Peer feedback is a widely utilized practice in writing classrooms for second languages(L2)that has drawn a lot of attention.While some support the practice because of the clear advantages that peer feedback offers stu...Peer feedback is a widely utilized practice in writing classrooms for second languages(L2)that has drawn a lot of attention.While some support the practice because of the clear advantages that peer feedback offers students,others doubt its efficacy.Comparing various forms of feedback is therefore necessary,as is determining the effects that peer feedback has on students and the variables that might affect how successful peer feedback is.This paper focuses on the usefulness of peer feedback for L2 writing,based on a review of studies on the subject.The findings imply that the functions of peer and teacher feedback are distinct,and that peer feedback is advantageous to both parties,particularly to the supplier.The attitudes and cultural backgrounds of the students are among the other factors that affect how effective peer feedback is.Lastly,some implications for future research and education are presented.展开更多
Background Internet gaming disorder(IGD)is a mental health issue that affects individuals worldwide.However,the lack of knowledge about the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD has restricted the diagnosi...Background Internet gaming disorder(IGD)is a mental health issue that affects individuals worldwide.However,the lack of knowledge about the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD has restricted the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.Aims We aimed to reveal the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD through resting-state brain network analysis and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.Methods Twenty-six patients with IGD,23 excessive internet game users(EIUs)who recurrently played internet games but were not diagnosed with IGD and 29 healthy controls(HCs)performed delay discounting task(DDT)and Iowa gambling task(IGT).Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)data were also collected.Results Patients with IGD exhibited significantly lower hubness in the right medial orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus(ORBsupmed)than both the EIU and the HC groups.Additionally,the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be positively correlated with the highest excessive internet gaming degree during the past year in the EIU group but not the IGD group;this might be the protective mechanism that prevents EIUs from becoming addicted to internet games.Moreover,the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be related to the treatment outcome of patients with IGD,with higher hubness of this region indicating better recovery when undergoing forced abstinence.Further modelling analysis of the DDT and IGT showed that patients with IGD displayed higher impulsivity during the decision-making process,and impulsivity-related parameters were negatively correlated with the hubness of right ORBsupmed.Conclusions Our findings revealed that the impulsivity-related right ORBsupmed hubness could serve as a potential biomarker of IGD and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.展开更多
Exploring low-cost and earth-abundant oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalyst is essential for fuel cells and metal–air batteries.Among them,non-metal nanocarbon with multiple advantages of low cost,abundance,h...Exploring low-cost and earth-abundant oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalyst is essential for fuel cells and metal–air batteries.Among them,non-metal nanocarbon with multiple advantages of low cost,abundance,high conductivity,good durability,and competitive activity has attracted intense interest in recent years.The enhanced ORR activities of the nanocarbons are normally thought to originate from heteroatom(e.g.,N,B,P,or S)doping or various induced defects.However,in practice,carbon-based materials usually contain both dopants and defects.In this regard,in terms of the co-engineering of heteroatom doping and defect inducing,we present an overview of recent advances in developing non-metal carbon-based electrocatalysts for the ORR.The characteristics,ORR performance,and the related mechanism of these functionalized nanocarbons by heteroatom doping,defect inducing,and in particular their synergistic promotion effect are emphatically analyzed and discussed.Finally,the current issues and perspectives in developing carbon-based electrocatalysts from both of heteroatom doping and defect engineering are proposed.This review will be beneficial for the rational design and manufacturing of highly efficient carbon-based materials for electrocatalysis.展开更多
Thin films of perovskite deposited from solution inevitably introduce large number of defects,which serve as recombination centers and are detrimental for solar cell performance.Although many small molecules and polym...Thin films of perovskite deposited from solution inevitably introduce large number of defects,which serve as recombination centers and are detrimental for solar cell performance.Although many small molecules and polymers have been delicately designed to migrate defects of perovskite films,exploiting credible passivation agents based on natural materials would offer an alternative approach.Here,an ecofriendly and cost-effective biomaterial,ploy-L-lysine(PLL),is identified to effectively passivate the defects of perovskite films prepared by blade-coating.It is found that incorporation of a small amount(2.5 mg mL^(-1))of PLL significantly boosts the performance of printed devices,yielding a high efficiency of 19.45% with an increase in open-circuit voltage by up to 100 mV.Density functional theory calculations combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the functional groups(-NH2,-COOH)of PLL effectively migrate the Pb-I antisite defects via Pb-N coordination and suppress the formation of metallic Pb in the blade-coated perovskite film.This work suggests a viable avenue to exploit passivation agents from natural materials for preparation of high-quality perovskite layers for optoelectronic applications.展开更多
