Language security is an important part of national security,and in the current complex international environment,the issue of language security is becoming more and more prominent and has become an unignorable part of...Language security is an important part of national security,and in the current complex international environment,the issue of language security is becoming more and more prominent and has become an unignorable part of national security strategy.As the bridge and link of international communication,foreign language talents’language skills and the level of national security awareness directly affect our country’s international image and the effect of international communication.Therefore,the establishment of a foreign language talent cultivation mode based on the concept of language security is not only an important way to improve the quality of foreign language education but also a realistic need to safeguard national security and promote international exchanges.Starting from the influence of the language security concept on foreign language talent cultivation,this paper analyzes the foreign language talent cultivation mode based on the language security concept,with a view to providing new ideas and methods for the development of foreign language education.展开更多
Background:Data on severe and extensive burns in China are limited,as is data on the prevalence of a range of related gastrointestinal(GI)disorders[such as stress ulcers,delayed defecation,opioid-related bowel immotil...Background:Data on severe and extensive burns in China are limited,as is data on the prevalence of a range of related gastrointestinal(GI)disorders[such as stress ulcers,delayed defecation,opioid-related bowel immotility,and abdominal compartment syndrome(ACS)].We present a multicentre analysis of coincident GI dysfunction and its effect on burn-related mortality.Methods:This retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with severe[≥20%total burn surface area(TBSA)]and extensive(>50%TBSA or>25%full-thickness TBSA)burns admitted to three university teaching institutions in China between January 1,2011 and December 31,2020.Both 30-and 90-day mortality were assessed by collating demographic data,burn causes,admission TBSA,%full-thickness TBSA,Baux score,Abbreviated Burn Severity Index(ABSI)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score,shock at admission and the presence of an inhalation injury.GI dysfunction included abdominal distension,nausea/vomiting,diarrhoea/constipation,GI ulcer/haemorrhage,paralytic ileus,feeding intolerance and ACS.Surgeries,length of intensive care unit(ICU)stay,pain control[in morphine milligram equivalents(MME)]and overall length of hospital stay(LOHS)were recorded.Results:We analyzed 328 patients[75.6%male,mean age:(41.6±13.6)years]with a median TBSA of 62.0%(41.0%–80.0%);256(78.0%)patients presented with extensive burns.The 90-day mortality was 23.2%(76/328),with 64(84.2%)of these deaths occurring within 30 d and 25(32.9%)occurring within 7 d.GI dysfunction was experienced by 45.4%of patients and had a significant effect on 90-day mortality[odds ratio(OR)=14.070,95%confidence interval(CI)5.886–38.290,P<0.001].Multivariate analysis showed that GI dysfunction was associated with admission SOFA score and%full-thickness TBSA.Overall,88.2%(67/76)of deceased patients had GI dysfunction[hazard ratio(HR)for death of GI dysfunction=5.951],with a survival advantage for functional disorders(diarrhoea,constipation,or nausea/vomiting)over GI ulcer/haemorrhage(P<0.001).Conclusion:Patients with severe burns have an unfavourable prognosis,as nearly one-fifth died within 90 d.Half of our patients had comorbidities related to GI dysfunction,among which GI ulcers and haemorrhages were independently correlated with 90-day mortality.More attention should be given to severe burn patients with GI dysfunction.展开更多
Background:Kinesin family member 15(KIF15)is a protein that regulates cell mitosis and plays an important role in the development and progression of several types of human cancers.However,the role of KIF15 in the deve...Background:Kinesin family member 15(KIF15)is a protein that regulates cell mitosis and plays an important role in the development and progression of several types of human cancers.However,the role of KIF15 in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)is still unclear.Methods:The differential expression of KIF15 in NPC and para-carcinoma tissues was evaluated based on data collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and immunohistochemical analysis of clinical specimens collected from a patient cohort.Cell lines 5-8F and CNE-2Z were selected for the construction of KIF15‑knockdown cell models.CCK8 assay,flow cytometry,wound healing,Transwell and clone formation assays were used to detect the proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion and colony formation of NPC cells in vitro.A mouse xenograft model and the tail intravenous mouse distant transfer model were constructed for in vivo study.Furthermore,the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of KIF15 were explored through western blot analysis,and several in vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to explore its role in NPC.Results:The results