Background: Double-lumen endotracheal (DLT) is commonly used for one-lung ventilation and lung separation during thoracic surgery. There are case reports of medically induced laryngeal granulomas, mainly in patients a...Background: Double-lumen endotracheal (DLT) is commonly used for one-lung ventilation and lung separation during thoracic surgery. There are case reports of medically induced laryngeal granulomas, mainly in patients after single-lumen endotracheal (SLT) tube intubation and tracheotomy, and giant granulomas of the vocal cords due to double-lumen bronchial tube insertion have rarely been reported. Case presentation: A 49-year-old female patient underwent single-port thoracoscopy after DLT intubation as well as a wedge resection of the lower lobe of the left lung, which caused giant vocal process granulomas (VPGs) postoperatively. Based on a retrospective analysis of the general condition, current medical history, past medical history, and visual laryngoscopic observation of the vocal folds tissue, which ruled out preoperative vocal fold granuloma formation, we hypothesized that double-lumen bronchial catheter intubation may have been the primary cause of her vocal fold granuloma formation. Conclusions: Giant granuloma of the vocal folds after DLT insertion is a rare postoperative complication;therefore, if DLT intubation is to be performed, the anesthesiologist should choose an appropriate intubation plan and deal with it promptly to avoid the risk factors to ensure that the patient’s perioperative period is safe and smooth. In addition, if postoperative complications are encountered, they should be followed up and observed on time.展开更多
Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that pre-existing diabetes increases the risk of Parkinson's disease(PD).However,the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.In the present study,we found ...Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that pre-existing diabetes increases the risk of Parkinson's disease(PD).However,the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.In the present study,we found that high glucose(HG)levels in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of diabetic rats might enhance the effect of a subthreshold dose of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)on the development of motor disorders,and the damage to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuronal pathway.In vitro,HG promoted the 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells differentiated to neurons with nerve growth factor(NGF)(NGF-PC12).Metabolomics showed that HG promoted hyperglycolysis in neurons and impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA cycle)activity,which was closely related to abnormal mitochondrial fusion,thus resulting in mitochondrial loss.Interestingly,HG-induced upregulation of pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2)combined with 6-OHDA exposure not only mediated glycolysis but also promoted abnormal mitochondrial fusion by upregulating the expression of MFN2 in NGF-PC12 cells.In addition,we found that PKM2 knockdown rescued the abnormal mitochondrial fusion and cell apoptosis induced by HGþ6-OHDA.Furthermore,we found that shikonin(SK),an inhibitor of PKM2,restored the mitochondrial number,promoted TCA cycle activity,reversed hyperglycolysis,enhanced the tolerance of cultured neurons to 6-OHDA,and reduced the risk of PD in diabetic rats.Overall,our results indicate that diabetes promotes hyperglycolysis and abnormal mitochondrial fusion in neurons through the upregulation of PKM2,leading to an increase in the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to 6-OHDA.Thus,the inhibition of PKM2 and restoration of mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis/pathways may prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic PD.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of neuroprotective effect of lychee seed saponins(LSS) in BV-2.METHODS Aβ_(1-42) induced BV-2 cells were incubated with LSS for 12 h,the content of the inflammatory factors such as...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of neuroprotective effect of lychee seed saponins(LSS) in BV-2.METHODS Aβ_(1-42) induced BV-2 cells were incubated with LSS for 12 h,the content of the inflammatory factors such as IL^(-1)β,TNF-α,COX-2 and i NOS in the supernatant of BV-2 cell were measured by ELISA.The detection of the m RNA levels and the protein expression of the inflammatory factors including IL^(-1)β,TNF-α,COX-2 and i NOS using real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS The level of IL^(-1)β,COX-2 and i NOS significantly increased with the treatment of Aβ_(1-42),and 0.117 mg·L^(-1)-0.469 mg·L^(-1) LSS can inhibit these increased level.CONCLUSION LSS conferred neuroprotection via inhibiting the inflammatory factors expression.展开更多
Background and Objective: It has been found that human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells express cannabinoid receptor CB2. However, the functional importance of CB2 in hPDL cells exposed to bacterial endotoxins is not...Background and Objective: It has been found that human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells express cannabinoid receptor CB2. However, the functional importance of CB2 in hPDL cells exposed to bacterial endotoxins is not known. Here we investigate if the inflammation promoter lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects CB2 expression and if activation of CB2 regulates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and osteoclastogenic gene expression in hPDL cells. Methods: The hPDL cells were obtained from extracted teeth of periodontally healthy subjects. CB2 expression in hPDL cells exposed to LPS was deter- mined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Then, the cells were incubated with or without CB2-specific agonist HU-308 before further stimulation with LPS. In some experiments, the cells were pre-treated with CB2-specific antagonist SR144528. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of osteoclastogenic genes osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was examined using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Results: CB2 expression in hPDL cells was markedly enhanced by LPS. HU-308 significantly suppressed the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α exposed to LPS, whereas SR144528 attenuated this effect. The OPG/RANKL ratio decreased when exposed to LPS, furthermore increased significantly with the addition of HU-308 and finally decreased markedly after pretreatment with SR144528. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that activation of CB2 had anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive effects on LPS-stimulated hPDL cells. These findings suggest that activation of CB2 might be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.展开更多