With an ever increasing energy demand and environmental issues, many state-of-the-art nanostructured electrode materials have been developed for energy storage devices and they include batteries, supercapacitors and f...With an ever increasing energy demand and environmental issues, many state-of-the-art nanostructured electrode materials have been developed for energy storage devices and they include batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. Among these electrode materials, L-TMD （layered transition metal dichalcogenide） nanosheets （especially, S （sulfur） and Se （selenium） based dichaleogenides） have received a lot of attention due to their intriguing layered structure for enhanced electrochemical properties. L-TMD composites have recently been investigated not only as a main charge storage specie but also, as a substrate to hold the active specie. This review highlights the recent advancements in L-TMD composites with 0D （0-dimensional）, 1 D, 2D, 3D and various forms of carbon structures and their potential applications in LIB （lithium ion battery） and SIB （sodium ion battery）.展开更多
A rapid and sensitive method based on ultrafast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan 111, and Sudan IV levels in rat who...A rapid and sensitive method based on ultrafast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan 111, and Sudan IV levels in rat whole blood. Cleanert C18 mixed-mode polymeric sorbent was used for effective solid-phase extraction cleanup. Separation was carried out on a reversed-phase C18 column （100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8 pro） using 0.1% （v/v） formic acid in water/0.] % （v/v） formic acid in acetonitrile as the mobile phase in gradient elution. Quantification was performed by an electrospray ionization source in the positive multiple reaction monitoring mode using Ds-Sudan I as the internal standard. Calibration curves showed good linearity between 0.2 and 20.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9990. The average recovery rates were between 93.05% and 114.98%. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were within 6.2%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/L. All the analytes were found to be stable in a series of stability studies. The proposed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of four Sudan dyes after oral administration to rats.展开更多
Aiming at the signal bandwidth design problem for multi-target imaging task,a kind of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)radar waveform design method is proposed.At first,the closed-loop feedback between the range pr...Aiming at the signal bandwidth design problem for multi-target imaging task,a kind of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)radar waveform design method is proposed.At first,the closed-loop feedback between the range profile and the signal bandwidth,which can design the minimum bandwidth of a transmitting signal that can distinguish each scatterer of the target in range direction,is established.Then,considering the request of beam pattern and the bandwidth limitation,a waveform optimization model is established and solved.Therefore,the multi-target observation and the dynamic adjustment of the signal bandwidth are accomplished.In the end,the simulation results prove the performance of the algorithm in a low SNR circumstance.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of resource allocation for digital array radar（ DAR）,a dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the integrated priority of different radar tasks is designed,which ensures t...Aiming at the problem of resource allocation for digital array radar（ DAR）,a dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the integrated priority of different radar tasks is designed,which ensures that the imaging tasks are scheduled without affecting the search and tracking tasks; Then,the optimal scheduling model of radar resource is established according to the constraints of pulse interleaving; Finally,a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the problem and a sparse-aperture cognitive ISAR imaging method is used to achieve partial precision tracking target imaging. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can both improve the performance of the radar system,and generate satisfactory imaging results.展开更多
This article uses the literature data method and literature review method to review and collect relevant literature,and summarizes and analyzes the representative views on domestic physical fitness research.After summ...This article uses the literature data method and literature review method to review and collect relevant literature,and summarizes and analyzes the representative views on domestic physical fitness research.After summarizing and summarizing,it is considered that:physical energy is the basic athletic ability of the human body expressed through physical qualities such as strength,speed,endurance,coordination,flexibility,and sensitivity,and is an important component of athletes'athletic ability.The level of physical fitness is closely related to the morphological characteristics of the human body and the functional characteristics of the human body.The morphological characteristics of the human body are the structural basis of its physical fitness,and the functional characteristics of the human body are its biological functional basis.As the basic ability of athletes,physical fitness is an important factor of athletes'competitive ability.Each competitive sport has its own specific physical characteristics and training rules and methods.Grasping these laws has very important guiding significance for the improvement of athletes'sports level.展开更多