revealed significantly higher expression of KIF15 in NPC tissues compared to para-carcinoma tissues.High levels of KIF15 expression were also associated with short overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS).Knockdown of the KIF15 gene led to a cell cycle arrest in the growth 2(G2)phase,inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,invasion,colony formation,and enhanced cell apoptosis.The in vivo murine xenograft experiments showed that down-regulation of the KIF15 gene could inhibit tumor growth and reduce the risk of liver and lung metastasis in NPC.Moreover,the evaluation of the molecular pathway showed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase/P53 pathways might be involved in the KIF15-induced regulation of NPC.Rescue assays indicated that Pifithrin-αcould counteract the pro-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mediated by KIF15.Conclusion:This work indicated that KIF15 overexpression accelerated the progression of NPC and promoted the development of distant metastases.Therefore,KIF15 may have an important role as a prognostic indicator and a potential drug target for the treatment of NPC.展开更多
In 2016,an exposure meter was installed on the Lijiang Fiber-fed High-Resolution Spectrograph to monitor the coupling of starlight to the science fiber during observations.Based on it,we investigated a method to estim...In 2016,an exposure meter was installed on the Lijiang Fiber-fed High-Resolution Spectrograph to monitor the coupling of starlight to the science fiber during observations.Based on it,we investigated a method to estimate the exposure flux of the CCD in real time by using the counts of the photomultiplier tubes(PMT)of the exposure meter,and developed a piece of software to optimize the control of the exposure time.First,by using flat-field lamp observations,we determined that there is a linear and proportional relationship between the total counts of the PMT and the exposure flux of the CCD.Second,using historical observations of different spectral types,the corresponding relational conversion factors were determined and obtained separately.Third,the method was validated using actual observation data,which showed that all values of the coefficient of determination were greater than 0.92.Finally,software was developed to display the counts of the PMT and the estimated exposure flux of the CCD in real-time during the observation,providing a visual reference for optimizing the exposure time control.展开更多
As one class of the most important objects in the universe,magnetars can produce a lot of different frequency bursts including X-ray bursts.In Cai et al.,75 X-ray bursts produced by magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during an a...As one class of the most important objects in the universe,magnetars can produce a lot of different frequency bursts including X-ray bursts.In Cai et al.,75 X-ray bursts produced by magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during an active period in 2020 are published,including the duration and net photon counts of each burst,and waiting time based on the trigger time difference.In this paper,we utilize the power-law model,dN(x)/dx∝(x+x_0)~((-α)_x),to fit the cumulative distributions of these parameters.It can be found that all the cumulative distributions can be well fitted,which can be interpreted by a self-organizing criticality theory.Furthermore,we check whether this phenomenon still exists in different energy bands and find that there is no obvious evolution.These findings further confirm that the X-ray bursts from magnetars are likely to be generated by some self-organizing critical process,which can be explained by a possible magnetic reconnection scenario in magnetars.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether cold water intake into the stomach affects colonic motility and the involvement of the oxytocin-oxytocin receptor pathway in rats.METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley rats were used and some of t...AIM: To investigate whether cold water intake into the stomach affects colonic motility and the involvement of the oxytocin-oxytocin receptor pathway in rats.METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley rats were used and some of them were ovariectomized. The rats were subjected to gastric instillation with cold(0-4℃, cold group) or room temperature(20-25℃, control group) saline for 14 consecutive days. Colon transit was determined with a bead inserted into the colon. Colonic longitudinal muscle strips were prepared to investigate the response to oxytocin in vitro. Plasma concentration of oxytocin was detected by ELISA. Oxytocin receptorexpression was investigated by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to locate oxytocin receptors.RESULTS: Colon transit was slower in the cold group than in the control group(P < 0.05). Colonic smooth muscle contractile response to oxytocin decreased, and the inhibitory effect of oxytocin on muscle contractility was enhanced by cold water intake(0.69 ± 0.08 vs 0.88 ± 0.16, P < 0.05). Atosiban and tetrodotoxin inhibited the effect of oxytocin on colonic motility. Oxytocin receptors were located in the myenteric plexus, and their expression was up-regulated in the cold group(P < 0.05). Cold water intake increased blood concentration of oxytocin, but this effect was attenuated in ovariectomized rats(286.99 ± 83.72 pg/mL vs 100.56 ± 92.71 pg/mL, P < 0.05). However, in ovariectomized rats, estradiol treatment increased blood oxytocin, and the response of colonic muscle strips to oxytocin was attenuated.CONCLUSION: Cold water intake inhibits colonic motility partially through oxytocin-oxytocin receptor signaling in the myenteric nervous system pathway, which is estrogen dependent.展开更多
