The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high,which negatively affects countries,schools,families,and individual students to varying degrees.This paper reviews the relevant literature re...The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high,which negatively affects countries,schools,families,and individual students to varying degrees.This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders among college students from the perspectives of different stakeholders.Risk factors at the national and societal levels include class differences and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.College-level risk factors include the indoor environment design of the college environment,peer relationships,student satisfaction with college culture,and school functional levels.Family-level risk factors include parenting style,family relationship,and parental level of education.Individual-level risk factors include biological factors,lifestyle,and personality.Among the intervention options for college students'anxiety disorders,in addition to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy,mindfulness-based interventions,psychological counseling,and group counseling,digital mental health interventions are increasingly popular due to their low cost,positive effect,and convenient diagnostics and treatment.To better apply digital intervention to the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety,this paper suggests that the different stakeholders form a synergy among themselves.The nation and society should provide necessary policy guarantees,financial support,and moral and ethical supervision for the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety disorders.Colleges should actively participate in the screening and intervention of college students'anxiety disorders.Families should increase their awareness of college students'anxiety disorders and take the initiative to study and understand various digital intervention methods.College students with anxiety disorders should actively seek psychological assistance and actively accept and participate in digital intervention projects and services.We believe that in the future,the application of methods such as big data and artificial intelligence to improve digital interventions and provide individualized treatment plans will become the primary means of preventing and treating anxiety disorders among college students.展开更多
Currently,a proportion of adolescents use alcohol,tobacco,and illicit drugs,which inevitably harms their health and academic progress.Adolescence is a peak period for substance use initiation and a critical time for p...Currently,a proportion of adolescents use alcohol,tobacco,and illicit drugs,which inevitably harms their health and academic progress.Adolescence is a peak period for substance use initiation and a critical time for preventing substance use problems.Various entities,such as families,schools,and communities,have implemented a variety of interventions to alleviate adolescent substance use problems,and schools play a unique role.To explore the types,characteristics,and effectiveness of substance use interventions in educational settings for adolescents,we conducted a scoping review and identified 32 studies after screening.We divided the 32 studies according to intervention type,including curriculum interventions focusing on cognitive-behavioral skill enhancement,exercise interventions,peer interventions and family-school cooperation,and electronic interventions.Except for the mixed results on electronic interventions,the results showed that the other interventions were beneficial to different extents in alleviating adolescent substance use problems.In addition,we analyzed and summarized the advantages and challenges of intervening in adolescent substance use in educational settings.Schools can use equipment and human resources to provide adolescents with various types of intervention measures,but they also face challenges such as stigmatization,ineffective coordination among multiple resources,and poor implementation effects.In the future,school-based intervention measures can fully utilize big data and artificial intelligence technology and collaborate with families and communities to intervene appropriately while paying attention to the comorbidity risks of substance use disorders and psychological health issues.展开更多
With the gradual end of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the reconstruction of students’mental health is urgently necessary.Digital interventions offer advantages such as high accessibility,anonymity,an...With the gradual end of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the reconstruction of students’mental health is urgently necessary.Digital interventions offer advantages such as high accessibility,anonymity,and accurate identification,which can promote the reconstruction of students’mental health through the provision of psychological support platforms,psychological assessment tools,and online mental health activities.However,we recognize that digital interventions must undergo many adjustments,and corresponding ethical norms require further clarification.It is crucial for different stakeholders to collaborate and work toward maximizing the effectiveness of digital interventions for the reconstruction of mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic.展开更多
The high prevalence of depression among college students has a strong negative impact on individual physical and mental health,academic development,and interpersonal communication.This paper reviewed the extant litera...The high prevalence of depression among college students has a strong negative impact on individual physical and mental health,academic development,and interpersonal communication.This paper reviewed the extant literature by identifying nonpathological factors related to college students'depression,investigating the methods of predicting depression,and exploring nonpharmaceutical interventions for college students'depression.The influencing factors of college students'depression mainly fell into four categories:biological factors,personality and psychological state,college experience,and lifestyle.The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 has exacerbated the severity of depression among college students worldwide and poses grave challenges to the prevention and treatment of depression,given that the coronavirus has spread quickly with high infection rates,and the pandemic has changed the daily routines of college life.To predict and measure mental health,more advanced methods,such as machine algorithms and artificial intelligence,have emerged in recent years apart from the traditional commonly used psychological scales.Regarding nonpharmaceutical prevention measures,both general measures and professional measures for the prevention and treatment of college students'depression were examined in this study.Students who experience depressive disorders need family support and personalized interventions at college,which should also be supplemented by professional interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and online therapy.Through this literature review,we insist that the technology of identification,prediction,and prevention of depression among college students based on big data platforms will be extensively used in the future.Higher education institutions should understand the potential risk factors related to college students'depression and make more accurate screening and prevention available with the help of advanced technologies.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the complications and outcomes of descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK) combined with artisan aphakia intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in severely damaged eyes without capsula...AIM: To evaluate the complications and outcomes of descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK) combined with artisan aphakia intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in severely damaged eyes without capsular support.METHODS: DSAEK combined with artisan iris claw IOL implantation was performed on 29 eyes. All eyes were of abnormal structure due to complications from prior intraocular surgeries and ocular trauma. Ocular complications observed included graft dislocations, high intraocular pressure(IOP), IOL dislocations, macular edema and hyphema. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), IOP and mean central endothelial cell density(ECD) were recorded.RESULTS: Thirteen eyes had a history of ocular trauma, 10 eyes had an anterior chamber IOL, 16 eyes had prior vitrectomy. The iris was abnormal in 22 cases. Graft dislocation occurred in 5(17.2%) of 29 eyes. IOL dislocation occurred in 2 eyes(6.9%). High IOP was found in 9 eyes and was controlled with treatment. The preoperative mean BCVA was 20/286. The 6 mo postoperative mean BCVA was 20/42. The average center ECD was 1965.3 cells/mm^2 at 6 mo, and the rate of the donor cell loss was 34.7%.CONCLUSION: DSAEK combined with artisan aphakia IOL implantation is an alternative option for resolving endothelial and lens disorders in aphakic eyes without capsular support. However, it should be performed cautiously for eyes with severe iris defects.展开更多