This study takes the physical education majors of Yichun College of Physical Education as the research object,and makes use of the mathematical statistics,method of questionnaire,method of interview versus literature ...This study takes the physical education majors of Yichun College of Physical Education as the research object,and makes use of the mathematical statistics,method of questionnaire,method of interview versus literature method to conduct sports consumption from the basic situation of sports consumption and sports consumption level of the students.Research and analysis,to understand the current situation of sports consumption of the students.The research results show that the sports consumption expenditure of the professional students has a higher proportion in the overall consumption,and the sports consumption behavior is more frequent,but there are big differences in the purpose and consumption classification of sports consumption.This survey can provide targeted opinions for the physical education students of Yichun College and the sports consumption of colleges and universities nationwide,and also than I hope to provide a feasible reference for the development of China's sports industry.展开更多
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technol...[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.展开更多
Tetralin-1-carboxamides are frequently incorporated in myriad medicinally important molecules.However,their existing synthetic routes not only suffer from some drawbacks such as tedious procedures,harsh reaction condi...Tetralin-1-carboxamides are frequently incorporated in myriad medicinally important molecules.However,their existing synthetic routes not only suffer from some drawbacks such as tedious procedures,harsh reaction conditions,narrow substrate scope,low yields,and environmental problems,but are also based upon the elaboration of uneasily available non-linear tetralin derivatives.Herein,we describe a metal-and additive-free visible light-induced[4+2]annulation of two simple linear starting materials,namely acrylamides and 2-benzyl-2-bromocarbonyls,through a cascade C(sp^(3))-Br/C(sp^(2))-H bond cleavage,double C-C bond formation,and aromatization sequence.The developed protocol provides a convenient,efficient,and green approach to a variety of tetralin-1-carboxamide derivatives with good functional group compatibility.Importantly,the resulting products could also undergo the Licl-mediated mono-decarboxylative cyclization process to further furnish the architecturally novel bridged polycyclic imides with excellentcis-diastereoselectivities.展开更多
Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)are a group of diseases associated with poverty that affect over 1 billion people worldwide(1).On May 31,2021,the World Health Assembly(WHA)officially recognized January 30 as World Ne...Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)are a group of diseases associated with poverty that affect over 1 billion people worldwide(1).On May 31,2021,the World Health Assembly(WHA)officially recognized January 30 as World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day through decision WHA74(18).This designation aims to raise awareness about the severe impact of NTDs on disadvantaged populations and to mobilize support for control,elimination,and eradication efforts.展开更多
Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important leguminous oil and economic crop that produces flowers aboveground and fruits belowground.Subterranean fruit-pod development,which significantly affects peanut production,inv...Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important leguminous oil and economic crop that produces flowers aboveground and fruits belowground.Subterranean fruit-pod development,which significantly affects peanut production,involves complex molecular mechanisms that likely require the coordinated regulation of multiple genes in different tissues.To investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie peanut fruitpod development,we characterized the anatomical features of early fruit-pod development and integrated single-nucleus RNA-sequencing(snRNA-seq)and single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(snATAC-seq)data at the single-cell level.We identified distinct cell types,such as meristem,embryo,vascular tissue,cuticular layer,and stele cells within the shell wall.These specific cell types were used to examine potential molecular changes unique to each cell type during pivotal stages of fruit-pod development.snRNA-seq analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed cell-type-specific insights that were not previously obtainable from transcriptome analyses of bulk RNA.For instance,we identified MADS-box genes that contributes to the formation of parenchyma cells and gravity-related genes that are present in the vascular cells,indicating an essential role for the vascular cells in peg gravitropism.Overall,our single-nucleus analysis provides comprehensive and novel information on specific cell types,gene expression,and chromatin accessibility during the early stages of fruit-pod development.This information will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie fruit-pod development in peanut and contribute to efforts aimed at improving peanut production.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe synovial inflammation and cartilage damage.Despite great progress in RA therapy,there still lacks the drugs to completely cure RA patients.Herei...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe synovial inflammation and cartilage damage.Despite great progress in RA therapy,there still lacks the drugs to completely cure RA patients.Herein,we propose a reprogrammed neutrophil cytopharmaceuticals loading with TNFα-targeting-siRNA(siTNFα)as an alternative anti-inflammatory approach for RA treatment.The loaded siTNFαact as not only the gene therapeutics to inhibit TNFαproduction by macrophages in inflamed synovium,but also the editors to reprogram neutrophils to anti-inflammatory phenotypes.Leveraging the active tendency of neutrophils to inflammation,the reprogrammed siTNFα/neutrophil cytopharmaceuticals(siTNFα/TP/NEs)can rapidly migrate to the inflamed synovium,transfer the loaded siTNFαto macrophages followed by the significant reduction of TNFαexpression,and circumvent the pro-inflammatory activity of neutrophils,thus leading to the alleviated synovial inflammation and improved cartilage protection.Our work provides a promising cytopharmaceutical for RA treatment,and puts forward a living neutrophil-based gene delivery platform.展开更多
