Background and Objective Cancer metastasis is not only the malignant characteristics of lung cancer, but also the key cause of failure to cure and high mortality. It has been proved
Chiral quaternary phosphonium ion-pair catalysis showcases a distinctive catalytic and stereoinductive mode arising from the synergy between ionic and noncovalent interactions.Over recent decades,this methodology has ...Chiral quaternary phosphonium ion-pair catalysis showcases a distinctive catalytic and stereoinductive mode arising from the synergy between ionic and noncovalent interactions.Over recent decades,this methodology has been widely adopted to facilitate enantioselective nucleophilic addition reactions,including conjugate addition,Henry reaction,Mannich reaction,Strecker reaction,and hydrophosphonylation.This strategy has been successfully applied to the synthesis of numerous structurally diverse and multifunctionalized molecules,featuring challenging stereogenic centers.This minireview specifically highlights the accomplishments in asymmetric nucleophilic addition facilitated by chiral quaternary phosphonium catalysts.Its purpose is to cultivate interest among researchers,encouraging more engagement in this field and establishing quaternary phosphonium ion-pair catalysis as a potent and dependable tool for synthetic and pharmaceutical chemists.展开更多
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs)are a group of signaling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-b(TGF-b)superfamily of proteins.Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation,BMPs a...Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs)are a group of signaling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-b(TGF-b)superfamily of proteins.Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation,BMPs are now known to play crucial roles in all organ systems.BMPs are important in embryogenesis and development,and also in maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis.Mouse knockout models of various components of the BMP signaling pathway result in embryonic lethality or marked defects,highlighting the essential functions of BMPs.In this review,we first outline the basic aspects of BMP signaling and then focus on genetically manipulated mouse knockout models that have helped elucidate the role of BMPs in development.A significant portion of this review is devoted to the prominent human pathologies associated with dysregulated BMP signaling.展开更多
A simple and direct route for double C–C bond formation by copper-catalyzed Meerwein carboarylation process has been developed. In the presence of Cu I(5 mol%), tert-butyl nitrite and anilines, a wide variety of N-ar...A simple and direct route for double C–C bond formation by copper-catalyzed Meerwein carboarylation process has been developed. In the presence of Cu I(5 mol%), tert-butyl nitrite and anilines, a wide variety of N-arylacrylamides underwent tandem Meerwein arylation/C–H cyclization to produce pharmaceutically important 3-benzyl-3-alkyloxindole in moderate to good yield.展开更多
The Hippo signaling pathway was first discovered in Drosophila as a conserved regulator of organ size.Genetic inactivation in mice demonstrates that the Hippo pathway functions as a fundamental inhibitor of organ grow...The Hippo signaling pathway was first discovered in Drosophila as a conserved regulator of organ size.Genetic inactivation in mice demonstrates that the Hippo pathway functions as a fundamental inhibitor of organ growth during development,and as a critical tumor suppressor in epithelial tissues.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaScience Foundation of Sichuan University (No. 30070333 and No.200349)
文摘Background and Objective Cancer metastasis is not only the malignant characteristics of lung cancer, but also the key cause of failure to cure and high mortality. It has been proved
基金Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22222109,21921002,22101189,21897002,and 31972290)the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(grant no.BNLMS202101)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(grant nos.2023NSFSC1921,2022NSFSC1181,and 24NSFSC6590)the Fundamental Research Funds from Sichuan University(grant no.2020SCUNL108)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Chiral quaternary phosphonium ion-pair catalysis showcases a distinctive catalytic and stereoinductive mode arising from the synergy between ionic and noncovalent interactions.Over recent decades,this methodology has been widely adopted to facilitate enantioselective nucleophilic addition reactions,including conjugate addition,Henry reaction,Mannich reaction,Strecker reaction,and hydrophosphonylation.This strategy has been successfully applied to the synthesis of numerous structurally diverse and multifunctionalized molecules,featuring challenging stereogenic centers.This minireview specifically highlights the accomplishments in asymmetric nucleophilic addition facilitated by chiral quaternary phosphonium catalysts.Its purpose is to cultivate interest among researchers,encouraging more engagement in this field and establishing quaternary phosphonium ion-pair catalysis as a potent and dependable tool for synthetic and pharmaceutical chemists.
基金The reported work was in part supported by research grants from the National Institutes of Health(AR50142 and AR054381 to RCH and HHL)RW,JG,and OI were recipients of the Pritzker Summer Research Fellowship funded through a NIH T-35 training grant(NIDDK).AH was a recipient of the Urban Leadership Fellowship from Miami University.
文摘Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs)are a group of signaling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-b(TGF-b)superfamily of proteins.Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation,BMPs are now known to play crucial roles in all organ systems.BMPs are important in embryogenesis and development,and also in maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis.Mouse knockout models of various components of the BMP signaling pathway result in embryonic lethality or marked defects,highlighting the essential functions of BMPs.In this review,we first outline the basic aspects of BMP signaling and then focus on genetically manipulated mouse knockout models that have helped elucidate the role of BMPs in development.A significant portion of this review is devoted to the prominent human pathologies associated with dysregulated BMP signaling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21462017)China Posdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2014M560649)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(13B094)the Fund of Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneur for Hunan Young Talentsthe Project Sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry for the financial and infrastructural assistance
文摘A simple and direct route for double C–C bond formation by copper-catalyzed Meerwein carboarylation process has been developed. In the presence of Cu I(5 mol%), tert-butyl nitrite and anilines, a wide variety of N-arylacrylamides underwent tandem Meerwein arylation/C–H cyclization to produce pharmaceutically important 3-benzyl-3-alkyloxindole in moderate to good yield.
基金supported in part by research grants from the National Institutes of Health(AT004418 and CA106569 to TCH).
文摘The Hippo signaling pathway was first discovered in Drosophila as a conserved regulator of organ size.Genetic inactivation in mice demonstrates that the Hippo pathway functions as a fundamental inhibitor of organ growth during development,and as a critical tumor suppressor in epithelial tissues.
