Branching structure(BS)is a very important phenomenon in the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs),the mechanism of which is widely studied from observation and from simulation.However,occurrence characteristic...Branching structure(BS)is a very important phenomenon in the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs),the mechanism of which is widely studied from observation and from simulation.However,occurrence characteristics of branching structure of equatorial plasma bubbles(BSEPBs)have not been well addressed.In this work,we used seven-years(2012-2018)of observations from two all-sky imagers to study occurrence of BSEPBs in detail.These data reveal a high incidence of BS in EPB cases;in particular,most EPBs occurring on days with geomagnetic disturbances exhibited BS.Periods when all EPBs exhibited BS increased significantly in the 2014 solar maximum.Occurrence times of BSEPBs varied with local time;most of the BSEPBs began to appear between 21:00 and 22:00 LT.During the solar maximum,some BSEPBs were observed after midnight.The data also reveal that BSEPBs are characterized primarily by two branches or three branches.Multi-branching appeared only in the solar maximum.EPB events with different coexisting branching structures increased from 2012 to 2014 and decreased from 2014 to 2018.These results strongly suggest that BSEPB occurrence is related to solar activity and geomagnetic activity,and thus provide a new perspective for future studies of EPBs as well as enriching our understanding of ionospheric irregularity.展开更多
Iron and zinc are two trace elements that are essential for rice. But they are toxic at higher concentrations, leading to severe rice yield losses especially in acid soils and inland valleys. In this study, two recipr...Iron and zinc are two trace elements that are essential for rice. But they are toxic at higher concentrations, leading to severe rice yield losses especially in acid soils and inland valleys. In this study, two reciprocal introgression line(IL) populations sharing the same parents were used with high-density SNP bin markers to identify QTL tolerant to iron and zinc toxicities. The results indicated that the japonica variety 02,428 had stronger tolerance to iron and zinc toxicities than the indica variety Minghui 63. Nine and ten QTL contributing to iron and zinc toxicity tolerances,respectively, were identified in the two IL populations. The favorable alleles of most QTL came from 02,428. Among them, q FRRDW2, q ZRRDW3, and q FRSDW11 appeared to be independent of genetic background. The region C11S49–C11S60 on chromosome 11 harbored QTL affecting multiple iron and zinc toxicity tolerance-related traits, indicating partial genetic overlap between the two toxicity tolerances. Our results provide essential information and materials for developing excellent rice cultivars with iron and/or zinc tolerance by marker-assisted selection(MAS).展开更多
Observational evidence is insufficient to understand how equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs)form over low latitudes.The mechanism of plasma-density enhancement(formation of"plasma blobs")at low latitudes is in d...Observational evidence is insufficient to understand how equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs)form over low latitudes.The mechanism of plasma-density enhancement(formation of"plasma blobs")at low latitudes is in dispute.In this paper,we use data from multiple ground-based instruments(one all-sky airglow imager,five digisondes,and one Fabry–Perot interferometer)to investigate the evolution of an EPB event that occurred at low latitudes over China on the night of 06 December 2015(06-Dec-2015).We provide observational evidence that an enhanced equatorward wind most likely induced by a substorm could have initiated the Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI)that destabilized several EPB depletions in an upwelling region of a large-scale wave-like structure(LSWS)in the bottomside ionosphere.Those EPB depletions were forced to surge poleward,from nearly 10°to 19°magnetic latitude,two hours before midnight.Smaller-scale bifurcations evolved rapidly from tips of airglow depletions by a secondary E×B instability when the aforementioned substorm-induced southwestward wind blew through.During the growth phase of the EPB depletions,a westward polarization electric field inside the LSWS is likely to have compressed plasma downward,inducing the two airglow-type blobs observed in the bottomside ionosphere,by a mechanism of LSWS-blob connection that we propose.We also provide observational evidence of brightness airglow depletions.We find that an enhanced poleward wind associated with a passing-by brightness wave(BW)is likely to have transported plasma to fill the airglow depletions,which finally evolved into brightness airglow structures.This study investigates the physical processes accompanied by the EPB event and those two-airglow blobs observed at low-latitudes over China.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were tr...Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the control group(n=53)and the observation group(n=54)and treated conventionally.On this basis,the control group was treated with radiotherapy,and the observation group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,cellular immune index,survival rate and rate of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the total effective rate of 79.25%in the control group,the observation group was 94.44%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of NK,CD3+,and CD4+in the two groups were higher than before the treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the adverse reaction rate of 18.87%in the control group,the observation group was 11.11%,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer has a significant effect,which not only can effectively improve the cellular immune index and the survival rate of patients,but also have high safety.展开更多
