Objective:To rapidly assess the effectiveness,safety,economy,and applicability of Shaoma Zhijing granule(SZG)for the treatment of children with tic disorders(TD),and provide currently available best evidence for decis...Objective:To rapidly assess the effectiveness,safety,economy,and applicability of Shaoma Zhijing granule(SZG)for the treatment of children with tic disorders(TD),and provide currently available best evidence for decision-makers of health policies.Methods:We conducted a rapid health technology assessment(RHTA)to explore the value of SZG.A systematic literature search in eight literature databases and on three clinical trial registration platforms was performed.The literature was screened according to eligibility criteria.The screening process and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers,and the quality of the literature was also assessed.The results were summarized,analyzed,and presented in tables or figures.Results:A total of five randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study,of which one was published in English(in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)and four in Chinese journals.The overall risk of bias for the five RCTs was evaluated as“some concerns.”SZG monotherapy or in combi-nation with tiapride was better than tiapride alone in improving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and tic symptoms,with a daily cost of¥67.50e107.22.Adverse events were mainly related to the digestive,respiratory,and neurological systems,but all were mild.Conclusion:Overall,the current RHTA of published,peer-reviewed literature has located a small body of evidence evaluating the use of SZG for the treatment of TD in children.SZG has effects on improving TCM syndromes and tic symptoms;the daily cost is¥67.50e107.22;and all adverse events are mild.High-quality studies with long-term follow-up should be conducted,so as to provide local evidence and consistently guide and improve scientific decision-making.展开更多
There is a growing need to understand traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in modern scientific terms.TCM possesses the dual attributes of science and the humanities.At present,medical science and technology are progressi...There is a growing need to understand traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in modern scientific terms.TCM possesses the dual attributes of science and the humanities.At present,medical science and technology are progressing,while humanistic ethics are being neglected.TCM embodies the interaction between imagery and conceptual thinking,which can be explained from the following three aspects:imagery as an internal driving force for cultural rejuvenation,return to the true self and guarding of the root of life,and cosmology(harmony between man and nature).In the post-modern era,“people-oriented”medical values will lead to integrations between science and humanities,holism and reductionism,imagery-based thinking and conceptual thinking,systematic research and descriptive research,and evidence-based medicine and narrative medicine.展开更多
The work presented in this paper was conducted to quantify the relationship between the pore characteristics and mechanical properties of white sandstone.The study include tests carried out under the coupling effects ...The work presented in this paper was conducted to quantify the relationship between the pore characteristics and mechanical properties of white sandstone.The study include tests carried out under the coupling effects of chemical corrosion,temperature,nuclear magnetic resonance,and mechanical tests.Computer fractal theory was employed to describe and quantify the characteristics of the growth of pores in white sandstone under the same coupling effect.A custom developed program code,in the MATLAB software platform,was used for calculating the growths of the pores in white sandstone when subjected to coupling effects.The correlation between the computer fractal dimension of the growth of the pores in rock and characteristics of mechanical damage was accordingly analyzed.The results showed that when the temperature was set at a level lower than 100°C,it caused damage to the rock and strength reduction,primarily due to the rates of chemical reactions,the generation,and evolution of pores in the rock mass under the coupling effects of chemical corrosion and temperature.Overall,it was observed that the higher the value of the computer fractal dimension,the higher the growth of the pores,and the lower the uniaxial compressive strength of the white sandstone.展开更多
The antiknock capability and thermal protection performance of rescue capsules mainly depend on the structural design of the cabin.By designing a new type of cabin structure,it can resist the impact of explosion shock...The antiknock capability and thermal protection performance of rescue capsules mainly depend on the structural design of the cabin.By designing a new type of cabin structure,it can resist the impact of explosion shock waves and thermal shocks.In this paper,a new honeycomb-like cabin is proposed;the model has a novel thermal insulation layer design.Then,the antiknock capabilities and thermal protection analysis are carried out by using computer software.The“Autodyn”analysis module in ANSYS Workbench 17.0 has been used to simulate the explosion of TNT with a certain quality in a single room.The pressure map over time and the pressure variation curve at different locations for a single room are obtained.Through the analysis module“Transient Structural,”the stress and deformation of the honeycomb-like cabin under the blast load are simulated.The“Transient Thermal”analysis module in the finite element software is used to conduct a transient thermal analysis on the cabin structure.The temperature map and the temperature rise curve of each layer of the cabin cases are obtained.The analysis results indicate that the honeycomb-like cabin design has a good antiknock capability and thermal protection performance,and it can meet the usage requirements of the rescue capsule under dangerous conditions.展开更多
Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City,China,by January 30,2020,a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in ...Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City,China,by January 30,2020,a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China.Among the confirmed cases,1527 were severe cases,171 had recovered and been discharged at home,and 213 died.And among these cases,a total of 28 children aged from 1 month to 17 years have been reported in China.For standardizing prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infections in children,we called up an experts' committee to formulate this experts' consensus statement.This statement is based on the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric virus infections.The present consensus statement summarizes current strategies on diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in children.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of combination extract of Renshen(Panax Ginseng),Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus),Yuanzhi(Radix Palygalae) and Jianghuang(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae)(GEPT) in ...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of combination extract of Renshen(Panax Ginseng),Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus),Yuanzhi(Radix Palygalae) and Jianghuang(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae)(GEPT) in treating Alzheimer's disease on the target of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β).METHODS:Three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into ten groups(n=12 per group) and intragastrically administrated vehicle or medicines:APP group was given 0.5% CMC,donepezil group was given donepezil(APP + D group)(0.92 mg/kg-1·day-1),and GEPT groups were given small dose of GEPT(APP+Gs group)(0.075 g/kg-1·day-1),medium dose(APP+Gm group)(0.15 g/kg-1·day-1),and large dose(APP+Gl group)(0.30 g/kg-1·day-1) for 4 or 8 months,respectively.Three-month-old C57BL/6J mice as vehicle controls(n=12) were given 0.5% CMC for 4 or 8 months as well.The GSK-3β expression in the cortex of 7-and 11-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice with and without GEPT or donepezil treatment and normal C57BL/6J mice were measured via Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Immunohistochemistry analysis showed significant increase of GSK-3β in the cerebral cortex of 7-month-old APP group(compare to control group P=0.003),while the GSK-3β expression of donepezil or GEPT group were all significantly decreased(Donepezil vs APP:P=0.041;Gl vs APP:P= 0.049;Gm vs APP:P=0.029;Gh vs APP:P=0.036).Western blot analysis showed similar results.The densitometric measures of GSK-3β in APP mice increased significantly as compared with the control group(P=0.008).And the GSK-3β expression in donepezil and GEPT groups were all decreased.There was significant difference between Gh group or donepezil group and the control group(P=0.05).Similar findings were shown in the 11-month-old mice in each group,except for greater decrease of GSK-3β in the GEPT group.CONCLUSION:GEPT can effectively decrease the level of GSK-3β expression in the brain cortex of APPV717I transgenic mice,and such effect is more significant in 11-month-old mice.This partially explains the neuroprotecting mechanism of GEPT in preventing and treating of AD.展开更多
During adaptive radiation,mitochondria have co-evolved with their hosts,leading to gain or loss of subunits and assembly factors of respiratory complexes.Plant mitochondrial complex Ⅰ harbors40 nuclearand 9 mitochond...During adaptive radiation,mitochondria have co-evolved with their hosts,leading to gain or loss of subunits and assembly factors of respiratory complexes.Plant mitochondrial complex Ⅰ harbors40 nuclearand 9 mitochondrial-encoded subunits,and is formed by stepwise assembly during which different intermediates are integrated via various assembly factors.In mammals,the mitochondrial complex Ⅰ intermediate assembly(MCIA)complex is required for building the membrane arm module.However,plants have lost almost all of the MCIA complex components,giving rise to the hypothesis that plants follow an ancestral pathway to assemble the membrane arm subunits.Here,we characterize a maize crumpled seed mutant,crk1,and reveal by map-based cloning that CRK1 encodes an ortholog of human complex Ⅰ assembly factor 1,zNDUFAF1,the only evolutionarily conserved MCIA subunit in plants.zNDUFAF1 is localized in the mitochondria and accumulates in two intermediate complexes that contain complex Ⅰ membrane arm subunits.Disruption of zNDUFAF1 results in severe defects in complex Ⅰ assembly and activity,a cellular bioenergetic shift to aerobic glycolysis,and mitochondrial vacuolation.Moreover,we found that zNDUFAF1,the putative mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase ZmTIM17-1,and the isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase ZmIVD1 interact each other,and could be co-precipitated from the mitochondria and co-migrate in the same assembly intermediates.Knockout of either ZmTIM17-1 or ZmIVD1 could lead to the significantly reduced complex Ⅰ stability and activity as well as defective seeds.These results suggest that zNDUFAF1,ZmTIM17-1 and ZmIVD1 probably form an MCIA-like complex that is essential for the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex Ⅰ and seed development in maize.Our findings also imply that plants and mammals recruit MCIA subunits independently for mitochondrial complex Ⅰ assembly,highlighting the importance of parallel evolution in mitochondria adaptation to their hosts.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82174239)China Academy of Chinese Med-ical Sciences Innovation Fund(CI2021A00701-3 and CI2021A05503)China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020YJSZX-2).
