Introducing Neutral Polymeric bonding agents(NPBA) into the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether(NEPE)propellant could improve the adhesion between filler/matrix interface, thereby contributing to the development of ne...Introducing Neutral Polymeric bonding agents(NPBA) into the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether(NEPE)propellant could improve the adhesion between filler/matrix interface, thereby contributing to the development of new generations of the NEPE propellant with better mechanical properties. Therefore,understanding the effects of NPBA on the deformation and damage evolution of the NEPE propellant is fundamental to material design and applications. This paper studies the uniaxial tensile and stress relaxation responses of the NEPE propellant with different amounts of NPBA. The damage evolution in terms of interface debonding is further investigated using a cohesive-zone model(CZM). Experimental results show that the initial modulus and strength of the NEPE propellant increase with the increasing amount of NPBA while the elongation decreases. Meanwhile, the relaxation rate slows down and a higher long-term equilibrium modulus is reached. Experimental and numerical analyses indicate that interface debonding and crack propagation along filler-matrix interface are the dominant damage mechanism for the samples with a low amount of NPBA, while damage localization and crack advancement through the matrix are predominant for the ones with a high amount of NPBA. Finally, crosslinking density tests and simulation results also show that the effect of the bonding agent is interfacial rather than due to the overall crosslinking density change of the binder.展开更多
Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall phy...Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics method.Results indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and concentrations.The atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and jet.As introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final reactions.Adding chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock impacting.Under the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone inclusions.The lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense shockwave.The quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline explosive.RD_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfect crystal after dynamics relaxation and reveals the global density characteristic in shocked systems filled with chemical inclusions.When RD_(sys)is below 0.9,local hydrodynamic jet initiated by void collapse dominates upon energy localization instead of interfacial impact.This study sheds light on novel insights for understanding the shock chemistry and physical-based atomic origin in crystalline explosives considering chemical-inclusions effects.展开更多
Investigating the ignition response of nitrate ester plasticized polyether(NEPE) propellant under dynamic extrusion loading is of great significant at least for two cases. Firstly, it helps to understand the mechanism...Investigating the ignition response of nitrate ester plasticized polyether(NEPE) propellant under dynamic extrusion loading is of great significant at least for two cases. Firstly, it helps to understand the mechanism and conditions of unwanted ignition inside charged propellant under accident stimulus.Secondly, evaluates the risk of a shell crevice in a solid rocket motor(SRM) under a falling or overturning scene. In the present study, an innovative visual crevice extrusion experiment is designed using a dropweight apparatus. The dynamic responses of NEPE propellant during extrusion loading, including compaction and compression, rapid shear flow into the crevice, stress concentration, and ignition reaction, have been firstly observed using a high-performance high-speed camera. The ignition reaction is observed in the triangular region of the NEPE propellant sample above the crevice when the drop weight velocity was 1.90 m/s. Based on the user material subroutine interface UMAT provided by finite element software LS-DYNA, a viscoelastic-plastic model and dual ignition criterion related to plastic shear dissipation are developed and applied to the local ignition response analysis under crevice extrusion conditions. The stress concentration occurs in the crevice location of the propellant sample, the shear stress is relatively large, the effective plastic work is relatively large, and the ignition reaction is easy to occur. When the sample thickness decreases from 5 mm to 2.5 mm, the shear stress increases from 22.3 MPa to 28.6 MPa, the critical value of effective plastic work required for ignition is shortened from 1280 μs to 730 μs, and the triangular area is easily triggering an ignition reaction. The propellant sample with a small thickness is more likely to stress concentration, resulting in large shear stress and effective work, triggering an ignition reaction.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of angiotensin II receptor blockers-Irbesartan on occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in rats with myocardial ischemia. Methods: Rats with embryonic cardiomyocytes-H9c2...Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of angiotensin II receptor blockers-Irbesartan on occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in rats with myocardial ischemia. Methods: Rats with embryonic cardiomyocytes-H9c2 were randomly divided into control group. ischemia group. Irbesartan group and Irbesartan+ischemia group. The cell viability of rats in each group was tested using MTT. Real-time PCR was employed to detect the expression of connexin43 (Cx43) mRNA and western blot to detect the expression of Cx43 and phosphorylated Cx43. SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation group (SO). myocardial infarction group (MI). Irbesartan group and MI+ Irbesartan group, with 10 rats in each group. HE staining was employed to observe the change in the pathomorpholouy of left ventricular tissue and TUNEL method to analyze the cell apoptosis in the tissue. The immunofluorescence was adopted to observe the expression and distribution of Cx43 in the left ventricular myocardium and study the change in the expression of Cx43 in the cardiac muscular tissue at mRNA and protein level. Results: The intervention of lrbesartan in the condition of ischemia indicated the significant decrease in the number of necrotic cells. The expression of Cx43 was significantly decreased under the culture of ischemia (P<0.05), but in the presence of Irbesartan, the expression of Cx43 was increased compared with the ischemia group (p<0.01). The results of WB assay showed the similar trend of change at mRNA level. There was the significant difference in the score of ventricular arerythmia between MI group and SO group (P<0.01). The incidence of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation was significantly increased compared with the one in SO group (P<0.05). There was the significant difference in the overall score between MI+Irbesartan group and MI group (P<0.05). The expression of Cx43 in the cardiac muscular tissue in MI group was significantly decreased (P<0.01(US) SO group). But the expression of Cx43 was increased after the treatment with Irbesartan. Conclusions: Irbesartan can inhibit the injury of H9c2 cardiomyocytes and the decreased expression of Cx43 that are induced by the ischemic myocardial infarction. Irbesartan can also improve the reconstruction of Cx43 in rats with ischemic myocardium to inhibit the myocardial infarction-induced arrhythmias.