Large‐scale underground hydrogen storage(UHS)provides a promising method for increasing the role of hydrogen in the process of carbon neutrality and energy transition.Of all the existing storage deposits,salt caverns...Large‐scale underground hydrogen storage(UHS)provides a promising method for increasing the role of hydrogen in the process of carbon neutrality and energy transition.Of all the existing storage deposits,salt caverns are recognized as ideal sites for pure hydrogen storage.Evaluation and optimization of site selection for hydrogen storage facilities in salt caverns have become significant issues.In this article,the software CiteSpace is used to analyze and filter hot topics in published research.Based on a detailed classification and analysis,a“four‐factor”model for the site selection of salt cavern hydrogen storage is proposed,encompassing the dynamic demands of hydrogen energy,geological,hydrological,and ground factors of salt mines.Subsequently,20 basic indicators for comprehensive suitability grading of the target site were screened using the analytic hierarchy process and expert survey methods were adopted,which provided a preliminary site selection system for salt cavern hydrogen storage.Ultimately,the developed system was applied for the evaluation of salt cavern hydrogen storage sites in the salt mines of Pingdingshan City,Henan Province,thereby confirming its rationality and effectiveness.This research provides a feasible method and theoretical basis for the site selection of UHS in salt caverns in China.展开更多
The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adopt...The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adoption of smart energy technology and implementation of electricity futures and spot marketization,which enabled the achievement of multiple energy spatial–temporal complementarities and overall grid balance through energy conversion and reconversion technologies.While China can draw from Germany’s experience to inform its own energy transition efforts,its 11-fold higher annual electricity consumption requires a distinct approach.We recommend a clean energy system based on smart sector coupling(ENSYSCO)as a suitable pathway for achieving sustainable energy in China,given that renewable energy is expected to guarantee 85%of China’s energy production by 2060,requiring significant future electricity storage capacity.Nonetheless,renewable energy storage remains a significant challenge.We propose four large-scale underground energy storage methods based on ENSYSCO to address this challenge,while considering China’s national conditions.These proposals have culminated in pilot projects for large-scale underground energy storage in China,which we believe is a necessary choice for achieving carbon neutrality in China and enabling efficient and safe grid integration of renewable energy within the framework of ENSYSCO.展开更多
Interparticle adhesion force has a controlling effect on the physical and mechanical properties of planetary regolith and rocks.The current research on the adhesion force of planetary regolith and rock particles has b...Interparticle adhesion force has a controlling effect on the physical and mechanical properties of planetary regolith and rocks.The current research on the adhesion force of planetary regolith and rock particles has been primarily based on the assumption of smooth spherical particles to calculate the intergranular adhesion force;this approach lacks consideration for the adhesion force between irregular shaped particles.In our study,an innovative approach was established to directly measure the adhesion force between the arbitrary irregular shaped particles;the probe was modified using simulated lunar soil particles that were a typical representation of planetary regolith.The experimental results showed that for irregular shaped mineral particles,the particle size and mineral composition had no significant influence on the interparticle adhesion force;however,the complex morphology of the contact surface predominantly controlled the adhesion force.As the contact surface roughness increased,the adhesion force gradually decreased,and the rate of decrease gradually slowed;these results were consistent with the change trend predicted via the theoretical models of quantum electrodynamics.Moreover,a theoretical model to predict the adhesion force between the irregular shaped particles was constructed based on Rabinovich’s theory,and the prediction results were correlated with the experimental measurements.展开更多
1.Introduction Promoting the green and low-carbon transition of energy systems and constructing a new renewable-dominated power system is essential to achieving carbon neutrality in China[1,2].Furthermore,implementing...1.Introduction Promoting the green and low-carbon transition of energy systems and constructing a new renewable-dominated power system is essential to achieving carbon neutrality in China[1,2].Furthermore,implementing electrification and hydrogenation strategies to address energy consumption is necessary for a successful energy transition.China’s share of electricity in its total energy consumption is estimated to increase from 26%in 2021 to more than 70%by 2060.展开更多
Understanding the anisotropic creep behaviors of shale under direct shearing is a challenging issue.In this context,we conducted shear-creep and steady-creep tests on shale with five bedding orientations (i.e.0°,...Understanding the anisotropic creep behaviors of shale under direct shearing is a challenging issue.In this context,we conducted shear-creep and steady-creep tests on shale with five bedding orientations (i.e.0°,30°,45°,60°,and 90°),under multiple levels of direct shearing for the first time.The results show that the anisotropic creep of shale exhibits a significant stress-dependent behavior.Under a low shear stress,the creep compliance of shale increases linearly with the logarithm of time at all bedding orientations,and the increase depends on the bedding orientation and creep time.Under high shear stress conditions,the creep compliance of shale is minimal when the bedding orientation is 0°,and the steady-creep rate of shale increases significantly with increasing bedding orientations of 30°,45°,60°,and 90°.The stress-strain values corresponding to the inception of the accelerated creep stage show an increasing and then decreasing trend with the bedding orientation.A semilogarithmic model that could reflect the stress dependence of the steady-creep rate while considering the hardening and damage process is proposed.The model minimizes the deviation of the calculated steady-state creep rate from the observed value and reveals the behavior of the bedding orientation's influence on the steady-creep rate.The applicability of the five classical empirical creep models is quantitatively evaluated.It shows that the logarithmic model can well explain the experimental creep strain and creep rate,and it can accurately predict long-term shear creep deformation.Based on an improved logarithmic model,the variations in creep parameters with shear stress and bedding orientations are discussed.With abovementioned findings,a mathematical method for constructing an anisotropic shear creep model of shale is proposed,which can characterize the nonlinear dependence of the anisotropic shear creep behavior of shale on the bedding orientation.展开更多
