Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of...Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.展开更多
Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissu...Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissue.Here,we report a novel virus-like nanoparticle,the bioorthgonal engineered viruslike recombinant biosome(reBiosome),for efficient gene therapies of cancer and inflammatory diseases.The mutant virus-like biosome(mBiosome)is first prepared by site-specific codon mutation for displaying 4-azido-L-phenylalanine on vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein of eBiosome at a rational site,and the reBiosome is then prepared by clicking weak acid-responsive hydrophilic polymer onto the mBiosome via bioorthogonal chemistry.The results show that the reBiosome exhibits reduced virus-like immunogenicity,prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced gene delivery efficiency to weakly acidic foci(like tumor and arthritic tissue).Furthermore,reBiosome demonstrates robust therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and arthritis by delivering gene editing and silencing systems,respectively.In conclusion,this study develops a universal,safe and efficient platform for gene therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases.展开更多
Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric r...Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric rise of MoS_(2)material,global opportunities and challenges coexist due to its extremely weak light-matter interaction capability beyond its energy band.In this work,we designed a kind of sandwich resonance structure and investigated MoS_(2)as a perfect absorber in the infrared spectrum that should be transparent according to the optical band theory.The infrared absorption properties of W or Au/MoS_(2)/Au models at 800 nm-2400 nm were systematic simulated.By optimizing the structural parameters,the resonant wavelength of perfect absorption can be modulated from 830 nm to 1700 nm with angle insensitivity and polar independence.Moreover,we discovered that the bandwidth of absorption exceeding 50%of the W-top model reaches500 nm,while that of the Au-top model is less than 100 nm,indicating that the top metal material has a great influence on the resonance absorption spectrum.Our work provides a practical route for enhancing and manipulating the light-matter interactions of low-dimensional materials beyond their own band gaps,which will be critical in the future design and implementation of optoelectronic devices and systems.展开更多
[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term su...[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the progn...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the prognosis of CRC patients. Accumulating evidence reveals that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as oncogenes or anti-oncogenes, as well as biomarkers in various cancers. AIM To investigate the levels and molecular mechanism of the lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in CRC. METHODS The levels of lncRNA MEG3 in CRC tissue, serum and cell line samples were explored via qRT-PCR. The relationship between MEG3 levels and clinicopathological features in CRC was investigated. The diagnostic and prognostic values of serum MEG3 levels were analyzed with ROC curves and KaplanMeier survival curves, respectively. RESULTS Significant decreased levels of MEG3 existed in CRC tissue, cell lines and serum. CRC patients with down-regulated serum MEG3 levels had larger tumor sizes, and advanced clinical stages. The sensitivity and specificity of serum MEG3 levels in CRC detection was 0.667 and 0.875, respectively. Tumor size, T stages, and serum MEG3 levels are indie factors that produce an effect on CRC patients' prognosis. KaplanMeier survival curves suggested that CRC patients with high levels of MEG3 had a remarkably better overall survival rate. CONCLUSION LncRNA MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC, and regulates cell functions by targeting adenosine deaminase’s effect on RNA 1 in CRC.展开更多
Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, ...Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.展开更多
The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)mat...The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)materials with abundant active binding sites and high surface-to-volume ratios have been developed to prepare functional separators that suppress the diffusion of polysulfides.However,the influence of modified layer thickness on Li+transport has not been considered.Herein,we synthesized individual and multilayered 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and used them to fabricate a series of Ti3C2Tx-PP modified separators.The separators had mass loadings ranging from 0.16 to 0.016 mg cm-2,which is the lowest value reported for 2D materials to the best of our knowledge.The corresponding reductions in thickness ranged from 1.2μm to 100 nm.LPS shuttling was effectively suppressed,even at the lowest mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2.Suppression was due to the strong interaction between LPS intermediates and Ti atoms and hydroxyl functional groups on the separator surface.The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient increased with the reduction of Ti3C2Tx layers on the separator.Superior cycling stability and rate performance were attained when the separator with a Ti3C2Tx-PP mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2 was incorporated into a Li–S battery.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were introduced into the separators to further improve the electrical and Li+ionic conductivity in the cross-plane direction of the 2D Ti3C2Txlayers.With the ultralightweight Ti3C2Tx/CNTs modified PP separator,the cell maintained a capacity of 640 m Ah g-1after 200cycles at 1C with a capacity decay of only 0.079%per cycle.展开更多