文摘Objective:To rapidly assess the effectiveness,safety,economy,and applicability of Shaoma Zhijing granule(SZG)for the treatment of children with tic disorders(TD),and provide currently available best evidence for decision-makers of health policies.Methods:We conducted a rapid health technology assessment(RHTA)to explore the value of SZG.A systematic literature search in eight literature databases and on three clinical trial registration platforms was performed.The literature was screened according to eligibility criteria.The screening process and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers,and the quality of the literature was also assessed.The results were summarized,analyzed,and presented in tables or figures.Results:A total of five randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study,of which one was published in English(in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)and four in Chinese journals.The overall risk of bias for the five RCTs was evaluated as“some concerns.”SZG monotherapy or in combi-nation with tiapride was better than tiapride alone in improving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and tic symptoms,with a daily cost of¥67.50e107.22.Adverse events were mainly related to the digestive,respiratory,and neurological systems,but all were mild.Conclusion:Overall,the current RHTA of published,peer-reviewed literature has located a small body of evidence evaluating the use of SZG for the treatment of TD in children.SZG has effects on improving TCM syndromes and tic symptoms;the daily cost is¥67.50e107.22;and all adverse events are mild.High-quality studies with long-term follow-up should be conducted,so as to provide local evidence and consistently guide and improve scientific decision-making.
文摘There is a growing need to understand traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in modern scientific terms.TCM possesses the dual attributes of science and the humanities.At present,medical science and technology are progressing,while humanistic ethics are being neglected.TCM embodies the interaction between imagery and conceptual thinking,which can be explained from the following three aspects:imagery as an internal driving force for cultural rejuvenation,return to the true self and guarding of the root of life,and cosmology(harmony between man and nature).In the post-modern era,“people-oriented”medical values will lead to integrations between science and humanities,holism and reductionism,imagery-based thinking and conceptual thinking,systematic research and descriptive research,and evidence-based medicine and narrative medicine.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51674149)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018PEE005)+1 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining(SKLCRSM19KF015)the Research Fund of the Key Laboratory of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Education(MDPC201915).
文摘The work presented in this paper was conducted to quantify the relationship between the pore characteristics and mechanical properties of white sandstone.The study include tests carried out under the coupling effects of chemical corrosion,temperature,nuclear magnetic resonance,and mechanical tests.Computer fractal theory was employed to describe and quantify the characteristics of the growth of pores in white sandstone under the same coupling effect.A custom developed program code,in the MATLAB software platform,was used for calculating the growths of the pores in white sandstone when subjected to coupling effects.The correlation between the computer fractal dimension of the growth of the pores in rock and characteristics of mechanical damage was accordingly analyzed.The results showed that when the temperature was set at a level lower than 100°C,it caused damage to the rock and strength reduction,primarily due to the rates of chemical reactions,the generation,and evolution of pores in the rock mass under the coupling effects of chemical corrosion and temperature.Overall,it was observed that the higher the value of the computer fractal dimension,the higher the growth of the pores,and the lower the uniaxial compressive strength of the white sandstone.
基金This article was funded by the project(no.51674149)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.The authors wish to acknowledge the support。
文摘The antiknock capability and thermal protection performance of rescue capsules mainly depend on the structural design of the cabin.By designing a new type of cabin structure,it can resist the impact of explosion shock waves and thermal shocks.In this paper,a new honeycomb-like cabin is proposed;the model has a novel thermal insulation layer design.Then,the antiknock capabilities and thermal protection analysis are carried out by using computer software.The“Autodyn”analysis module in ANSYS Workbench 17.0 has been used to simulate the explosion of TNT with a certain quality in a single room.The pressure map over time and the pressure variation curve at different locations for a single room are obtained.Through the analysis module“Transient Structural,”the stress and deformation of the honeycomb-like cabin under the blast load are simulated.The“Transient Thermal”analysis module in the finite element software is used to conduct a transient thermal analysis on the cabin structure.The temperature map and the temperature rise curve of each layer of the cabin cases are obtained.The analysis results indicate that the honeycomb-like cabin design has a good antiknock capability and thermal protection performance,and it can meet the usage requirements of the rescue capsule under dangerous conditions.
文摘Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City,China,by January 30,2020,a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China.Among the confirmed cases,1527 were severe cases,171 had recovered and been discharged at home,and 213 died.And among these cases,a total of 28 children aged from 1 month to 17 years have been reported in China.For standardizing prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infections in children,we called up an experts' committee to formulate this experts' consensus statement.This statement is based on the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric virus infections.The present consensus statement summarizes current strategies on diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in children.