Solar forecasting is of great importance for ensuring safe and stable operations of the power system with increased solar power integration,thus numerous models have been presented and reviewed to predict solar irradi...Solar forecasting is of great importance for ensuring safe and stable operations of the power system with increased solar power integration,thus numerous models have been presented and reviewed to predict solar irradiance and power forecasting in the past decade.Nevertheless,few studies take into account the temporal and spatial resolutions along with specific characteristics of the models.Therefore,this paper aims to demonstrate a comprehensive and systematic review to further solve these problems.First,five classifications and seven pre-processing methods of solar forecasting data are systematically reviewed,which are significant in improving forecasting accuracy.Then,various methods utilized in solar irradiance and power forecasting are thoroughly summarized and discussed,in which 128 algorithms are elaborated in tables in the light of input variables,temporal resolution,spatial resolution,forecast variables,metrics,and characteristics for a more fair and comprehensive comparison.Moreover,they are categorized into four groups,namely,statistical,physical,hybrid,and others with relevant application conditions and features.Meanwhile,six categories,along with 30 evaluation criteria,are summarized to clarify the major purposes/applicability of the different methods.The prominent merit of this study is that a total of seven perspectives and trends for further research in solar forecasting are identified,which aim to help readers more effectively utilize these approaches for future in-depth research.展开更多
Simultaneous elimination of As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ) from wastewater is still a great challenge.In this work,an iron-sulfur codoped biochar (Fe/S-BC) was successfully fabricated in a simplified way and was applied to the rem...Simultaneous elimination of As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ) from wastewater is still a great challenge.In this work,an iron-sulfur codoped biochar (Fe/S-BC) was successfully fabricated in a simplified way and was applied to the remediate the co-pollution of As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ).The positive enthalpy indicated that the adsorption in As-Pb co-pollution was an endothermic reaction.The mechanism of As(Ⅲ) removal could be illustrated by surface complexation,oxidation and precipitation.In addition to precipitation and complexation,the elimination mechanism of Pb(Ⅱ) also contained ion exchange and electrostatic interactions.Competitive and synergistic effects existed simultaneously in the co-contamination system.The suppression of As(Ⅲ) was ascribed to competitive complexation of the two metals on Fe/S-BC,while the synergy of Pb(Ⅱ) was attributed to the formation of the PbFe2(AsO_(4))2(OH)2.Batch experiments revealed that Fe/S-BC had outstanding ability to remove As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ),regardless of pH dependency and interference by various coexisting ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of the Fe/S-BC for As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ) were 91.2 mg/g and 631.7 mg/g,respectively.Fe/S-BC could be treated as a novel candidate for the elimination of As(Ⅲ)-Pb(Ⅱ) combined pollution.展开更多
The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health.Strikingly,more than 28000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence.Armed with ...The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health.Strikingly,more than 28000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence.Armed with experience from previous epidemics in the last two decades,clinicians,scientists,officials,and citizens in China are all contributing to the prevention of further 2019-nCoV transmission.Efficient preliminary work has enabled us to understand the basic characteristics of 2019-nCoV,but there are still many unanswered questions.It is too early now to judge our performance in this outbreak.Continuous and strengthened efforts should be made not only during the epidemic,but also afterwards in order to prepare for any incoming challenges.展开更多
Antral follicles are present in the ovaries throughout gestation. These follicles are 'physically immature' and cannot ovulate under the induction of LH/hCG. The purpose of the present study is to examine whet...Antral follicles are present in the ovaries throughout gestation. These follicles are 'physically immature' and cannot ovulate under the induction of LH/hCG. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether follicles in pregnant rat ovaries are capable of steroidogen-esis. StAR is believed to be the key regulator of steroid hormone biosynthesis. Antisense展开更多
文摘Peer feedback is a widely utilized practice in writing classrooms for second languages(L2)that has drawn a lot of attention.While some support the practice because of the clear advantages that peer feedback offers students,others doubt its efficacy.Comparing various forms of feedback is therefore necessary,as is determining the effects that peer feedback has on students and the variables that might affect how successful peer feedback is.This paper focuses on the usefulness of peer feedback for L2 writing,based on a review of studies on the subject.The findings imply that the functions of peer and teacher feedback are distinct,and that peer feedback is advantageous to both parties,particularly to the supplier.The attitudes and cultural backgrounds of the students are among the other factors that affect how effective peer feedback is.Lastly,some implications for future research and education are presented.
