Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting heading date of rice.Despite its importance,genes responsible for temperature-sensitive heading in rice have remained elusive.Our previous study identified a ...Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting heading date of rice.Despite its importance,genes responsible for temperature-sensitive heading in rice have remained elusive.Our previous study identified a quantitative trait locus qHd1 which advances heading date under high temperatures.A 9.5-kb insertion was found in the first intron of OsMADS51 in indica variety Zhenshan 97(ZS97).However,the function of this natural variant in controlling temperature sensitivity has not been verified.In this study,we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the 9.5-kb insertion in ZS97.Experiments conducted under cotrolled conditions in phytotrons confirmed that deletion increased temperature sensitivity and advanced heading by downregulating the expression level of OsMADS51.One-hybrid assays in yeast,ChIP-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,electrophoretic mobility shift,and luciferase-based transient transactivation assays collectively confirmed that OsMADS51 affects heading date by regulation of heading date gene Ehd1.We further determined that the long non-coding RNA HEATINR is generated from the first intron of OsMADS51,offering an explanation for how the 9.5-kb insertion affects temperature sensitivity.We also found that OsMADS51 was strongly selected in early/late-season rice varieties in South China,possibly accounting for their strong temperature sensitivity.These insights not only advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the temperature-responsive regulation of heading date in rice but also provide a valuable genetic target for molecular breeding.展开更多
For the detection environment of complex walls such as high-rise buildings,a double helix wall climbing robot(DHWCR)with strong adsorption force and good stability is designed and developed,which uses symmetrical prop...For the detection environment of complex walls such as high-rise buildings,a double helix wall climbing robot(DHWCR)with strong adsorption force and good stability is designed and developed,which uses symmetrical propellers to provide adsorption force.The symmetrical driving structure can provide smooth thrust for the DHWCR,so that the robot can be absorbed to the wall surface with different roughness.A left and right control frame with multiple degrees of freedom is designed,which can adjust the fixed position of the brushless propeller motor in the front and back directions,realize the continuous adjustable thrust direction of the robot,and improve the flexibility of the robot movement.Using the front wheel steering mechanism with universal joint,the steering control of the DHWCR is realized by differential control.In the vertical to ground transition,the front and rear brushless motors can provide the pull up and oblique thrust,so that the DHWCR can smoothly transition to the vertical wall.The motion performance and adaptability of the DHWCR in the horizontal ground and vertical wall environment are tested.The results show that the DHWCR can switch motion between the horizontal ground and vertical wall,and can stably adsorb on the vertical wall with flexible attitude control.The DHWCR can move at a fast speed.The speed on the horizontal ground is higher than that on the vertical wall,which verifies the feasibility and reliability of the DHWCR moving stably on the vertical wall.展开更多
Understanding complex biological pathways,including gene–gene interactions and gene regulatory networks,is critical for exploring disease mechanisms and drug development.Manual literature curation of biological pathw...Understanding complex biological pathways,including gene–gene interactions and gene regulatory networks,is critical for exploring disease mechanisms and drug development.Manual literature curation of biological pathways cannot keep up with the exponential growth of new discoveries in the literature.Large-scale language models(LLMs)trained on extensive text corpora contain rich biological information,and they can be mined as a biological knowledge graph.This study assesses 21 LLMs,including both application programming interface(API)-based models and open-source models in their capacities of retrieving biological knowledge.The evaluation focuses on predicting gene regulatory relations(activation,inhibition,and phosphorylation)and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway components.Results indicated a significant disparity in model performance.API-based models GPT-4 and Claude-Pro showed superior performance,with an F1 score of 0.4448 and 0.4386 for the gene regulatory relation prediction,and a Jaccard similarity index of 0.2778 and 0.2657 for the KEGG pathway prediction,respectively.Open-source models lagged behind their API-based counterparts,whereas Falcon-180b and llama2-7b had the highest F1 scores of 0.2787 and 0.1923 in gene regulatory relations,respectively.The KEGG pathway recognition had a Jaccard similarity index of 0.2237 for Falcon-180b and 0.2207 for llama2-7b.Our study suggests that LLMs are informative in gene network analysis and pathway mapping,but their effectiveness varies,necessitating careful model selection.This work also provides a case study and insight into using LLMs das knowledge graphs.Our code is publicly available at the website of GitHub(Muh-aza).展开更多