Among many aqueous batteries,flexible zinc-ion(Zn-ion)battery becomes the focus owing to the merits of low cost,non-toxicity,and safety.Here,a Zn dendrite-suppressible hydrogel electrolyte with both flexible and self-...Among many aqueous batteries,flexible zinc-ion(Zn-ion)battery becomes the focus owing to the merits of low cost,non-toxicity,and safety.Here,a Zn dendrite-suppressible hydrogel electrolyte with both flexible and self-healing properties is developed via photoinitiated polymerization.The cross-linked structure of the polyacrylamide-N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide(PAM-MBA)-Zn/Mn hydrogel endows an enlarged chemical stable window,high ionic conductivity,and low polarization potential.After cycling at the current density of 0.5 mA·cm^(−2)for 250 h,Zn‖Zn symmetrical cell based on PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn electrolyte delivers a low polarization of 40 mV.The suppressed dendrite growth is ascribed to the uniform Zn deposition/stripping on anode.The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique curves display that the Zn-ion battery constructed by the PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn hydrogel electrolyte,free-standing FeVO_(4)/carbon cloth cathode,and Zn nanosheets/carbon cloth anode presents low reaction resistance and fast diffusion coefficient,indicating good endurance of cycling at high current densities.The battery with PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn hydrogel electrolyte presents a good flexible and self-healing performance.After bending 0°,60°,90°,and 180°for 30 times,batteries deliver stable capacities.Even cutting into ten pieces,the battery could self-heal and display a potential retention of 93.7%compared to the fresh cell.A good rate-performance is also achieved.After cutting/healing three times during cycling,capacity recovers well compared to the first-time cutting/healing.Moreover,the battery exhibits good flexibility using in an electric watch,indicating a promising potential for wearable electronics.展开更多
The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is devoted to establishing a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network for China’s space weather research.CMP is a major national science and technology infrastructure project wit...The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is devoted to establishing a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network for China’s space weather research.CMP is a major national science and technology infrastructure project with the participation of more than 10 research institutions and universities led by the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.CMP is planned to be constructed in two phases:CMP phasesⅠandⅡ.The first phase(CMP-Ⅰ)started construction in2008 and completed in 2012,after which it entered the operation stage.The 10-year observation of CMP-Ⅰhas made significant scientific discoveries and achievements in the research fields of the middle and upper atmospheric fluctuations,metal layers in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere,ionospheric disturbances and irregularities,geomagnetic disturbances,and influences of solar activity.The review summarizes the main observations and research achievements,space weather forecast modeling and methods based on CMP-Ⅰover the past 10 years,and presents a future extension perspective along with the construction of CMP-Ⅱ.展开更多
In this paper,we present a high-order unified gas-kinetic scheme(UGKS)using the weighted essentially non-oscillatory with adaptive-order(WENO-AO)method for spatial reconstruction and the two-stage fourth-order scheme ...In this paper,we present a high-order unified gas-kinetic scheme(UGKS)using the weighted essentially non-oscillatory with adaptive-order(WENO-AO)method for spatial reconstruction and the two-stage fourth-order scheme for time evolution.Since the UGKS updates both the macroscopic flow variables and microscopic distribution function,and provides an adaptive flux function by combining the equilibrium and non-equilibrium parts,it is possible to take separate treatment of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium calculation in the UGKS for the development of highorder scheme.Considering the fact that high-order techniques are commonly applied in the continuum flow simulation with complex structures,and that the rarefied flow structure is usually smooth in the physical space,we apply the high-order techniques in the equilibrium part of the UGKS for the capturing of macroscopic flow evolution,and retain the calculation of distribution function as a second-order method,so that a balance of computational cost and numerical accuracy could be well achieved.The HUGKS has been validated by several numerical test cases,including sine-wave accuracy test,Sod-shock tube,Couette,oscillating Couette,lid-driven cavity and oscillating cavity flow.It is shown that the current method preserves the multiscale property of the original UGKS and obtains accurate solutions in the near continuum regimes.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of NSSCthe International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(183311KYSB20200003)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41831073 and 42004138)the Open Research Project of Large Research Infrastructures of CAS–“Study on the interaction between low/mid-latitude atmosphere and ionosphere based on the Chinese Meridian Project”。
