The interface mechanism between catalyst and carbon substrate has been the focus of research.In this paper,the FeCo alloy embedded N,S co-doped carbon substrate bifunctional catalyst(FeCo/S-NC)is obtained by a simple ...The interface mechanism between catalyst and carbon substrate has been the focus of research.In this paper,the FeCo alloy embedded N,S co-doped carbon substrate bifunctional catalyst(FeCo/S-NC)is obtained by a simple one-step pyrolysis strategy.The experimental results and density functional theory(DFT)calculation show that the formation of FeCo alloy is conducive to promoting electron transfer,and the introduction of S atom can enhance the interaction between FeCo alloy and carbon substrate,thus inhibiting the migration and agglomeration of particles on the surface of carbon material.The FeCo/SNC catalysts show outstanding performance for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).FeCo/S-NC shows a high half-wave potential(E_(1/2)=0.8823 V)for ORR and a low overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)(E_(j=10)=299 mV)for OER.In addition,compared with Pt/C+RuO_(2) assembled Zn-air battery(ZAB),the FeCo/S-NC assembled ZAB exhibits a larger power density(198.8 mW cm^(-2)),a higher specific capacity(786.1 mA h g_(zn)~(-1)),and ultra-stable cycle performance.These results confirm that the optimized composition and the interfacial interaction between catalyst and carbon substrate synergistically enhance the electrochemical performance.展开更多
Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent...Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent,cisplatin,is diminished in patients with poor prognoses.Methods:Various bioinformatics databases were utilized to examine Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)gene expression,clinicopathologic features,patient survival analysis,and gene function.An organoid model of HNSCC was established,along with the induction of drug-resistant HNSCC in the organoid model.CES1 expression was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western Blot,and differential markers were identified through transcriptome sequencing.Knockdown and overexpression models of CES1 were created in SCC-9 and patient-derived organoid(PDO)cells using shRNA and lentivirus to investigate the tumor biology and cisplatin resistance associated with CES1.Results:Research in bioinformatics has uncovered a strong correlation between the expression level of CES1 and the prognosis of HNSCC.The data suggests a significant link between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking.RNA-sequencing revealed a notable increase in CES1 expression in HNSCC-PDOcis-R cells compared to the parental PDO cells.Subsequently,we performed in vitro studies by HNSCC-PDO and SCC-9 and found that CES1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin and stronger tumor malignant biological behavior compared with CES1-knockdown cells.Conclusion:The observed association between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking implies a potential influence of smoking on the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNSCC through the regulation of CES1 expression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intrabony defects beneath non-keratinized mucosa are frequently observed at the distal site of terminal molars.Consequently,the application of regenerative treatment using the modified wedge-flap technique ...BACKGROUND Intrabony defects beneath non-keratinized mucosa are frequently observed at the distal site of terminal molars.Consequently,the application of regenerative treatment using the modified wedge-flap technique is considered impractical for these specific dental conditions.CASE SUMMARY This article proposes a modified surgical procedure aimed at exposing the distal intrabony defect by making a vertical incision in the keratinized buccal gingiva.The primary objective is to maintain gingival flap stability,thereby facilitating periodontal regeneration.The described technique was successfully employed in a case involving the left mandibular second molar,which presented with an intrabony defect without keratinized gingiva at the distal site.In this case,an incision was made on the disto-buccal gingival tissue,creating a tunnel-like separation of the distal non-keratinized soft tissue to expose the intrabony defect.Subsequently,bone grafting and guided tissue regeneration surgeries were performed,resulting in satisfactory bone fill at 9 mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION This technique offers a regenerative opportunity for the intrabony defects beneath non-keratinized mucosa and is recommended for further research.展开更多
Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare melanocytic soft tissue sarcoma known for itspropensity to metastasize to the lymph nodes and typically has an unfavorableprognosis.Currently,surgical resection is the primary treatmen...Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare melanocytic soft tissue sarcoma known for itspropensity to metastasize to the lymph nodes and typically has an unfavorableprognosis.Currently,surgical resection is the primary treatment for localizedCCS,while radiotherapy and chemotherapy are preferred for metastatic cases.The roles of adjuvant chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and lymph node dissection arecontroversial.Although immunotherapy has emerged as a promising avenue inCCS treatment research,there are no established clinical standards for postoperativefollow-up.This editorial discusses a recent article by Liu et al,with afocus on current diagnostic modalities,treatment approaches,and the challengingprognosis associated with CCS.Our aim is to underscore the importance of longtermpatient follow-up in CCS management.展开更多
Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of...Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.展开更多
Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissu...Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissue.Here,we report a novel virus-like nanoparticle,the bioorthgonal engineered viruslike recombinant biosome(reBiosome),for efficient gene therapies of cancer and inflammatory diseases.The mutant virus-like biosome(mBiosome)is first prepared by site-specific codon mutation for displaying 4-azido-L-phenylalanine on vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein of eBiosome at a rational site,and the reBiosome is then prepared by clicking weak acid-responsive hydrophilic polymer onto the mBiosome via bioorthogonal chemistry.The results show that the reBiosome exhibits reduced virus-like immunogenicity,prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced gene delivery efficiency to weakly acidic foci(like tumor and arthritic tissue).Furthermore,reBiosome demonstrates robust therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and arthritis by delivering gene editing and silencing systems,respectively.In conclusion,this study develops a universal,safe and efficient platform for gene therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases.展开更多
Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric r...Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric rise of MoS_(2)material,global opportunities and challenges coexist due to its extremely weak light-matter interaction capability beyond its energy band.In this work,we designed a kind of sandwich resonance structure and investigated MoS_(2)as a perfect absorber in the infrared spectrum that should be transparent according to the optical band theory.The infrared absorption properties of W or Au/MoS_(2)/Au models at 800 nm-2400 nm were systematic simulated.By optimizing the structural parameters,the resonant wavelength of perfect absorption can be modulated from 830 nm to 1700 nm with angle insensitivity and polar independence.Moreover,we discovered that the bandwidth of absorption exceeding 50%of the W-top model reaches500 nm,while that of the Au-top model is less than 100 nm,indicating that the top metal material has a great influence on the resonance absorption spectrum.Our work provides a practical route for enhancing and manipulating the light-matter interactions of low-dimensional materials beyond their own band gaps,which will be critical in the future design and implementation of optoelectronic devices and systems.展开更多
[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term su...[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the progn...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the prognosis of CRC patients. Accumulating evidence reveals that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as oncogenes or anti-oncogenes, as well as biomarkers in various cancers. AIM To investigate the levels and molecular mechanism of the lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in CRC. METHODS The levels of lncRNA MEG3 in CRC tissue, serum and cell line samples were explored via qRT-PCR. The relationship between MEG3 levels and clinicopathological features in CRC was investigated. The diagnostic and prognostic values of serum MEG3 levels were analyzed with ROC curves and KaplanMeier survival curves, respectively. RESULTS Significant decreased levels of MEG3 existed in CRC tissue, cell lines and serum. CRC patients with down-regulated serum MEG3 levels had larger tumor sizes, and advanced clinical stages. The sensitivity and specificity of serum MEG3 levels in CRC detection was 0.667 and 0.875, respectively. Tumor size, T stages, and serum MEG3 levels are indie factors that produce an effect on CRC patients' prognosis. KaplanMeier survival curves suggested that CRC patients with high levels of MEG3 had a remarkably better overall survival rate. CONCLUSION LncRNA MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC, and regulates cell functions by targeting adenosine deaminase’s effect on RNA 1 in CRC.展开更多
The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)mat...The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)materials with abundant active binding sites and high surface-to-volume ratios have been developed to prepare functional separators that suppress the diffusion of polysulfides.However,the influence of modified layer thickness on Li+transport has not been considered.Herein,we synthesized individual and multilayered 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and used them to fabricate a series of Ti3C2Tx-PP modified separators.The separators had mass loadings ranging from 0.16 to 0.016 mg cm-2,which is the lowest value reported for 2D materials to the best of our knowledge.The corresponding reductions in thickness ranged from 1.2μm to 100 nm.LPS shuttling was effectively suppressed,even at the lowest mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2.Suppression was due to the strong interaction between LPS intermediates and Ti atoms and hydroxyl functional groups on the separator surface.The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient increased with the reduction of Ti3C2Tx layers on the separator.Superior cycling stability and rate performance were attained when the separator with a Ti3C2Tx-PP mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2 was incorporated into a Li–S battery.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were introduced into the separators to further improve the electrical and Li+ionic conductivity in the cross-plane direction of the 2D Ti3C2Txlayers.With the ultralightweight Ti3C2Tx/CNTs modified PP separator,the cell maintained a capacity of 640 m Ah g-1after 200cycles at 1C with a capacity decay of only 0.079%per cycle.展开更多
Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, ...Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.展开更多
As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however...As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however,is in great dispute.Unlike chemical drugs,which have clear and validated quality standards,the content of only one(or a few)compounds of many herbs and preparations is currently assessed as an indicator of quality,even though the assessed compound(s)is neither closely associated with the efficacy nor representative of the medicine as a whole.Based on the clinical use,compatibility of multiple component prescriptions,and manufacturing process of TCM,the new concept of a TCM quality marker that was proposed in previous work is discussed further here.In addition,practical technological approaches are described for the qualitative analysis and quantification of TCMs including herbs,processed products,and preparations,which lead to the discovery and identification of specific chemicals as quality markers and new quality control patterns.The progress that has been made in TCM quality control is also addressed.This work provides useful information for the quality control of herbal medicines in the future.展开更多
Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.I...Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.In silico and in vitro Caco-2 cell models were applied to study the potential binding mode of bioactive ingredients existing in liquorice with P-glycoprotein(P-gp),as well as the inhibition effects on P-gp.Additionally,anti-inflammatory activity of aconitine(AC)combined with active ingredients of liquorice,as well as pharmacokinetic patterns of AC after co-administration was investigated.Anti-inflammatory effect of AC(1 mg/kg)in rats was enhanced in combination with bioactive ingredients of liquorice(10 mg/kg).In the meanwhile,the exposure of AC in vivo was altered,in terms of Cmax and AUC.For instance,the Cmax and AUC were increased to 1.9 and 1.3 folds,respectively,when used in combination with liquiritigenin.The in silico study revealed the potential binding mode with outward facing conformation of P-gp.The resulting data obtained from transport of rhodamine-123(Rh-123)across Caco-2 cell monolayer further indicated that the function of P-gp was inhibited by chemicals in liquorice.The synergic effect was therefore proposed to be attributed to inhibition of P-gp by liquorice since AC has been demonstrated to be the substrate of P-gp.The resuls revealed that potential synergic mechanism of Wutou-Gancao herb-pair by inhibiting function of key efflux transporter P-gp to enhance the exposure of AC in systematic circulation,and further the anti-inflammatory effect,which helps clarify the compatibility rationale of these two herbs.展开更多
In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-...In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response,modularization,and flexible installation.Among several battery technologies,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)exhibit high energy efficiency,long cycle life,and relatively high energy density.In this perspective,the properties of LIBs,including their operation mechanism,battery design and construction,and advantages and disadvantages,have been analyzed in detail.Moreover,the performance of LIBs applied to grid-level energy storage systems is analyzed in terms of the following grid services:(1)frequency regulation;(2)peak shifting;(3)integration with renewable energy sources;and(4)power management.In addition,the challenges encountered in the application of LIBs are discussed and possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges are proposed to provide insight into the development of grid-level energy storage systems.展开更多
Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by ...Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by their low transfection efficiency.Here,we report a novel targeting tLyp-1 exosome by gene recombinant engineering for delivery of siRNA to cancer and cancer stem cells.To reach such a purpose,the engineered tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were constructed and amplified in Escherichia coli.The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were further used to transfect HEK293T tool cells and the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were isolated from secretion of the transfected HEK293T cells.Afterwards,the artificially synthesized siRNA was encapsulated into targeting tLyp-1 exosomes by electroporation technology.Finally,the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were used to transfect cancer or cancer stem cells.Results showed that the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes had a nanosized structure(approximately 100 nm)and high transfection efficiency into lung cancer and cancer stem cells.The function verifications demonstrated that the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were able to knock-down the target gene of cancer cells and to reduce the stemness of cancer stem cells.In conclusion,the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes are successfully engineered,and can be used for gene therapy with a high transfection efficiency.Therefore,the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes offer a promising gene delivery platform for future cancer therapy.展开更多
Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enha...Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enhancement of its rate capability and cycling stability,especially at high current densities.In this work,we construct one-dimensional Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers by electrospinning method to enhance the kinetic,which realizes high cycling stability.Carbon coating enhances the structure stability,insertion/extraction reversibility of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and facilitates the transfer of Li-ions.Benefited from the unique architecture and component,the Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows an excellent rate capability with a reversible de-lithiation capacity of 370.8,290.6,269.2,254.3 and 244.9 m Ah g^(-1) at 200,300,500,800 and 1000 m A g^(-1),respectively.Even at a higher current density of 1 A g^(-1),Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows high cycling stability with an initial de-lithiation capacity of 237.8 m Ah g^(-1) and a capacity retention rate of about 84%after 500 cycles.The density functional theory calculation result confirms that the introduction of carbon on the surface of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) changes the total density of states of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25),and thus improves electronic conductivity of the composite,resulting in a good electrochemical performance of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers.Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers indicate a great potential as an anode material for the next generation of high-performance LIBs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52374301 and 22279030)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2223037)+1 种基金Hebei Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material,Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao(HKDEFM2021201)the Performance subsidy fund for the Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province(22567627H)。
文摘The interface mechanism between catalyst and carbon substrate has been the focus of research.In this paper,the FeCo alloy embedded N,S co-doped carbon substrate bifunctional catalyst(FeCo/S-NC)is obtained by a simple one-step pyrolysis strategy.The experimental results and density functional theory(DFT)calculation show that the formation of FeCo alloy is conducive to promoting electron transfer,and the introduction of S atom can enhance the interaction between FeCo alloy and carbon substrate,thus inhibiting the migration and agglomeration of particles on the surface of carbon material.The FeCo/SNC catalysts show outstanding performance for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).FeCo/S-NC shows a high half-wave potential(E_(1/2)=0.8823 V)for ORR and a low overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)(E_(j=10)=299 mV)for OER.In addition,compared with Pt/C+RuO_(2) assembled Zn-air battery(ZAB),the FeCo/S-NC assembled ZAB exhibits a larger power density(198.8 mW cm^(-2)),a higher specific capacity(786.1 mA h g_(zn)~(-1)),and ultra-stable cycle performance.These results confirm that the optimized composition and the interfacial interaction between catalyst and carbon substrate synergistically enhance the electrochemical performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160386)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024GXNSFDA010032,2023GXNSFAA026189).
文摘Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent,cisplatin,is diminished in patients with poor prognoses.Methods:Various bioinformatics databases were utilized to examine Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)gene expression,clinicopathologic features,patient survival analysis,and gene function.An organoid model of HNSCC was established,along with the induction of drug-resistant HNSCC in the organoid model.CES1 expression was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western Blot,and differential markers were identified through transcriptome sequencing.Knockdown and overexpression models of CES1 were created in SCC-9 and patient-derived organoid(PDO)cells using shRNA and lentivirus to investigate the tumor biology and cisplatin resistance associated with CES1.Results:Research in bioinformatics has uncovered a strong correlation between the expression level of CES1 and the prognosis of HNSCC.The data suggests a significant link between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking.RNA-sequencing revealed a notable increase in CES1 expression in HNSCC-PDOcis-R cells compared to the parental PDO cells.Subsequently,we performed in vitro studies by HNSCC-PDO and SCC-9 and found that CES1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin and stronger tumor malignant biological behavior compared with CES1-knockdown cells.Conclusion:The observed association between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking implies a potential influence of smoking on the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNSCC through the regulation of CES1 expression.