As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however...As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however,is in great dispute.Unlike chemical drugs,which have clear and validated quality standards,the content of only one(or a few)compounds of many herbs and preparations is currently assessed as an indicator of quality,even though the assessed compound(s)is neither closely associated with the efficacy nor representative of the medicine as a whole.Based on the clinical use,compatibility of multiple component prescriptions,and manufacturing process of TCM,the new concept of a TCM quality marker that was proposed in previous work is discussed further here.In addition,practical technological approaches are described for the qualitative analysis and quantification of TCMs including herbs,processed products,and preparations,which lead to the discovery and identification of specific chemicals as quality markers and new quality control patterns.The progress that has been made in TCM quality control is also addressed.This work provides useful information for the quality control of herbal medicines in the future.展开更多
In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-...In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response,modularization,and flexible installation.Among several battery technologies,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)exhibit high energy efficiency,long cycle life,and relatively high energy density.In this perspective,the properties of LIBs,including their operation mechanism,battery design and construction,and advantages and disadvantages,have been analyzed in detail.Moreover,the performance of LIBs applied to grid-level energy storage systems is analyzed in terms of the following grid services:(1)frequency regulation;(2)peak shifting;(3)integration with renewable energy sources;and(4)power management.In addition,the challenges encountered in the application of LIBs are discussed and possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges are proposed to provide insight into the development of grid-level energy storage systems.展开更多
Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.I...Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.In silico and in vitro Caco-2 cell models were applied to study the potential binding mode of bioactive ingredients existing in liquorice with P-glycoprotein(P-gp),as well as the inhibition effects on P-gp.Additionally,anti-inflammatory activity of aconitine(AC)combined with active ingredients of liquorice,as well as pharmacokinetic patterns of AC after co-administration was investigated.Anti-inflammatory effect of AC(1 mg/kg)in rats was enhanced in combination with bioactive ingredients of liquorice(10 mg/kg).In the meanwhile,the exposure of AC in vivo was altered,in terms of Cmax and AUC.For instance,the Cmax and AUC were increased to 1.9 and 1.3 folds,respectively,when used in combination with liquiritigenin.The in silico study revealed the potential binding mode with outward facing conformation of P-gp.The resulting data obtained from transport of rhodamine-123(Rh-123)across Caco-2 cell monolayer further indicated that the function of P-gp was inhibited by chemicals in liquorice.The synergic effect was therefore proposed to be attributed to inhibition of P-gp by liquorice since AC has been demonstrated to be the substrate of P-gp.The resuls revealed that potential synergic mechanism of Wutou-Gancao herb-pair by inhibiting function of key efflux transporter P-gp to enhance the exposure of AC in systematic circulation,and further the anti-inflammatory effect,which helps clarify the compatibility rationale of these two herbs.展开更多
Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by ...Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by their low transfection efficiency.Here,we report a novel targeting tLyp-1 exosome by gene recombinant engineering for delivery of siRNA to cancer and cancer stem cells.To reach such a purpose,the engineered tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were constructed and amplified in Escherichia coli.The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were further used to transfect HEK293T tool cells and the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were isolated from secretion of the transfected HEK293T cells.Afterwards,the artificially synthesized siRNA was encapsulated into targeting tLyp-1 exosomes by electroporation technology.Finally,the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were used to transfect cancer or cancer stem cells.Results showed that the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes had a nanosized structure(approximately 100 nm)and high transfection efficiency into lung cancer and cancer stem cells.The function verifications demonstrated that the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were able to knock-down the target gene of cancer cells and to reduce the stemness of cancer stem cells.In conclusion,the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes are successfully engineered,and can be used for gene therapy with a high transfection efficiency.Therefore,the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes offer a promising gene delivery platform for future cancer therapy.展开更多
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effe...Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effects and the electrophysiological changes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical treatment, 10 stroke patients with non-severe brainstem lesions and with disturbance of consciousness were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. A quantitative electroencephalography spectral power analysis was also performed. The absolute power in the alpha band was increased immediately after the first repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, and the energy was reduced in the delta band. The alpha band relative power values slightly decreased at 1 day post-treatment, then increased and reached a stable level at 2 weeks post-treatment. Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score were improved. Relative power value in the alpha band was positively related to Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score. These data suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive, safe, and effective treatment technology for improving brain functional activity and promoting awakening in unconscious stroke patients.展开更多