基金This work was supported by grants from The Chinese National Programs for Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology(2021ZD0202101)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171080,32161143022,71942003,31900766 and 71874170)+3 种基金the Major Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research,Ministry of Education of China(19JZD010)the CAS-VPST Silk Road Science Fund 2021(GLHZ202128)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(2020HSC-CIP001)the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project(202004b11020013).
文摘Background Internet gaming disorder(IGD)is a mental health issue that affects individuals worldwide.However,the lack of knowledge about the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD has restricted the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.Aims We aimed to reveal the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD through resting-state brain network analysis and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.Methods Twenty-six patients with IGD,23 excessive internet game users(EIUs)who recurrently played internet games but were not diagnosed with IGD and 29 healthy controls(HCs)performed delay discounting task(DDT)and Iowa gambling task(IGT).Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)data were also collected.Results Patients with IGD exhibited significantly lower hubness in the right medial orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus(ORBsupmed)than both the EIU and the HC groups.Additionally,the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be positively correlated with the highest excessive internet gaming degree during the past year in the EIU group but not the IGD group;this might be the protective mechanism that prevents EIUs from becoming addicted to internet games.Moreover,the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be related to the treatment outcome of patients with IGD,with higher hubness of this region indicating better recovery when undergoing forced abstinence.Further modelling analysis of the DDT and IGT showed that patients with IGD displayed higher impulsivity during the decision-making process,and impulsivity-related parameters were negatively correlated with the hubness of right ORBsupmed.Conclusions Our findings revealed that the impulsivity-related right ORBsupmed hubness could serve as a potential biomarker of IGD and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802104)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion(FSKLCCA2008)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing(Wuhan University of Technology)(2021-KF-4).
文摘Exploring low-cost and earth-abundant oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalyst is essential for fuel cells and metal–air batteries.Among them,non-metal nanocarbon with multiple advantages of low cost,abundance,high conductivity,good durability,and competitive activity has attracted intense interest in recent years.The enhanced ORR activities of the nanocarbons are normally thought to originate from heteroatom(e.g.,N,B,P,or S)doping or various induced defects.However,in practice,carbon-based materials usually contain both dopants and defects.In this regard,in terms of the co-engineering of heteroatom doping and defect inducing,we present an overview of recent advances in developing non-metal carbon-based electrocatalysts for the ORR.The characteristics,ORR performance,and the related mechanism of these functionalized nanocarbons by heteroatom doping,defect inducing,and in particular their synergistic promotion effect are emphatically analyzed and discussed.Finally,the current issues and perspectives in developing carbon-based electrocatalysts from both of heteroatom doping and defect engineering are proposed.This review will be beneficial for the rational design and manufacturing of highly efficient carbon-based materials for electrocatalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61705090,11804117)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515010853)。
文摘Thin films of perovskite deposited from solution inevitably introduce large number of defects,which serve as recombination centers and are detrimental for solar cell performance.Although many small molecules and polymers have been delicately designed to migrate defects of perovskite films,exploiting credible passivation agents based on natural materials would offer an alternative approach.Here,an ecofriendly and cost-effective biomaterial,ploy-L-lysine(PLL),is identified to effectively passivate the defects of perovskite films prepared by blade-coating.It is found that incorporation of a small amount(2.5 mg mL^(-1))of PLL significantly boosts the performance of printed devices,yielding a high efficiency of 19.45% with an increase in open-circuit voltage by up to 100 mV.Density functional theory calculations combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the functional groups(-NH2,-COOH)of PLL effectively migrate the Pb-I antisite defects via Pb-N coordination and suppress the formation of metallic Pb in the blade-coated perovskite film.This work suggests a viable avenue to exploit passivation agents from natural materials for preparation of high-quality perovskite layers for optoelectronic applications.