Background:Quality of life(QOL)concerns in patients with stomas is a globally important health issue.Currently,a lack of understanding into which factors influence QOL postcolostomy hinders the ability of health care ...Background:Quality of life(QOL)concerns in patients with stomas is a globally important health issue.Currently,a lack of understanding into which factors influence QOL postcolostomy hinders the ability of health care professionals to provide appropriate instruction and care needed to improve a patient’s QOL.Objectives:To determine the level of stoma-specific QOL and to determine which factors associate with stoma-specific QOL among patients with a stoma.Methods:A convenience sample of 76 patients with stomas was recruited from patients who presented to the ward for checkup in a tertiary hospital in Beijing.Quality of life,selfcare,and hope were assessed in patients by the Stoma-QOL,stoma self-care agency scale,and Herth Hope Index,respectively.Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlation,t-test,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Our stoma-QOL survey demonstrated that stoma patients experienced difficulties functioning in work and social situations,had issues with sexuality and body image,and difficulties with stoma function.Patients expressed concerns related to the stoma itself such as finding privacy to empty the pouch,problems with leakage,and difficulties participating in social activities.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that self-care agency and hope were the main influencing factors and explained 23.4%of the variance of stoma function and 17.8%of the variance of work/social function.Conclusion:QOL in patients with a stoma was not ideal.Our findings demonstrate that following stoma implantation,improvements in self-care and inspiring hope in patients played an important role in bettering their stoma-QOL.The strength of our study is that we adopted a stoma-specific questionnaire instead of a general scale such as EORTC C30.展开更多
Syringa species are important ornamentals with strong floral scent,of which monoterpenes are the main component.In this study,a new monoterpene synthase gene,named SoLIM,was collected from the flowers of Syringa oblat...Syringa species are important ornamentals with strong floral scent,of which monoterpenes are the main component.In this study,a new monoterpene synthase gene,named SoLIM,was collected from the flowers of Syringa oblata and S.oblata var.alba using a homologous cloning method.The full-length cDNA of SoLIM was1746 bp and encoded 581 amino acids.Sequence analysis showed that SoLIM contained the DDxxD and RRx8 W motifs,which are two typical conserved monoterpene synthase motifs,and was thus classified as belonging to the Tpsb subfamily.Using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR,SoLIM was significantly expressed in the petals and pistils of S.oblata and S.oblata var.alba,respectively.SoLIM expression peaked earlier than the D-limonene emissions in the diurnal experiments,but occurred later when D-limonene had peaked during the flowering phase,indicating that differences in SoLIM gene expression and D-limonene emissions existed.The synthesis of floral scent is thus associated with diverse regulatory mechanisms that require further investigation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Oxidative sress is one of the key factor responsible for occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis,a common consequence of chronic liver injury of multiple etiology.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related fa...OBJECTIVE Oxidative sress is one of the key factor responsible for occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis,a common consequence of chronic liver injury of multiple etiology.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)serves as a major regulator of a celular defense system against oxidative stress.Xiaochaihutang(XCHT),a compound of seven botanical extracts used for liver diseases traditionally in East Asia.However,few studies have investigated its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and pathophysiological mechanism of action.The present study was designed to confirm the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and explore its potential mechanism of action by investigating the intervention of Nrf2 pathway.METHODS Liver fibrosis was induced by repeated injection of Carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) over a period of 9 weeks.Starting from the 6 th week,the animals in treatment groups were given the appropriate dose of XCHT granules and silybin.Biochemical parameters,histological changes of the liver and alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were