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia. DATA RETRIEVAL： We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library （2004 to July 2011...OBJECTIVE： To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia. DATA RETRIEVAL： We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library （2004 to July 2011）, PubMed （1966 to July 2011）, the Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database （1977 to July 2011）, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （1979 to July 2011）, Google Scholar （July 2011）, and the Chinese Biomedical Database （1977 to July 2011） using the key words ＂Chinese medicine OR Chinese herbal medicine＂ and ＂vascular dementia OR mild cognition impair OR multi-infarct dementia OR small-vessel dementia OR strategic infarct dementia OR hypoperfusion dementia OR hemorrhagic dementia OR hereditary vascular dementia＂. SELECTION CRITERIA： Randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo/western medicine in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia were included. Diagnostic standards included Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherche et I＇Enseignement en Neurosciences. Two participants independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction. The quality of each trial was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewers＇ Handbook 5.0. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effective rate, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores, and incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS： We identified 1 143 articles discussing the effects of Chinese medicine on vascular dementia. Thirty-one of these were included in the analysis. These studies involved a total of 2 868 participants （1 605 patients took Chinese medicine decoctions （treatment group）; 1 263 patients took western medicine or placebo）. The results of our meta-analysis revealed that Chinese herbal remedies in the treatment group were more efficacious than the control intervention （relative risk （RR） = 1.27; 95% confidence interval （C/）： 1.18-1.38, P 〈 0.01）. Mini-Mental State Examination scores were higher in patients taking Chinese herbal medicines than in those in the control group （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 2.83; 95%CI： 2.55-3.12, P 〈 0.01）. Patients in the treatment group showed better disease amelioration than those in the control group （Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores; WMD = 2.41, 95%CI： 1.48-3.34, P 〈 0.01）. There were also considerably fewer adverse reactions among those in the treatment group compared with those in the control group （RR = 0.20, 95%CI： 0.08-0.47, P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Chinese herbal medicine appears to be safer and more effective than control measures in the treatment of vascular dementia. However, the included trials were generally low in quality. More well-designed, high-quality trials are needed to provide better evidence for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicines for vascular dementia.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of Yishendaluo decoction on the loss of blood-brain barrier integrity in mice exhibiting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.To this end,we used real-time fluorescent quantita...This study investigated the effects of Yishendaluo decoction on the loss of blood-brain barrier integrity in mice exhibiting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.To this end,we used real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to measure the levels of mRNAs specific to the T cell markers CD4 and CD8,and the monocyte marker CD11b.In addition,we used Evans blue dye extravasation in the spinal cord and brain tissues to assess blood-brain barrier permeability.The results indicated that an increase in blood-brain barrier permeability was associated with an increase in CD4,CD8 and CD11b mRNA expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.Yishendaluo decoction administration significantly reversed inflammatory cell accumulation in cerebral tissues of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.展开更多
Resistivity will have different response characteristics to the hydraulic fracture propagation process. In this work, a resistivity testing system for hydraulic fracturing specimens was established. Resistivity and ac...Resistivity will have different response characteristics to the hydraulic fracture propagation process. In this work, a resistivity testing system for hydraulic fracturing specimens was established. Resistivity and acoustic emission(AE) information were jointly analysed to determine the dynamic response characteristics of resistivity during hydraulic fracture propagation. The results show that the water and fracture exert a competitive influence on the connection structure of the circuit, and there are two significant peak resistivity points in the curve, presenting a double peak therein. The peak resistivity data of the specimen with a larger fracture area are much different from the initial value. With the increase of the rate of injection, the range of variation of the highest value that can be reached with the specimen resistivity decreases. High resistivity rates or high resistivity fluctuations exhibit rapid a release of fracture energy. The fracture failure mode dominated by shear fractures makes the formation produce a “series+parallel” electrical connection structure;a calculation model of formation resistivity based on shear and tensile failure was proposed to characterize the proportion of different types of hydraulic fractures and elucidate the control effect of matrix resistivity on the electrical performance of the overall circuit structure.展开更多
Many epidemics or viruses in real life spread by taking advantage of other dynamic processes, e.g., the computer virus propagates with the transmission of packets. In this paper, we survey the recent progress in the s...Many epidemics or viruses in real life spread by taking advantage of other dynamic processes, e.g., the computer virus propagates with the transmission of packets. In this paper, we survey the recent progress in the study of Traffic-Driven Epidemic Spreading (TDES) on complex networks. First, we introduce several typical TDES models. Then, we analyze the key factors which have significant impact on the epidemic threshold, such as the traffic congestion and routing protocols. Furthermore, we discuss the control of the TDES by focusing on the network structure optimization and the immunization strategies. Finally, we put some issues that need to be further explored in the future.展开更多
Herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)is an important ornamental plant worldwide.In its natural state,P.lactiflora often manifests traits like rapidly elongating internodal growth,loose plant types,and soft inflor...Herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)is an important ornamental plant worldwide.In its natural state,P.lactiflora often manifests traits like rapidly elongating internodal growth,loose plant types,and soft inflorescence stems.However,very little has been known about the measures for controlling these traits.This study investigated the effect of applying paclobutrazol(PBZ)on the plant growth and flower quality in P.lactiflora.The results indicated that PBZ application reduced the plant height(8.05%),plant crown width(14.72%),and leaf area(10.90%),but increased the leaf thickness(18.18%)and stem diameter(over 11%)in P.lactiflora.Meanwhile,PBZ application was also found to increase the chlorophyll(Chl)a(29.63%),Chl b(33.33%),Chl a+b(30.56%),SPAD(27.32%),relative water content(0.47%),soluble sugar(5.09%)and activities of three antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase 169.66%,peroxidase 3.59%,catalase 319.30%),but decreased the relative electrical conductivity(18.52%).Additionally,the application of PBZ was found to affect the flowering quality of P.lactiflora,increasing the flower diameter and fresh weight only in the flower-bud stage.This initiates the bloom stage,where there was a decrease in the total content of the aromatic compounds except for the flower-bud stage,and faded the flower color by reducing the content of anthocyanin.These results demonstrated that the application of PBZ can regulate the P.lactiflora plant types with no significant decrease in its ornamental values.This might provide a theoretical basis for further applying PBZ in P.lactiflora for use in urban landscape spaces.展开更多
This paper introduces the recent progress in methodologies and their related applications based on the soft x-ray interference lithography beamline in the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility.Dual-beam,multibeam in...This paper introduces the recent progress in methodologies and their related applications based on the soft x-ray interference lithography beamline in the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility.Dual-beam,multibeam interference lithography and Talbot lithography have been adopted as basic methods in the beamline.To improve the experimental performance,a precise real-time vibration evaluation system has been established;and the lithography stability has been greatly improved.In order to meet the demands for higher resolution and practical application,novel experimental methods have been developed,such as high-order diffraction interference exposure,high-aspect-ratio and large-area stitching exposure,and parallel direct writing achromatic Talbot lithography.As of now,a 25 nm half-pitch pattern has been obtained;and a cm2 exposure area has been achieved in practical samples.The above methods have been applied to extreme ultraviolet photoresist evaluation,photonic crystal and surface plasmonic effect research,and so on.展开更多
Fragmental size and distribution of explosive particles play a more important role in the formation of hot-spot than original particles size under drop weight impact.Because the particles breakage and the hot-spots ig...Fragmental size and distribution of explosive particles play a more important role in the formation of hot-spot than original particles size under drop weight impact.Because the particles breakage and the hot-spots ignition will form in a sequence between fragments and between the fragments and the drop weight surface under the impact.In this paper,the size and distribution of the cyclotetramethylenete tranitramine(HMX)fragments were analyzed by the Laser Particle Size Analyzer Malvern MS2000.The post-analysis results of fragments showed that size distribution of fragments was strongly dependent on drop height.An empirical formula is established to describe the relationship between the average size and drop height.The volume-based probability distribution of explosive fragments was also studied by experiments and theoretical calculations.展开更多
The genus Rhabdophis is a group of widely distributed snakes with more than 20 species.Recent field surveys uncovered a species in southwestern China,which has long been considered as R.pentasupralabialis.Combined mol...The genus Rhabdophis is a group of widely distributed snakes with more than 20 species.Recent field surveys uncovered a species in southwestern China,which has long been considered as R.pentasupralabialis.Combined molecular and morphological analyses revealed it as a new species Rhabdophis chiwen sp.nov.Based on 12 specimens,this new species is distinguished by the following characters:1)dorsal body saddlebrown,dorsal scales typically with black margins forming spots and stripes,the margin of the outer row forming two faint dorsolateral black cross-bars alongside body;2)ventral scales 151–159,the outer margin of ventral scales and several lateral rows of dorsal scales forming ventrolateral longitudinal brownish-red coloration,with faint black spots in the middle of ventral scales;3)a black oblique stripe present below eyes,often with a black spot between the 2 nd and 3 rd supralabial and a black stripe on the 5 th supralabial;4)eyes dark khaki,pupils black;5)infralabials usually 7,the first four in contact with anterior chin-shields;6)temporal scales 1+1;7)dorsal scales in 15 rows,feebly keeled except the outer 1–2 rows;8)anal scale divided;subcaudals 45–59;9)preocular 1 and postoculars 3(occasionally 2);10)body medium-sized(snout-vent length:adult males 404–431 mm,adult females 409–476 mm);11)tail moderate(tail length/total length in adult males 0.205–0.238,in adult females0.172–0.193).With the discovery of this new species,the total number of species in genus Rhabdophis is 28 with 12 th species known to occur in China.展开更多
[ Objective] The paper was to screen the antagonistic Bacillus spp. strains against Phytophthora infestans （Mont.） de Bary and analyze its lipepeptide substances. [ Methods] Using flat isolation and culture method, ...[ Objective] The paper was to screen the antagonistic Bacillus spp. strains against Phytophthora infestans （Mont.） de Bary and analyze its lipepeptide substances. [ Methods] Using flat isolation and culture method, the bacteria that could produce Bacillus spp. were isolated from rhizosphere soil, and carried out primary and secondary screening by confrontation culture. The lipopeptide substances of Y-3 strain with better antifungal effect were carried out I-IPLC analysis. [Result] Nine strains of bacteria had certain antagonistic effects against P. infestans in primary screening, Y-1 and Y-3 strains had significant inhibition effect against the growth of P. infestans in secondary screening, with inhibition rate higher than 80% ; the crude extract of lipepeptide produced by Y-3 strain had better antagonistic effect against P. infestans, with inhibition rate higher than 90%. HPLC analysis showed that the crude extract of lipepeptide mainly contained 8 components. [ Conclusion] The lipopeptide substances produced by Y-3 strain had significant inhibition effect, which had potential application value for biological control of potato late blight.展开更多
The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)are directly related to its flower pattern.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the type formation of P.lactiflora flowers have ...The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)are directly related to its flower pattern.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the type formation of P.lactiflora flowers have not been studied in great detail.Previous studies identified,using integrated multipleomics analysis,revealed that APETALA2(AP2)is an important candidate gene that modulates type formation of P.lactiflora flowers.To further reveal the expression mechanism of AP2 in P.lactiflora petals,we examined the profile of AP2 expression in the inner and outer petals of‘ZiFengyu’at various developmental stages using qRT-PCR and BSP+Miseq methylation analysis.Based on our data,the AP2 levels in the outer petals were obviously increased,relative to the inner petals.In addition,the S3 levels at the bloom stage were significantly higher than at the flower-bud stage S1,thereby promoting bloom stage S2,while declining stage S4.Using chromosome walking,the 2000 bp of the 5′-end upstream promoter region was achieved.This region harbored a CpG island(−665∼−872 bp),with multiple essential transcription factor binding sites(TFBS)such as NF-kappa B,GATA-1,Sp1,and C/EBP.Methylation sequencing revealed 7 methylated CpG sites in the CpG island region of the AP2 promoter,thereinto,the methylation ratio of the CpG-3 site in the inner petals was significantly higher than in the outer petals.Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between the level of methylation(CpG-3,CpG-6),and AP2 mRNA expression.CpG-3 was located on the Sp1 transcription factor binding site.Thus,we speculated that the CpG-3 methylation may inhibit transcription factor Sp1 binding to the gene promoter,thereby regulating AP2 expression.Herein,we examined the role of AP2 in the determination of flower patterns in P.lactiflora.Our conclusion will provide theoretical guidance for the molecular breeding of the flower pattern in P.lactiflora.展开更多