Mesoporous NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2 nanoneedle arrays as electrode materials for supercapacitor grown on a conductive nickel foam were prepared by a facile hydrothermal route. The interconnected mesoporous structure of the NiC...Mesoporous NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2 nanoneedle arrays as electrode materials for supercapacitor grown on a conductive nickel foam were prepared by a facile hydrothermal route. The interconnected mesoporous structure of the NiCo_2O_4 nanoneedle arrays provides a large specific surface area for charge storage.The electrochemically active MnO_2 nanoparticles covered on the surface of NiCo_2O_4 nanoneedle result in a favorable synergistic storage effect because of charge redistribution at the NiCo_2O_4|MnO_2 interface,which reduces the interfacial polarization and facilitates ion diffusion. The initial specific capacitance of NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2(S2) is 1001 F g^(-1) at current density of 15 A g^(-1). The capacity retention of S2 is about87.4% after 4000 cycles, and the specific capacitance of S2 electrode only decreases from 1001 F g^(-1) to736 F g^(-1) even after 10,000 cycles. The first-principles calculations show that a chemical bonding between the NiCo_2O_4 and MnO_2 is not only helpful for stabilizing the composites but also leads to a charge redistribution at the interface, which may lead to a smaller interfacial polarization and thus beneficial for the interfacial capacity. The excellent electrochemical performance of NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2 composites(S2)can be ascribed to the high surface area, unique architecture, MnO_2 nanoparticle modification, reduced charge transfer resistance and stable interface between NiCo_2O_4 and MnO_2. The simple material synthesis and architectural design strategy provides new insights in opportunities to exhibit promising potential for practical application in energy storage.展开更多
Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enha...Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enhancement of its rate capability and cycling stability,especially at high current densities.In this work,we construct one-dimensional Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers by electrospinning method to enhance the kinetic,which realizes high cycling stability.Carbon coating enhances the structure stability,insertion/extraction reversibility of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and facilitates the transfer of Li-ions.Benefited from the unique architecture and component,the Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows an excellent rate capability with a reversible de-lithiation capacity of 370.8,290.6,269.2,254.3 and 244.9 m Ah g^(-1) at 200,300,500,800 and 1000 m A g^(-1),respectively.Even at a higher current density of 1 A g^(-1),Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows high cycling stability with an initial de-lithiation capacity of 237.8 m Ah g^(-1) and a capacity retention rate of about 84%after 500 cycles.The density functional theory calculation result confirms that the introduction of carbon on the surface of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) changes the total density of states of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25),and thus improves electronic conductivity of the composite,resulting in a good electrochemical performance of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers.Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers indicate a great potential as an anode material for the next generation of high-performance LIBs.展开更多
In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles success...In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles successfully deposit on the surface of CoNiO_(2)nanosheet,and benefit the improvement of electrical contact between CoNiO_(2)and CeO_(2).CeO_(2)modification improve the reversibility of insertion/extraction of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and promotes the transport of Li-ions.Benefited of the unique architecture and component,the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites show high-reversible capacities,excellent cycling stability and good rate capability.The CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)(5.0 wt%)shows a charge/discharge capacity of 867.1/843.2 m Ah g^(-1)after 600 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),but the pristine CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet only delivers a charge/discharge capacity of 516.9/517.6 m Ah g^(-1)after 500 cycles.The first-principles calculation reveals that valid interfaces between CeO_(2)and NiCoO_(2)can be formed,and the formation process of the interfaces is exothermic.The strong interfacial interaction resulting in an excellent structure stability and thus a cycling stability of the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)material.This work provides an effective strategy to develop highperformance anode materials for advanced a lithium-ion battery,and the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet shows a sizeable potential as an anode material for next generation of high-energy Li-ion batteries.展开更多
基金Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project,No.2020GGA079Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2021J011380National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.62276146.
文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81874303 and No.82173752 W.L.Lu).
