In the present study,selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist CGP20712A and selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI 118551 were administered to isolated cardiomyocytes from young （4-6 months）,aged （18-...In the present study,selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist CGP20712A and selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI 118551 were administered to isolated cardiomyocytes from young （4-6 months）,aged （18-20 months）,and clonidine-pretreated aged （18-20 months） Sprague-Dawley rats.Cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude was measured to assess cardiomyocyte response to the β-adrenergic receptor agonist,isoprenaline.CGP20712A reduced cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude in young and aged groups and significantly reduced contraction amplitude in cells from young rats.ICI 118551 had no effect on cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude in young rats,but significantly decreased contraction amplitude in the aged groups,in particular in the clonidine-pretreated aged rats.Results demonstrated that reduced central sympathetic tone improved cardiomyocyte contraction in aged rats by improving the response of β2-adrenergic receptor to isoprenaline.展开更多
The anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) has improved the physical stability of flurbiprofen(FBP) suspension, which was suspended by 0.2%(w/v) hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC, K4 M). Therefore, the physica...The anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) has improved the physical stability of flurbiprofen(FBP) suspension, which was suspended by 0.2%(w/v) hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC, K4 M). Therefore, the physical stability of FBP suspensions and the interaction of HPMC/SDS were studied, and a certain association between them was revealed. The antisolvent precipitation method was used to prepare suspensions. The apparent drug concentration from different sites was evaluated to get the dispersion of drug actually. The process of flocculation and deflocculation with the addition of SDS was caught by analyzing the morphology of the suspended particles. The physical stability of the FBP suspensions was characterized mainly by measuring the re-dispersion time, the zeta potential and particle size. Meanwhile, conductivity measurements were carried out to obtain the characteristic concentrations of SDS in HPMC/SDS system. The viscosities, the abilities for improving the solubility and wettability of FBP in the separate and mixed HPMC/SDS solutions were also contrasted respectively. The suspensions prepared with HPMC/SDS possessed better physical stability. The suspensions were uniform when the concentration of SDS was between the critical adsorption concentration(CAC) and the polymer saturation point(PSP). After PSP, the uniformity became worse and worse until the SDS was enough to form a deflocculation state. Besides, the re-dispersion time of FBP suspensions was longest when the concentration of SDS around CAC and shorter by shorter after the critical micelle concentration(CMC). The article provided a new sight on the relation between the interaction of excipient matrix and pharmaceutical preparations.展开更多
Image reconstruction through the opaque medium has great significance in fields of biophotonics,optical imaging,mesoscopic physics,and optical communications.Previous researches are limited in the simple linear scatte...Image reconstruction through the opaque medium has great significance in fields of biophotonics,optical imaging,mesoscopic physics,and optical communications.Previous researches are limited in the simple linear scattering process.Here,we develop a nonlinear speckle decoder network,which can reconstruct the phase information of the fundamental frequency wave via the nonlinear scattering signal.Further,we validate the ability of our model to recover simple and complex structures by using MNIST and CIFAR data sets,respectively.We then show that the model is able to restore the image information through different sets of nonlinear diffusers and reconstruct the image of a kind of completely unseen object category.The proposed method paves the way to nonlinear scattering imaging and information encryption.展开更多
Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,ther...Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,there are no therapies targeting the secretion and maturation of sulfomucin in IBD.Herein,we biosynthesized poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)and found that PHB could alleviate inflammation caused by diarrhea and colitis by enhancing the differentiation of sulfomucin.Microbiota transplantation and clearance together demonstrate that PHB promoting sulfomucin is mediated by Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii).Further studies revealed that PHB provides a favorable niche for L.johnsonii biofilm formation to resist disturbance and support its growth.L.johnsonii-biofilm alleviates colitis by regulating fucose residues to promote goblet cell differentiation and subsequent sulfomucin maturation.Importantly,PHB alleviates colitis by enhancing sulfomucin secretion and maturation in a L.johnsonii-dependent manner.PHB represents a class of guardians,acting as a safe probiotic-biofilm delivery system that significantly promotes probiotic proliferation.Altogether,this study adds weight to the possible role of probiotics and functional materials in the treatment of intestinal inflammation.The application of PHB and biofilm self-coating L.johnsonii carries high translational potential and may be of clinical relevance.展开更多
