a question.Studies in model plants,Arabidopsis thaliana,suggest that light affects the nutrient utilization in roots through a complex regulatory network;nonetheless,the molecular mechanisms underlying the various effects of light on these processes in crop plants remain fragmentary.In this review,we discuss the light effects(light quality,light intensity,and photoperiod)on nutrient uptake and utilization in horticultural crops for optimizing crop productivity and increasing fertilizer use efficiency.展开更多
本研究基于《邓小平文选》(第三卷)的中英版本制作了平行语料库,比较了汉语中包含"说"的话语标记语(可以说、应该说)和对应的英译,以此来揭示《邓选》(第三卷)英译本中包含"说"的话语标记语翻译的语用动机。本研究...本研究基于《邓小平文选》(第三卷)的中英版本制作了平行语料库,比较了汉语中包含"说"的话语标记语(可以说、应该说)和对应的英译,以此来揭示《邓选》(第三卷)英译本中包含"说"的话语标记语翻译的语用动机。本研究基于言语行为理论,对包含"说"的话语标记语按照人称代词进行分组。通过比较话语标记语的原文和英译,证实了英译本的翻译与原文存在一致性,并且英译本保持了邓小平讲话的风格特点。此外,本研究还发现,模态化的话语标记语,如"I should say"作为插入语使用时,丧失其主语地位,起到减弱肯定语气的作用。展开更多
Strigolactones are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that impact plant growth and development in diverse ways.However,the roles of strigolactones in the responses to temperature stresses are largely unknown.Here,we dem...Strigolactones are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that impact plant growth and development in diverse ways.However,the roles of strigolactones in the responses to temperature stresses are largely unknown.Here,we demonstrated that strigolactone biosynthesis is induced in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)by heat and cold stresses.Compromised strigolactone biosynthesis or signaling negatively affected heat and cold tolerance,while application of the synthetic strigolactone analog GR245DS enhanced heat and cold tolerance.Strigolactone-mediated heat and cold tolerance was associated with the induction of abscisic acid(ABA),heat shock protein 70(HSP70)accumulation,C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 1(CBF1)transcription,and antioxidant enzyme activity.Importantly,a deficiency in ABA biosynthesis compromised the GR245DS effects on heat and cold stresses and abolished the GR245DS-induced transcription of HSP70,CBF1,and antioxidant-related genes.These results support that strigolactones positively regulate tomato heat and cold tolerance and that they do so at least partially by the induction of CBFs and HSPs and the antioxidant response in an ABA-dependent manner.展开更多
Jasmonates(JAs),a class of lipid-derived stress hormones,play a crucial role across an array of plant physiological processes and stress responses.Although JA signaling is thought to rely predominantly on the degradat...Jasmonates(JAs),a class of lipid-derived stress hormones,play a crucial role across an array of plant physiological processes and stress responses.Although JA signaling is thought to rely predominantly on the degradation of specific JAZ proteins by SCF^(COI1),it remains unclear whether other pathways are involved in the regulation of JAZ protein stability.Here,we report that PUB22,a plant U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase,plays a critical role in the regulation of plant resistance against Helicoverpa armigera and other JA responses in tomato.Whereas COI1 physically interacts with JAZ1/2/5/7,PUB22 physically interacts with JAZ1/3/4/6.PUB22 ubiquitinates JAZ4 to promote its degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway.Importantly,we observed that pub22 mutants showreduced resistance to H.armigera,whereas jaz4 single mutants and jaz1 jaz3 jaz4 jaz6 quadruple mutants have enhanced resistance.The hypersensitivity of pub22 mutants to herbivores could be partially rescued by JAZ4 mutation.Moreover,we found that expression of PUB22 can be transcriptionally activated by MYC2,thus forming a positive feedback circuit in JA signaling.We noticed that the PUB22-JAZ4 module also regulates other JA responses,including defense against B.cinerea,inhibition of root elongation,and anthocyanin accumulation.Taken together,these results indicate that PUB22 plays a crucial role in plant growth and defense responses,together with COI1-regulated JA signaling,by targeting specific JAZs.展开更多
Brassinosteroids(BRs)and abscisic acid(ABA)are essential regulators of plant growth and stress tolerance.Although the antagonistic interaction of BRs and ABA is proposed to ensure the balance between growth and defens...Brassinosteroids(BRs)and abscisic acid(ABA)are essential regulators of plant growth and stress tolerance.Although the antagonistic interaction of BRs and ABA is proposed to ensure the balance between growth and defense in model plants,the crosstalk between BRs and ABA in response to chilling in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum),a warmclimate horticultural crop,is unclear.Here,we determined that overexpression of the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF(DWF)or the key BR signaling gene BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1(BZR1)increases ABA levels in response to chilling stress via positively regulating the expression of the ABA biosynthesis gene 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE1(NCED1).BR-induced chilling tolerance was mostly dependent on ABA biosynthesis.Chilling stress or high BR levels decreased the abundance of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2(BIN2),a negative regulator of BR signaling.Moreover,we observed that chilling stress increases BR levels and results in the accumulation of BZR1.BIN2negatively regulated both the accumulation of BZR1protein and chilling tolerance by suppressing ABA biosynthesis.Our results demonstrate that BR signaling positively regulates chilling tolerance via ABA biosynthesis in tomato.The study has implications in production of warm-climate crops in horticulture.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2021JJ30915).