Objective:To explore whether the serum test reference range of kidney function is suitable for healthy pregnant women in Xi'an and establish normal reference range for healthy pregnant women.Methods: A total of 13...Objective:To explore whether the serum test reference range of kidney function is suitable for healthy pregnant women in Xi'an and establish normal reference range for healthy pregnant women.Methods: A total of 1376 healthy pregnant women serum urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), uric acid (UA) is tested by AU5800 automatic biochemical analyzer, compared with healthy non pregnant women, statistical analysis results. At the same time, estimate whether the data shows a normal distribution, and evaluate the reference range of healthy pregnant women according to Mean ± 1.96s.Results:BUN and CERA data are normally distributed, and UA data is in a positive skew distribution. There were statistically significant differences in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels between healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women. There were statistically significant differences in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels of healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women in the same age group. The difference was not statistically significant in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels in different age groups of healthy pregnant women. The serum BUN of the healthy pregnant women reference range was lower than the healthy non-pregnant women, and the serum UA reference range of the healthy pregnant women was wider than the healthy non-pregnant women.Conclusion:Assessment the renal function status of pregnant women is not reasonable by non-pregnant woman's reference range of BUN, Cr and UA. It is imminent that targeted to establish local regional pregnant women BUN, Cr and UA normal reference range to accurately assess the renal function.展开更多
Spectroscopic study of water splitting by neutral metal clusters is crucial to understanding the microscopic mechanism of catalytic processes but has been proven to be a challenging experimental target due to the diff...Spectroscopic study of water splitting by neutral metal clusters is crucial to understanding the microscopic mechanism of catalytic processes but has been proven to be a challenging experimental target due to the difficulty in size selection.Here,we report a size-specific infrared spectroscopic study of the reactions between neutral group 3 metals and water molecules based on threshold photoionization using a vacuum ultraviolet laser.Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to identify the structures and to assign the experimental spectra.All the M_(2)O_(4)H_(4)(M=Sc,Y,La)products are found to have the intriguing M_(2)(μ_(2)-O)(μ_(2)-H)(μ_(2)-OH)(η^(1)-OH)_(2) structures,indicating that the H-OH bond breaking,the M-O/M-H/M-OH bond formation,and hydrogen production proceed efficiently in the reactions between laser-vaporized metals and water molecules.The joint experimental and theoretical results on the atomic scale demonstrate that the water splitting by neutral group 3 metals is both thermodynamically exothermic and kinetically facile in the gas phase.These findings have important implications for unravelling the structure-reactivity relationship of catalysts with isolated metal atoms/clusters dispersed on supports.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the main cause of disability,mental health disorder,and even death,with its incidence and social costs rising steadily.Although different treatment strategies have been developed and test...Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the main cause of disability,mental health disorder,and even death,with its incidence and social costs rising steadily.Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline,a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive.Studies have revealed that vari-ous neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,neurite regeneration,and memory function.These factors are instrumental in alleviating neu-roinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration.In addition,neural stem cells(NSC)contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties,the release of neurotrophins,the activation of endogenous NSCs,and in-tercellular signaling.Notably,innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs,enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI.In this review,we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogen-esis and restoring neural function after TBI,comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI,and investigate their interaction with NSCs.This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI,thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.展开更多
Nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium(NiTi) alloy is an ideal implant biomaterial because of its shape memory effect, superelasticity, low elastic modulus as well as other desirable properties.However, it is prone to inf...Nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium(NiTi) alloy is an ideal implant biomaterial because of its shape memory effect, superelasticity, low elastic modulus as well as other desirable properties.However, it is prone to infection because of its poor antibacterial ability.The present work incorporated Cu into Ni–Ti–O nanopores(NP–Cu) anodically grown on the NiTi alloy to enhance its antibacterial ability, which was realized through electrodeposition.Our results show that incorporation of Cu(0.78 at%–2.37 at%)has little influence on the NP diameter, length and morphology.The release level of Cu ions is in line with loadage which may be responsible for the improved antibacterial ability of the NiTi alloy to combat possible bacterial infection in vivo.Meanwhile, the NP–Cu shows better cytocompatibility and even can promote proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),up-regulate collagen secretion and extracellular matrix mineralization when compared with Cu-free sample.Better antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of the NP–Cu render them to be promising when serving as NiTi implant coatings.展开更多
Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity,leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death.It is a major risk factor for chronic human dise...Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity,leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death.It is a major risk factor for chronic human diseases,including cardiovascular disease,diabetes,neurological degeneration,and cancer.Therefore,the growing emphasis on “healthy aging” raises a series of important questions in life and social sciences.In recent years,there has been unprecedented progress in aging research,particularly the discovery that the rate of aging is at least partly controlled by evolutionarily conserved genetic pathways and biological processes.In an attempt to bring full-fledged understanding to both the aging process and age-associated diseases,we review the descriptive,conceptual,and interventive aspects of the landscape of aging composed of a number of layers at the cellular,tissue,organ,organ system,and organismal levels.展开更多
superstructures has enormous potential in material sciences and engineering. Despite the potential,controlled assembly of different kinds of NPs into spatially addressable hybrid configurations still remains a formida...superstructures has enormous potential in material sciences and engineering. Despite the potential,controlled assembly of different kinds of NPs into spatially addressable hybrid configurations still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report a simple and universal strategy for DNA-mediated assembly of CdTe quantum dots(QDs) and lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs). Such DNA-QD/UCNPs heterostructures not only maintains both fluorescent properties of QDs and upconversion luminescence behaviors of UCNPs, but also offers a polyvalent DNA surface, allowing for targeted dual-modality imaging of cancer cells using an aptamer. The hetero-assembly mediated by the DNA à inorganic interfacial interaction may provide a scalable way to fabricate hybrid superstructures of both theoretical and practical interests.展开更多
The detection mission of gravitational waves in space is that the accuracy of the long-baseline intersatellite laser interferometry on the million-kilometer order needs to reach the order of 8 pm/Hz.Among all noise so...The detection mission of gravitational waves in space is that the accuracy of the long-baseline intersatellite laser interferometry on the million-kilometer order needs to reach the order of 8 pm/Hz.Among all noise sources that affect the interferometry accuracy,tilt-to-length(TTL)coupling noise is the second largest source of noise after shot noise.This paper focuses on studying the contribution of TTL coupling noise of the telescope system in the intersatellite scientific interferometer.By referring to the laser interferometer space antenna(LISA)’s noise budget,TTL coupling noise is required to be within±25μm/rad(±300μrad).Therefore,this paper focuses on studying both the mechanism of TTL coupling noise due to the noise sources of the telescope and the method of suppressing the TTL noise,which can lay a foundation for noise distribution and the development of engineering prototypes in subsequent tasks.展开更多
Although Ni-Ti-O nanopores(NPs) can be fabricated by anodization of mechanically polished NiTi alloys, the top disordered layer is difficult to remove thus hindering the functionality of the Ni-Ti-O NPs. In this work,...Although Ni-Ti-O nanopores(NPs) can be fabricated by anodization of mechanically polished NiTi alloys, the top disordered layer is difficult to remove thus hindering the functionality of the Ni-Ti-O NPs. In this work, an electropolishing(EP) pretreatment was performed on the NiTi substrate prior to anodization to thoroughly expose the NPs. Our results show that the EP pretreatment for 5 min perfectly removes the top disordered layer on the Ni-Ti-O NPs to expose the underlying NPs and consequently, the corrosion resistance and antibacterial ability are enhanced. The exposed NPs can elongate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which may be responsible for the upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, secretion of Type I collagen, and extracellular matrix mineralization. These results suggest that EP is a desirable pretreatment before anodization of the NiTi alloys because the irregular surface layer on the Ni-Ti-O NPs can be removed to enhance the corrosion resistance and biological functions.展开更多