Decisive steps in innovation and competitiveness are needed to meet global greenhouse gas emissions and climate goals.As an effective method for reducing carbon emissions,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))storage and utilization ...Decisive steps in innovation and competitiveness are needed to meet global greenhouse gas emissions and climate goals.As an effective method for reducing carbon emissions,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))storage and utilization on the seabed enable the transport of captured CO_(2)via pipelines or ships to permanent storage sites,such as saline aquifers or depleted oil and gas reservoirs in subsea sediments,or by injecting CO_(2)for the replacement and displacement of subsea resources(oil,gas,gas hydrates,etc.).Subsea CO_(2)utilization and storage(SCUS)involves several research hotspots worldwide,including international and local laws and regulations,security,economics,environmental impact,and public acceptance.Its current research and engineering progress are also of great interest.In addition,the vigorous implementation of the energy transition and the rapid development of renewable energy sources globally have resulted in significant advancements in SCUS.This paper provides an overview of carbon dioxide storage and utilization mechanism in the seabed,analyzes key technical and economic issues,and summarizes existing research on safety risks,monitoring technologies,and investment and operating cost control to identify remaining knowledge gaps.This is followed by an overview of global engineering practice to update on current progress.Finally,combined with the actualities of China,the potential and trend of China's seabed carbon storage and utilization are summarized.This review demonstrates the enormous development prospects for seabed carbon storage and utilization,although some risks remain including leakage and contamination,with which innovation in monitoring technologies and the self-sealing effect of gas hydrate,safe subsea utilization and storage of CO_(2)can be achieved.Additionally,considering the development of renewable energy and the demand for large-scale energy storage,hydrogen,ammonia,or other energy carriers and carbon dioxide storage and utilization can be coupled into an industrial chain to form an economically competitive carbon geological storage mode.展开更多
基金supported by the Henan Institute for Chinese Development Strategy of Engineering&Technology(Grant No.2022HENZDA02)the Since&Technology Department of Sichuan Province Project(Grant No.2021YFH0010)the High‐End Foreign Experts Program of the Yunnan Revitalization Talents Support Plan of Yunnan Province.
文摘Large‐scale underground hydrogen storage(UHS)provides a promising method for increasing the role of hydrogen in the process of carbon neutrality and energy transition.Of all the existing storage deposits,salt caverns are recognized as ideal sites for pure hydrogen storage.Evaluation and optimization of site selection for hydrogen storage facilities in salt caverns have become significant issues.In this article,the software CiteSpace is used to analyze and filter hot topics in published research.Based on a detailed classification and analysis,a“four‐factor”model for the site selection of salt cavern hydrogen storage is proposed,encompassing the dynamic demands of hydrogen energy,geological,hydrological,and ground factors of salt mines.Subsequently,20 basic indicators for comprehensive suitability grading of the target site were screened using the analytic hierarchy process and expert survey methods were adopted,which provided a preliminary site selection system for salt cavern hydrogen storage.Ultimately,the developed system was applied for the evaluation of salt cavern hydrogen storage sites in the salt mines of Pingdingshan City,Henan Province,thereby confirming its rationality and effectiveness.This research provides a feasible method and theoretical basis for the site selection of UHS in salt caverns in China.
基金Henan Institute for Chinese Development Strategy of Engineering&Technology(No.2022HENZDA02)the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2021YFH0010)。
文摘The global energy transition is a widespread phenomenon that requires international exchange of experiences and mutual learning.Germany’s success in its first phase of energy transition can be attributed to its adoption of smart energy technology and implementation of electricity futures and spot marketization,which enabled the achievement of multiple energy spatial–temporal complementarities and overall grid balance through energy conversion and reconversion technologies.While China can draw from Germany’s experience to inform its own energy transition efforts,its 11-fold higher annual electricity consumption requires a distinct approach.We recommend a clean energy system based on smart sector coupling(ENSYSCO)as a suitable pathway for achieving sustainable energy in China,given that renewable energy is expected to guarantee 85%of China’s energy production by 2060,requiring significant future electricity storage capacity.Nonetheless,renewable energy storage remains a significant challenge.We propose four large-scale underground energy storage methods based on ENSYSCO to address this challenge,while considering China’s national conditions.These proposals have culminated in pilot projects for large-scale underground energy storage in China,which we believe is a necessary choice for achieving carbon neutrality in China and enabling efficient and safe grid integration of renewable energy within the framework of ENSYSCO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20166,52104141,12172230 and U2013603)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.2019ZT08G315)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515012654).
