Dear Editor,I mplantable collamer lens(ICL)surgery demonstrates longterm stability and favorable refractive outcome[1-2].An increasing number of individuals across all age groups opt for refraction removal through ICL...Dear Editor,I mplantable collamer lens(ICL)surgery demonstrates longterm stability and favorable refractive outcome[1-2].An increasing number of individuals across all age groups opt for refraction removal through ICL surgery.Currently,instances of ICL displacement resulting from trauma remain rare,and there are no documented cases of ICL damage due to blunt trauma.Postoperative ICL dislocations were found in 7 eyes(9775 total,equating to 0.072%of ICL implants),averaging 28.6mo(11-82mo)[3].展开更多
Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Altho...Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Although recent studies have indicated that the caudateputamen nucleus may be a sensory gating area involved in noise elimination in tinnitus,the underlying mechanisms of this disorder are yet to be determined.To investigate the potential role of the caudate-putamen nucleus in experimentally induced tinnitus,we created a rat model of tinnitus induced by intraperitoneal administration of 350 mg/kg sodium salicylate.Our results revealed that the mean spontaneous firing rate of the caudate-putamen nucleus was increased by sodium salicylate treatment,while dopamine levels were decreased.In addition,electrical stimulation of the caudate-putamen nucleus markedly reduced the spontaneous firing rate of neurons in the primary auditory cortex.These findings suggest that the caudate-putamen nucleus plays a sensory gating role in sodium salicylate-induced tinnitus.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University Health Science Center(approval No.A2010031)on December 6,2017.展开更多
This study was designed to compare optical biometry measurements and predicted refraction in cataract patients with high myopia [axial length(AL) ≥26 mm] using OA-2000 and IOL Master 500. Ocular biometry measurements...This study was designed to compare optical biometry measurements and predicted refraction in cataract patients with high myopia [axial length(AL) ≥26 mm] using OA-2000 and IOL Master 500. Ocular biometry measurements were performed using both biometers before surgery. Uneventful cataract surgery was performed in all patients. Postoperative manifest refraction was obtained 3 wk after surgery or later. A total of 67 eyes were examined. The AL, keratometry(K), and anterior chamber depth(ACD) of the two biometers showed excellent agreement. Predicted errors were similar and a strong positive correlation was observed(r=0.909). Out of 21 eyes(31.34%) with unsuccessful AL readings using the IOL Master 500, 20 eyes of them could be measured using OA-2000. Therefore, the biometric parameters measured by the two biometers showed good agreement. However, OA-2000 had a lower AL measurement failure rate.展开更多
After catching a cold,a 42-year-old male experienced acute onset of progressive hoarseness and persistent cough.His primary physician prescribed a course of antibiotics for laryngitis which turned out ineffective.His ...After catching a cold,a 42-year-old male experienced acute onset of progressive hoarseness and persistent cough.His primary physician prescribed a course of antibiotics for laryngitis which turned out ineffective.His symptoms persisted for about 6 months and a vocal fold lesion was suspected.So he was admitted to the Peking University Third Hospital.The patient denied pharyngalgia,dysphagia,dyspnea,fever,or weight loss in the past 6 months.He had smoked for more than 20 years,two packs a day.Indirect and flexible laryngoscope revealed a pink exophytic mass with a narrow base on the middle third of right vocal fold.The neoplasm had a smooth surface with a diameter of about 10 mm [Figure 1].The movement of the vocal fold was normal,and no abnormality was found in the nasopharynx or oropharynx,except for some non-specific chronic inflammation signs.No superficial lymph node was palpable.Taken together all the clinical information,a benign lesion such as polyp was presumed.So without a biopsy,a direct suspension laryngoscopy was performed under general anesthesia.The lesion was resected with CO2 laser following the phonomicrosurgery principle.展开更多
Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported....Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported. As a significant component of the l imbic system, the hippocampus plays an important role in various pathological processes, such as emotional disturbance, decreased learning ability, and deterioration of memory. This study was aimed to explore the role of the hippocampus in the generation oftinnitus by electrophysiological technology. Methods： A tinnitus model was established in rats through intraperitoneal injection of salicylate （SA）. Subsequently, the spontaneous firing rate （SFR） of neurons in the hippocampal CAI area was recorded with in vivo multichannel recording technology to assess changes in excitability induced by SA. To investigate the effect of excitability changes ofhippocampus on the auditory pathway, the hippocampus was electrically stimulated and neural excitability in the auditory cortex （AC） was monitored. Results： Totally 65 neurons in the hippocampal CAI area were recorded, 45 from the SA group （n = 5）, and 20 from the saline group （n = 5）. Two hours after treatment, mean SFR of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area had significantly increased from 3.06 ± 0.36 Hz to 9.18 ±1.30 Hz in the SA group （t = -4.521, P 〈 0.05）, while no significant difference was observed in the saline group （2.66 ± 0.36 Hz vs. 2.16 ± 0.36 Hz, t = 0.902, P 〉 0.05）. In the AC, 79.3% （157/198） of recorded neurons showed responses to electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. Presumed pyramidal neurons were excited, while intermediate neurons were inhibited after electrical stimulation of the hippocampus. Conclusions： The study shows that the hippocampus is excited in SA-induced tinnitus, and stimulation of hippocampus could modulate neuronal excitability of the AC. The hippocampus is involved in tinnitus and may also have a regulatory effect on the neural center.展开更多