determined.The expressions of Nrf2,Keap1,Nqo1,HO-1,Gclc and Gclm were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS CCl4 caused a significant fibrosis damage in the rat liver and the liver functions and fibrosis degree were significantly improved by XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1)).XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1)) treatment significantly decreased the number of cells labeled with α-SMA antibodies.Moreover,XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1))significantly increase Nqo1,HO-1,Gclc and Gclm expressions in the liver.CONCLUSION T hese studies establish XCHT is a potentially useful therapeutic agent for treatment of hepatic fibrosis and it might be via regulation of Nrf2 pathway in rats against oxidative stress,making further efforts to inhibiting the activated HSCs.Activation or up-regulation of Nrf2 pathway may be an alternative treatment strategy for liver fibrosis.展开更多
Objective:To develop and test the reliability and validity of a new instrument,the Nurse eNurse Collaboration Behavior Scale(NNCBS).Background:The importance of cooperation among nurses is widely acknowledged,but is a...Objective:To develop and test the reliability and validity of a new instrument,the Nurse eNurse Collaboration Behavior Scale(NNCBS).Background:The importance of cooperation among nurses is widely acknowledged,but is a lack of scientific studies regarding the behaviorial interactions associated with nurse enurse relationships throughout the process of patient-centered care.Therefore,there is a great need to develop a reliable scale to measure nurseenurse collaboration behavior,which is what we have generated in this study.Methods:The 46-item Nursee-Nurse Collaboration Scale was developed using a process of item design,refinement,and testing for both reliability and validity.In 2014,the 202 nurses from the International Department of Services participated in this pilot study.Cronbach's a coefficients and testeretest reliability coefficients were calculated in order to evaluate this new scale's internal consistency and stability.Exploratory factor analysis was calculated using a principal factor method with promax rotation to evaluate the scale's validity.Results:Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors and 23 items.The overall Cronbach's a coefficient of the scale was 0.929.The item-total correlation values were overall high,ranging from 0.427 to 0.751.For the entire scale,the r values of the testeretest reliability correlations were 0.764.Conclusion:The NNCB Scale developed in this study demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity for measuring the level of NNCB.Its implementration on a broader scale would at the very least guide and promote collaborative relationships between nurses involved in patient care.It should be noted that the scale requires further psychometric testing using a larger sample size of nurses who also represent a wider diversity of backgrounds,as well as researchers who are encouraged to improve the instrument.展开更多
Objective:To observe the intervention influence and effect of simvastatin on the expression of interleukin 17(L117),high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1)and TLR4 path in Lupus nephritis(LN)rats.Methods:A total of 28 BS...Objective:To observe the intervention influence and effect of simvastatin on the expression of interleukin 17(L117),high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1)and TLR4 path in Lupus nephritis(LN)rats.Methods:A total of 28 BSXSB male mice with LN(16 weeks)were randomlv divided into observation group and the comparison group,observation group was given 6 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)simvastatin in 0.1%PBS lavage for 4 weeks.the comparison group was not given any trestment.Blood urea nitrogen(BUN)level and urine trace albumin(Scr)level of two groups were determined.The expression of IL17.HMGB1 and TLR4 protein was detected using immune histochemical method,and the kidney histological damage was observed.Results:BNU,LI17.HMGB1,TLR4protein and HMGB1 mRNA in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05):There was no statistical difference of Scr level between two goups(P<0.05).Histological observation showed glomerular lesions integral of observation group was obviously lower than that of control group.Conclusions:Simvastatin can reduce the expression of IL17.HMGB1 and TLR4 protein in LN mice,thereby can inhibit the autoimmune response as a potential treatment function of LN.展开更多