The objective of this study was to provide the characteristics of hepatic computed tomography images and optimize their transition delay with a bolus-tracking technique for triple-phase hepatic computed tomography in ...The objective of this study was to provide the characteristics of hepatic computed tomography images and optimize their transition delay with a bolus-tracking technique for triple-phase hepatic computed tomography in cats.Dynamic triple-phase computed tomography was performed in nine healthy cats.The upper third of the liver was dynamically scanned every 0.5 s for 40 s.The time density curves of the aorta and hepatic parenchyma mean enhancement were analyzed.Triple-phase hepatic computed tomography was performed three times with a bolus trigger of 200 Hounsfield units of aortic enhancement.The transition delays of the arterial,portal,and hepatic parenchymal phases were respectively 0,5 and 60 s in the first scan;2,7 and 62 s in the second scan;and 4,9 and 64 s in the third scan.All computed tomography images were evaluated by a certificated radiologist.The arterial vessels and their main branches were well enhanced at a 2 s transition delay.The contrast of the portal vein to the liver parenchyma was most obvious at a 7 s transition delay.The mean enhancement of the hepatic parenchyma peaked at a 62 s transition delay,whereas the degree of enhancement of the hepatic vasculature decreased.In this study,the recommended transition delays for the arterial,portal,and hepatic parenchymal phases were 2 s,7 s and 62 s,respectively,after triggering at 200 Hounsfield units of aortic enhancement.This information may be helpful in diagnosing feline liver diseases and provides a key reference for the clinical implementation of CT.展开更多
The growth of data and Internet of Things challenges traditional hardware,which encounters efficiency and power issues owing to separate functional units for sensors,memory,and computation.In this study,we designed an...The growth of data and Internet of Things challenges traditional hardware,which encounters efficiency and power issues owing to separate functional units for sensors,memory,and computation.In this study,we designed an a-phase indium selenide(a-In_(2)Se_(3))transistor,which is a two-dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor as the channel material,to create artificial optic-neural and electro-neural synapses,enabling cutting-edge processing-in-sensor(PIS)and computing-in-memory(CIM)functionalities.As an optic-neural synapse for low-level sensory processing,the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor exhibits a high photoresponsivity(2855 A/W)and detectivity(2.91×10^(14)Jones),facilitating efficient feature extraction.For high-level processing tasks as an electro-neural synapse,it offers a fast program/erase speed of 40 ns/50μs and ultralow energy consumption of 0.37 aJ/spike.An AI vision system using a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistors has been demonstrated.It achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 92.63%within 12 epochs owing to the synergistic combination of the PIS and CIM functionalities.This study demonstrates the potential of the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor in future vision hardware,enhancing processing,power efficiency,and AI applications.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCEs)and overall safety profile associated with iodixanol in Chinese patients undergoing percutaneous coronary inter...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCEs)and overall safety profile associated with iodixanol in Chinese patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:Patients at 30 centers in China registered in the OpenClinic v3.6 database from October 30,2013,to October 7,2015,were included in the study.The primary endpoint was in-hospital MACCEs including target lesion revascularization(TLR),stroke,stent thrombosis,cardiac death,and PCI-related myocardial infarction(MI)within 72 h post-PCI.Secondary endpoints were MACCEs from 72 h to 30 d post-PCI and other safety events within 30 d post-PCI.Results:A total of 3,042 patients were enrolled.The incidence of MACCEs within 72 h post-PCI was 2.33%(n=71),including cardiac death(0.03%,n=1)and PCI-related MI(2.30%,n=70).The incidence of MACCEs from 72 h to 30 d post-PCI was 0.16%(n=5),including cardiac death(0.10%,n=3),PCI-related MI(0.03%,n=1),and TLR for stent thrombosis(0.03%,n=1).The incidence of composite angiographic or procedural complications was 2.86%(n=87);233(7.86%)patients had results suggesting contrast-induced acute kidney injury.Conclusions:These findings indicate that the use of iodixanol in Chinese patients undergoing PCI is associated with a low incidence of MACCEs,confirming its safety in this population.展开更多
The effects of different outer diameters and surface oxygen contents on the adsorption of heavy metals onto six types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） were investigated in an aqueous solution and lead was c...The effects of different outer diameters and surface oxygen contents on the adsorption of heavy metals onto six types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） were investigated in an aqueous solution and lead was chosen as a model metal ion. The results indicated that the percentage removal and adsorption capacity of lead remarkably increased with decreasing outer diameter due to larger specific surface area （SSA）. The SSA-normalized maximum adsorption capacity （qJSSA） and SSA-normalized adsorption coefficient （KdSSA） were strongly positively correlated with surface oxygen content, implying that lead adsorption onto MWCNTs significantly increases with the rise of oxygen content and decreases with decreasing SSA. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of lead on MWCNTs was endothermic and spontaneous. When the oxygen content of MWCNTs increased from 2.0% to 5.9%, the standard free energy （AGt） became more negative, which implied that the oxygenated functional groups increased the adsorption affinity of MWCNTs for lead. Through calculation of enthalpy （△H0）, AGO and free energy of adsorption （Ea）, lead adsorption onto MWCNTs was recognized as a chemisorption process. The chemical interaction between lead and the phenolic groups of MWCNTs could be one of the main adsorption mechanisms due to highly positive correlations between the phenolic groups and Kd/SSA or qm/SSA.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20131)for supporting this project.