CuWO4,as an n-type oxide semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.2 eV,has stimulated enormous interest as a potential broad-spectrum-active photocatalyst for environmental pollution remediations.However,rapid charge recombi...CuWO4,as an n-type oxide semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.2 eV,has stimulated enormous interest as a potential broad-spectrum-active photocatalyst for environmental pollution remediations.However,rapid charge recombination greatly hinders its practical applications.Herein,we present a cascaded electron transition pathway in a ternary heterostructure consisting of CdS quantum dots,carbon dots(CDs)and CuWO4 hollow spheres,which proves to greatly facilitate the photogenerated electron-hole separation,and eventually boosts the degradation efficiency of phenol and congo red by 100%and 46%compared to bare CuWO4.The enhanced performance of the CuWO4/CdS/CDs heterostructure mainly originates from the unidirectional electron migration from CdS to CuWO4 and then to the organics through CDs.This work elucidates the electron transfer kinetics in multi-phase system and provides a new design paradigm for optimizing the properties of CuWO4 based photocatalysts.展开更多
Knowledge graphs(KGs)provide a wealth of prior knowledge for the research on social networks.Crosslingual entity alignment aims at integrating complementary KGs from different languages and thus benefits various knowl...Knowledge graphs(KGs)provide a wealth of prior knowledge for the research on social networks.Crosslingual entity alignment aims at integrating complementary KGs from different languages and thus benefits various knowledge-driven social network studies.Recent entity alignment methods often take an embedding-based approach to model the entity and relation embedding of KGs.However,these studies mostly focus on the information of the entity itself and its structural features but ignore the influence of multiple types of data in KGs.In this paper,we propose a new embedding-based framework named multiview highway graph convolutional network(MHGCN),which considers the entity alignment from the views of entity semantic,relation semantic,and entity attribute.To learn the structural features of an entity,the MHGCN employs a highway graph convolutional network(GCN)for entity embedding in each view.In addition,the MHGCN weights and fuses the multiple views according to the importance of the embedding from each view to obtain a better entity embedding.The alignment entities are identified based on the similarity of entity embeddings.The experimental results show that the MHGCN consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art alignment methods.The research also will benefit knowledge fusion through cross-lingual KG entity alignment.展开更多
The contamination of antibiotics in aqueous environment causes increasing concerns recently.Lightassisted activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS)has been demonstrated as an efficient technology for re moval of contaminatio...The contamination of antibiotics in aqueous environment causes increasing concerns recently.Lightassisted activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS)has been demonstrated as an efficient technology for re moval of contamination in water.Herein,a hollow sphere of CuWO_(4)(h-CuWO_(4))was employed as a visible lightactivated photocatalyst for the activation of PDS,and following with high removal efficiency(98%)of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Under visible light irradiation,the degradation rate on hollow structures system is nearly 2 times higher than the traditional solid CuWO_(4) spheres.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism and detailed pathway of SMX degradation were proposed based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).This work provides a new feasible way for advanced oxidation processes to remove antibiotics SMX in heterogeneous system,and open up new application possibilities of CuWO_(4)-based materials.展开更多
Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Ki...Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Kingdom,indicating a wide geographical distribution.In this retrospective study,339 pig serum samples were collected from 20 different commercial swine farms located in nine cities in Guangdong Province,China,from 2016 to 2018,to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of PPg V in this geographical region.PPg V was detected in 55%(11/20)of the farms using nested reverse transcription PCR,with 6.2%(21/339)of pigs testing positive for PPg V.The yearly PPg V-positive rate increased from 2.6%to 7.5%between 2016 and 2018.Sequencing of PPg V-positive samples identified two complete polyprotein genes and seven partial NS5 B genes from different farms.Comparative analysis of the polyprotein genes revealed that PPg V sequences obtained in this study showed 87.4%–97.2%similarity at the nucleotide level and 96.5%–99.4%similarity at the amino acid level with the reference sequences.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the complete polyprotein gene and partial NS5 B and NS3 genes demonstrated a high genetic similarity with the samples from the USA.The finding of the wide distribution of PPg V in swine herds in Guangdong Province will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PPg V in China.展开更多
基金supported by the Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project(NT2021001)Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund-Provincial and Municipal Joint Fund Project(2023A1515110882)+3 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2023A04J0811)Guangdong Province Rural Revitalization Strategy Special Fund Seed Industry Revitalization Project(2022-NPY-00-013)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Pro-vince(LY22C130006)Key Laboratory of New Rice Breeding Technologies in Guangdong Province(2023B1212060042).