TypeⅡb supernovae(SNeⅡb)that have a thin layer of hydrogen left in their outer envelope have been believed to belong to core collapse supernovae.Mass transfer via Roche lobe overflow can significantly change the nuc...TypeⅡb supernovae(SNeⅡb)that have a thin layer of hydrogen left in their outer envelope have been believed to belong to core collapse supernovae.Mass transfer via Roche lobe overflow can significantly change the nucleosynthesis and surface chemical elements of the progenitors of SNeⅡb.We aim to explore what conditions a close binary can meet with the observational features of SNeⅡb.We find that an observed low mass SNⅡb cannot be produced by a low mass isolated star with M<20,M_(⊙)due to the existence of a thick hydrogen envelope regardless of rotation.Binaries dominate as progenitors in the mass interval(i.e.,M<20 M_(⊙))considered in this paper.The 16 M_(⊙),primary with a 14 M_(⊙) companion in a binary system with~10 days <P_(orb) <720 days can reproduce observational features of SNe Ⅱb(i.e.,T_(eff),log L/L_(⊙),M_(He),M_(H),etc.).With the decrease of the hydrogen-rich envelope mass,the radius of the progenitor shrinks.The associated types of SNⅡb progenitors from RSGs and YSGs to BSGs are closely related to the amount of hydrogen left in the envelopes.Rotation can bring the production of the CNO reaction to the stellar surface at an early phase,which would explain the nitrogen-rich circumstellar material of SN 1993 J and can also explain the large He/H ratio of supernova ejecta.Rotation can increase the corresponding region of the orbital period which can produce an SNⅡb.展开更多
基金Heilongjiang Province Undergraduate University’s First Batch of Foreign Language Education Reform and Innovation Project:“Practical Research on Foreign Language Talent Cultivation Based on the Concept of Language Security in the Context of New Liberal Arts”(HWX2022018-B)Heilongjiang Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Project:A Mixed Training Study on the“Interdisciplinary Integration”Ability of University Foreign Language Teachers in the Context of New Liberal Arts(SJGY20220444)。
文摘Language security is an important part of national security,and in the current complex international environment,the issue of language security is becoming more and more prominent and has become an unignorable part of national security strategy.As the bridge and link of international communication,foreign language talents’language skills and the level of national security awareness directly affect our country’s international image and the effect of international communication.Therefore,the establishment of a foreign language talent cultivation mode based on the concept of language security is not only an important way to improve the quality of foreign language education but also a realistic need to safeguard national security and promote international exchanges.Starting from the influence of the language security concept on foreign language talent cultivation,this paper analyzes the foreign language talent cultivation mode based on the language security concept,with a view to providing new ideas and methods for the development of foreign language education.
基金study was approved respectively by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research and Animal Trials of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University([2021]014)Zhongshan People's Hospital(K2021-049)and Dongguan People's Hospital(DRYA2021-054-A1).
文摘Background:Data on severe and extensive burns in China are limited,as is data on the prevalence of a range of related gastrointestinal(GI)disorders[such as stress ulcers,delayed defecation,opioid-related bowel immotility,and abdominal compartment syndrome(ACS)].We present a multicentre analysis of coincident GI dysfunction and its effect on burn-related mortality.Methods:This retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with severe[≥20%total burn surface area(TBSA)]and extensive(>50%TBSA or>25%full-thickness TBSA)burns admitted to three university teaching institutions in China between January 1,2011 and December 31,2020.Both 30-and 90-day mortality were assessed by collating demographic data,burn causes,admission TBSA,%full-thickness TBSA,Baux score,Abbreviated Burn Severity Index(ABSI)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score,shock at admission and the presence of an inhalation injury.GI dysfunction included abdominal distension,nausea/vomiting,diarrhoea/constipation,GI ulcer/haemorrhage,paralytic ileus,feeding intolerance and ACS.Surgeries,length of intensive care unit(ICU)stay,pain control[in morphine milligram equivalents(MME)]and overall length of hospital stay(LOHS)were recorded.Results:We analyzed 328 patients[75.6%male,mean age:(41.6±13.6)years]with a median TBSA of 62.0%(41.0%–80.0%);256(78.0%)patients presented with extensive burns.The 90-day mortality was 23.2%(76/328),with 64(84.2%)of these deaths occurring within 30 d and 25(32.9%)occurring within 7 d.GI dysfunction was experienced by 45.4%of patients and had a significant effect on 90-day mortality[odds ratio(OR)=14.070,95%confidence interval(CI)5.886–38.290,P<0.001].Multivariate analysis showed that GI dysfunction was associated with admission SOFA score and%full-thickness TBSA.Overall,88.2%(67/76)of deceased patients had GI dysfunction[hazard ratio(HR)for death of GI dysfunction=5.951],with a survival advantage for functional disorders(diarrhoea,constipation,or nausea/vomiting)over GI ulcer/haemorrhage(P<0.001).Conclusion:Patients with severe burns have an unfavourable prognosis,as nearly one-fifth died within 90 d.Half of our patients had comorbidities related to GI dysfunction,among which GI ulcers and haemorrhages were independently correlated with 90-day mortality.More attention should be given to severe burn patients with GI dysfunction.
基金supported by Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan(GuiKe-AB18050011)the Grant of Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Project(GuiKe-AD20297069).