文摘Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases.However,one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissue.Here,we report a novel virus-like nanoparticle,the bioorthgonal engineered viruslike recombinant biosome(reBiosome),for efficient gene therapies of cancer and inflammatory diseases.The mutant virus-like biosome(mBiosome)is first prepared by site-specific codon mutation for displaying 4-azido-L-phenylalanine on vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein of eBiosome at a rational site,and the reBiosome is then prepared by clicking weak acid-responsive hydrophilic polymer onto the mBiosome via bioorthogonal chemistry.The results show that the reBiosome exhibits reduced virus-like immunogenicity,prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced gene delivery efficiency to weakly acidic foci(like tumor and arthritic tissue).Furthermore,reBiosome demonstrates robust therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and arthritis by delivering gene editing and silencing systems,respectively.In conclusion,this study develops a universal,safe and efficient platform for gene therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62105169)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(Grant No.2021J078)Special fund for Talents Project of Ningbo University(Grant No.432094940)。
文摘Light absorption and radiation are fundamental processes in optical science and engineering.Materials with perfect absorption properties play an important role in numerous optical applications.Following the meteoric rise of MoS_(2)material,global opportunities and challenges coexist due to its extremely weak light-matter interaction capability beyond its energy band.In this work,we designed a kind of sandwich resonance structure and investigated MoS_(2)as a perfect absorber in the infrared spectrum that should be transparent according to the optical band theory.The infrared absorption properties of W or Au/MoS_(2)/Au models at 800 nm-2400 nm were systematic simulated.By optimizing the structural parameters,the resonant wavelength of perfect absorption can be modulated from 830 nm to 1700 nm with angle insensitivity and polar independence.Moreover,we discovered that the bandwidth of absorption exceeding 50%of the W-top model reaches500 nm,while that of the Au-top model is less than 100 nm,indicating that the top metal material has a great influence on the resonance absorption spectrum.Our work provides a practical route for enhancing and manipulating the light-matter interactions of low-dimensional materials beyond their own band gaps,which will be critical in the future design and implementation of optoelectronic devices and systems.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(82160386)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2023GXNSFAA0261892021GXNSFAA075042)。
文摘[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and has the fourth highest global cancer mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention can improve quality of life and the prognosis of CRC patients. Accumulating evidence reveals that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as oncogenes or anti-oncogenes, as well as biomarkers in various cancers. AIM To investigate the levels and molecular mechanism of the lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in CRC. METHODS The levels of lncRNA MEG3 in CRC tissue, serum and cell line samples were explored via qRT-PCR. The relationship between MEG3 levels and clinicopathological features in CRC was investigated. The diagnostic and prognostic values of serum MEG3 levels were analyzed with ROC curves and KaplanMeier survival curves, respectively. RESULTS Significant decreased levels of MEG3 existed in CRC tissue, cell lines and serum. CRC patients with down-regulated serum MEG3 levels had larger tumor sizes, and advanced clinical stages. The sensitivity and specificity of serum MEG3 levels in CRC detection was 0.667 and 0.875, respectively. Tumor size, T stages, and serum MEG3 levels are indie factors that produce an effect on CRC patients' prognosis. KaplanMeier survival curves suggested that CRC patients with high levels of MEG3 had a remarkably better overall survival rate. CONCLUSION LncRNA MEG3 is down-regulated in CRC, and regulates cell functions by targeting adenosine deaminase’s effect on RNA 1 in CRC.
文摘Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21706292)support from the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project,China(No.2017TP1001).
文摘The practical application of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries is limited by the easy dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte,resulting in the lithium polysulfide(LPS)shuttle effect.Several two-dimensional(2D)materials with abundant active binding sites and high surface-to-volume ratios have been developed to prepare functional separators that suppress the diffusion of polysulfides.However,the influence of modified layer thickness on Li+transport has not been considered.Herein,we synthesized individual and multilayered 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and used them to fabricate a series of Ti3C2Tx-PP modified separators.The separators had mass loadings ranging from 0.16 to 0.016 mg cm-2,which is the lowest value reported for 2D materials to the best of our knowledge.The corresponding reductions in thickness ranged from 1.2μm to 100 nm.LPS shuttling was effectively suppressed,even at the lowest mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2.Suppression was due to the strong interaction between LPS intermediates and Ti atoms and hydroxyl functional groups on the separator surface.The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient increased with the reduction of Ti3C2Tx layers on the separator.Superior cycling stability and rate performance were attained when the separator with a Ti3C2Tx-PP mass loading of 0.016 mg cm-2 was incorporated into a Li–S battery.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were introduced into the separators to further improve the electrical and Li+ionic conductivity in the cross-plane direction of the 2D Ti3C2Txlayers.With the ultralightweight Ti3C2Tx/CNTs modified PP separator,the cell maintained a capacity of 640 m Ah g-1after 200cycles at 1C with a capacity decay of only 0.079%per cycle.
基金The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFE0121400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430096)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_14R41)the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(006/2015/AMJ)to Y.Xiethe Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(15JCYBJC29500).