Erythropoietic protoporphyria（EPP）, an autosomal dominant disease, is caused by partial deficiency of ferrochelatase（FECH）, which catalyzes the terminal step of heme biosynthesis because of loss-of-function mutati...Erythropoietic protoporphyria（EPP）, an autosomal dominant disease, is caused by partial deficiency of ferrochelatase（FECH）, which catalyzes the terminal step of heme biosynthesis because of loss-of-function mutations in the FECH gene. To date, only a few cases have been described in Asia. In this study, we describe the clinical features of two Chinese patients with EPP, with diagnosis confirmed by the increase of free protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, detection of plasma fluorescence peak at 630–634 nm, and analysis of FECH gene mutations. Using gene scanning, we identified a small deletion in the FECH gene（c.973 delA） in one proband（patient A） and a pathogenic FECH mutation（c.1232 GT） in the other（patient B） and also observed some nucleotide variations（c.798 CG, c.921 AG, IVS1-23 CT, IVS3＋23 AG, IVS9＋35 CT, and IVS3-48 TC） in these patients. The family pedigree of patient A was then established by characterization of the genotype of the patient＇s relatives. We also analyzed the potential perniciousness of the missense mutation with bioinformatic software, Polyphen and Sift. In summary, Chinese EPP patients have similar manifestations to those of Caucasians, and identification of the Chinese FECH gene mutations expands the FECH genotypic spectrum and may contribute to genetic counseling.展开更多
To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic b...To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic brain abscesses over the past years,there are still substantial patient deaths due to cerebral hernia or brain abscess rupture.In these lethal cases,proper time and means to drain the abscess are very important for good outcomes.Herein,we describe the successful management of a young male patient with otogenic brain abscess and cerebral hernia using transmastoid middle skull base craniectomy and ultrasound-guided abscess aspiration.展开更多
基金Supported by the Guangdong Medical Research Foundation(No.B2023206).
文摘Dear Editor,I mplantable collamer lens(ICL)surgery demonstrates longterm stability and favorable refractive outcome[1-2].An increasing number of individuals across all age groups opt for refraction removal through ICL surgery.Currently,instances of ICL displacement resulting from trauma remain rare,and there are no documented cases of ICL damage due to blunt trauma.Postoperative ICL dislocations were found in 7 eyes(9775 total,equating to 0.072%of ICL implants),averaging 28.6mo(11-82mo)[3].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.21790391(to LQM)and 81870727(to FRM).
文摘Tinnitus can be described as the conscious perception of sound without external stimulation,and it is often accompanied by anxiety,depression,and insomnia.Current clinical treatments for tinnitus are ineffective.Although recent studies have indicated that the caudateputamen nucleus may be a sensory gating area involved in noise elimination in tinnitus,the underlying mechanisms of this disorder are yet to be determined.To investigate the potential role of the caudate-putamen nucleus in experimentally induced tinnitus,we created a rat model of tinnitus induced by intraperitoneal administration of 350 mg/kg sodium salicylate.Our results revealed that the mean spontaneous firing rate of the caudate-putamen nucleus was increased by sodium salicylate treatment,while dopamine levels were decreased.In addition,electrical stimulation of the caudate-putamen nucleus markedly reduced the spontaneous firing rate of neurons in the primary auditory cortex.These findings suggest that the caudate-putamen nucleus plays a sensory gating role in sodium salicylate-induced tinnitus.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University Health Science Center(approval No.A2010031)on December 6,2017.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No.2015A030310504)Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund (No. B2018142)The Shantou City Science and Technology Project, China (No.170829211930487)
文摘This study was designed to compare optical biometry measurements and predicted refraction in cataract patients with high myopia [axial length(AL) ≥26 mm] using OA-2000 and IOL Master 500. Ocular biometry measurements were performed using both biometers before surgery. Uneventful cataract surgery was performed in all patients. Postoperative manifest refraction was obtained 3 wk after surgery or later. A total of 67 eyes were examined. The AL, keratometry(K), and anterior chamber depth(ACD) of the two biometers showed excellent agreement. Predicted errors were similar and a strong positive correlation was observed(r=0.909). Out of 21 eyes(31.34%) with unsuccessful AL readings using the IOL Master 500, 20 eyes of them could be measured using OA-2000. Therefore, the biometric parameters measured by the two biometers showed good agreement. However, OA-2000 had a lower AL measurement failure rate.