文摘Background:Kinesin family member 15(KIF15)is a protein that regulates cell mitosis and plays an important role in the development and progression of several types of human cancers.However,the role of KIF15 in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)is still unclear.Methods:The differential expression of KIF15 in NPC and para-carcinoma tissues was evaluated based on data collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and immunohistochemical analysis of clinical specimens collected from a patient cohort.Cell lines 5-8F and CNE-2Z were selected for the construction of KIF15‑knockdown cell models.CCK8 assay,flow cytometry,wound healing,Transwell and clone formation assays were used to detect the proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion and colony formation of NPC cells in vitro.A mouse xenograft model and the tail intravenous mouse distant transfer model were constructed for in vivo study.Furthermore,the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of KIF15 were explored through western blot analysis,and several in vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to explore its role in NPC.Results:The results revealed significantly higher expression of KIF15 in NPC tissues compared to para-carcinoma tissues.High levels of KIF15 expression were also associated with short overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS).Knockdown of the KIF15 gene led to a cell cycle arrest in the growth 2(G2)phase,inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,invasion,colony formation,and enhanced cell apoptosis.The in vivo murine xenograft experiments showed that down-regulation of the KIF15 gene could inhibit tumor growth and reduce the risk of liver and lung metastasis in NPC.Moreover,the evaluation of the molecular pathway showed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase/P53 pathways might be involved in the KIF15-induced regulation of NPC.Rescue assays indicated that Pifithrin-αcould counteract the pro-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mediated by KIF15.Conclusion:This work indicated that KIF15 overexpression accelerated the progression of NPC and promoted the development of distant metastases.Therefore,KIF15 may have an important role as a prognostic indicator and a potential drug target for the treatment of NPC.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.11803088,12003068 and 12063002)Civil Aerospace preresearch project D020302+2 种基金the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with NO.CMS-CSST-2021-B10Yunnan Science Foundation of China(202001AU070077)SinoGerman Scientist Mobility Programme M-0086。
文摘In 2016,an exposure meter was installed on the Lijiang Fiber-fed High-Resolution Spectrograph to monitor the coupling of starlight to the science fiber during observations.Based on it,we investigated a method to estimate the exposure flux of the CCD in real time by using the counts of the photomultiplier tubes(PMT)of the exposure meter,and developed a piece of software to optimize the control of the exposure time.First,by using flat-field lamp observations,we determined that there is a linear and proportional relationship between the total counts of the PMT and the exposure flux of the CCD.Second,using historical observations of different spectral types,the corresponding relational conversion factors were determined and obtained separately.Third,the method was validated using actual observation data,which showed that all values of the coefficient of determination were greater than 0.92.Finally,software was developed to display the counts of the PMT and the estimated exposure flux of the CCD in real-time during the observation,providing a visual reference for optimizing the exposure time control.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0718500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants U2038106 and 12065017partially by the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation under grant 20224ACB211001。
文摘As one class of the most important objects in the universe,magnetars can produce a lot of different frequency bursts including X-ray bursts.In Cai et al.,75 X-ray bursts produced by magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during an active period in 2020 are published,including the duration and net photon counts of each burst,and waiting time based on the trigger time difference.In this paper,we utilize the power-law model,dN(x)/dx∝(x+x_0)~((-α)_x),to fit the cumulative distributions of these parameters.It can be found that all the cumulative distributions can be well fitted,which can be interpreted by a self-organizing criticality theory.Furthermore,we check whether this phenomenon still exists in different energy bands and find that there is no obvious evolution.These findings further confirm that the X-ray bursts from magnetars are likely to be generated by some self-organizing critical process,which can be explained by a possible magnetic reconnection scenario in magnetars.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51871148,51821001)the United Fund of National Department of Education and Equipment Development (6141A02033245)the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0301003)。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30872475 and No.31271234
文摘AIM: To investigate whether cold water intake into the stomach affects colonic motility and the involvement of the oxytocin-oxytocin receptor pathway in rats.METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley rats were used and some of them were ovariectomized. The rats were subjected to gastric instillation with cold(0-4℃, cold group) or room temperature(20-25℃, control group) saline for 14 consecutive days. Colon transit was determined with a bead inserted into the colon. Colonic longitudinal muscle strips were prepared to investigate the response to oxytocin in vitro. Plasma concentration of oxytocin was detected by ELISA. Oxytocin receptorexpression was investigated by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to locate oxytocin receptors.RESULTS: Colon transit was slower in the cold group than in the control group(P < 0.05). Colonic smooth muscle contractile response to oxytocin decreased, and the inhibitory effect of oxytocin on muscle contractility was enhanced by cold water intake(0.69 ± 0.08 vs 0.88 ± 0.16, P < 0.05). Atosiban and tetrodotoxin inhibited the effect of oxytocin on colonic motility. Oxytocin receptors were located in the myenteric plexus, and their expression was up-regulated in the cold group(P < 0.05). Cold water intake increased blood concentration of oxytocin, but this effect was attenuated in ovariectomized rats(286.99 ± 83.72 pg/mL vs 100.56 ± 92.71 pg/mL, P < 0.05). However, in ovariectomized rats, estradiol treatment increased blood oxytocin, and the response of colonic muscle strips to oxytocin was attenuated.CONCLUSION: Cold water intake inhibits colonic motility partially through oxytocin-oxytocin receptor signaling in the myenteric nervous system pathway, which is estrogen dependent.