Bispecific chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials for advanced B-cell malignancies.However,it is challenging to broaden the success of bispecific CAR-T therapi...Bispecific chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials for advanced B-cell malignancies.However,it is challenging to broaden the success of bispecific CAR-T therapies to treat refractory/relapse(r/r)T-cell leukemia/lymphoma because targeting multiple T-cell-expressing antigens leads to exacerbated CAR-T cell fratricide and potential safety concerns.Fully human heavy chain variable(FHVH)antibodies that specifically target CD5 or CD7 were screened and constructed to CD5/CD7 bispecific CARs.A truncated Epidermal growth factor receptor were integrated into CAR constructs to address safety concerns.To tackle the fratricidal issue of CAR-T cells targeting T-cell-pan marker(s),CRISPR/Cas9-based CD5 and CD7 genes knockout were performed before lentiviral transduction of bispecific CARs.Functional comparison between different bispecific CAR structures:tandem CARs and dual CAR were performed in vitro and in vivo to determine the optimal construct suitable for addressing T-cell malignancy antigen escape in clinical setting.Knockout of CD5 and CD7 prevents fratricide of CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells,and FHVH-derived CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells demonstrate potent antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.The fratricide-resistant FHVH-derived CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells have potent antitumor activity against T-cell malignancies,and tandem CARs are more effective than dual CAR in preventing tumor escape in heterogeneous leukemic cells.The meaningful clinical efficacy and safety of tandem CD5/CD7 CAR-T cells deserve to be explored urgently.展开更多
Dear Editor,The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 leads global epidemic with high morbidity and mortality.However,the pathophysiology of this deadly virus is complex and largely unknown.Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostati...Dear Editor,The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 leads global epidemic with high morbidity and mortality.However,the pathophysiology of this deadly virus is complex and largely unknown.Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostatic process that allows cells to recycle their components.Several studies provided evidence that human coronavirus infections are closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy.1 Autophagy may play a crucial role in the SARS-CoV-2 viral lifecycle.展开更多
Stents made of nearly equiatomic NiTi alloy are used to treat malignant obstruction caused by cancer,but prevention of re-obstruction after surgery is still a challenge because the bare stents possess poor anticancer ...Stents made of nearly equiatomic NiTi alloy are used to treat malignant obstruction caused by cancer,but prevention of re-obstruction after surgery is still a challenge because the bare stents possess poor anticancer and antibacterial properties to inhibit cancer/bacteria invasion.The present work aims at endowing the NiTi alloy with anticancer and antibacterial abilities by surface modification.Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers with different thicknesses were prepared on NiTi by anodization,and biological experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects on gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus,human lung epithelial cancer cells(A549),as well as human endothelial cells(EA.hy926).The nanoporous layer with a thickness of 10.1 lm inhibits growth of cancer cells and kill bacteria but shows little adverse effects on normal cells.Such selectivity is related to the larger amount of Ni ions leached from the sample in the acidic microenvironment of cancer cells in comparison with normal cells.The Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers are promising as coatings on NiTi stents to prevent re-obstruction after surgery.展开更多
Stenting has been widely adopted for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,but the complications such as in-stent restenosis and late stent thrombosis cannot be completely avoided,which are closely related to endot...Stenting has been widely adopted for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,but the complications such as in-stent restenosis and late stent thrombosis cannot be completely avoided,which are closely related to endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response.In the present work,oxide nanosheets were grown on the surface of nearly equiatomic Ni Ti alloy by alkaline corrosion(AC),aiming at yielding favorable endothelial functionality and immune microenvironment.The results show nanosheets mainly composed of TiO_(2),Ni(OH)_(2),and K_(2)TiO_(3)can be grown on the alloy in KOH solution of 2.5–15 M at room temperature.The AC-treated samples significantly promote endothelial cell(EC)functionality such as proliferation,migration,NO production,VEGF secretion,and angiogenesis.In addition,the sample grown in KOH of 15 M can switch macrophages to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and up-regulate the gene expression of VEGF to facilitate EC functionality.These results demonstrate that the nanosheets can directly and indirectly up-regulate EC functionality,possibly leading to rapid re-endothelialization of the stents thus addressing the stent-related complications.展开更多
文摘Background: Double-lumen endotracheal (DLT) is commonly used for one-lung ventilation and lung separation during thoracic surgery. There are case reports of medically induced laryngeal granulomas, mainly in patients after single-lumen endotracheal (SLT) tube intubation and tracheotomy, and giant granulomas of the vocal cords due to double-lumen bronchial tube insertion have rarely been reported. Case presentation: A 49-year-old female patient underwent single-port thoracoscopy after DLT intubation as well as a wedge resection of the lower lobe of the left lung, which caused giant vocal process granulomas (VPGs) postoperatively. Based on a retrospective analysis of the general condition, current medical history, past medical history, and visual laryngoscopic observation of the vocal folds tissue, which ruled out preoperative vocal fold granuloma formation, we hypothesized that double-lumen bronchial catheter intubation may have been the primary cause of her vocal fold granuloma formation. Conclusions: Giant granuloma of the vocal folds after DLT insertion is a rare postoperative complication;therefore, if DLT intubation is to be performed, the anesthesiologist should choose an appropriate intubation plan and deal with it promptly to avoid the risk factors to ensure that the patient’s perioperative period is safe and smooth. In addition, if postoperative complications are encountered, they should be followed up and observed on time.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82074039 and 82204584).