基金Supported by Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,No.PKUSSNCT-23B10.
文摘BACKGROUND Intrabony defects beneath non-keratinized mucosa are frequently observed at the distal site of terminal molars.Consequently,the application of regenerative treatment using the modified wedge-flap technique is considered impractical for these specific dental conditions.CASE SUMMARY This article proposes a modified surgical procedure aimed at exposing the distal intrabony defect by making a vertical incision in the keratinized buccal gingiva.The primary objective is to maintain gingival flap stability,thereby facilitating periodontal regeneration.The described technique was successfully employed in a case involving the left mandibular second molar,which presented with an intrabony defect without keratinized gingiva at the distal site.In this case,an incision was made on the disto-buccal gingival tissue,creating a tunnel-like separation of the distal non-keratinized soft tissue to expose the intrabony defect.Subsequently,bone grafting and guided tissue regeneration surgeries were performed,resulting in satisfactory bone fill at 9 mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION This technique offers a regenerative opportunity for the intrabony defects beneath non-keratinized mucosa and is recommended for further research.
基金Liaoning Province Applied Basic Research Program Joint Program Project,No.2022JH2/101500076Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program,No.RC200438+1 种基金Tree Planting Program of Shengjing Hospital,No.M1595the Doctoral Start-up Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2022-BS-127.
文摘Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare melanocytic soft tissue sarcoma known for itspropensity to metastasize to the lymph nodes and typically has an unfavorableprognosis.Currently,surgical resection is the primary treatment for localizedCCS,while radiotherapy and chemotherapy are preferred for metastatic cases.The roles of adjuvant chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and lymph node dissection arecontroversial.Although immunotherapy has emerged as a promising avenue inCCS treatment research,there are no established clinical standards for postoperativefollow-up.This editorial discusses a recent article by Liu et al,with afocus on current diagnostic modalities,treatment approaches,and the challengingprognosis associated with CCS.Our aim is to underscore the importance of longtermpatient follow-up in CCS management.
基金Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project,No.2020GGA079Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2021J011380National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.62276146.
文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81874303 and No.82173752 W.L.Lu).
文摘Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissue.Here,we report a novel virus-like nanoparticle,the bioorthgonal engineered viruslike recombinant biosome(reBiosome),for efficient gene therapies of cancer and inflammatory diseases.The mutant virus-like biosome(mBiosome)is first prepared by site-specific codon mutation for displaying 4-azido-L-phenylalanine on vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein of eBiosome at a rational site,and the reBiosome is then prepared by clicking weak acid-responsive hydrophilic polymer onto the mBiosome via bioorthogonal chemistry.The results show that the reBiosome exhibits reduced virus-like immunogenicity,prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced gene delivery efficiency to weakly acidic foci(like tumor and arthritic tissue).Furthermore,reBiosome demonstrates robust therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and arthritis by delivering gene editing and silencing systems,respectively.In conclusion,this study develops a universal,safe and efficient platform for gene therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62105169)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(Grant No.2021J078)Special fund for Talents Project of Ningbo University(Grant No.432094940)。
