Objective To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospe...Objective To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks' gestation(WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity. Results Age, pre-pregnant body weight(BW), and body mass index(BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass(FM), fat mass percentage(FMP), extracellular water(ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass(FFM), muscular mass(MM), and intracellular water(ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM. Conclusion Maternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity.展开更多
Objective To investigate activation of brown adipose tissue(BAT) stimulated by medium-chain triglyceride(MCT). Methods 30 Male C57BL/6J obese mice induced by fed high fat diet(HFD) were divided into 2 groups, and fed ...Objective To investigate activation of brown adipose tissue(BAT) stimulated by medium-chain triglyceride(MCT). Methods 30 Male C57BL/6J obese mice induced by fed high fat diet(HFD) were divided into 2 groups, and fed another HFD with 2% MCT or long-chain triglyceride(LCT) respectively for 12 weeks. Body weight, blood biochemical variables, interscapular brown fat tissue(IBAT) mass, expressions of m RNA and protein of beta 3-adrenergic receptors(β3-AR), uncoupling protein-1(UCP1), hormone sensitive lipase(HSL), protein kinase A(PKA), and adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL) in IBAT were measured. Results Significant decrease in body weight and body fat mass was observed in MCT group as compared with LCT group(P<0.05) after 12 weeks. Greater increases in IBAT mass was observed in MCT group than in LCT group(P<0.05). Blood TG, TC, LDL-C in MCT group were decreased significantly, meanwhile blood HDL-C, ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C and norepinephrine were increased markedly. Expressions of m RNA and protein of β3-AR, UCP1, PKA, HSL, ATGL in BAT were greater in MCT group than in LCT group(P<0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that MCT stimulated the activation of BAT, possible via norepinephrine pathway, which might partially contribute to reduction of the body fat mass in obese mice fed high fat diet.展开更多
Objective To assess nutritional status and define gender-and age-specific handgrip strength(HGS) cut-point values for malnutrition or nutritional risk in elderly inpatients. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,343 el...Objective To assess nutritional status and define gender-and age-specific handgrip strength(HGS) cut-point values for malnutrition or nutritional risk in elderly inpatients. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,343 elderly inpatients was conducted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Nutrition Risk Screening(NRS 2002) and Subjective Global Assessment(SGA) were administered. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemical indicators were obtained using standard techniques. The gender-and age-specific receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the HGS for nutritional status by SGA and NRS 2002. Sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the curves(AUCs) were calculated. Results According to NRS 2002 and SGA, 63.81% of elderly inpatients were at nutritional risk and 28.22% were malnourished. Patients with higher HGS had an independently decreased risk of malnutrition and nutritional risk. The AUCs varied between 0.670 and 0.761. According to NRS 2002, the optimal HGS cut-points were 27.5 kg(65-74 years) and 21.0 kg(75-90 years) for men and 17.0 kg(65-74 years) and 14.6 kg(75-90 years) for women. According to SGA, the optimal HGS cut-points were 24.9 kg(65-74 years) and 20.8 kg(75-90 years) for men and 15.2 kg(65-74 years) and 13.5 kg(75-90 years) for women. Conclusion Elderly inpatients had increased incidence of malnutrition or nutritional risk. HGS cut-points can be used for assessing nutritional status in elderly inpatients at hospital admission in China.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of caprylic acid(C8:0)on lipid metabolism and inflammation,and examine the mechanisms underlying these effects in mice and cells.Methods Fifty-six 6-week-old male ...Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of caprylic acid(C8:0)on lipid metabolism and inflammation,and examine the mechanisms underlying these effects in mice and cells.Methods Fifty-six 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to four groups fed a highfat diet(HFD)without or with 2%C8:0,palmitic acid(C16:0)or eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA).RAW246.7 cells were randomly divided into five groups:normal,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),LPS+C8:0,LPS+EPA and LPS+cAMP.The serum lipid profiles,inflammatory biomolecules,and ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 mRNA and protein expression were measured.Results C8:0 decreased TC and LDL-C,and increased the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio after injection of LPS.Without LPS,it decreased TC in mice(P<0.05).Moreover,C8:0 decreased the inflammatory response after LPS treatment in both mice and cells(P<0.05).Mechanistic investigations in C57BL/6J mouse aortas after injection of LPS indicated that C8:0 resulted in higher ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 expression than that with HFD,C16:0 and EPA,and resulted in lower TNF-α,NF-κB mRNA expression than that with HFD(P<0.05).In RAW 264.7 cells,C8:0 resulted in lower expression of pNF-κBP65 than that in the LPS group,and higher protein expression of ABCA1,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 than that in the LPS and LPS+cAMP groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Our studies demonstrated that C8:0 may play an important role in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response,and the mechanism may be associated with ABCA1 and the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 signaling pathway.展开更多