文摘Fos-related antigen 1(Fra-1)is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates cell growth,differentiation,and apoptosis.It is involved in the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transformation of malignant tumor cells.Fra-1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer(GC),affects the cycle distribution and apoptosis of GC cells,and participates in GC occurrence and development.However,the detailed mechanism of Fra-1 in GC is unclear,such as the identification of Fra-1-interacting proteins and their role in GC pathogenesis.In this study,we identified tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein eta(YWHAH)as a Fra-1-interacting protein in GC cells using co-immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Experiments showed that YWHAH positively regulated Fra-1 mRNA and protein expression,and affected GC cell proliferation.Whole proteome analysis showed that Fra-1 affected the activity of the high mobility group AT-hook 1(HMGA1)/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway in GC cells.Western blotting and flow cytometry confirmed that YWHAH activated HMGA1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by positively regulating Fra-1 to affect GC cell proliferation.These results will help to discover new molecular targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis prediction of GC.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002030)Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province,China-Young Talents Project(20204BCJL23044)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020 M682732)the Yan’an University Doctoral Research Initiation Project(YAU202313800)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-24-B-01)the earmarked fund for Jiangxi Agriculture Research System(JXARS-06).
文摘Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)is frequently challenged by various pathogens,among which Phytophthora capsici is the most devastating to pepper production.Red light signal acts as a positive induction of plant resistance against multiple pathogens.However,little is known about how the red light signal affects pepper resistance to P.capsici infection(PCI).Here,we report that red light regulates salicylic acid(SA)accumulation by activating elongated hypocotyl5(CaHY5),a basic leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factor,thereby decreasing pepper susceptibility to PCI.Exogenous SA treatment reduced pepper susceptibility to PCI,while silencing of CaPHYB(a red light photoreceptor)increased its susceptibility.PCI significantly induced CaHY5 expression,and silencing of CaHY5 reduced SA accumulation,accompanied by decreases in the expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3(CaPAL3),CaPAL7,pathogenesis-related 1(CaPR1),and CaPR1L,which finally resulted in higher susceptibility of pepper to PCI.Moreover,CaHY5 was found to activate the expression of CaPAL3 and CaPAL7,which are essential for SA biosynthesis,by directly binding to their promoters.Further analysis revealed that exogenous SA treatment could restore the resistance of CaHY5-silenced pepper plants to PCI.Collectively,this study reveals a critical mechanism through which red light induces SA accumulation by regulating CaHY5-mediated CaPAL3 and CaPAL7 expression,leading to enhanced resistance to PCI.Moreover,red light-induced CaHY5 regulates pepper resistance to PCI,which may have implications for PCI control in protected vegetable production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31825023,31950410555)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang(Grant No.2018C0210).
文摘Plants demonstrate dynamic changes in molecular structures under fluctuating light conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests that light plays a vital role in plant growth and morphogenesis.In particular,light has a role in the absorption and utilization of nutrients in plants.Despite significant progress in understanding the mechanism of nutrient acquisition and assimilation,how light affects and regulates ion uptake remains a question.Studies in model plants,Arabidopsis thaliana,suggest that light affects the nutrient utilization in roots through a complex regulatory network;nonetheless,the molecular mechanisms underlying the various effects of light on these processes in crop plants remain fragmentary.In this review,we discuss the light effects(light quality,light intensity,and photoperiod)on nutrient uptake and utilization in horticultural crops for optimizing crop productivity and increasing fertilizer use efficiency.