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes arrays(VACNTs)are a promising candidate for the thermal interface material(TIM)of next-generation electronic devices due to their attractive thermal and mechanical properties.Howeve...Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes arrays(VACNTs)are a promising candidate for the thermal interface material(TIM)of next-generation electronic devices due to their attractive thermal and mechanical properties.However,the environment required for synthesizing VACNTs is harsh and severely incompatible with standard device packaging processes.VACNTs’extremely low in-plane thermal conductivity also limits its performance for cooling hot spots.Here,using a transfer-and-encapsulate strategy,a two-step soldering method is developed to cap both ends of the VACNTs with copper microfoils,forming a standalone Cu-VACNTs-Cu sandwich TIM and avoiding the need to directly grow VACNTs on chip die.This new TIM is fully compatible with standard packaging,with excellent flexibility and high thermal conductivities in both in-plane and through-plane directions.The mechanical compliance behavior and mechanism,which are critical for TIM applications,are investigated in depth using in situ nanoindentation.The thermal performance is further verified in an actual light emitting diode(LED)cooling experiment,demonstrating low thermal resistance,good reliability,and achieving a 17℃ temperature reduction compared with state-of-the-art commercial TIMs.This study provides a viable solution to VACNTs’longstanding problem in device integration and free-end contact resistance,bringing it much closer to application and solving the critical thermal bottleneck in next-generation electronics.展开更多
As a candidate technique to achieve sixth-generation wireless communication(6G),reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)has become popular in both academia and industry.For better exploration of the advantages of RIS,w...As a candidate technique to achieve sixth-generation wireless communication(6G),reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)has become popular in both academia and industry.For better exploration of the advantages of RIS,we compare the performances of RIS and network-controlled repeater(NCR)in 3GPP release-18.We first theoretically analyze the received signal power and signal-to-noise ratio performances for both RIS and NCR.Then,we simulate the reference signal received power and signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio performances at the system level for both RIS and NCR in the frequency range 1 and frequency range 2 bands.Finally,several insights on engineering applications are given based on the comparison between RIS and NCR.展开更多
In this work,based on the role of pre-ionization of the non-uniform electric field and its effect of reducing the collisional ionization coefficient,a diffuse dielectric barrier discharge plasma is formed in the open ...In this work,based on the role of pre-ionization of the non-uniform electric field and its effect of reducing the collisional ionization coefficient,a diffuse dielectric barrier discharge plasma is formed in the open space outside the electrode structure at a lower voltage by constructing a three-dimensional non-uniform spatial electric field using a contact electrode structure.The air purification study is also carried out.Firstly,a contact electrode structure is constructed using a three-dimensional wire electrode.The distribution characteristics of the spatial electric field formed by this electrode structure are analyzed,and the effects of the non-uniform electric field and the different angles of the vertical wire on the generation of three-dimensional spatial diffuse discharge are investigated.Secondly,the copper foam contact electrode structure is constructed using copper foam material,and the effects of different mesh sizes on the electric field distribution are analyzed.The results show that as the mesh size of the copper foam becomes larger,a strong electric field region exists not only on the surface of the insulating layer,but also on the surface of the vertical wires inside the copper foam,i.e.,the strong electric field region shows a three-dimensional distribution.Besides,as the mesh size increases,the area of the vertical strong electric field also increases.However,the electric field strength on the surface of the insulating layer gradually decreases.Therefore,the appropriate mesh size can effectively increase the discharge area,which is conducive to improving the air purification efficiency.Finally,a highly permeable stacked electrode structure of multilayer wire-copper foam is designed.In combination with an ozone treatment catalyst,an air purification device is fabricated,and the air purification experiment is carried out.展开更多
Two-dimensional silicon carbide（2d-SiC） is a viable material for next generation electronics due to its moderate,direct bandgap with huge potential.In particular,its potential for p–n junctions is yet to be explore...Two-dimensional silicon carbide（2d-SiC） is a viable material for next generation electronics due to its moderate,direct bandgap with huge potential.In particular,its potential for p–n junctions is yet to be explored.In this paper,three types of 2d-SiC-based p–n junctions with different doping configuration are modeled.The doping configurations refer to partially replacing carbon with boron or nitrogen atoms along the zigzag or armchair direction,respectively.By employing density functional theory,we calculate the transport properties of the SiC based p–n junctions and obtain negative differential resistance and high rectification ratio.We also find that the junction along the zigzag direction with lower doping density exhibits optimized rectification performance.Our study suggests that 2d-SiC is a promising candidate as a material platform for future nano-devices.展开更多