文摘Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that pre-existing diabetes increases the risk of Parkinson's disease(PD).However,the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.In the present study,we found that high glucose(HG)levels in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of diabetic rats might enhance the effect of a subthreshold dose of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)on the development of motor disorders,and the damage to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuronal pathway.In vitro,HG promoted the 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells differentiated to neurons with nerve growth factor(NGF)(NGF-PC12).Metabolomics showed that HG promoted hyperglycolysis in neurons and impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA cycle)activity,which was closely related to abnormal mitochondrial fusion,thus resulting in mitochondrial loss.Interestingly,HG-induced upregulation of pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2)combined with 6-OHDA exposure not only mediated glycolysis but also promoted abnormal mitochondrial fusion by upregulating the expression of MFN2 in NGF-PC12 cells.In addition,we found that PKM2 knockdown rescued the abnormal mitochondrial fusion and cell apoptosis induced by HGþ6-OHDA.Furthermore,we found that shikonin(SK),an inhibitor of PKM2,restored the mitochondrial number,promoted TCA cycle activity,reversed hyperglycolysis,enhanced the tolerance of cultured neurons to 6-OHDA,and reduced the risk of PD in diabetic rats.Overall,our results indicate that diabetes promotes hyperglycolysis and abnormal mitochondrial fusion in neurons through the upregulation of PKM2,leading to an increase in the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to 6-OHDA.Thus,the inhibition of PKM2 and restoration of mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis/pathways may prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic PD.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of neuroprotective effect of lychee seed saponins(LSS) in BV-2.METHODS Aβ_(1-42) induced BV-2 cells were incubated with LSS for 12 h,the content of the inflammatory factors such as IL^(-1)β,TNF-α,COX-2 and i NOS in the supernatant of BV-2 cell were measured by ELISA.The detection of the m RNA levels and the protein expression of the inflammatory factors including IL^(-1)β,TNF-α,COX-2 and i NOS using real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS The level of IL^(-1)β,COX-2 and i NOS significantly increased with the treatment of Aβ_(1-42),and 0.117 mg·L^(-1)-0.469 mg·L^(-1) LSS can inhibit these increased level.CONCLUSION LSS conferred neuroprotection via inhibiting the inflammatory factors expression.
文摘Background and Objective: It has been found that human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells express cannabinoid receptor CB2. However, the functional importance of CB2 in hPDL cells exposed to bacterial endotoxins is not known. Here we investigate if the inflammation promoter lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects CB2 expression and if activation of CB2 regulates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and osteoclastogenic gene expression in hPDL cells. Methods: The hPDL cells were obtained from extracted teeth of periodontally healthy subjects. CB2 expression in hPDL cells exposed to LPS was deter- mined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Then, the cells were incubated with or without CB2-specific agonist HU-308 before further stimulation with LPS. In some experiments, the cells were pre-treated with CB2-specific antagonist SR144528. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of osteoclastogenic genes osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was examined using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Results: CB2 expression in hPDL cells was markedly enhanced by LPS. HU-308 significantly suppressed the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α exposed to LPS, whereas SR144528 attenuated this effect. The OPG/RANKL ratio decreased when exposed to LPS, furthermore increased significantly with the addition of HU-308 and finally decreased markedly after pretreatment with SR144528. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that activation of CB2 had anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive effects on LPS-stimulated hPDL cells. These findings suggest that activation of CB2 might be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.