基金supported by the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(2013DFA30910)the Danone Dietary Nutrition Research and Education Foundation(DIC 2012-05)a Clinical Nutrition Research Grant of the Chinese Nutrition Society
文摘Objective To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks' gestation(WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity. Results Age, pre-pregnant body weight(BW), and body mass index(BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass(FM), fat mass percentage(FMP), extracellular water(ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass(FFM), muscular mass(MM), and intracellular water(ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM. Conclusion Maternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81172667 and No.81202203)
文摘Objective To investigate activation of brown adipose tissue(BAT) stimulated by medium-chain triglyceride(MCT). Methods 30 Male C57BL/6J obese mice induced by fed high fat diet(HFD) were divided into 2 groups, and fed another HFD with 2% MCT or long-chain triglyceride(LCT) respectively for 12 weeks. Body weight, blood biochemical variables, interscapular brown fat tissue(IBAT) mass, expressions of m RNA and protein of beta 3-adrenergic receptors(β3-AR), uncoupling protein-1(UCP1), hormone sensitive lipase(HSL), protein kinase A(PKA), and adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL) in IBAT were measured. Results Significant decrease in body weight and body fat mass was observed in MCT group as compared with LCT group(P<0.05) after 12 weeks. Greater increases in IBAT mass was observed in MCT group than in LCT group(P<0.05). Blood TG, TC, LDL-C in MCT group were decreased significantly, meanwhile blood HDL-C, ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C and norepinephrine were increased markedly. Expressions of m RNA and protein of β3-AR, UCP1, PKA, HSL, ATGL in BAT were greater in MCT group than in LCT group(P<0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that MCT stimulated the activation of BAT, possible via norepinephrine pathway, which might partially contribute to reduction of the body fat mass in obese mice fed high fat diet.
文摘Objective To assess nutritional status and define gender-and age-specific handgrip strength(HGS) cut-point values for malnutrition or nutritional risk in elderly inpatients. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,343 elderly inpatients was conducted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Nutrition Risk Screening(NRS 2002) and Subjective Global Assessment(SGA) were administered. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemical indicators were obtained using standard techniques. The gender-and age-specific receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the HGS for nutritional status by SGA and NRS 2002. Sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the curves(AUCs) were calculated. Results According to NRS 2002 and SGA, 63.81% of elderly inpatients were at nutritional risk and 28.22% were malnourished. Patients with higher HGS had an independently decreased risk of malnutrition and nutritional risk. The AUCs varied between 0.670 and 0.761. According to NRS 2002, the optimal HGS cut-points were 27.5 kg(65-74 years) and 21.0 kg(75-90 years) for men and 17.0 kg(65-74 years) and 14.6 kg(75-90 years) for women. According to SGA, the optimal HGS cut-points were 24.9 kg(65-74 years) and 20.8 kg(75-90 years) for men and 15.2 kg(65-74 years) and 13.5 kg(75-90 years) for women. Conclusion Elderly inpatients had increased incidence of malnutrition or nutritional risk. HGS cut-points can be used for assessing nutritional status in elderly inpatients at hospital admission in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China[no.81703204].
文摘Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of caprylic acid(C8:0)on lipid metabolism and inflammation,and examine the mechanisms underlying these effects in mice and cells.Methods Fifty-six 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to four groups fed a highfat diet(HFD)without or with 2%C8:0,palmitic acid(C16:0)or eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA).RAW246.7 cells were randomly divided into five groups:normal,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),LPS+C8:0,LPS+EPA and LPS+cAMP.The serum lipid profiles,inflammatory biomolecules,and ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 mRNA and protein expression were measured.Results C8:0 decreased TC and LDL-C,and increased the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio after injection of LPS.Without LPS,it decreased TC in mice(P<0.05).Moreover,C8:0 decreased the inflammatory response after LPS treatment in both mice and cells(P<0.05).Mechanistic investigations in C57BL/6J mouse aortas after injection of LPS indicated that C8:0 resulted in higher ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 expression than that with HFD,C16:0 and EPA,and resulted in lower TNF-α,NF-κB mRNA expression than that with HFD(P<0.05).In RAW 264.7 cells,C8:0 resulted in lower expression of pNF-κBP65 than that in the LPS group,and higher protein expression of ABCA1,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 than that in the LPS and LPS+cAMP groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Our studies demonstrated that C8:0 may play an important role in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response,and the mechanism may be associated with ABCA1 and the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 signaling pathway.