文摘Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting heading date of rice.Despite its importance,genes responsible for temperature-sensitive heading in rice have remained elusive.Our previous study identified a quantitative trait locus qHd1 which advances heading date under high temperatures.A 9.5-kb insertion was found in the first intron of OsMADS51 in indica variety Zhenshan 97(ZS97).However,the function of this natural variant in controlling temperature sensitivity has not been verified.In this study,we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the 9.5-kb insertion in ZS97.Experiments conducted under cotrolled conditions in phytotrons confirmed that deletion increased temperature sensitivity and advanced heading by downregulating the expression level of OsMADS51.One-hybrid assays in yeast,ChIP-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,electrophoretic mobility shift,and luciferase-based transient transactivation assays collectively confirmed that OsMADS51 affects heading date by regulation of heading date gene Ehd1.We further determined that the long non-coding RNA HEATINR is generated from the first intron of OsMADS51,offering an explanation for how the 9.5-kb insertion affects temperature sensitivity.We also found that OsMADS51 was strongly selected in early/late-season rice varieties in South China,possibly accounting for their strong temperature sensitivity.These insights not only advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the temperature-responsive regulation of heading date in rice but also provide a valuable genetic target for molecular breeding.
基金supported by the Key Research Development and Promotion Special Project of Henan Province,under Grant 212102310119 and 212102210358Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Henan Institute of Technology,under Grant KQ1869+7 种基金2021 Provincial Higher Education Teaching Reform General Project"Research and Practice of Grassroots Teaching Management Construction in Local Application-oriented Universities under the Background of Professional Certification",under Grant SJGY20210520University-Industry Collaborative Education Program,under Grant 202101187010 and 202102120046Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Henan Province,under Grant 202211329011Educational and Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project of Henan Institute of Technology,under Grant 2021-YB023 and JJXY-2021005Innovative Education Curriculum Construction Project of Henan Institute of Technology,under Grant CX-2021-0052022 Xinxiang Federation of Social Sciences Research topic,under Grant SKL-2022-254 and SKL-2022-2282022 Annual Research Topic of Henan Federation of Social Sciences,under Grant SKL-2022-26922022 Annual Research Project of Henan Federation of Social Sciences:"Research on Rural Revitalization Strategy of Financial Service Model Innovation in Henan Province",under Grant SKL-2022-2692.
文摘For the detection environment of complex walls such as high-rise buildings,a double helix wall climbing robot(DHWCR)with strong adsorption force and good stability is designed and developed,which uses symmetrical propellers to provide adsorption force.The symmetrical driving structure can provide smooth thrust for the DHWCR,so that the robot can be absorbed to the wall surface with different roughness.A left and right control frame with multiple degrees of freedom is designed,which can adjust the fixed position of the brushless propeller motor in the front and back directions,realize the continuous adjustable thrust direction of the robot,and improve the flexibility of the robot movement.Using the front wheel steering mechanism with universal joint,the steering control of the DHWCR is realized by differential control.In the vertical to ground transition,the front and rear brushless motors can provide the pull up and oblique thrust,so that the DHWCR can smoothly transition to the vertical wall.The motion performance and adaptability of the DHWCR in the horizontal ground and vertical wall environment are tested.The results show that the DHWCR can switch motion between the horizontal ground and vertical wall,and can stably adsorb on the vertical wall with flexible attitude control.The DHWCR can move at a fast speed.The speed on the horizontal ground is higher than that on the vertical wall,which verifies the feasibility and reliability of the DHWCR moving stably on the vertical wall.
基金National Institute of General Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:R35-GM126985National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,Grant/Award Number:P30DK092950U.S.National Library of Medicine,Grant/Award Number:LM013392。
文摘Understanding complex biological pathways,including gene–gene interactions and gene regulatory networks,is critical for exploring disease mechanisms and drug development.Manual literature curation of biological pathways cannot keep up with the exponential growth of new discoveries in the literature.Large-scale language models(LLMs)trained on extensive text corpora contain rich biological information,and they can be mined as a biological knowledge graph.This study assesses 21 LLMs,including both application programming interface(API)-based models and open-source models in their capacities of retrieving biological knowledge.The evaluation focuses on predicting gene regulatory relations(activation,inhibition,and phosphorylation)and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway components.Results indicated a significant disparity in model performance.API-based models GPT-4 and Claude-Pro showed superior performance,with an F1 score of 0.4448 and 0.4386 for the gene regulatory relation prediction,and a Jaccard similarity index of 0.2778 and 0.2657 for the KEGG pathway prediction,respectively.Open-source models lagged behind their API-based counterparts,whereas Falcon-180b and llama2-7b had the highest F1 scores of 0.2787 and 0.1923 in gene regulatory relations,respectively.The KEGG pathway recognition had a Jaccard similarity index of 0.2237 for Falcon-180b and 0.2207 for llama2-7b.Our study suggests that LLMs are informative in gene network analysis and pathway mapping,but their effectiveness varies,necessitating careful model selection.This work also provides a case study and insight into using LLMs das knowledge graphs.Our code is publicly available at the website of GitHub(Muh-aza).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21875048)Guangdong Natural ScienceFoundation(No.2017A030313255)+3 种基金Major Scientific Project of Guangdong University(No.2017KZDXM059)Yangcheng Scholars Research Project of Guangzhou(No.201831820)Science and Technology Research Project of Guangzhou(No.201804010047)Guangzhou University’s 2017 Training Program for Young TopNotch Personnel(No.BJ201704)。