文摘As the most important complementary medication against a variety of diseases,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been extensively applied over thousands of years.Current quality control of herbal medicines,however,is in great dispute.Unlike chemical drugs,which have clear and validated quality standards,the content of only one(or a few)compounds of many herbs and preparations is currently assessed as an indicator of quality,even though the assessed compound(s)is neither closely associated with the efficacy nor representative of the medicine as a whole.Based on the clinical use,compatibility of multiple component prescriptions,and manufacturing process of TCM,the new concept of a TCM quality marker that was proposed in previous work is discussed further here.In addition,practical technological approaches are described for the qualitative analysis and quantification of TCMs including herbs,processed products,and preparations,which lead to the discovery and identification of specific chemicals as quality markers and new quality control patterns.The progress that has been made in TCM quality control is also addressed.This work provides useful information for the quality control of herbal medicines in the future.
文摘In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response,modularization,and flexible installation.Among several battery technologies,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)exhibit high energy efficiency,long cycle life,and relatively high energy density.In this perspective,the properties of LIBs,including their operation mechanism,battery design and construction,and advantages and disadvantages,have been analyzed in detail.Moreover,the performance of LIBs applied to grid-level energy storage systems is analyzed in terms of the following grid services:(1)frequency regulation;(2)peak shifting;(3)integration with renewable energy sources;and(4)power management.In addition,the challenges encountered in the application of LIBs are discussed and possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges are proposed to provide insight into the development of grid-level energy storage systems.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(Grant2016YFE0121400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81430096)+2 种基金Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(006/2015/AMJ to Y.Xie)the program of Changjiang Scholars and innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT_14R41)Tianjin Natural and Science Foundation(No.17YFZCSY01170)。
文摘Wutou-Gancao herb-pair is extensively used to attenuate the toxicity and enhance the efficacy of aconite.In this study,potential synergic mechanism of the herb pair was investigated by utilizing multiple ap-proaches.In silico and in vitro Caco-2 cell models were applied to study the potential binding mode of bioactive ingredients existing in liquorice with P-glycoprotein(P-gp),as well as the inhibition effects on P-gp.Additionally,anti-inflammatory activity of aconitine(AC)combined with active ingredients of liquorice,as well as pharmacokinetic patterns of AC after co-administration was investigated.Anti-inflammatory effect of AC(1 mg/kg)in rats was enhanced in combination with bioactive ingredients of liquorice(10 mg/kg).In the meanwhile,the exposure of AC in vivo was altered,in terms of Cmax and AUC.For instance,the Cmax and AUC were increased to 1.9 and 1.3 folds,respectively,when used in combination with liquiritigenin.The in silico study revealed the potential binding mode with outward facing conformation of P-gp.The resulting data obtained from transport of rhodamine-123(Rh-123)across Caco-2 cell monolayer further indicated that the function of P-gp was inhibited by chemicals in liquorice.The synergic effect was therefore proposed to be attributed to inhibition of P-gp by liquorice since AC has been demonstrated to be the substrate of P-gp.The resuls revealed that potential synergic mechanism of Wutou-Gancao herb-pair by inhibiting function of key efflux transporter P-gp to enhance the exposure of AC in systematic circulation,and further the anti-inflammatory effect,which helps clarify the compatibility rationale of these two herbs.
基金Funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.81673367 and 81874303)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Key Grant no.7181004).
文摘Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by their low transfection efficiency.Here,we report a novel targeting tLyp-1 exosome by gene recombinant engineering for delivery of siRNA to cancer and cancer stem cells.To reach such a purpose,the engineered tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were constructed and amplified in Escherichia coli.The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were further used to transfect HEK293T tool cells and the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were isolated from secretion of the transfected HEK293T cells.Afterwards,the artificially synthesized siRNA was encapsulated into targeting tLyp-1 exosomes by electroporation technology.Finally,the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were used to transfect cancer or cancer stem cells.Results showed that the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes had a nanosized structure(approximately 100 nm)and high transfection efficiency into lung cancer and cancer stem cells.The function verifications demonstrated that the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were able to knock-down the target gene of cancer cells and to reduce the stemness of cancer stem cells.In conclusion,the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes are successfully engineered,and can be used for gene therapy with a high transfection efficiency.Therefore,the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes offer a promising gene delivery platform for future cancer therapy.
