The protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2(CNKSR2),present in both the postsynaptic density and cytoplasm of neurons,is a scaffolding protein with several protein-binding domains.Variants of the CNKS...The protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2(CNKSR2),present in both the postsynaptic density and cytoplasm of neurons,is a scaffolding protein with several protein-binding domains.Variants of the CNKSR2 gene have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders,particularly intellectual disability,although the precise mechanism involved has not yet been fully understood.Research has demonstrated that CNKSR2 plays a role in facilitating the localization of postsynaptic density protein complexes to the membrane,thereby influencing synaptic signaling and the morphogenesis of dendritic spines.However,the function of CNKSR2 in the cytoplasm remains to be elucidated.In this study,we used immunoprecipitation and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the interactors of CNKSR2.Through a combination of bioinformatic analysis and cytological experiments,we found that the CNKSR2 interactors were significantly enriched in the proteome of the centrosome.We also showed that CNKSR2 interacted with the microtubule protein DYNC1H1 and with the centrosome marker CEP290.Subsequent colocalization analysis confirmed the centrosomal localization of CNKSR2.When we downregulated CNKSR2 expression in mouse neuroblastoma cells(Neuro 2A),we observed significant changes in the expression of numerous centrosomal genes.This manipulation also affected centrosome-related functions,including cell size and shape,cell proliferation,and motility.Furthermore,we found that CNKSR2 interactors were highly enriched in de novo variants associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.Our findings establish a connection between CNKSR2 and the centrosome,and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders.展开更多
The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O...The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis systems.Now,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,respectively.In addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)O.We show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.展开更多
Exploring high efficiency S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with strong redox ability for removing volatile organic compounds from the air is of great interest and importance.However,how to predict and regulate t...Exploring high efficiency S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with strong redox ability for removing volatile organic compounds from the air is of great interest and importance.However,how to predict and regulate the transport of photogenerated carriers in heterojunctions is a great challenge.Here,density functional theory calculations were first used to successfully predict the formation of a CdS quantum dots/InVO_(4)atomic-layer(110)/(110)facet S-scheme heterojunction.Subsequently,a CdS quantum dots/InVO_(4)atomic-layer was synthesized by in-situ loading of CdS quantum dots with(110)facets onto the(110)facets of InVO_(4)atomic-layer.As a result of the deliberately constructed built-in electric field between the adjoining facets,we obtain a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate for ethylene.This rate is 13.8 times that of pure CdS and 13.2 times that of pure InVO_(4).In-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were carried out.These experiments validate that the built-in electric field enhanced the dissociation of photoexcited excitons and the separation of free charge carriers,and results in the formation of S-scheme charge transfer pathways.The reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic C_(2)H_(4)oxidation is investigated by in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance.This work provides a mechanistic insight into the construction and optimization of semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for application to environmental remediation.展开更多
The discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO_(2)-based materials with high dielectric constant has inspired tremendous research interest for next-generation electronic devices.Importantly,films structure and strain are ke...The discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO_(2)-based materials with high dielectric constant has inspired tremendous research interest for next-generation electronic devices.Importantly,films structure and strain are key factors in exploration of ferroelectricity in fluorite-type oxide HfO_(2) films.Here we investigate the structures and straininduced ferroelectric transition in different phases of few-layer HfO_(2) films(layer number𝑁=1–5).It is found that HfO_(2) films for all phases are more stable with increasing films thickness.Among them,the Pmn2_(1)(110)-oriented film is most stable,and the films of𝑁=4,5 occur with a𝑃21 ferroelectric transition under tensile strain,resulting in polarization about 11.8μC/cm^(2) along in-plane𝑎-axis.The ferroelectric transition is caused by the strain,which induces the displacement of Hf and O atoms on the surface to non-centrosymmetric positions away from the original paraelectric positions,accompanied by the change of surface Hf–O bond lengths.More importantly,three new stable HfO_(2)2D structures are discovered,together with analyses of computed electronic structures,mechanical,and dielectric properties.This work provides guidance for theoretical and experimental study of the new structures and strain-tuned ferroelectricity in freestanding HfO_(2) films.展开更多