文摘本研究基于《邓小平文选》(第三卷)的中英版本制作了平行语料库,比较了汉语中包含"说"的话语标记语(可以说、应该说)和对应的英译,以此来揭示《邓选》(第三卷)英译本中包含"说"的话语标记语翻译的语用动机。本研究基于言语行为理论,对包含"说"的话语标记语按照人称代词进行分组。通过比较话语标记语的原文和英译,证实了英译本的翻译与原文存在一致性,并且英译本保持了邓小平讲话的风格特点。此外,本研究还发现,模态化的话语标记语,如"I should say"作为插入语使用时,丧失其主语地位,起到减弱肯定语气的作用。
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000800)the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31430076)。
文摘Strigolactones are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that impact plant growth and development in diverse ways.However,the roles of strigolactones in the responses to temperature stresses are largely unknown.Here,we demonstrated that strigolactone biosynthesis is induced in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)by heat and cold stresses.Compromised strigolactone biosynthesis or signaling negatively affected heat and cold tolerance,while application of the synthetic strigolactone analog GR245DS enhanced heat and cold tolerance.Strigolactone-mediated heat and cold tolerance was associated with the induction of abscisic acid(ABA),heat shock protein 70(HSP70)accumulation,C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 1(CBF1)transcription,and antioxidant enzyme activity.Importantly,a deficiency in ABA biosynthesis compromised the GR245DS effects on heat and cold stresses and abolished the GR245DS-induced transcription of HSP70,CBF1,and antioxidant-related genes.These results support that strigolactones positively regulate tomato heat and cold tolerance and that they do so at least partially by the induction of CBFs and HSPs and the antioxidant response in an ABA-dependent manner.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Projects of International Cooperation and Exchange(32020103013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302532)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-25-02A).
文摘Jasmonates(JAs),a class of lipid-derived stress hormones,play a crucial role across an array of plant physiological processes and stress responses.Although JA signaling is thought to rely predominantly on the degradation of specific JAZ proteins by SCF^(COI1),it remains unclear whether other pathways are involved in the regulation of JAZ protein stability.Here,we report that PUB22,a plant U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase,plays a critical role in the regulation of plant resistance against Helicoverpa armigera and other JA responses in tomato.Whereas COI1 physically interacts with JAZ1/2/5/7,PUB22 physically interacts with JAZ1/3/4/6.PUB22 ubiquitinates JAZ4 to promote its degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway.Importantly,we observed that pub22 mutants showreduced resistance to H.armigera,whereas jaz4 single mutants and jaz1 jaz3 jaz4 jaz6 quadruple mutants have enhanced resistance.The hypersensitivity of pub22 mutants to herbivores could be partially rescued by JAZ4 mutation.Moreover,we found that expression of PUB22 can be transcriptionally activated by MYC2,thus forming a positive feedback circuit in JA signaling.We noticed that the PUB22-JAZ4 module also regulates other JA responses,including defense against B.cinerea,inhibition of root elongation,and anthocyanin accumulation.Taken together,these results indicate that PUB22 plays a crucial role in plant growth and defense responses,together with COI1-regulated JA signaling,by targeting specific JAZs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2019YFD1001900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872153,U21A20233)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2021FZZX001-30)。
文摘Brassinosteroids(BRs)and abscisic acid(ABA)are essential regulators of plant growth and stress tolerance.Although the antagonistic interaction of BRs and ABA is proposed to ensure the balance between growth and defense in model plants,the crosstalk between BRs and ABA in response to chilling in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum),a warmclimate horticultural crop,is unclear.Here,we determined that overexpression of the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF(DWF)or the key BR signaling gene BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1(BZR1)increases ABA levels in response to chilling stress via positively regulating the expression of the ABA biosynthesis gene 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE1(NCED1).BR-induced chilling tolerance was mostly dependent on ABA biosynthesis.Chilling stress or high BR levels decreased the abundance of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2(BIN2),a negative regulator of BR signaling.Moreover,we observed that chilling stress increases BR levels and results in the accumulation of BZR1.BIN2negatively regulated both the accumulation of BZR1protein and chilling tolerance by suppressing ABA biosynthesis.Our results demonstrate that BR signaling positively regulates chilling tolerance via ABA biosynthesis in tomato.The study has implications in production of warm-climate crops in horticulture.