基金founded by Committee of Science and Technology, Fengtai District of Beijing City in 2010,No.xm101223
文摘Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effects and the electrophysiological changes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical treatment, 10 stroke patients with non-severe brainstem lesions and with disturbance of consciousness were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. A quantitative electroencephalography spectral power analysis was also performed. The absolute power in the alpha band was increased immediately after the first repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, and the energy was reduced in the delta band. The alpha band relative power values slightly decreased at 1 day post-treatment, then increased and reached a stable level at 2 weeks post-treatment. Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score were improved. Relative power value in the alpha band was positively related to Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score. These data suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive, safe, and effective treatment technology for improving brain functional activity and promoting awakening in unconscious stroke patients.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 51774002 and 21773060)Anhui Provincial Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars (no. gxyqZD2016066)
文摘Mesoporous NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2 nanoneedle arrays as electrode materials for supercapacitor grown on a conductive nickel foam were prepared by a facile hydrothermal route. The interconnected mesoporous structure of the NiCo_2O_4 nanoneedle arrays provides a large specific surface area for charge storage.The electrochemically active MnO_2 nanoparticles covered on the surface of NiCo_2O_4 nanoneedle result in a favorable synergistic storage effect because of charge redistribution at the NiCo_2O_4|MnO_2 interface,which reduces the interfacial polarization and facilitates ion diffusion. The initial specific capacitance of NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2(S2) is 1001 F g^(-1) at current density of 15 A g^(-1). The capacity retention of S2 is about87.4% after 4000 cycles, and the specific capacitance of S2 electrode only decreases from 1001 F g^(-1) to736 F g^(-1) even after 10,000 cycles. The first-principles calculations show that a chemical bonding between the NiCo_2O_4 and MnO_2 is not only helpful for stabilizing the composites but also leads to a charge redistribution at the interface, which may lead to a smaller interfacial polarization and thus beneficial for the interfacial capacity. The excellent electrochemical performance of NiCo_2O_4@MnO_2 composites(S2)can be ascribed to the high surface area, unique architecture, MnO_2 nanoparticle modification, reduced charge transfer resistance and stable interface between NiCo_2O_4 and MnO_2. The simple material synthesis and architectural design strategy provides new insights in opportunities to exhibit promising potential for practical application in energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1960107)the“333”Talent Project of Hebei Province(A202005018)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2123034 and N2123001)Hebei Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material,Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao(HKDEFM2021201)。
文摘Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)because of its low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,the inherently poor conductivity significantly limits the enhancement of its rate capability and cycling stability,especially at high current densities.In this work,we construct one-dimensional Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers by electrospinning method to enhance the kinetic,which realizes high cycling stability.Carbon coating enhances the structure stability,insertion/extraction reversibility of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and facilitates the transfer of Li-ions.Benefited from the unique architecture and component,the Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows an excellent rate capability with a reversible de-lithiation capacity of 370.8,290.6,269.2,254.3 and 244.9 m Ah g^(-1) at 200,300,500,800 and 1000 m A g^(-1),respectively.Even at a higher current density of 1 A g^(-1),Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C(6.6 wt%)nanofiber shows high cycling stability with an initial de-lithiation capacity of 237.8 m Ah g^(-1) and a capacity retention rate of about 84%after 500 cycles.The density functional theory calculation result confirms that the introduction of carbon on the surface of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25) changes the total density of states of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25),and thus improves electronic conductivity of the composite,resulting in a good electrochemical performance of Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers.Li_(5)Cr_(7)Ti_(6)O_(25)/C nanofibers indicate a great potential as an anode material for the next generation of high-performance LIBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.U1960107 and 21773060)Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of China(no.2017YFE0124300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.N182304014)
文摘In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles successfully deposit on the surface of CoNiO_(2)nanosheet,and benefit the improvement of electrical contact between CoNiO_(2)and CeO_(2).CeO_(2)modification improve the reversibility of insertion/extraction of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and promotes the transport of Li-ions.Benefited of the unique architecture and component,the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites show high-reversible capacities,excellent cycling stability and good rate capability.The CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)(5.0 wt%)shows a charge/discharge capacity of 867.1/843.2 m Ah g^(-1)after 600 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),but the pristine CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet only delivers a charge/discharge capacity of 516.9/517.6 m Ah g^(-1)after 500 cycles.The first-principles calculation reveals that valid interfaces between CeO_(2)and NiCoO_(2)can be formed,and the formation process of the interfaces is exothermic.The strong interfacial interaction resulting in an excellent structure stability and thus a cycling stability of the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)material.This work provides an effective strategy to develop highperformance anode materials for advanced a lithium-ion battery,and the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet shows a sizeable potential as an anode material for next generation of high-energy Li-ion batteries.