文摘Introducing Neutral Polymeric bonding agents(NPBA) into the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether(NEPE)propellant could improve the adhesion between filler/matrix interface, thereby contributing to the development of new generations of the NEPE propellant with better mechanical properties. Therefore,understanding the effects of NPBA on the deformation and damage evolution of the NEPE propellant is fundamental to material design and applications. This paper studies the uniaxial tensile and stress relaxation responses of the NEPE propellant with different amounts of NPBA. The damage evolution in terms of interface debonding is further investigated using a cohesive-zone model(CZM). Experimental results show that the initial modulus and strength of the NEPE propellant increase with the increasing amount of NPBA while the elongation decreases. Meanwhile, the relaxation rate slows down and a higher long-term equilibrium modulus is reached. Experimental and numerical analyses indicate that interface debonding and crack propagation along filler-matrix interface are the dominant damage mechanism for the samples with a low amount of NPBA, while damage localization and crack advancement through the matrix are predominant for the ones with a high amount of NPBA. Finally, crosslinking density tests and simulation results also show that the effect of the bonding agent is interfacial rather than due to the overall crosslinking density change of the binder.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11872119,12172051,and 11972329)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2021CFB120)。
文摘Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics method.Results indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and concentrations.The atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and jet.As introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final reactions.Adding chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock impacting.Under the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone inclusions.The lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense shockwave.The quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline explosive.RD_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfect crystal after dynamics relaxation and reveals the global density characteristic in shocked systems filled with chemical inclusions.When RD_(sys)is below 0.9,local hydrodynamic jet initiated by void collapse dominates upon energy localization instead of interfacial impact.This study sheds light on novel insights for understanding the shock chemistry and physical-based atomic origin in crystalline explosives considering chemical-inclusions effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20131)State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(QNKT23-10)for supporting this project.
文摘Investigating the ignition response of nitrate ester plasticized polyether(NEPE) propellant under dynamic extrusion loading is of great significant at least for two cases. Firstly, it helps to understand the mechanism and conditions of unwanted ignition inside charged propellant under accident stimulus.Secondly, evaluates the risk of a shell crevice in a solid rocket motor(SRM) under a falling or overturning scene. In the present study, an innovative visual crevice extrusion experiment is designed using a dropweight apparatus. The dynamic responses of NEPE propellant during extrusion loading, including compaction and compression, rapid shear flow into the crevice, stress concentration, and ignition reaction, have been firstly observed using a high-performance high-speed camera. The ignition reaction is observed in the triangular region of the NEPE propellant sample above the crevice when the drop weight velocity was 1.90 m/s. Based on the user material subroutine interface UMAT provided by finite element software LS-DYNA, a viscoelastic-plastic model and dual ignition criterion related to plastic shear dissipation are developed and applied to the local ignition response analysis under crevice extrusion conditions. The stress concentration occurs in the crevice location of the propellant sample, the shear stress is relatively large, the effective plastic work is relatively large, and the ignition reaction is easy to occur. When the sample thickness decreases from 5 mm to 2.5 mm, the shear stress increases from 22.3 MPa to 28.6 MPa, the critical value of effective plastic work required for ignition is shortened from 1280 μs to 730 μs, and the triangular area is easily triggering an ignition reaction. The propellant sample with a small thickness is more likely to stress concentration, resulting in large shear stress and effective work, triggering an ignition reaction.
基金supported by Research Topic of Department of Health of Jiangxi Province(No.20131074)Natural Science Fund of Jiangxi Province(No:20122BAB205028)
文摘Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of angiotensin II receptor blockers-Irbesartan on occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in rats with myocardial ischemia. Methods: Rats with embryonic cardiomyocytes-H9c2 were randomly divided into control group. ischemia group. Irbesartan group and Irbesartan+ischemia group. The cell viability of rats in each group was tested using MTT. Real-time PCR was employed to detect the expression of connexin43 (Cx43) mRNA and western blot to detect the expression of Cx43 and phosphorylated Cx43. SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation group (SO). myocardial infarction group (MI). Irbesartan group and MI+ Irbesartan group, with 10 rats in each group. HE staining was employed to observe the change in the pathomorpholouy of left ventricular tissue and TUNEL method to analyze the cell apoptosis in the tissue. The immunofluorescence was adopted to observe the expression and distribution of Cx43 in the left ventricular myocardium and study the change in the expression of Cx43 in the cardiac muscular tissue at mRNA and protein level. Results: The intervention of lrbesartan in the condition of ischemia indicated the significant decrease in the number of necrotic cells. The expression of Cx43 was significantly decreased under the culture of ischemia (P<0.05), but in the presence of Irbesartan, the expression of Cx43 was increased compared with the ischemia group (p<0.01). The results of WB assay showed the similar trend of change at mRNA level. There was the significant difference in the score of ventricular arerythmia between MI group and SO group (P<0.01). The incidence of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation was significantly increased compared with the one in SO group (P<0.05). There was the significant difference in the overall score between MI+Irbesartan group and MI group (P<0.05). The expression of Cx43 in the cardiac muscular tissue in MI group was significantly decreased (P<0.01(US) SO group). But the expression of Cx43 was increased after the treatment with Irbesartan. Conclusions: Irbesartan can inhibit the injury of H9c2 cardiomyocytes and the decreased expression of Cx43 that are induced by the ischemic myocardial infarction. Irbesartan can also improve the reconstruction of Cx43 in rats with ischemic myocardium to inhibit the myocardial infarction-induced arrhythmias.