基金Supported by Grant from the Innovative Research Team for Alzheimer's Disease's Prevention and Treatment of Ministry of Education of China (No. IRT-08-010)the Project on Absorption of Intellects by Institutions of Higher Education for Academic Disciplinary Innovations (the "111 Project") (No.B08006)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30973738)the National Key Technology R & D Program(No. 2009BA177B09)the Technological Platform of Clinical Evaluation and Research for New Herbal Medicinal Products(No. 2011ZX09302-006-01)the Innovative Research Team in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (No. 2011-CXTD-21)Research Fund of Capital Medical Development (No.SF-2009-Ⅲ-11)the Study of Secondary Prevention with Chinese Herbal Medicine for Chronic Diseases (No.Z111107056811043)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of combination extract of Renshen(Panax Ginseng),Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus),Yuanzhi(Radix Palygalae) and Jianghuang(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae)(GEPT) in treating Alzheimer's disease on the target of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β).METHODS:Three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into ten groups(n=12 per group) and intragastrically administrated vehicle or medicines:APP group was given 0.5% CMC,donepezil group was given donepezil(APP + D group)(0.92 mg/kg-1·day-1),and GEPT groups were given small dose of GEPT(APP+Gs group)(0.075 g/kg-1·day-1),medium dose(APP+Gm group)(0.15 g/kg-1·day-1),and large dose(APP+Gl group)(0.30 g/kg-1·day-1) for 4 or 8 months,respectively.Three-month-old C57BL/6J mice as vehicle controls(n=12) were given 0.5% CMC for 4 or 8 months as well.The GSK-3β expression in the cortex of 7-and 11-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice with and without GEPT or donepezil treatment and normal C57BL/6J mice were measured via Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Immunohistochemistry analysis showed significant increase of GSK-3β in the cerebral cortex of 7-month-old APP group(compare to control group P=0.003),while the GSK-3β expression of donepezil or GEPT group were all significantly decreased(Donepezil vs APP:P=0.041;Gl vs APP:P= 0.049;Gm vs APP:P=0.029;Gh vs APP:P=0.036).Western blot analysis showed similar results.The densitometric measures of GSK-3β in APP mice increased significantly as compared with the control group(P=0.008).And the GSK-3β expression in donepezil and GEPT groups were all decreased.There was significant difference between Gh group or donepezil group and the control group(P=0.05).Similar findings were shown in the 11-month-old mice in each group,except for greater decrease of GSK-3β in the GEPT group.CONCLUSION:GEPT can effectively decrease the level of GSK-3β expression in the brain cortex of APPV717I transgenic mice,and such effect is more significant in 11-month-old mice.This partially explains the neuroprotecting mechanism of GEPT in preventing and treating of AD.
基金supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China 2021YFF1000303(to Guifeng Wang)grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1804235 to Guifeng Wang,32001562 to Q.S.).
文摘During adaptive radiation,mitochondria have co-evolved with their hosts,leading to gain or loss of subunits and assembly factors of respiratory complexes.Plant mitochondrial complex Ⅰ harbors40 nuclearand 9 mitochondrial-encoded subunits,and is formed by stepwise assembly during which different intermediates are integrated via various assembly factors.In mammals,the mitochondrial complex Ⅰ intermediate assembly(MCIA)complex is required for building the membrane arm module.However,plants have lost almost all of the MCIA complex components,giving rise to the hypothesis that plants follow an ancestral pathway to assemble the membrane arm subunits.Here,we characterize a maize crumpled seed mutant,crk1,and reveal by map-based cloning that CRK1 encodes an ortholog of human complex Ⅰ assembly factor 1,zNDUFAF1,the only evolutionarily conserved MCIA subunit in plants.zNDUFAF1 is localized in the mitochondria and accumulates in two intermediate complexes that contain complex Ⅰ membrane arm subunits.Disruption of zNDUFAF1 results in severe defects in complex Ⅰ assembly and activity,a cellular bioenergetic shift to aerobic glycolysis,and mitochondrial vacuolation.Moreover,we found that zNDUFAF1,the putative mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase ZmTIM17-1,and the isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase ZmIVD1 interact each other,and could be co-precipitated from the mitochondria and co-migrate in the same assembly intermediates.Knockout of either ZmTIM17-1 or ZmIVD1 could lead to the significantly reduced complex Ⅰ stability and activity as well as defective seeds.These results suggest that zNDUFAF1,ZmTIM17-1 and ZmIVD1 probably form an MCIA-like complex that is essential for the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex Ⅰ and seed development in maize.Our findings also imply that plants and mammals recruit MCIA subunits independently for mitochondrial complex Ⅰ assembly,highlighting the importance of parallel evolution in mitochondria adaptation to their hosts.