文摘Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric rise of MoS_(2)material,global opportunities and challenges coexist due to its extremely weak light-matter interaction capability beyond its energy band.In this work,we designed a kind of sandwich resonance structure and investigated MoS_(2)as a perfect absorber in the infrared spectrum that should be transparent according to the optical band theory.The infrared absorption properties of W or Au/MoS_(2)/Au models at 800 nm-2400 nm were systematic simulated.By optimizing the structural parameters,the resonant wavelength of perfect absorption can be modulated from 830 nm to 1700 nm with angle insensitivity and polar independence.Moreover,we discovered that the bandwidth of absorption exceeding 50%of the W-top model reaches500 nm,while that of the Au-top model is less than 100 nm,indicating that the top metal material has a great influence on the resonance absorption spectrum.Our work provides a practical route for enhancing and manipulating the light-matter interactions of low-dimensional materials beyond their own band gaps,which will be critical in the future design and implementation of optoelectronic devices and systems.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(82160386)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2023GXNSFAA0261892021GXNSFAA075042)。
文摘[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the prognosis of CRC patients. Accumulating evidence reveals that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as oncogenes or anti-oncogenes, as well as biomarkers in various cancers. AIM To investigate the levels and molecular mechanism of the lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in CRC. METHODS The levels of lncRNA MEG3 in CRC tissue, serum and cell line samples were explored via qRT-PCR. The relationship between MEG3 levels and clinicopathological features in CRC was investigated. The diagnostic and prognostic values of serum MEG3 levels were analyzed with ROC curves and KaplanMeier survival curves, respectively. RESULTS Significant decreased levels of MEG3 existed in CRC tissue, cell lines and serum. CRC patients with down-regulated serum MEG3 levels had larger tumor sizes, and advanced clinical stages. The sensitivity and specificity of serum MEG3 levels in CRC detection was 0.667 and 0.875, respectively. Tumor size, T stages, and serum MEG3 levels are indie factors that produce an effect on CRC patients' prognosis. KaplanMeier survival curves suggested that CRC patients with high levels of MEG3 had a remarkably better overall survival rate. CONCLUSION LncRNA MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC, and regulates cell functions by targeting adenosine deaminase’s effect on RNA 1 in CRC.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21706292)support from the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project,China(No.2017TP1001).
文摘The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)materials with abundant active binding sites and high surface-to-volume ratios have been developed to prepare functional separators that suppress the diffusion of polysulfides.However,the influence of modified layer thickness on Li+transport has not been considered.Herein,we synthesized individual and multilayered 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and used them to fabricate a series of Ti3C2Tx-PP modified separators.The separators had mass loadings ranging from 0.16 to 0.016 mg cm-2,which is the lowest value reported for 2D materials to the best of our knowledge.The corresponding reductions in thickness ranged from 1.2μm to 100 nm.LPS shuttling was effectively suppressed,even at the lowest mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2.Suppression was due to the strong interaction between LPS intermediates and Ti atoms and hydroxyl functional groups on the separator surface.The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient increased with the reduction of Ti3C2Tx layers on the separator.Superior cycling stability and rate performance were attained when the separator with a Ti3C2Tx-PP mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2 was incorporated into a Li–S battery.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were introduced into the separators to further improve the electrical and Li+ionic conductivity in the cross-plane direction of the 2D Ti3C2Txlayers.With the ultralightweight Ti3C2Tx/CNTs modified PP separator,the cell maintained a capacity of 640 m Ah g-1after 200cycles at 1C with a capacity decay of only 0.079%per cycle.
文摘Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.
基金The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFE0121400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430096)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_14R41)the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(006/2015/AMJ)to Y.Xiethe Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(15JCYBJC29500).