基金supported by a Special Funding Project for the Chinese National Outstanding Ph.D.Thesis Author,No.201082the First Grade of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.20110490080the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81202653
文摘OBJECTIVE： To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia. DATA RETRIEVAL： We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library （2004 to July 2011）, PubMed （1966 to July 2011）, the Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database （1977 to July 2011）, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （1979 to July 2011）, Google Scholar （July 2011）, and the Chinese Biomedical Database （1977 to July 2011） using the key words ＂Chinese medicine OR Chinese herbal medicine＂ and ＂vascular dementia OR mild cognition impair OR multi-infarct dementia OR small-vessel dementia OR strategic infarct dementia OR hypoperfusion dementia OR hemorrhagic dementia OR hereditary vascular dementia＂. SELECTION CRITERIA： Randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo/western medicine in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia were included. Diagnostic standards included Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherche et I＇Enseignement en Neurosciences. Two participants independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction. The quality of each trial was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewers＇ Handbook 5.0. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effective rate, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores, and incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS： We identified 1 143 articles discussing the effects of Chinese medicine on vascular dementia. Thirty-one of these were included in the analysis. These studies involved a total of 2 868 participants （1 605 patients took Chinese medicine decoctions （treatment group）; 1 263 patients took western medicine or placebo）. The results of our meta-analysis revealed that Chinese herbal remedies in the treatment group were more efficacious than the control intervention （relative risk （RR） = 1.27; 95% confidence interval （C/）： 1.18-1.38, P 〈 0.01）. Mini-Mental State Examination scores were higher in patients taking Chinese herbal medicines than in those in the control group （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 2.83; 95%CI： 2.55-3.12, P 〈 0.01）. Patients in the treatment group showed better disease amelioration than those in the control group （Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores; WMD = 2.41, 95%CI： 1.48-3.34, P 〈 0.01）. There were also considerably fewer adverse reactions among those in the treatment group compared with those in the control group （RR = 0.20, 95%CI： 0.08-0.47, P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Chinese herbal medicine appears to be safer and more effective than control measures in the treatment of vascular dementia. However, the included trials were generally low in quality. More well-designed, high-quality trials are needed to provide better evidence for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicines for vascular dementia.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30672692
文摘This study investigated the effects of Yishendaluo decoction on the loss of blood-brain barrier integrity in mice exhibiting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.To this end,we used real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to measure the levels of mRNAs specific to the T cell markers CD4 and CD8,and the monocyte marker CD11b.In addition,we used Evans blue dye extravasation in the spinal cord and brain tissues to assess blood-brain barrier permeability.The results indicated that an increase in blood-brain barrier permeability was associated with an increase in CD4,CD8 and CD11b mRNA expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.Yishendaluo decoction administration significantly reversed inflammatory cell accumulation in cerebral tissues of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC0807805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074049)。
文摘Resistivity will have different response characteristics to the hydraulic fracture propagation process. In this work, a resistivity testing system for hydraulic fracturing specimens was established. Resistivity and acoustic emission(AE) information were jointly analysed to determine the dynamic response characteristics of resistivity during hydraulic fracture propagation. The results show that the water and fracture exert a competitive influence on the connection structure of the circuit, and there are two significant peak resistivity points in the curve, presenting a double peak therein. The peak resistivity data of the specimen with a larger fracture area are much different from the initial value. With the increase of the rate of injection, the range of variation of the highest value that can be reached with the specimen resistivity decreases. High resistivity rates or high resistivity fluctuations exhibit rapid a release of fracture energy. The fracture failure mode dominated by shear fractures makes the formation produce a “series+parallel” electrical connection structure;a calculation model of formation resistivity based on shear and tensile failure was proposed to characterize the proportion of different types of hydraulic fractures and elucidate the control effect of matrix resistivity on the electrical performance of the overall circuit structure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61304154).
文摘Many epidemics or viruses in real life spread by taking advantage of other dynamic processes, e.g., the computer virus propagates with the transmission of packets. In this paper, we survey the recent progress in the study of Traffic-Driven Epidemic Spreading (TDES) on complex networks. First, we introduce several typical TDES models. Then, we analyze the key factors which have significant impact on the epidemic threshold, such as the traffic congestion and routing protocols. Furthermore, we discuss the control of the TDES by focusing on the network structure optimization and the immunization strategies. Finally, we put some issues that need to be further explored in the future.
基金the National Natural Science Funds(32102411)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20200924)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(20KJB210005)the Agricultural Science&Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(CX[20]3021)the Graduate Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(XKYCX19_119)the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund of Yangzhou University.
文摘Herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)is an important ornamental plant worldwide.In its natural state,P.lactiflora often manifests traits like rapidly elongating internodal growth,loose plant types,and soft inflorescence stems.However,very little has been known about the measures for controlling these traits.This study investigated the effect of applying paclobutrazol(PBZ)on the plant growth and flower quality in P.lactiflora.The results indicated that PBZ application reduced the plant height(8.05%),plant crown width(14.72%),and leaf area(10.90%),but increased the leaf thickness(18.18%)and stem diameter(over 11%)in P.lactiflora.Meanwhile,PBZ application was also found to increase the chlorophyll(Chl)a(29.63%),Chl b(33.33%),Chl a+b(30.56%),SPAD(27.32%),relative water content(0.47%),soluble sugar(5.09%)and activities of three antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase 169.66%,peroxidase 3.59%,catalase 319.30%),but decreased the relative electrical conductivity(18.52%).Additionally,the application of PBZ was found to affect the flowering quality of P.lactiflora,increasing the flower diameter and fresh weight only in the flower-bud stage.This initiates the bloom stage,where there was a decrease in the total content of the aromatic compounds except for the flower-bud stage,and faded the flower color by reducing the content of anthocyanin.These results demonstrated that the application of PBZ can regulate the P.lactiflora plant types with no significant decrease in its ornamental values.This might provide a theoretical basis for further applying PBZ in P.lactiflora for use in urban landscape spaces.
基金This work was performed at the SSRF XIL beamline(BL08U1B)Financial support was provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0206001)+1 种基金the National Key Basic Research Program of the China Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(17JC1400802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775291,11875314).