文摘After catching a cold,a 42-year-old male experienced acute onset of progressive hoarseness and persistent cough.His primary physician prescribed a course of antibiotics for laryngitis which turned out ineffective.His symptoms persisted for about 6 months and a vocal fold lesion was suspected.So he was admitted to the Peking University Third Hospital.The patient denied pharyngalgia,dysphagia,dyspnea,fever,or weight loss in the past 6 months.He had smoked for more than 20 years,two packs a day.Indirect and flexible laryngoscope revealed a pink exophytic mass with a narrow base on the middle third of right vocal fold.The neoplasm had a smooth surface with a diameter of about 10 mm [Figure 1].The movement of the vocal fold was normal,and no abnormality was found in the nasopharynx or oropharynx,except for some non-specific chronic inflammation signs.No superficial lymph node was palpable.Taken together all the clinical information,a benign lesion such as polyp was presumed.So without a biopsy,a direct suspension laryngoscopy was performed under general anesthesia.The lesion was resected with CO2 laser following the phonomicrosurgery principle.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21272018 and No. 21372020）, Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation （No. 7082100）, and Capital Health Development and Scientific Research Projects （No. 2016-2-4094）.
文摘Background： Tinnitus is a common disorder that causes significant morbidity; however, the neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. A relationship between tinnitus and limbic system has been reported. As a significant component of the l imbic system, the hippocampus plays an important role in various pathological processes, such as emotional disturbance, decreased learning ability, and deterioration of memory. This study was aimed to explore the role of the hippocampus in the generation oftinnitus by electrophysiological technology. Methods： A tinnitus model was established in rats through intraperitoneal injection of salicylate （SA）. Subsequently, the spontaneous firing rate （SFR） of neurons in the hippocampal CAI area was recorded with in vivo multichannel recording technology to assess changes in excitability induced by SA. To investigate the effect of excitability changes ofhippocampus on the auditory pathway, the hippocampus was electrically stimulated and neural excitability in the auditory cortex （AC） was monitored. Results： Totally 65 neurons in the hippocampal CAI area were recorded, 45 from the SA group （n = 5）, and 20 from the saline group （n = 5）. Two hours after treatment, mean SFR of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area had significantly increased from 3.06 ± 0.36 Hz to 9.18 ±1.30 Hz in the SA group （t = -4.521, P 〈 0.05）, while no significant difference was observed in the saline group （2.66 ± 0.36 Hz vs. 2.16 ± 0.36 Hz, t = 0.902, P 〉 0.05）. In the AC, 79.3% （157/198） of recorded neurons showed responses to electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. Presumed pyramidal neurons were excited, while intermediate neurons were inhibited after electrical stimulation of the hippocampus. Conclusions： The study shows that the hippocampus is excited in SA-induced tinnitus, and stimulation of hippocampus could modulate neuronal excitability of the AC. The hippocampus is involved in tinnitus and may also have a regulatory effect on the neural center.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Project(973)of China(No.2012CB934000)the National Distinguished Youth Scholar Grant of China(No.31325010)
文摘Erythropoietic protoporphyria（EPP）, an autosomal dominant disease, is caused by partial deficiency of ferrochelatase（FECH）, which catalyzes the terminal step of heme biosynthesis because of loss-of-function mutations in the FECH gene. To date, only a few cases have been described in Asia. In this study, we describe the clinical features of two Chinese patients with EPP, with diagnosis confirmed by the increase of free protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, detection of plasma fluorescence peak at 630–634 nm, and analysis of FECH gene mutations. Using gene scanning, we identified a small deletion in the FECH gene（c.973 delA） in one proband（patient A） and a pathogenic FECH mutation（c.1232 GT） in the other（patient B） and also observed some nucleotide variations（c.798 CG, c.921 AG, IVS1-23 CT, IVS3＋23 AG, IVS9＋35 CT, and IVS3-48 TC） in these patients. The family pedigree of patient A was then established by characterization of the genotype of the patient＇s relatives. We also analyzed the potential perniciousness of the missense mutation with bioinformatic software, Polyphen and Sift. In summary, Chinese EPP patients have similar manifestations to those of Caucasians, and identification of the Chinese FECH gene mutations expands the FECH genotypic spectrum and may contribute to genetic counseling.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Peking University Third Hospital Clinical Project Fund(No.BYSY2017025)The China Capital Health Development Project(No.2016-2-4094).
文摘To the Editor:Otogenic brain abscesses are one of the most severe complications of the suppurative otitis media.Although extensive use of antibiotics has significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity of otogenic brain abscesses over the past years,there are still substantial patient deaths due to cerebral hernia or brain abscess rupture.In these lethal cases,proper time and means to drain the abscess are very important for good outcomes.Herein,we describe the successful management of a young male patient with otogenic brain abscess and cerebral hernia using transmastoid middle skull base craniectomy and ultrasound-guided abscess aspiration.