基金the President Support Funding of Xuzhou Medical College,No.09KJZ31the Social Development Program of Xuzhou,No.XM08C063
文摘In the present study,selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist CGP20712A and selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI 118551 were administered to isolated cardiomyocytes from young （4-6 months）,aged （18-20 months）,and clonidine-pretreated aged （18-20 months） Sprague-Dawley rats.Cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude was measured to assess cardiomyocyte response to the β-adrenergic receptor agonist,isoprenaline.CGP20712A reduced cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude in young and aged groups and significantly reduced contraction amplitude in cells from young rats.ICI 118551 had no effect on cardiomyocyte contraction amplitude in young rats,but significantly decreased contraction amplitude in the aged groups,in particular in the clonidine-pretreated aged rats.Results demonstrated that reduced central sympathetic tone improved cardiomyocyte contraction in aged rats by improving the response of β2-adrenergic receptor to isoprenaline.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473161 and No.81273445)
文摘The anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) has improved the physical stability of flurbiprofen(FBP) suspension, which was suspended by 0.2%(w/v) hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC, K4 M). Therefore, the physical stability of FBP suspensions and the interaction of HPMC/SDS were studied, and a certain association between them was revealed. The antisolvent precipitation method was used to prepare suspensions. The apparent drug concentration from different sites was evaluated to get the dispersion of drug actually. The process of flocculation and deflocculation with the addition of SDS was caught by analyzing the morphology of the suspended particles. The physical stability of the FBP suspensions was characterized mainly by measuring the re-dispersion time, the zeta potential and particle size. Meanwhile, conductivity measurements were carried out to obtain the characteristic concentrations of SDS in HPMC/SDS system. The viscosities, the abilities for improving the solubility and wettability of FBP in the separate and mixed HPMC/SDS solutions were also contrasted respectively. The suspensions prepared with HPMC/SDS possessed better physical stability. The suspensions were uniform when the concentration of SDS was between the critical adsorption concentration(CAC) and the polymer saturation point(PSP). After PSP, the uniformity became worse and worse until the SDS was enough to form a deflocculation state. Besides, the re-dispersion time of FBP suspensions was longest when the concentration of SDS around CAC and shorter by shorter after the critical micelle concentration(CMC). The article provided a new sight on the relation between the interaction of excipient matrix and pharmaceutical preparations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12192252,12374314)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1407200).
文摘Image reconstruction through the opaque medium has great significance in fields of biophotonics,optical imaging,mesoscopic physics,and optical communications.Previous researches are limited in the simple linear scattering process.Here,we develop a nonlinear speckle decoder network,which can reconstruct the phase information of the fundamental frequency wave via the nonlinear scattering signal.Further,we validate the ability of our model to recover simple and complex structures by using MNIST and CIFAR data sets,respectively.We then show that the model is able to restore the image information through different sets of nonlinear diffusers and reconstruct the image of a kind of completely unseen object category.The proposed method paves the way to nonlinear scattering imaging and information encryption.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930106 and 31829004)+3 种基金the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2022TC033)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(1041-00109019)the Henan Province Public Benefit Research Foundation(201300111200-05)the 111 Project(B16044)。
文摘Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,there are no therapies targeting the secretion and maturation of sulfomucin in IBD.Herein,we biosynthesized poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)and found that PHB could alleviate inflammation caused by diarrhea and colitis by enhancing the differentiation of sulfomucin.Microbiota transplantation and clearance together demonstrate that PHB promoting sulfomucin is mediated by Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii).Further studies revealed that PHB provides a favorable niche for L.johnsonii biofilm formation to resist disturbance and support its growth.L.johnsonii-biofilm alleviates colitis by regulating fucose residues to promote goblet cell differentiation and subsequent sulfomucin maturation.Importantly,PHB alleviates colitis by enhancing sulfomucin secretion and maturation in a L.johnsonii-dependent manner.PHB represents a class of guardians,acting as a safe probiotic-biofilm delivery system that significantly promotes probiotic proliferation.Altogether,this study adds weight to the possible role of probiotics and functional materials in the treatment of intestinal inflammation.The application of PHB and biofilm self-coating L.johnsonii carries high translational potential and may be of clinical relevance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52076041)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200371)the Nanjing Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.202211009)。