文摘This paper introduces the recent progress in methodologies and their related applications based on the soft x-ray interference lithography beamline in the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility.Dual-beam,multibeam interference lithography and Talbot lithography have been adopted as basic methods in the beamline.To improve the experimental performance,a precise real-time vibration evaluation system has been established;and the lithography stability has been greatly improved.In order to meet the demands for higher resolution and practical application,novel experimental methods have been developed,such as high-order diffraction interference exposure,high-aspect-ratio and large-area stitching exposure,and parallel direct writing achromatic Talbot lithography.As of now,a 25 nm half-pitch pattern has been obtained;and a cm2 exposure area has been achieved in practical samples.The above methods have been applied to extreme ultraviolet photoresist evaluation,photonic crystal and surface plasmonic effect research,and so on.
基金Science Challenging Program(TZ2016001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11572045,11472051)Innovative Group of Material and Structure Impact Dynamics(11521062)。
文摘Fragmental size and distribution of explosive particles play a more important role in the formation of hot-spot than original particles size under drop weight impact.Because the particles breakage and the hot-spots ignition will form in a sequence between fragments and between the fragments and the drop weight surface under the impact.In this paper,the size and distribution of the cyclotetramethylenete tranitramine(HMX)fragments were analyzed by the Laser Particle Size Analyzer Malvern MS2000.The post-analysis results of fragments showed that size distribution of fragments was strongly dependent on drop height.An empirical formula is established to describe the relationship between the average size and drop height.The volume-based probability distribution of explosive fragments was also studied by experiments and theoretical calculations.
基金supported by the Biodiversity Survey,Observation and Assessment Programme(2019–2023)of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China to Li DING and Yanqing WUgrants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31301882,No.31970423)to Qin Chen+2 种基金Science and Technology Foundation of Sichuan(No.2018SZ0335)to Qin CHEN.Japan-China Joint Research Project(2014–2016)between the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,31411140033)to Yezhong TANG and Akira MORIJSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP26440213,JP17H03719,and JP18KK0205 to Akira MORI。
文摘The genus Rhabdophis is a group of widely distributed snakes with more than 20 species.Recent field surveys uncovered a species in southwestern China,which has long been considered as R.pentasupralabialis.Combined molecular and morphological analyses revealed it as a new species Rhabdophis chiwen sp.nov.Based on 12 specimens,this new species is distinguished by the following characters:1)dorsal body saddlebrown,dorsal scales typically with black margins forming spots and stripes,the margin of the outer row forming two faint dorsolateral black cross-bars alongside body;2)ventral scales 151–159,the outer margin of ventral scales and several lateral rows of dorsal scales forming ventrolateral longitudinal brownish-red coloration,with faint black spots in the middle of ventral scales;3)a black oblique stripe present below eyes,often with a black spot between the 2 nd and 3 rd supralabial and a black stripe on the 5 th supralabial;4)eyes dark khaki,pupils black;5)infralabials usually 7,the first four in contact with anterior chin-shields;6)temporal scales 1+1;7)dorsal scales in 15 rows,feebly keeled except the outer 1–2 rows;8)anal scale divided;subcaudals 45–59;9)preocular 1 and postoculars 3(occasionally 2);10)body medium-sized(snout-vent length:adult males 404–431 mm,adult females 409–476 mm);11)tail moderate(tail length/total length in adult males 0.205–0.238,in adult females0.172–0.193).With the discovery of this new species,the total number of species in genus Rhabdophis is 28 with 12 th species known to occur in China.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province( C2011201003)
文摘[ Objective] The paper was to screen the antagonistic Bacillus spp. strains against Phytophthora infestans （Mont.） de Bary and analyze its lipepeptide substances. [ Methods] Using flat isolation and culture method, the bacteria that could produce Bacillus spp. were isolated from rhizosphere soil, and carried out primary and secondary screening by confrontation culture. The lipopeptide substances of Y-3 strain with better antifungal effect were carried out I-IPLC analysis. [Result] Nine strains of bacteria had certain antagonistic effects against P. infestans in primary screening, Y-1 and Y-3 strains had significant inhibition effect against the growth of P. infestans in secondary screening, with inhibition rate higher than 80% ; the crude extract of lipepeptide produced by Y-3 strain had better antagonistic effect against P. infestans, with inhibition rate higher than 90%. HPLC analysis showed that the crude extract of lipepeptide mainly contained 8 components. [ Conclusion] The lipopeptide substances produced by Y-3 strain had significant inhibition effect, which had potential application value for biological control of potato late blight.
基金the National Natural Science Funds(32102411)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20200924)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(20KJB210005)Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology Young Scientific and Technological Talents Project-Supported by Yanqing Wu,the Agricultural Science&Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(CX[20]3021)the Graduate Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(XKYCX19_119)the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund of Yangzhou University。
文摘The ornamental and commercial values of herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)are directly related to its flower pattern.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the type formation of P.lactiflora flowers have not been studied in great detail.Previous studies identified,using integrated multipleomics analysis,revealed that APETALA2(AP2)is an important candidate gene that modulates type formation of P.lactiflora flowers.To further reveal the expression mechanism of AP2 in P.lactiflora petals,we examined the profile of AP2 expression in the inner and outer petals of‘ZiFengyu’at various developmental stages using qRT-PCR and BSP+Miseq methylation analysis.Based on our data,the AP2 levels in the outer petals were obviously increased,relative to the inner petals.In addition,the S3 levels at the bloom stage were significantly higher than at the flower-bud stage S1,thereby promoting bloom stage S2,while declining stage S4.Using chromosome walking,the 2000 bp of the 5′-end upstream promoter region was achieved.This region harbored a CpG island(−665∼−872 bp),with multiple essential transcription factor binding sites(TFBS)such as NF-kappa B,GATA-1,Sp1,and C/EBP.Methylation sequencing revealed 7 methylated CpG sites in the CpG island region of the AP2 promoter,thereinto,the methylation ratio of the CpG-3 site in the inner petals was significantly higher than in the outer petals.Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between the level of methylation(CpG-3,CpG-6),and AP2 mRNA expression.CpG-3 was located on the Sp1 transcription factor binding site.Thus,we speculated that the CpG-3 methylation may inhibit transcription factor Sp1 binding to the gene promoter,thereby regulating AP2 expression.Herein,we examined the role of AP2 in the determination of flower patterns in P.lactiflora.Our conclusion will provide theoretical guidance for the molecular breeding of the flower pattern in P.lactiflora.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos:31802255,31972756 and 32072938).