文摘Objective:To explore whether the serum test reference range of kidney function is suitable for healthy pregnant women in Xi'an and establish normal reference range for healthy pregnant women.Methods: A total of 1376 healthy pregnant women serum urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), uric acid (UA) is tested by AU5800 automatic biochemical analyzer, compared with healthy non pregnant women, statistical analysis results. At the same time, estimate whether the data shows a normal distribution, and evaluate the reference range of healthy pregnant women according to Mean ± 1.96s.Results:BUN and CERA data are normally distributed, and UA data is in a positive skew distribution. There were statistically significant differences in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels between healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women. There were statistically significant differences in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels of healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women in the same age group. The difference was not statistically significant in serum BUN, CERA and UA levels in different age groups of healthy pregnant women. The serum BUN of the healthy pregnant women reference range was lower than the healthy non-pregnant women, and the serum UA reference range of the healthy pregnant women was wider than the healthy non-pregnant women.Conclusion:Assessment the renal function status of pregnant women is not reasonable by non-pregnant woman's reference range of BUN, Cr and UA. It is imminent that targeted to establish local regional pregnant women BUN, Cr and UA normal reference range to accurately assess the renal function.
基金the Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS) for support and assistancesupported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2021YFA1400501)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22125303,92061203,92061114,21976049,22103082,22273101 and 22288201)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(No.2020187)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (No.2021ZD0303304)CAS (No.GJJSTD20220001)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (No.DICP DCLS201702)International Partnership Program of CAS (No.121421KYSB20170012)K.C.Wong Education Foundation (No.GJTD-2018-06).
文摘Spectroscopic study of water splitting by neutral metal clusters is crucial to understanding the microscopic mechanism of catalytic processes but has been proven to be a challenging experimental target due to the difficulty in size selection.Here,we report a size-specific infrared spectroscopic study of the reactions between neutral group 3 metals and water molecules based on threshold photoionization using a vacuum ultraviolet laser.Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to identify the structures and to assign the experimental spectra.All the M_(2)O_(4)H_(4)(M=Sc,Y,La)products are found to have the intriguing M_(2)(μ_(2)-O)(μ_(2)-H)(μ_(2)-OH)(η^(1)-OH)_(2) structures,indicating that the H-OH bond breaking,the M-O/M-H/M-OH bond formation,and hydrogen production proceed efficiently in the reactions between laser-vaporized metals and water molecules.The joint experimental and theoretical results on the atomic scale demonstrate that the water splitting by neutral group 3 metals is both thermodynamically exothermic and kinetically facile in the gas phase.These findings have important implications for unravelling the structure-reactivity relationship of catalysts with isolated metal atoms/clusters dispersed on supports.
基金Laboratory Animal Foundation Program of Military,Grant/Award Number:SYDW[2018]01Promotion Plan of the Air Force Medical University,Grant/Award Number:2020SWAQ11Shaanxi Province Innovation Capability Support Plan,Grant/Award Number:2021PT-037。
文摘Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the main cause of disability,mental health disorder,and even death,with its incidence and social costs rising steadily.Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline,a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive.Studies have revealed that vari-ous neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,neurite regeneration,and memory function.These factors are instrumental in alleviating neu-roinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration.In addition,neural stem cells(NSC)contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties,the release of neurotrophins,the activation of endogenous NSCs,and in-tercellular signaling.Notably,innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs,enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI.In this review,we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogen-esis and restoring neural function after TBI,comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI,and investigate their interaction with NSCs.This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI,thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.