文摘As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however,is in great dispute.Unlike chemical drugs,which have clear and validated quality standards,the content of only one(or a few)compounds of many herbs and preparations is currently assessed as an indicator of quality,even though the assessed compound(s)is neither closely associated with the efficacy nor representative of the medicine as a whole.Based on the clinical use,compatibility of multiple component prescriptions,and manufacturing process of TCM,the new concept of a TCM quality marker that was proposed in previous work is discussed further here.In addition,practical technological approaches are described for the qualitative analysis and quantification of TCMs including herbs,processed products,and preparations,which lead to the discovery and identification of specific chemicals as quality markers and new quality control patterns.The progress that has been made in TCM quality control is also addressed.This work provides useful information for the quality control of herbal medicines in the future.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(Grant2016YFE0121400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81430096)+2 种基金Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(006/2015/AMJ to Y.Xie)the program of Changjiang Scholars and innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT_14R41)Tianjin Natural and Science Foundation(No.17YFZCSY01170)。
文摘Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.In silico and in vitro Caco-2 cell models were applied to study the potential binding mode of bioactive ingredients existing in liquorice with P-glycoprotein(P-gp),as well as the inhibition effects on P-gp.Additionally,anti-inflammatory activity of aconitine(AC)combined with active ingredients of liquorice,as well as pharmacokinetic patterns of AC after co-administration was investigated.Anti-inflammatory effect of AC(1 mg/kg)in rats was enhanced in combination with bioactive ingredients of liquorice(10 mg/kg).In the meanwhile,the exposure of AC in vivo was altered,in terms of Cmax and AUC.For instance,the Cmax and AUC were increased to 1.9 and 1.3 folds,respectively,when used in combination with liquiritigenin.The in silico study revealed the potential binding mode with outward facing conformation of P-gp.The resulting data obtained from transport of rhodamine-123(Rh-123)across Caco-2 cell monolayer further indicated that the function of P-gp was inhibited by chemicals in liquorice.The synergic effect was therefore proposed to be attributed to inhibition of P-gp by liquorice since AC has been demonstrated to be the substrate of P-gp.The resuls revealed that potential synergic mechanism of Wutou-Gancao herb-pair by inhibiting function of key efflux transporter P-gp to enhance the exposure of AC in systematic circulation,and further the anti-inflammatory effect,which helps clarify the compatibility rationale of these two herbs.
文摘In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response,modularization,and flexible installation.Among several battery technologies,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)exhibit high energy efficiency,long cycle life,and relatively high energy density.In this perspective,the properties of LIBs,including their operation mechanism,battery design and construction,and advantages and disadvantages,have been analyzed in detail.Moreover,the performance of LIBs applied to grid-level energy storage systems is analyzed in terms of the following grid services:(1)frequency regulation;(2)peak shifting;(3)integration with renewable energy sources;and(4)power management.In addition,the challenges encountered in the application of LIBs are discussed and possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges are proposed to provide insight into the development of grid-level energy storage systems.
基金Funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.81673367 and 81874303)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Key Grant no.7181004).
文摘Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by their low transfection efficiency.Here,we report a novel targeting tLyp-1 exosome by gene recombinant engineering for delivery of siRNA to cancer and cancer stem cells.To reach such a purpose,the engineered tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were constructed and amplified in Escherichia coli.The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were further used to transfect HEK293T tool cells and the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were isolated from secretion of the transfected HEK293T cells.Afterwards,the artificially synthesized siRNA was encapsulated into targeting tLyp-1 exosomes by electroporation technology.Finally,the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were used to transfect cancer or cancer stem cells.Results showed that the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes had a nanosized structure(approximately 100 nm)and high transfection efficiency into lung cancer and cancer stem cells.The function verifications demonstrated that the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were able to knock-down the target gene of cancer cells and to reduce the stemness of cancer stem cells.In conclusion,the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes are successfully engineered,and can be used for gene therapy with a high transfection efficiency.Therefore,the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes offer a promising gene delivery platform for future cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1960107)the“333”Talent Project of Hebei Province(A202005018)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2123034 and N2123001)Hebei Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material,Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao(HKDEFM2021201)。
文摘Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enhancement of its rate capability and cycling stability,especially at high current densities.In this work,we construct one-dimensional Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers by electrospinning method to enhance the kinetic,which realizes high cycling stability.Carbon coating enhances the structure stability,insertion/extraction reversibility of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and facilitates the transfer of Li-ions.Benefited from the unique architecture and component,the Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows an excellent rate capability with a reversible de-lithiation capacity of 370.8,290.6,269.2,254.3 and 244.9 m Ah g^(-1) at 200,300,500,800 and 1000 m A g^(-1),respectively.Even at a higher current density of 1 A g^(-1),Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows high cycling stability with an initial de-lithiation capacity of 237.8 m Ah g^(-1) and a capacity retention rate of about 84%after 500 cycles.The density functional theory calculation result confirms that the introduction of carbon on the surface of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) changes the total density of states of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25),and thus improves electronic conductivity of the composite,resulting in a good electrochemical performance of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers.Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers indicate a great potential as an anode material for the next generation of high-performance LIBs.