文摘Background:Quality of life(QOL)concerns in patients with stomas is a globally important health issue.Currently,a lack of understanding into which factors influence QOL postcolostomy hinders the ability of health care professionals to provide appropriate instruction and care needed to improve a patient’s QOL.Objectives:To determine the level of stoma-specific QOL and to determine which factors associate with stoma-specific QOL among patients with a stoma.Methods:A convenience sample of 76 patients with stomas was recruited from patients who presented to the ward for checkup in a tertiary hospital in Beijing.Quality of life,selfcare,and hope were assessed in patients by the Stoma-QOL,stoma self-care agency scale,and Herth Hope Index,respectively.Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlation,t-test,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Our stoma-QOL survey demonstrated that stoma patients experienced difficulties functioning in work and social situations,had issues with sexuality and body image,and difficulties with stoma function.Patients expressed concerns related to the stoma itself such as finding privacy to empty the pouch,problems with leakage,and difficulties participating in social activities.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that self-care agency and hope were the main influencing factors and explained 23.4%of the variance of stoma function and 17.8%of the variance of work/social function.Conclusion:QOL in patients with a stoma was not ideal.Our findings demonstrate that following stoma implantation,improvements in self-care and inspiring hope in patients played an important role in bettering their stoma-QOL.The strength of our study is that we adopted a stoma-specific questionnaire instead of a general scale such as EORTC C30.
基金supported by the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges under Beijing Municipality(IDHT20180509)the National Natural Science foundation of China(31201645)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(6172006)key project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KZ201510020021)
文摘Syringa species are important ornamentals with strong floral scent,of which monoterpenes are the main component.In this study,a new monoterpene synthase gene,named SoLIM,was collected from the flowers of Syringa oblata and S.oblata var.alba using a homologous cloning method.The full-length cDNA of SoLIM was1746 bp and encoded 581 amino acids.Sequence analysis showed that SoLIM contained the DDxxD and RRx8 W motifs,which are two typical conserved monoterpene synthase motifs,and was thus classified as belonging to the Tpsb subfamily.Using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR,SoLIM was significantly expressed in the petals and pistils of S.oblata and S.oblata var.alba,respectively.SoLIM expression peaked earlier than the D-limonene emissions in the diurnal experiments,but occurred later when D-limonene had peaked during the flowering phase,indicating that differences in SoLIM gene expression and D-limonene emissions existed.The synthesis of floral scent is thus associated with diverse regulatory mechanisms that require further investigation.
文摘OBJECTIVE Oxidative sress is one of the key factor responsible for occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis,a common consequence of chronic liver injury of multiple etiology.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)serves as a major regulator of a celular defense system against oxidative stress.Xiaochaihutang(XCHT),a compound of seven botanical extracts used for liver diseases traditionally in East Asia.However,few studies have investigated its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and pathophysiological mechanism of action.The present study was designed to confirm the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and explore its potential mechanism of action by investigating the intervention of Nrf2 pathway.METHODS Liver fibrosis was induced by repeated injection of Carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) over a period of 9 weeks.Starting from the 6 th week,the animals in treatment groups were given the appropriate dose of XCHT granules and silybin.Biochemical parameters,histological changes of the liver and alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were determined.The expressions of Nrf2,Keap1,Nqo1,HO-1,Gclc and Gclm were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS CCl4 caused a significant fibrosis damage in the rat liver and the liver functions and fibrosis degree were significantly improved by XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1)).XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1)) treatment significantly decreased the number of cells labeled with α-SMA antibodies.Moreover,XCHT(5 g·kg^(-1) and 10 g·kg^(-1))significantly increase Nqo1,HO-1,Gclc and Gclm expressions in the liver.CONCLUSION T hese studies establish XCHT is a potentially useful therapeutic agent for treatment of hepatic fibrosis and it might be via regulation of Nrf2 pathway in rats against oxidative stress,making further efforts to inhibiting the activated HSCs.Activation or up-regulation of Nrf2 pathway may be an alternative treatment strategy for liver fibrosis.