文摘Branching structure(BS)is a very important phenomenon in the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs),the mechanism of which is widely studied from observation and from simulation.However,occurrence characteristics of branching structure of equatorial plasma bubbles(BSEPBs)have not been well addressed.In this work,we used seven-years(2012-2018)of observations from two all-sky imagers to study occurrence of BSEPBs in detail.These data reveal a high incidence of BS in EPB cases;in particular,most EPBs occurring on days with geomagnetic disturbances exhibited BS.Periods when all EPBs exhibited BS increased significantly in the 2014 solar maximum.Occurrence times of BSEPBs varied with local time;most of the BSEPBs began to appear between 21:00 and 22:00 LT.During the solar maximum,some BSEPBs were observed after midnight.The data also reveal that BSEPBs are characterized primarily by two branches or three branches.Multi-branching appeared only in the solar maximum.EPB events with different coexisting branching structures increased from 2012 to 2014 and decreased from 2014 to 2018.These results strongly suggest that BSEPB occurrence is related to solar activity and geomagnetic activity,and thus provide a new perspective for future studies of EPBs as well as enriching our understanding of ionospheric irregularity.
基金funded by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2014AA10A601)Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry (No.LXT-16-01) to JLX+2 种基金the Shenzhen Peacock Plan (No.20130415095710361) to ZKLthe CAAS Innovative Team Award to JLX's teamKey Discipline of Crop Science of Yangtze University to HL
文摘Iron and zinc are two trace elements that are essential for rice. But they are toxic at higher concentrations, leading to severe rice yield losses especially in acid soils and inland valleys. In this study, two reciprocal introgression line(IL) populations sharing the same parents were used with high-density SNP bin markers to identify QTL tolerant to iron and zinc toxicities. The results indicated that the japonica variety 02,428 had stronger tolerance to iron and zinc toxicities than the indica variety Minghui 63. Nine and ten QTL contributing to iron and zinc toxicity tolerances,respectively, were identified in the two IL populations. The favorable alleles of most QTL came from 02,428. Among them, q FRRDW2, q ZRRDW3, and q FRSDW11 appeared to be independent of genetic background. The region C11S49–C11S60 on chromosome 11 harbored QTL affecting multiple iron and zinc toxicity tolerance-related traits, indicating partial genetic overlap between the two toxicity tolerances. Our results provide essential information and materials for developing excellent rice cultivars with iron and/or zinc tolerance by marker-assisted selection(MAS).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41831073 and No.41804146)the Open Research Project of Large Research Infrastructures of Chinese Acadamy of Sciences—"Study on the interaction between low/midlatitude atmosphere and ionosphere based on the Chinese Meridian Project”+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2020156)the Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field,CAS(Grant No.YSBR-018)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.183311KYSB20200003)。
文摘Observational evidence is insufficient to understand how equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs)form over low latitudes.The mechanism of plasma-density enhancement(formation of"plasma blobs")at low latitudes is in dispute.In this paper,we use data from multiple ground-based instruments(one all-sky airglow imager,five digisondes,and one Fabry–Perot interferometer)to investigate the evolution of an EPB event that occurred at low latitudes over China on the night of 06 December 2015(06-Dec-2015).We provide observational evidence that an enhanced equatorward wind most likely induced by a substorm could have initiated the Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI)that destabilized several EPB depletions in an upwelling region of a large-scale wave-like structure(LSWS)in the bottomside ionosphere.Those EPB depletions were forced to surge poleward,from nearly 10°to 19°magnetic latitude,two hours before midnight.Smaller-scale bifurcations evolved rapidly from tips of airglow depletions by a secondary E×B instability when the aforementioned substorm-induced southwestward wind blew through.During the growth phase of the EPB depletions,a westward polarization electric field inside the LSWS is likely to have compressed plasma downward,inducing the two airglow-type blobs observed in the bottomside ionosphere,by a mechanism of LSWS-blob connection that we propose.We also provide observational evidence of brightness airglow depletions.We find that an enhanced poleward wind associated with a passing-by brightness wave(BW)is likely to have transported plasma to fill the airglow depletions,which finally evolved into brightness airglow structures.This study investigates the physical processes accompanied by the EPB event and those two-airglow blobs observed at low-latitudes over China.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the control group(n=53)and the observation group(n=54)and treated conventionally.On this basis,the control group was treated with radiotherapy,and the observation group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,cellular immune index,survival rate and rate of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the total effective rate of 79.25%in the control group,the observation group was 94.44%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of NK,CD3+,and CD4+in the two groups were higher than before the treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the adverse reaction rate of 18.87%in the control group,the observation group was 11.11%,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer has a significant effect,which not only can effectively improve the cellular immune index and the survival rate of patients,but also have high safety.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0402904)Key Research and Development Program of Wuhu(No.2022YF53)+1 种基金Natural Science Research Project for Universities in Anhui Province(No.2022AH050176)Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering for Cooperative Practice Education Base(No.2022xqhz020).
