BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated that the brains of adolescents with depression exhibit distinct structural alterations.However,preliminary studies have documented the pathophysiological changes in certain b...BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated that the brains of adolescents with depression exhibit distinct structural alterations.However,preliminary studies have documented the pathophysiological changes in certain brain regions,such as the cerebellum,highlighting a need for further research to support the current understanding of this disease.AIM To study brain changes in depressed adolescents.METHODS This study enrolled 34 adolescents with depression and 34 age-,sex-,and education-level-matched healthy control(HC)individuals.Structural and functional alterations were identified when comparing the brains of these two participant groups through voxel-based morphometry and cerebral blood flow(CBF)analysis,respectively.Associations between identified brain alterations and the severity of depressive symptoms were explored through Pearson correlation analyses.RESULTS The cerebellum,superior frontal gyrus,cingulate gyrus,pallidum,middle frontal gyrus,angular gyrus,thalamus,precentral gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,and supplementary motor areas of adolescents with depression showed an increase in brain volume compared to HC individuals.These patients with depression further presented with a pronounced drop in CBF in the left pallidum(group=98,and peak t=-4.4324),together with increased CBF in the right percental gyrus(PerCG)(group=90,and peak t=4.5382).In addition,17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were significantly correlated with the increased volume in the opercular portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus(r=-0.5231,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The right PerCG showed structural and CBF changes,indicating that research on this part of the brain could offer insight into the pathophysiological causes of impaired cognition.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of chronic sleep deprivation(CSD)on bone microstructure and peak bone mass(PBM)in SD rats.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into CSD group and control group.In the ...Objective:To investigate the effects of chronic sleep deprivation(CSD)on bone microstructure and peak bone mass(PBM)in SD rats.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into CSD group and control group.In the CSD group,a CSD model was established using a new sleep deprivation instrument for rats and mice,and intervened for 5 weeks.Bone turnover markers including P1NP and CTX-1 before and after the experiment were observed.After the experiment,the left femur were scanned by Micro-CT,and the cortical bone and bone trabecula were three-dimensionally reconstructed,respectively.The bone mineral density(BMD)and relevant parameters were detected.Results:CT images of the femur(proximal ends)showed significant trabecular loss in CSD rats.Trabecular parameters including bone volume fraction(BV/TV),trabecular number(Tb.N)and trabecular separation(Tb.Sp)in the CSD group were all lower than those in the control group.The bone cortex of the middle segment of the femur and tibia in CSD rats was also lower than that in the control group.The parameters of bone cortex including total tissue area(Tt.Ar),cortical bone area(Ct.Ar)and cortical bone thickness(Ct.Th)in the CSD group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).After chronic CSD,BMD of both bone trabecula and bone cortex of the femur was lower,while the corresponding P1NP and CTX-1 were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusion:Sleep plays an important role in PBM formation.CSD accelerates bone turnover and thus significantly reducing PBM in SD rats.展开更多
基金Supported by The Project of Scientific Research and Innovative Experiment for College Students in Chongqing Medical University,No.202215the Provincial Project of University Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,No.202210631015.
文摘BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated that the brains of adolescents with depression exhibit distinct structural alterations.However,preliminary studies have documented the pathophysiological changes in certain brain regions,such as the cerebellum,highlighting a need for further research to support the current understanding of this disease.AIM To study brain changes in depressed adolescents.METHODS This study enrolled 34 adolescents with depression and 34 age-,sex-,and education-level-matched healthy control(HC)individuals.Structural and functional alterations were identified when comparing the brains of these two participant groups through voxel-based morphometry and cerebral blood flow(CBF)analysis,respectively.Associations between identified brain alterations and the severity of depressive symptoms were explored through Pearson correlation analyses.RESULTS The cerebellum,superior frontal gyrus,cingulate gyrus,pallidum,middle frontal gyrus,angular gyrus,thalamus,precentral gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,and supplementary motor areas of adolescents with depression showed an increase in brain volume compared to HC individuals.These patients with depression further presented with a pronounced drop in CBF in the left pallidum(group=98,and peak t=-4.4324),together with increased CBF in the right percental gyrus(PerCG)(group=90,and peak t=4.5382).In addition,17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were significantly correlated with the increased volume in the opercular portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus(r=-0.5231,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The right PerCG showed structural and CBF changes,indicating that research on this part of the brain could offer insight into the pathophysiological causes of impaired cognition.
基金2020 Youth Training Fund Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University(No.202010)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of chronic sleep deprivation(CSD)on bone microstructure and peak bone mass(PBM)in SD rats.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into CSD group and control group.In the CSD group,a CSD model was established using a new sleep deprivation instrument for rats and mice,and intervened for 5 weeks.Bone turnover markers including P1NP and CTX-1 before and after the experiment were observed.After the experiment,the left femur were scanned by Micro-CT,and the cortical bone and bone trabecula were three-dimensionally reconstructed,respectively.The bone mineral density(BMD)and relevant parameters were detected.Results:CT images of the femur(proximal ends)showed significant trabecular loss in CSD rats.Trabecular parameters including bone volume fraction(BV/TV),trabecular number(Tb.N)and trabecular separation(Tb.Sp)in the CSD group were all lower than those in the control group.The bone cortex of the middle segment of the femur and tibia in CSD rats was also lower than that in the control group.The parameters of bone cortex including total tissue area(Tt.Ar),cortical bone area(Ct.Ar)and cortical bone thickness(Ct.Th)in the CSD group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).After chronic CSD,BMD of both bone trabecula and bone cortex of the femur was lower,while the corresponding P1NP and CTX-1 were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusion:Sleep plays an important role in PBM formation.CSD accelerates bone turnover and thus significantly reducing PBM in SD rats.