文摘The objective of this study was to provide the characteristics of hepatic computed tomography images and optimize their transition delay with a bolus-tracking technique for triple-phase hepatic computed tomography in cats.Dynamic triple-phase computed tomography was performed in nine healthy cats.The upper third of the liver was dynamically scanned every 0.5 s for 40 s.The time density curves of the aorta and hepatic parenchyma mean enhancement were analyzed.Triple-phase hepatic computed tomography was performed three times with a bolus trigger of 200 Hounsfield units of aortic enhancement.The transition delays of the arterial,portal,and hepatic parenchymal phases were respectively 0,5 and 60 s in the first scan;2,7 and 62 s in the second scan;and 4,9 and 64 s in the third scan.All computed tomography images were evaluated by a certificated radiologist.The arterial vessels and their main branches were well enhanced at a 2 s transition delay.The contrast of the portal vein to the liver parenchyma was most obvious at a 7 s transition delay.The mean enhancement of the hepatic parenchyma peaked at a 62 s transition delay,whereas the degree of enhancement of the hepatic vasculature decreased.In this study,the recommended transition delays for the arterial,portal,and hepatic parenchymal phases were 2 s,7 s and 62 s,respectively,after triggering at 200 Hounsfield units of aortic enhancement.This information may be helpful in diagnosing feline liver diseases and provides a key reference for the clinical implementation of CT.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62104066,52221001,62090035,U19A2090,U22A20138,52372146,and 62101181)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1402501,2022YFA1204300)+6 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ20016)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2021RC3061)the Key Program of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province(2019XK2001,2020XK2001)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2020WNLOKF016)the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications,Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(22ZS01)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023TQ0110)the Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory(OVL2023ZD002).
文摘The growth of data and Internet of Things challenges traditional hardware,which encounters efficiency and power issues owing to separate functional units for sensors,memory,and computation.In this study,we designed an a-phase indium selenide(a-In_(2)Se_(3))transistor,which is a two-dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor as the channel material,to create artificial optic-neural and electro-neural synapses,enabling cutting-edge processing-in-sensor(PIS)and computing-in-memory(CIM)functionalities.As an optic-neural synapse for low-level sensory processing,the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor exhibits a high photoresponsivity(2855 A/W)and detectivity(2.91×10^(14)Jones),facilitating efficient feature extraction.For high-level processing tasks as an electro-neural synapse,it offers a fast program/erase speed of 40 ns/50μs and ultralow energy consumption of 0.37 aJ/spike.An AI vision system using a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistors has been demonstrated.It achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 92.63%within 12 epochs owing to the synergistic combination of the PIS and CIM functionalities.This study demonstrates the potential of the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor in future vision hardware,enhancing processing,power efficiency,and AI applications.
基金supported by the National Key Project of Research and Development Plan during the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period(2016YFC1301300),ChinaConstruction Program of National Clinical Priority Specialty.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCEs)and overall safety profile associated with iodixanol in Chinese patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:Patients at 30 centers in China registered in the OpenClinic v3.6 database from October 30,2013,to October 7,2015,were included in the study.The primary endpoint was in-hospital MACCEs including target lesion revascularization(TLR),stroke,stent thrombosis,cardiac death,and PCI-related myocardial infarction(MI)within 72 h post-PCI.Secondary endpoints were MACCEs from 72 h to 30 d post-PCI and other safety events within 30 d post-PCI.Results:A total of 3,042 patients were enrolled.The incidence of MACCEs within 72 h post-PCI was 2.33%(n=71),including cardiac death(0.03%,n=1)and PCI-related MI(2.30%,n=70).The incidence of MACCEs from 72 h to 30 d post-PCI was 0.16%(n=5),including cardiac death(0.10%,n=3),PCI-related MI(0.03%,n=1),and TLR for stent thrombosis(0.03%,n=1).The incidence of composite angiographic or procedural complications was 2.86%(n=87);233(7.86%)patients had results suggesting contrast-induced acute kidney injury.Conclusions:These findings indicate that the use of iodixanol in Chinese patients undergoing PCI is associated with a low incidence of MACCEs,confirming its safety in this population.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No.2007AA06Z334)the Scholarship Award for Excellent Doctoral Student granted by Ministry of Education and the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Innovation Fund for Postgraduates+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation (No. PCRRY11009)the Program for Young Excellent Talents at Tongji University (No. 2010KJ026)
文摘The effects of different outer diameters and surface oxygen contents on the adsorption of heavy metals onto six types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） were investigated in an aqueous solution and lead was chosen as a model metal ion. The results indicated that the percentage removal and adsorption capacity of lead remarkably increased with decreasing outer diameter due to larger specific surface area （SSA）. The SSA-normalized maximum adsorption capacity （qJSSA） and SSA-normalized adsorption coefficient （KdSSA） were strongly positively correlated with surface oxygen content, implying that lead adsorption onto MWCNTs significantly increases with the rise of oxygen content and decreases with decreasing SSA. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of lead on MWCNTs was endothermic and spontaneous. When the oxygen content of MWCNTs increased from 2.0% to 5.9%, the standard free energy （AGt） became more negative, which implied that the oxygenated functional groups increased the adsorption affinity of MWCNTs for lead. Through calculation of enthalpy （△H0）, AGO and free energy of adsorption （Ea）, lead adsorption onto MWCNTs was recognized as a chemisorption process. The chemical interaction between lead and the phenolic groups of MWCNTs could be one of the main adsorption mechanisms due to highly positive correlations between the phenolic groups and Kd/SSA or qm/SSA.