文摘With an ever increasing energy demand and environmental issues, many state-of-the-art nanostructured electrode materials have been developed for energy storage devices and they include batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. Among these electrode materials, L-TMD （layered transition metal dichalcogenide） nanosheets （especially, S （sulfur） and Se （selenium） based dichaleogenides） have received a lot of attention due to their intriguing layered structure for enhanced electrochemical properties. L-TMD composites have recently been investigated not only as a main charge storage specie but also, as a substrate to hold the active specie. This review highlights the recent advancements in L-TMD composites with 0D （0-dimensional）, 1 D, 2D, 3D and various forms of carbon structures and their potential applications in LIB （lithium ion battery） and SIB （sodium ion battery）.
基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. LY13B050003)the Zhejiang Provincial Analytical Foundation of China (No. 2013C37089)+3 种基金the Zhejiang Province Medical Health Foundation, China (No. 2013KYA187)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation in Zhejiang (No. 2011A610058)the Advanced Key Program of Agriculture and Social Development Funds of Ningbo, China (No. 2011C11021)the Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of High-level Innovative Health Talents (No. 2011H1132) for financial support of this research
文摘A rapid and sensitive method based on ultrafast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan 111, and Sudan IV levels in rat whole blood. Cleanert C18 mixed-mode polymeric sorbent was used for effective solid-phase extraction cleanup. Separation was carried out on a reversed-phase C18 column （100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8 pro） using 0.1% （v/v） formic acid in water/0.] % （v/v） formic acid in acetonitrile as the mobile phase in gradient elution. Quantification was performed by an electrospray ionization source in the positive multiple reaction monitoring mode using Ds-Sudan I as the internal standard. Calibration curves showed good linearity between 0.2 and 20.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9990. The average recovery rates were between 93.05% and 114.98%. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were within 6.2%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/L. All the analytes were found to be stable in a series of stability studies. The proposed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of four Sudan dyes after oral administration to rats.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61631019)
文摘Aiming at the signal bandwidth design problem for multi-target imaging task,a kind of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)radar waveform design method is proposed.At first,the closed-loop feedback between the range profile and the signal bandwidth,which can design the minimum bandwidth of a transmitting signal that can distinguish each scatterer of the target in range direction,is established.Then,considering the request of beam pattern and the bandwidth limitation,a waveform optimization model is established and solved.Therefore,the multi-target observation and the dynamic adjustment of the signal bandwidth are accomplished.In the end,the simulation results prove the performance of the algorithm in a low SNR circumstance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61471386)
文摘Aiming at the problem of resource allocation for digital array radar（ DAR）,a dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the integrated priority of different radar tasks is designed,which ensures that the imaging tasks are scheduled without affecting the search and tracking tasks; Then,the optimal scheduling model of radar resource is established according to the constraints of pulse interleaving; Finally,a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the problem and a sparse-aperture cognitive ISAR imaging method is used to achieve partial precision tracking target imaging. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can both improve the performance of the radar system,and generate satisfactory imaging results.
文摘This article uses the literature data method and literature review method to review and collect relevant literature,and summarizes and analyzes the representative views on domestic physical fitness research.After summarizing and summarizing,it is considered that:physical energy is the basic athletic ability of the human body expressed through physical qualities such as strength,speed,endurance,coordination,flexibility,and sensitivity,and is an important component of athletes'athletic ability.The level of physical fitness is closely related to the morphological characteristics of the human body and the functional characteristics of the human body.The morphological characteristics of the human body are the structural basis of its physical fitness,and the functional characteristics of the human body are its biological functional basis.As the basic ability of athletes,physical fitness is an important factor of athletes'competitive ability.Each competitive sport has its own specific physical characteristics and training rules and methods.Grasping these laws has very important guiding significance for the improvement of athletes'sports level.