Unexpected delays in train operations can cause a cascade of negative consequences in a high-speed railway system.In such cases,train timetables need to be rescheduled.However,timely and efficient train timetable resc...Unexpected delays in train operations can cause a cascade of negative consequences in a high-speed railway system.In such cases,train timetables need to be rescheduled.However,timely and efficient train timetable rescheduling is still a challenging problem due to its modeling difficulties and low optimization efficiency.This paper presents a Transformer-based macroscopic regulation approach which consists of two stages including Transformer-based modeling and policy-based decisionmaking.Firstly,the relationship between various train schedules and operations is described by creating a macroscopic model with the Transformer,providing the better understanding of overall operation in the high-speed railway system.Then,a policy-based approach is used to solve a continuous decision problem after macro-modeling for fast convergence.Extensive experiments on various delay scenarios are conducted.The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to other popular methods.展开更多
We study the propagation properties of a probe field in an aligned asymmetric triple quantum dot molecule with both sides inter-dot tunneling coupling effect. It is shown that the probe field can form optical soliton ...We study the propagation properties of a probe field in an aligned asymmetric triple quantum dot molecule with both sides inter-dot tunneling coupling effect. It is shown that the probe field can form optical soliton due to the destructive quantum interference induced by the quantum inter-dot tunneling coupling effect. Interestingly, these optical solitons can be stored and retrieved by adjusting single or double inter-dot tunneling coupling effect, different from that light memory in the ultra-cold atom system. Furthermore, we also find that the amplitude of the stored optical soliton can be adjusted by the strength of the single or double inter-dot tunneling coupling. It is possible to improve the stability and the fidelity of the optical information in the process of the storage and retrieval in semiconductor quantum dots devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.32101020(to JL)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Nos.ZR2020MC071(to JL),ZR2023MH327(to HZ)+1 种基金the Integrated Project of Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.92249303(to PL)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao,No.23-2-1-193-zyyd-jch(to HZ)。
文摘The protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2(CNKSR2),present in both the postsynaptic density and cytoplasm of neurons,is a scaffolding protein with several protein-binding domains.Variants of the CNKSR2 gene have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders,particularly intellectual disability,although the precise mechanism involved has not yet been fully understood.Research has demonstrated that CNKSR2 plays a role in facilitating the localization of postsynaptic density protein complexes to the membrane,thereby influencing synaptic signaling and the morphogenesis of dendritic spines.However,the function of CNKSR2 in the cytoplasm remains to be elucidated.In this study,we used immunoprecipitation and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the interactors of CNKSR2.Through a combination of bioinformatic analysis and cytological experiments,we found that the CNKSR2 interactors were significantly enriched in the proteome of the centrosome.We also showed that CNKSR2 interacted with the microtubule protein DYNC1H1 and with the centrosome marker CEP290.Subsequent colocalization analysis confirmed the centrosomal localization of CNKSR2.When we downregulated CNKSR2 expression in mouse neuroblastoma cells(Neuro 2A),we observed significant changes in the expression of numerous centrosomal genes.This manipulation also affected centrosome-related functions,including cell size and shape,cell proliferation,and motility.Furthermore,we found that CNKSR2 interactors were highly enriched in de novo variants associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.Our findings establish a connection between CNKSR2 and the centrosome,and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders.
基金supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515011832 and 2021A1515110676)supported by GDAS’Project of Science and Technology Development(2022GDASZH-2022010104,2022GDASZH-2022030604-04).