文摘Interparticle adhesion force has a controlling effect on the physical and mechanical properties of planetary regolith and rocks.The current research on the adhesion force of planetary regolith and rock particles has been primarily based on the assumption of smooth spherical particles to calculate the intergranular adhesion force;this approach lacks consideration for the adhesion force between irregular shaped particles.In our study,an innovative approach was established to directly measure the adhesion force between the arbitrary irregular shaped particles;the probe was modified using simulated lunar soil particles that were a typical representation of planetary regolith.The experimental results showed that for irregular shaped mineral particles,the particle size and mineral composition had no significant influence on the interparticle adhesion force;however,the complex morphology of the contact surface predominantly controlled the adhesion force.As the contact surface roughness increased,the adhesion force gradually decreased,and the rate of decrease gradually slowed;these results were consistent with the change trend predicted via the theoretical models of quantum electrodynamics.Moreover,a theoretical model to predict the adhesion force between the irregular shaped particles was constructed based on Rabinovich’s theory,and the prediction results were correlated with the experimental measurements.
基金funded by the Henan Institute for Chinese Development Strategy of Engineering and Technology(2022HENZDA02)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021YFH0010)the High-End Foreign Experts Program of the Yunnan Revitalization Talents Support Plan of Yunnan Province。
文摘1.Introduction Promoting the green and low-carbon transition of energy systems and constructing a new renewable-dominated power system is essential to achieving carbon neutrality in China[1,2].Furthermore,implementing electrification and hydrogenation strategies to address energy consumption is necessary for a successful energy transition.China’s share of electricity in its total energy consumption is estimated to increase from 26%in 2021 to more than 70%by 2060.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20166 and 12172230)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515012654)+1 种基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20166 and 12172230)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515012654)。
文摘Understanding the anisotropic creep behaviors of shale under direct shearing is a challenging issue.In this context,we conducted shear-creep and steady-creep tests on shale with five bedding orientations (i.e.0°,30°,45°,60°,and 90°),under multiple levels of direct shearing for the first time.The results show that the anisotropic creep of shale exhibits a significant stress-dependent behavior.Under a low shear stress,the creep compliance of shale increases linearly with the logarithm of time at all bedding orientations,and the increase depends on the bedding orientation and creep time.Under high shear stress conditions,the creep compliance of shale is minimal when the bedding orientation is 0°,and the steady-creep rate of shale increases significantly with increasing bedding orientations of 30°,45°,60°,and 90°.The stress-strain values corresponding to the inception of the accelerated creep stage show an increasing and then decreasing trend with the bedding orientation.A semilogarithmic model that could reflect the stress dependence of the steady-creep rate while considering the hardening and damage process is proposed.The model minimizes the deviation of the calculated steady-state creep rate from the observed value and reveals the behavior of the bedding orientation's influence on the steady-creep rate.The applicability of the five classical empirical creep models is quantitatively evaluated.It shows that the logarithmic model can well explain the experimental creep strain and creep rate,and it can accurately predict long-term shear creep deformation.Based on an improved logarithmic model,the variations in creep parameters with shear stress and bedding orientations are discussed.With abovementioned findings,a mathematical method for constructing an anisotropic shear creep model of shale is proposed,which can characterize the nonlinear dependence of the anisotropic shear creep behavior of shale on the bedding orientation.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge for financial support of the project from Henan Institute for Chinese Development Strategy of Engineering&Technology(Grant No.2022HENZDA02)Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2602021YFH0010)China Scholarship Council(CSC File No.201808510186).
文摘Decisive steps in innovation and competitiveness are needed to meet global greenhouse gas emissions and climate goals.As an effective method for reducing carbon emissions,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))storage and utilization on the seabed enable the transport of captured CO_(2)via pipelines or ships to permanent storage sites,such as saline aquifers or depleted oil and gas reservoirs in subsea sediments,or by injecting CO_(2)for the replacement and displacement of subsea resources(oil,gas,gas hydrates,etc.).Subsea CO_(2)utilization and storage(SCUS)involves several research hotspots worldwide,including international and local laws and regulations,security,economics,environmental impact,and public acceptance.Its current research and engineering progress are also of great interest.In addition,the vigorous implementation of the energy transition and the rapid development of renewable energy sources globally have resulted in significant advancements in SCUS.This paper provides an overview of carbon dioxide storage and utilization mechanism in the seabed,analyzes key technical and economic issues,and summarizes existing research on safety risks,monitoring technologies,and investment and operating cost control to identify remaining knowledge gaps.This is followed by an overview of global engineering practice to update on current progress.Finally,combined with the actualities of China,the potential and trend of China's seabed carbon storage and utilization are summarized.This review demonstrates the enormous development prospects for seabed carbon storage and utilization,although some risks remain including leakage and contamination,with which innovation in monitoring technologies and the self-sealing effect of gas hydrate,safe subsea utilization and storage of CO_(2)can be achieved.Additionally,considering the development of renewable energy and the demand for large-scale energy storage,hydrogen,ammonia,or other energy carriers and carbon dioxide storage and utilization can be coupled into an industrial chain to form an economically competitive carbon geological storage mode.