基金financially supported by the Fund for Shanxi ‘‘1331 Project’’ Key Innovative Research Team (No.1331KIRT)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No.201801D121093)the Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology of Shanxi Province (No.201805D131001)
文摘Nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium(NiTi) alloy is an ideal implant biomaterial because of its shape memory effect, superelasticity, low elastic modulus as well as other desirable properties.However, it is prone to infection because of its poor antibacterial ability.The present work incorporated Cu into Ni–Ti–O nanopores(NP–Cu) anodically grown on the NiTi alloy to enhance its antibacterial ability, which was realized through electrodeposition.Our results show that incorporation of Cu(0.78 at%–2.37 at%)has little influence on the NP diameter, length and morphology.The release level of Cu ions is in line with loadage which may be responsible for the improved antibacterial ability of the NiTi alloy to combat possible bacterial infection in vivo.Meanwhile, the NP–Cu shows better cytocompatibility and even can promote proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),up-regulate collagen secretion and extracellular matrix mineralization when compared with Cu-free sample.Better antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of the NP–Cu render them to be promising when serving as NiTi implant coatings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871380,32000500,32070730,32170756,32170804,81330008,81671377,81725010,81725010,81872874,81921006,81922027,81971312,81991512,82030041,82103167,82122024,82125009,82125011,82130044,91749126,91949101,91949207,92049302)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0506400,2018YFA0800200,2018YFA0800700,2018YFA0900200,2018YFC2000100,2018YFC2000400,2018YFE-0203700,20192ACB70002,2019YFA0802202,2020YFA0113400,2020YFA0803401,2020YFA0804000,2020YFC2002800,2020YFC-2002900,2021ZD0202401)+11 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16010100,XDA16010603,XDA16020400,XDB29020000,XDB39000000,XDB39000000,XDB39030300)the China Association for Science and Technology(2021QNRC001)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z200022)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(21JC1406400)the Key Programs of the Jiangxi ProvinceChina(20192ACB70002)the“Shu Guang”Project supported by the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation(19SG18)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1434300)the Research Project of Joint Laboratory of University of Science and Technology of China and Anhui Mental Health Center(2019LH03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2070210004)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(YESS20210002)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022083)。
文摘Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity,leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death.It is a major risk factor for chronic human diseases,including cardiovascular disease,diabetes,neurological degeneration,and cancer.Therefore,the growing emphasis on “healthy aging” raises a series of important questions in life and social sciences.In recent years,there has been unprecedented progress in aging research,particularly the discovery that the rate of aging is at least partly controlled by evolutionarily conserved genetic pathways and biological processes.In an attempt to bring full-fledged understanding to both the aging process and age-associated diseases,we review the descriptive,conceptual,and interventive aspects of the landscape of aging composed of a number of layers at the cellular,tissue,organ,organ system,and organismal levels.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21822401, 21771044)the Young Thousand Talented Program
文摘superstructures has enormous potential in material sciences and engineering. Despite the potential,controlled assembly of different kinds of NPs into spatially addressable hybrid configurations still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report a simple and universal strategy for DNA-mediated assembly of CdTe quantum dots(QDs) and lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs). Such DNA-QD/UCNPs heterostructures not only maintains both fluorescent properties of QDs and upconversion luminescence behaviors of UCNPs, but also offers a polyvalent DNA surface, allowing for targeted dual-modality imaging of cancer cells using an aptamer. The hetero-assembly mediated by the DNA à inorganic interfacial interaction may provide a scalable way to fabricate hybrid superstructures of both theoretical and practical interests.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0206703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21701163,21671181,21831006,22075268)Ningbo Veken Battery Co.,Ltd.(2018B10043)。
基金This work is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA15020000).
文摘The detection mission of gravitational waves in space is that the accuracy of the long-baseline intersatellite laser interferometry on the million-kilometer order needs to reach the order of 8 pm/Hz.Among all noise sources that affect the interferometry accuracy,tilt-to-length(TTL)coupling noise is the second largest source of noise after shot noise.This paper focuses on studying the contribution of TTL coupling noise of the telescope system in the intersatellite scientific interferometer.By referring to the laser interferometer space antenna(LISA)’s noise budget,TTL coupling noise is required to be within±25μm/rad(±300μrad).Therefore,this paper focuses on studying both the mechanism of TTL coupling noise due to the noise sources of the telescope and the method of suppressing the TTL noise,which can lay a foundation for noise distribution and the development of engineering prototypes in subsequent tasks.
基金financially supported by the Fund for Shanxi ‘‘1331 Project’’ Key Innovative Research Team (No.PY201809)the Program for the Innovative Talents of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxi (PTIT)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 201801D121093)Hong Kong Research Grant Council (RGC) General Research Funds (GRF)(No. City U11205617)。
文摘Although Ni-Ti-O nanopores(NPs) can be fabricated by anodization of mechanically polished NiTi alloys, the top disordered layer is difficult to remove thus hindering the functionality of the Ni-Ti-O NPs. In this work, an electropolishing(EP) pretreatment was performed on the NiTi substrate prior to anodization to thoroughly expose the NPs. Our results show that the EP pretreatment for 5 min perfectly removes the top disordered layer on the Ni-Ti-O NPs to expose the underlying NPs and consequently, the corrosion resistance and antibacterial ability are enhanced. The exposed NPs can elongate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which may be responsible for the upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, secretion of Type I collagen, and extracellular matrix mineralization. These results suggest that EP is a desirable pretreatment before anodization of the NiTi alloys because the irregular surface layer on the Ni-Ti-O NPs can be removed to enhance the corrosion resistance and biological functions.