文摘Objective:To develop and test the reliability and validity of a new instrument,the Nurse eNurse Collaboration Behavior Scale(NNCBS).Background:The importance of cooperation among nurses is widely acknowledged,but is a lack of scientific studies regarding the behaviorial interactions associated with nurse enurse relationships throughout the process of patient-centered care.Therefore,there is a great need to develop a reliable scale to measure nurseenurse collaboration behavior,which is what we have generated in this study.Methods:The 46-item Nursee-Nurse Collaboration Scale was developed using a process of item design,refinement,and testing for both reliability and validity.In 2014,the 202 nurses from the International Department of Services participated in this pilot study.Cronbach's a coefficients and testeretest reliability coefficients were calculated in order to evaluate this new scale's internal consistency and stability.Exploratory factor analysis was calculated using a principal factor method with promax rotation to evaluate the scale's validity.Results:Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors and 23 items.The overall Cronbach's a coefficient of the scale was 0.929.The item-total correlation values were overall high,ranging from 0.427 to 0.751.For the entire scale,the r values of the testeretest reliability correlations were 0.764.Conclusion:The NNCB Scale developed in this study demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity for measuring the level of NNCB.Its implementration on a broader scale would at the very least guide and promote collaborative relationships between nurses involved in patient care.It should be noted that the scale requires further psychometric testing using a larger sample size of nurses who also represent a wider diversity of backgrounds,as well as researchers who are encouraged to improve the instrument.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China:81273731
文摘Objective:To observe the intervention influence and effect of simvastatin on the expression of interleukin 17(L117),high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1)and TLR4 path in Lupus nephritis(LN)rats.Methods:A total of 28 BSXSB male mice with LN(16 weeks)were randomlv divided into observation group and the comparison group,observation group was given 6 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)simvastatin in 0.1%PBS lavage for 4 weeks.the comparison group was not given any trestment.Blood urea nitrogen(BUN)level and urine trace albumin(Scr)level of two groups were determined.The expression of IL17.HMGB1 and TLR4 protein was detected using immune histochemical method,and the kidney histological damage was observed.Results:BNU,LI17.HMGB1,TLR4protein and HMGB1 mRNA in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05):There was no statistical difference of Scr level between two goups(P<0.05).Histological observation showed glomerular lesions integral of observation group was obviously lower than that of control group.Conclusions:Simvastatin can reduce the expression of IL17.HMGB1 and TLR4 protein in LN mice,thereby can inhibit the autoimmune response as a potential treatment function of LN.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11863003 and 12173010)Science and technology plan projects of Guizhou province(Grant No.[2018]5781)。
文摘TypeⅡb supernovae(SNeⅡb)that have a thin layer of hydrogen left in their outer envelope have been believed to belong to core collapse supernovae.Mass transfer via Roche lobe overflow can significantly change the nucleosynthesis and surface chemical elements of the progenitors of SNeⅡb.We aim to explore what conditions a close binary can meet with the observational features of SNeⅡb.We find that an observed low mass SNⅡb cannot be produced by a low mass isolated star with M<20,M_(⊙)due to the existence of a thick hydrogen envelope regardless of rotation.Binaries dominate as progenitors in the mass interval(i.e.,M<20 M_(⊙))considered in this paper.The 16 M_(⊙),primary with a 14 M_(⊙) companion in a binary system with~10 days <P_(orb) <720 days can reproduce observational features of SNe Ⅱb(i.e.,T_(eff),log L/L_(⊙),M_(He),M_(H),etc.).With the decrease of the hydrogen-rich envelope mass,the radius of the progenitor shrinks.The associated types of SNⅡb progenitors from RSGs and YSGs to BSGs are closely related to the amount of hydrogen left in the envelopes.Rotation can bring the production of the CNO reaction to the stellar surface at an early phase,which would explain the nitrogen-rich circumstellar material of SN 1993 J and can also explain the large He/H ratio of supernova ejecta.Rotation can increase the corresponding region of the orbital period which can produce an SNⅡb.