文摘Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes arrays(VACNTs)are a promising candidate for the thermal interface material(TIM)of next-generation electronic devices due to their attractive thermal and mechanical properties.However,the environment required for synthesizing VACNTs is harsh and severely incompatible with standard device packaging processes.VACNTs’extremely low in-plane thermal conductivity also limits its performance for cooling hot spots.Here,using a transfer-and-encapsulate strategy,a two-step soldering method is developed to cap both ends of the VACNTs with copper microfoils,forming a standalone Cu-VACNTs-Cu sandwich TIM and avoiding the need to directly grow VACNTs on chip die.This new TIM is fully compatible with standard packaging,with excellent flexibility and high thermal conductivities in both in-plane and through-plane directions.The mechanical compliance behavior and mechanism,which are critical for TIM applications,are investigated in depth using in situ nanoindentation.The thermal performance is further verified in an actual light emitting diode(LED)cooling experiment,demonstrating low thermal resistance,good reliability,and achieving a 17℃ temperature reduction compared with state-of-the-art commercial TIMs.This study provides a viable solution to VACNTs’longstanding problem in device integration and free-end contact resistance,bringing it much closer to application and solving the critical thermal bottleneck in next-generation electronics.
文摘As a candidate technique to achieve sixth-generation wireless communication(6G),reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)has become popular in both academia and industry.For better exploration of the advantages of RIS,we compare the performances of RIS and network-controlled repeater(NCR)in 3GPP release-18.We first theoretically analyze the received signal power and signal-to-noise ratio performances for both RIS and NCR.Then,we simulate the reference signal received power and signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio performances at the system level for both RIS and NCR in the frequency range 1 and frequency range 2 bands.Finally,several insights on engineering applications are given based on the comparison between RIS and NCR.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022YJS094)。
文摘In this work,based on the role of pre-ionization of the non-uniform electric field and its effect of reducing the collisional ionization coefficient,a diffuse dielectric barrier discharge plasma is formed in the open space outside the electrode structure at a lower voltage by constructing a three-dimensional non-uniform spatial electric field using a contact electrode structure.The air purification study is also carried out.Firstly,a contact electrode structure is constructed using a three-dimensional wire electrode.The distribution characteristics of the spatial electric field formed by this electrode structure are analyzed,and the effects of the non-uniform electric field and the different angles of the vertical wire on the generation of three-dimensional spatial diffuse discharge are investigated.Secondly,the copper foam contact electrode structure is constructed using copper foam material,and the effects of different mesh sizes on the electric field distribution are analyzed.The results show that as the mesh size of the copper foam becomes larger,a strong electric field region exists not only on the surface of the insulating layer,but also on the surface of the vertical wires inside the copper foam,i.e.,the strong electric field region shows a three-dimensional distribution.Besides,as the mesh size increases,the area of the vertical strong electric field also increases.However,the electric field strength on the surface of the insulating layer gradually decreases.Therefore,the appropriate mesh size can effectively increase the discharge area,which is conducive to improving the air purification efficiency.Finally,a highly permeable stacked electrode structure of multilayer wire-copper foam is designed.In combination with an ozone treatment catalyst,an air purification device is fabricated,and the air purification experiment is carried out.
基金Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.61474099,61674127)the ZJ-NSF(No.Z17F04003)
文摘Two-dimensional silicon carbide（2d-SiC） is a viable material for next generation electronics due to its moderate,direct bandgap with huge potential.In particular,its potential for p–n junctions is yet to be explored.In this paper,three types of 2d-SiC-based p–n junctions with different doping configuration are modeled.The doping configurations refer to partially replacing carbon with boron or nitrogen atoms along the zigzag or armchair direction,respectively.By employing density functional theory,we calculate the transport properties of the SiC based p–n junctions and obtain negative differential resistance and high rectification ratio.We also find that the junction along the zigzag direction with lower doping density exhibits optimized rectification performance.Our study suggests that 2d-SiC is a promising candidate as a material platform for future nano-devices.