文摘This study takes the physical education majors of Yichun College of Physical Education as the research object,and makes use of the mathematical statistics,method of questionnaire,method of interview versus literature method to conduct sports consumption from the basic situation of sports consumption and sports consumption level of the students.Research and analysis,to understand the current situation of sports consumption of the students.The research results show that the sports consumption expenditure of the professional students has a higher proportion in the overall consumption,and the sports consumption behavior is more frequent,but there are big differences in the purpose and consumption classification of sports consumption.This survey can provide targeted opinions for the physical education students of Yichun College and the sports consumption of colleges and universities nationwide,and also than I hope to provide a feasible reference for the development of China's sports industry.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program(2015SZ-0034)Innovative Research Project for 2016 Graduate in Southwest University for Nationalities(CX2016SZ013)
文摘[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101237,22171233)the Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(Nos.2022YFS0608,2022NSFSC1219)+1 种基金the Open Project Program of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(Nos.HYX21003,HYX22008)the research fund of Southwest Medical University(2021ZKMS042).
文摘Tetralin-1-carboxamides are frequently incorporated in myriad medicinally important molecules.However,their existing synthetic routes not only suffer from some drawbacks such as tedious procedures,harsh reaction conditions,narrow substrate scope,low yields,and environmental problems,but are also based upon the elaboration of uneasily available non-linear tetralin derivatives.Herein,we describe a metal-and additive-free visible light-induced[4+2]annulation of two simple linear starting materials,namely acrylamides and 2-benzyl-2-bromocarbonyls,through a cascade C(sp^(3))-Br/C(sp^(2))-H bond cleavage,double C-C bond formation,and aromatization sequence.The developed protocol provides a convenient,efficient,and green approach to a variety of tetralin-1-carboxamide derivatives with good functional group compatibility.Importantly,the resulting products could also undergo the Licl-mediated mono-decarboxylative cyclization process to further furnish the architecturally novel bridged polycyclic imides with excellentcis-diastereoselectivities.
基金This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program.China(Grant No.2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32161143036,No.62261160387,No.82173633).
文摘Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)are a group of diseases associated with poverty that affect over 1 billion people worldwide(1).On May 31,2021,the World Health Assembly(WHA)officially recognized January 30 as World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day through decision WHA74(18).This designation aims to raise awareness about the severe impact of NTDs on disadvantaged populations and to mobilize support for control,elimination,and eradication efforts.
基金supported by grants from the Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(tsqn202103161)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR202103010405)+3 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(ZR202211070163)the Foundation of President of the Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences(ZR202211070163)the Peanut Seed Industry Project in Shandong Province,China(2022LZGC007)to X.LIt was also funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Key Program(32230006)to X.W.D.
文摘Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important leguminous oil and economic crop that produces flowers aboveground and fruits belowground.Subterranean fruit-pod development,which significantly affects peanut production,involves complex molecular mechanisms that likely require the coordinated regulation of multiple genes in different tissues.To investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie peanut fruitpod development,we characterized the anatomical features of early fruit-pod development and integrated single-nucleus RNA-sequencing(snRNA-seq)and single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(snATAC-seq)data at the single-cell level.We identified distinct cell types,such as meristem,embryo,vascular tissue,cuticular layer,and stele cells within the shell wall.These specific cell types were used to examine potential molecular changes unique to each cell type during pivotal stages of fruit-pod development.snRNA-seq analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed cell-type-specific insights that were not previously obtainable from transcriptome analyses of bulk RNA.For instance,we identified MADS-box genes that contributes to the formation of parenchyma cells and gravity-related genes that are present in the vascular cells,indicating an essential role for the vascular cells in peg gravitropism.Overall,our single-nucleus analysis provides comprehensive and novel information on specific cell types,gene expression,and chromatin accessibility during the early stages of fruit-pod development.This information will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie fruit-pod development in peanut and contribute to efforts aimed at improving peanut production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930099,82073785,82130102,92159304,81773664)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20212011,China)+3 种基金“Double First-Class”University project(CPU2018GY47,China)111 Project from the Ministry of Education of Chinathe State Administration of Foreign Expert Affairs of China(No.111-2-07,B17047,China)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines(No.SKLNMZZ202223,China)。
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe synovial inflammation and cartilage damage.Despite great progress in RA therapy,there still lacks the drugs to completely cure RA patients.Herein,we propose a reprogrammed neutrophil cytopharmaceuticals loading with TNFα-targeting-siRNA(siTNFα)as an alternative anti-inflammatory approach for RA treatment.The loaded siTNFαact as not only the gene therapeutics to inhibit TNFαproduction by macrophages in inflamed synovium,but also the editors to reprogram neutrophils to anti-inflammatory phenotypes.Leveraging the active tendency of neutrophils to inflammation,the reprogrammed siTNFα/neutrophil cytopharmaceuticals(siTNFα/TP/NEs)can rapidly migrate to the inflamed synovium,transfer the loaded siTNFαto macrophages followed by the significant reduction of TNFαexpression,and circumvent the pro-inflammatory activity of neutrophils,thus leading to the alleviated synovial inflammation and improved cartilage protection.Our work provides a promising cytopharmaceutical for RA treatment,and puts forward a living neutrophil-based gene delivery platform.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61963020,52037003)Key Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(202002AF080001)Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(Research on Demand Strategies of Multi-source Interconnected Distribution Network and Diversified Power Consumption in Energy Internet).