文摘Bispecific chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials for advanced B-cell malignancies.However,it is challenging to broaden the success of bispecific CAR-T therapies to treat refractory/relapse(r/r)T-cell leukemia/lymphoma because targeting multiple T-cell-expressing antigens leads to exacerbated CAR-T cell fratricide and potential safety concerns.Fully human heavy chain variable(FHVH)antibodies that specifically target CD5 or CD7 were screened and constructed to CD5/CD7 bispecific CARs.A truncated Epidermal growth factor receptor were integrated into CAR constructs to address safety concerns.To tackle the fratricidal issue of CAR-T cells targeting T-cell-pan marker(s),CRISPR/Cas9-based CD5 and CD7 genes knockout were performed before lentiviral transduction of bispecific CARs.Functional comparison between different bispecific CAR structures:tandem CARs and dual CAR were performed in vitro and in vivo to determine the optimal construct suitable for addressing T-cell malignancy antigen escape in clinical setting.Knockout of CD5 and CD7 prevents fratricide of CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells,and FHVH-derived CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells demonstrate potent antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.The fratricide-resistant FHVH-derived CD5/CD7 bispecific CAR-T cells have potent antitumor activity against T-cell malignancies,and tandem CARs are more effective than dual CAR in preventing tumor escape in heterogeneous leukemic cells.The meaningful clinical efficacy and safety of tandem CD5/CD7 CAR-T cells deserve to be explored urgently.
基金Emergency Science and Technology Project of China's Ministry of Science and Technology(2020YFC0845600)Emergency Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(2020FCA046)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(2042021 kf0049)the Special Fund for COVID-19 Research of Wuhan University,National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0505801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81825015,81871650,and 31630086)National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX10101004)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province Innovation Group(2017CFA022).
文摘Dear Editor,The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 leads global epidemic with high morbidity and mortality.However,the pathophysiology of this deadly virus is complex and largely unknown.Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostatic process that allows cells to recycle their components.Several studies provided evidence that human coronavirus infections are closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy.1 Autophagy may play a crucial role in the SARS-CoV-2 viral lifecycle.
基金This study was financially supported by the Fund for Shanxi"1331 Project"Key Innovative Research Team(No.PY201809)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.201801D121093)Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Funds(No.CityU 11205617).
文摘Stents made of nearly equiatomic NiTi alloy are used to treat malignant obstruction caused by cancer,but prevention of re-obstruction after surgery is still a challenge because the bare stents possess poor anticancer and antibacterial properties to inhibit cancer/bacteria invasion.The present work aims at endowing the NiTi alloy with anticancer and antibacterial abilities by surface modification.Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers with different thicknesses were prepared on NiTi by anodization,and biological experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects on gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus,human lung epithelial cancer cells(A549),as well as human endothelial cells(EA.hy926).The nanoporous layer with a thickness of 10.1 lm inhibits growth of cancer cells and kill bacteria but shows little adverse effects on normal cells.Such selectivity is related to the larger amount of Ni ions leached from the sample in the acidic microenvironment of cancer cells in comparison with normal cells.The Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers are promising as coatings on NiTi stents to prevent re-obstruction after surgery.
基金the Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”Key Innovative Research Team(PY201809)Program for the Innovative Talents of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxi(PTIT)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(201801D121093)。
文摘Stenting has been widely adopted for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,but the complications such as in-stent restenosis and late stent thrombosis cannot be completely avoided,which are closely related to endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response.In the present work,oxide nanosheets were grown on the surface of nearly equiatomic Ni Ti alloy by alkaline corrosion(AC),aiming at yielding favorable endothelial functionality and immune microenvironment.The results show nanosheets mainly composed of TiO_(2),Ni(OH)_(2),and K_(2)TiO_(3)can be grown on the alloy in KOH solution of 2.5–15 M at room temperature.The AC-treated samples significantly promote endothelial cell(EC)functionality such as proliferation,migration,NO production,VEGF secretion,and angiogenesis.In addition,the sample grown in KOH of 15 M can switch macrophages to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and up-regulate the gene expression of VEGF to facilitate EC functionality.These results demonstrate that the nanosheets can directly and indirectly up-regulate EC functionality,possibly leading to rapid re-endothelialization of the stents thus addressing the stent-related complications.