文摘CuWO4,as an n-type oxide semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.2 eV,has stimulated enormous interest as a potential broad-spectrum-active photocatalyst for environmental pollution remediations.However,rapid charge recombination greatly hinders its practical applications.Herein,we present a cascaded electron transition pathway in a ternary heterostructure consisting of CdS quantum dots,carbon dots(CDs)and CuWO4 hollow spheres,which proves to greatly facilitate the photogenerated electron-hole separation,and eventually boosts the degradation efficiency of phenol and congo red by 100%and 46%compared to bare CuWO4.The enhanced performance of the CuWO4/CdS/CDs heterostructure mainly originates from the unidirectional electron migration from CdS to CuWO4 and then to the organics through CDs.This work elucidates the electron transfer kinetics in multi-phase system and provides a new design paradigm for optimizing the properties of CuWO4 based photocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61873288)Research on Key Technologies and Application for the Time Series Data of State Grid Hunan Electirc Power Company(No.5216A00036)+1 种基金the Hunan Key Laboratory for Internet of Things in Electricity(No.2019TP1016)CAAI-Huawei Mind Spore Open Fund。
文摘Knowledge graphs(KGs)provide a wealth of prior knowledge for the research on social networks.Crosslingual entity alignment aims at integrating complementary KGs from different languages and thus benefits various knowledge-driven social network studies.Recent entity alignment methods often take an embedding-based approach to model the entity and relation embedding of KGs.However,these studies mostly focus on the information of the entity itself and its structural features but ignore the influence of multiple types of data in KGs.In this paper,we propose a new embedding-based framework named multiview highway graph convolutional network(MHGCN),which considers the entity alignment from the views of entity semantic,relation semantic,and entity attribute.To learn the structural features of an entity,the MHGCN employs a highway graph convolutional network(GCN)for entity embedding in each view.In addition,the MHGCN weights and fuses the multiple views according to the importance of the embedding from each view to obtain a better entity embedding.The alignment entities are identified based on the similarity of entity embeddings.The experimental results show that the MHGCN consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art alignment methods.The research also will benefit knowledge fusion through cross-lingual KG entity alignment.
基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020B1515020038)。
文摘The contamination of antibiotics in aqueous environment causes increasing concerns recently.Lightassisted activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS)has been demonstrated as an efficient technology for re moval of contamination in water.Herein,a hollow sphere of CuWO_(4)(h-CuWO_(4))was employed as a visible lightactivated photocatalyst for the activation of PDS,and following with high removal efficiency(98%)of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Under visible light irradiation,the degradation rate on hollow structures system is nearly 2 times higher than the traditional solid CuWO_(4) spheres.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism and detailed pathway of SMX degradation were proposed based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).This work provides a new feasible way for advanced oxidation processes to remove antibiotics SMX in heterogeneous system,and open up new application possibilities of CuWO_(4)-based materials.
基金supported by Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province,the Guangdong Province Pig Industrial System Innovation Team(Grant Number 2018LM1103)the National Key Basic Research Program(Grant Number 2016YFD0500606)+1 种基金the Construction of the First Class Universities(Subject)and Special Development Guidance Special Fund(Grant Number K5174960)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SCUT(Grant Number D2170320)
文摘Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Kingdom,indicating a wide geographical distribution.In this retrospective study,339 pig serum samples were collected from 20 different commercial swine farms located in nine cities in Guangdong Province,China,from 2016 to 2018,to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of PPg V in this geographical region.PPg V was detected in 55%(11/20)of the farms using nested reverse transcription PCR,with 6.2%(21/339)of pigs testing positive for PPg V.The yearly PPg V-positive rate increased from 2.6%to 7.5%between 2016 and 2018.Sequencing of PPg V-positive samples identified two complete polyprotein genes and seven partial NS5 B genes from different farms.Comparative analysis of the polyprotein genes revealed that PPg V sequences obtained in this study showed 87.4%–97.2%similarity at the nucleotide level and 96.5%–99.4%similarity at the amino acid level with the reference sequences.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the complete polyprotein gene and partial NS5 B and NS3 genes demonstrated a high genetic similarity with the samples from the USA.The finding of the wide distribution of PPg V in swine herds in Guangdong Province will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PPg V in China.