文摘Solar forecasting is of great importance for ensuring safe and stable operations of the power system with increased solar power integration,thus numerous models have been presented and reviewed to predict solar irradiance and power forecasting in the past decade.Nevertheless,few studies take into account the temporal and spatial resolutions along with specific characteristics of the models.Therefore,this paper aims to demonstrate a comprehensive and systematic review to further solve these problems.First,five classifications and seven pre-processing methods of solar forecasting data are systematically reviewed,which are significant in improving forecasting accuracy.Then,various methods utilized in solar irradiance and power forecasting are thoroughly summarized and discussed,in which 128 algorithms are elaborated in tables in the light of input variables,temporal resolution,spatial resolution,forecast variables,metrics,and characteristics for a more fair and comprehensive comparison.Moreover,they are categorized into four groups,namely,statistical,physical,hybrid,and others with relevant application conditions and features.Meanwhile,six categories,along with 30 evaluation criteria,are summarized to clarify the major purposes/applicability of the different methods.The prominent merit of this study is that a total of seven perspectives and trends for further research in solar forecasting are identified,which aim to help readers more effectively utilize these approaches for future in-depth research.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC1802803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21677041)the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou City, China (No. 202103000018)。
文摘Simultaneous elimination of As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ) from wastewater is still a great challenge.In this work,an iron-sulfur codoped biochar (Fe/S-BC) was successfully fabricated in a simplified way and was applied to the remediate the co-pollution of As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ).The positive enthalpy indicated that the adsorption in As-Pb co-pollution was an endothermic reaction.The mechanism of As(Ⅲ) removal could be illustrated by surface complexation,oxidation and precipitation.In addition to precipitation and complexation,the elimination mechanism of Pb(Ⅱ) also contained ion exchange and electrostatic interactions.Competitive and synergistic effects existed simultaneously in the co-contamination system.The suppression of As(Ⅲ) was ascribed to competitive complexation of the two metals on Fe/S-BC,while the synergy of Pb(Ⅱ) was attributed to the formation of the PbFe2(AsO_(4))2(OH)2.Batch experiments revealed that Fe/S-BC had outstanding ability to remove As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ),regardless of pH dependency and interference by various coexisting ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of the Fe/S-BC for As(Ⅲ) and Pb(Ⅱ) were 91.2 mg/g and 631.7 mg/g,respectively.Fe/S-BC could be treated as a novel candidate for the elimination of As(Ⅲ)-Pb(Ⅱ) combined pollution.
文摘The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health.Strikingly,more than 28000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence.Armed with experience from previous epidemics in the last two decades,clinicians,scientists,officials,and citizens in China are all contributing to the prevention of further 2019-nCoV transmission.Efficient preliminary work has enabled us to understand the basic characteristics of 2019-nCoV,but there are still many unanswered questions.It is too early now to judge our performance in this outbreak.Continuous and strengthened efforts should be made not only during the epidemic,but also afterwards in order to prepare for any incoming challenges.
文摘Antral follicles are present in the ovaries throughout gestation. These follicles are 'physically immature' and cannot ovulate under the induction of LH/hCG. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether follicles in pregnant rat ovaries are capable of steroidogen-esis. StAR is believed to be the key regulator of steroid hormone biosynthesis. Antisense