文摘Among many aqueous batteries,flexible zinc-ion(Zn-ion)battery becomes the focus owing to the merits of low cost,non-toxicity,and safety.Here,a Zn dendrite-suppressible hydrogel electrolyte with both flexible and self-healing properties is developed via photoinitiated polymerization.The cross-linked structure of the polyacrylamide-N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide(PAM-MBA)-Zn/Mn hydrogel endows an enlarged chemical stable window,high ionic conductivity,and low polarization potential.After cycling at the current density of 0.5 mA·cm^(−2)for 250 h,Zn‖Zn symmetrical cell based on PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn electrolyte delivers a low polarization of 40 mV.The suppressed dendrite growth is ascribed to the uniform Zn deposition/stripping on anode.The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique curves display that the Zn-ion battery constructed by the PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn hydrogel electrolyte,free-standing FeVO_(4)/carbon cloth cathode,and Zn nanosheets/carbon cloth anode presents low reaction resistance and fast diffusion coefficient,indicating good endurance of cycling at high current densities.The battery with PAM-MBA-Zn/Mn hydrogel electrolyte presents a good flexible and self-healing performance.After bending 0°,60°,90°,and 180°for 30 times,batteries deliver stable capacities.Even cutting into ten pieces,the battery could self-heal and display a potential retention of 93.7%compared to the fresh cell.A good rate-performance is also achieved.After cutting/healing three times during cycling,capacity recovers well compared to the first-time cutting/healing.Moreover,the battery exhibits good flexibility using in an electric watch,indicating a promising potential for wearable electronics.
文摘The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is devoted to establishing a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network for China’s space weather research.CMP is a major national science and technology infrastructure project with the participation of more than 10 research institutions and universities led by the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.CMP is planned to be constructed in two phases:CMP phasesⅠandⅡ.The first phase(CMP-Ⅰ)started construction in2008 and completed in 2012,after which it entered the operation stage.The 10-year observation of CMP-Ⅰhas made significant scientific discoveries and achievements in the research fields of the middle and upper atmospheric fluctuations,metal layers in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere,ionospheric disturbances and irregularities,geomagnetic disturbances,and influences of solar activity.The review summarizes the main observations and research achievements,space weather forecast modeling and methods based on CMP-Ⅰover the past 10 years,and presents a future extension perspective along with the construction of CMP-Ⅱ.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China(12172316)China Hong Kong Research Grant Council(16208021)Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2020B1212030001).
文摘In this paper,we present a high-order unified gas-kinetic scheme(UGKS)using the weighted essentially non-oscillatory with adaptive-order(WENO-AO)method for spatial reconstruction and the two-stage fourth-order scheme for time evolution.Since the UGKS updates both the macroscopic flow variables and microscopic distribution function,and provides an adaptive flux function by combining the equilibrium and non-equilibrium parts,it is possible to take separate treatment of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium calculation in the UGKS for the development of highorder scheme.Considering the fact that high-order techniques are commonly applied in the continuum flow simulation with complex structures,and that the rarefied flow structure is usually smooth in the physical space,we apply the high-order techniques in the equilibrium part of the UGKS for the capturing of macroscopic flow evolution,and retain the calculation of distribution function as a second-order method,so that a balance of computational cost and numerical accuracy could be well achieved.The HUGKS has been validated by several numerical test cases,including sine-wave accuracy test,Sod-shock tube,Couette,oscillating Couette,lid-driven cavity and oscillating cavity flow.It is shown that the current method preserves the multiscale property of the original UGKS and obtains accurate solutions in the near continuum regimes.