文摘The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis systems.Now,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,respectively.In addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)O.We show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21902046,21801071,12174092,U21A20500)Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation(D18025)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial(Grant No.2018CFB171)Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau(2020010601012163)Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.D20221001)the open foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry,Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Exploring high efficiency S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with strong redox ability for removing volatile organic compounds from the air is of great interest and importance.However,how to predict and regulate the transport of photogenerated carriers in heterojunctions is a great challenge.Here,density functional theory calculations were first used to successfully predict the formation of a CdS quantum dots/InVO_(4)atomic-layer(110)/(110)facet S-scheme heterojunction.Subsequently,a CdS quantum dots/InVO_(4)atomic-layer was synthesized by in-situ loading of CdS quantum dots with(110)facets onto the(110)facets of InVO_(4)atomic-layer.As a result of the deliberately constructed built-in electric field between the adjoining facets,we obtain a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate for ethylene.This rate is 13.8 times that of pure CdS and 13.2 times that of pure InVO_(4).In-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were carried out.These experiments validate that the built-in electric field enhanced the dissociation of photoexcited excitons and the separation of free charge carriers,and results in the formation of S-scheme charge transfer pathways.The reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic C_(2)H_(4)oxidation is investigated by in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance.This work provides a mechanistic insight into the construction and optimization of semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for application to environmental remediation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4402600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074241,11929401,52130204,12311530675,and 52271007)+5 种基金Key Research Project of Zhejiang Lab(Grant No.2021PE0AC02)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant Nos.22XD1400900,20501130600,21JC1402700,and 21JC1402600)supports from the open projects of Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials(Anhui University of Technology),Ministry of Education(Grant No.GFST2022KF08)State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics(Fudan University)(Grant No.KF202210)State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.SITP-NLIST-YB-2022-08)the support of China Scholarship Council,and thanks Mr.Xiaowen Shi(from HZWTECH)for helpful discussions.
文摘The discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO_(2)-based materials with high dielectric constant has inspired tremendous research interest for next-generation electronic devices.Importantly,films structure and strain are key factors in exploration of ferroelectricity in fluorite-type oxide HfO_(2) films.Here we investigate the structures and straininduced ferroelectric transition in different phases of few-layer HfO_(2) films(layer number𝑁=1–5).It is found that HfO_(2) films for all phases are more stable with increasing films thickness.Among them,the Pmn2_(1)(110)-oriented film is most stable,and the films of𝑁=4,5 occur with a𝑃21 ferroelectric transition under tensile strain,resulting in polarization about 11.8μC/cm^(2) along in-plane𝑎-axis.The ferroelectric transition is caused by the strain,which induces the displacement of Hf and O atoms on the surface to non-centrosymmetric positions away from the original paraelectric positions,accompanied by the change of surface Hf–O bond lengths.More importantly,three new stable HfO_(2)2D structures are discovered,together with analyses of computed electronic structures,mechanical,and dielectric properties.This work provides guidance for theoretical and experimental study of the new structures and strain-tuned ferroelectricity in freestanding HfO_(2) films.
基金Supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Natural Science Foundation Projects(51806231)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB35000000,XDB35040102)。
基金supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61790573,61790575)the Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology(RITS2019KF03)+3 种基金China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedChina Railway Project(N2019G020)China Railway Project(L2022X002)the Key Project of Science and Technology Research Plan of China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.Ltd.(2022YJ326)。
文摘Unexpected delays in train operations can cause a cascade of negative consequences in a high-speed railway system.In such cases,train timetables need to be rescheduled.However,timely and efficient train timetable rescheduling is still a challenging problem due to its modeling difficulties and low optimization efficiency.This paper presents a Transformer-based macroscopic regulation approach which consists of two stages including Transformer-based modeling and policy-based decisionmaking.Firstly,the relationship between various train schedules and operations is described by creating a macroscopic model with the Transformer,providing the better understanding of overall operation in the high-speed railway system.Then,a policy-based approach is used to solve a continuous decision problem after macro-modeling for fast convergence.Extensive experiments on various delay scenarios are conducted.The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to other popular methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51372214)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2020JJ4240)the Doctoral startup foundation of Hunan Institute of Engineering。
文摘We study the propagation properties of a probe field in an aligned asymmetric triple quantum dot molecule with both sides inter-dot tunneling coupling effect. It is shown that the probe field can form optical soliton due to the destructive quantum interference induced by the quantum inter-dot tunneling coupling effect. Interestingly, these optical solitons can be stored and retrieved by adjusting single or double inter-dot tunneling coupling effect, different from that light memory in the ultra-cold atom system. Furthermore, we also find that the amplitude of the stored optical soliton can be adjusted by the strength of the single or double inter-dot tunneling coupling. It is possible to improve the stability and the fidelity of the optical information in the process of the storage and retrieval in semiconductor quantum dots devices.