The lack of targeted and high-efficiency drug delivery to the central nervous system(CNS)nidus is the main problem in the treatment of demyelinating disease.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)possess great promise as a drug d...The lack of targeted and high-efficiency drug delivery to the central nervous system(CNS)nidus is the main problem in the treatment of demyelinating disease.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)possess great promise as a drug delivery vector given their advanced features.However,clinical applications are limited because of their inadequate targeting ability and the“dilution effects”after systemic administration.Neural stem cells(NSCs)supply a plentiful source of EVs on account of their extraordinary capacity for self-renewal.Here,we have developed a novel therapeutic system using EVs from modified NSCs with high expressed ligand PDGF-A(EVPs)and achieve local delivery.It has been demonstrated that EVPs greatly enhance the target capability on oligodendrocyte lineage.Moreover,EVPs are used for embedding triiodothyronine(T3),a thyroid hormone that is critical for oligodendrocyte development but has serious side effects when systemically administered.Our results demonstrated that systemic injection of EVPs+T3,versus EVPs or T3 administration individually,markedly alleviated disease development,enhanced oligodendrocyte survival,inhibited myelin damage,and promoted myelin regeneration in the lesions of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.Taken together,our findings showed that engineered EVPs possess a remarkable CNS lesion targeting potential that offers a potent therapeutic strategy for CNS demyelinating diseases as well as neuroinflammation.展开更多
Objective This study is aimed to investigate the differences in pharmaceutical quality and therapeutic efficacy of calcipotriol ointments between the original product and the generics.Methods We evaluated the pharmace...Objective This study is aimed to investigate the differences in pharmaceutical quality and therapeutic efficacy of calcipotriol ointments between the original product and the generics.Methods We evaluated the pharmaceutical quality of the original product and the generics including pH,content and related substance,and calcipotriol stability in the matrix.Intradermal retention of calcipotriol ointments in vitro was investigated using skin of Bama miniature pig.The pharmacodynamics study was performed in psoriasis guinea pig models.Results The matrix of original product is better than the generics,and influenced the drug diffusion,stability and in vitro retention,thus resulted in the difference in pharmacodynamics.The retention amount of calcipotriol in the original product was significantly higher than that of generic B,and approximately 4 folds higher than that of generic A.All of the three ointments improved pathological indexed in psoriasis guinea pigs,and there was a significant difference between the preparation group and the model group (P =0.001).Guinea pigs in the original group had the lowest interleukin-17 level (35.7 ± 1.13 μg/ml) and Baker Score (2.70 ± 0.97) compared with generic A (37.9 ±3.3 μg/ml,3.10 ± 0.22,respectively) and generic B (39 ± 4.6μg/ml,3.80 ± 0.57,respectively),but no statistical difference was found among the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Difference occurs in the internal quality between the original product and the generics.The original preparation owns suitable balance between matrix stability and transdermal ability so that showes superiority in pharmaceutical properties,intradermal retention and therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo,which suggests that more attention should be paid to the formulation and process during the research and development of the generics.The original product is recommended with priority for treatment especially at emergency.展开更多
文摘The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high,which negatively affects countries,schools,families,and individual students to varying degrees.This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders among college students from the perspectives of different stakeholders.Risk factors at the national and societal levels include class differences and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.College-level risk factors include the indoor environment design of the college environment,peer relationships,student satisfaction with college culture,and school functional levels.Family-level risk factors include parenting style,family relationship,and parental level of education.Individual-level risk factors include biological factors,lifestyle,and personality.Among the intervention options for college students'anxiety disorders,in addition to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy,mindfulness-based interventions,psychological counseling,and group counseling,digital mental health interventions are increasingly popular due to their low cost,positive effect,and convenient diagnostics and treatment.To better apply digital intervention to the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety,this paper suggests that the different stakeholders form a synergy among themselves.The nation and society should provide necessary policy guarantees,financial support,and moral and ethical supervision for the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety disorders.Colleges should actively participate in the screening and intervention of college students'anxiety disorders.Families should increase their awareness of college students'anxiety disorders and take the initiative to study and understand various digital intervention methods.College students with anxiety disorders should actively seek psychological assistance and actively accept and participate in digital intervention projects and services.We believe that in the future,the application of methods such as big data and artificial intelligence to improve digital interventions and provide individualized treatment plans will become the primary means of preventing and treating anxiety disorders among college students.
文摘Currently,a proportion of adolescents use alcohol,tobacco,and illicit drugs,which inevitably harms their health and academic progress.Adolescence is a peak period for substance use initiation and a critical time for preventing substance use problems.Various entities,such as families,schools,and communities,have implemented a variety of interventions to alleviate adolescent substance use problems,and schools play a unique role.To explore the types,characteristics,and effectiveness of substance use interventions in educational settings for adolescents,we conducted a scoping review and identified 32 studies after screening.We divided the 32 studies according to intervention type,including curriculum interventions focusing on cognitive-behavioral skill enhancement,exercise interventions,peer interventions and family-school cooperation,and electronic interventions.Except for the mixed results on electronic interventions,the results showed that the other interventions were beneficial to different extents in alleviating adolescent substance use problems.In addition,we analyzed and summarized the advantages and challenges of intervening in adolescent substance use in educational settings.Schools can use equipment and human resources to provide adolescents with various types of intervention measures,but they also face challenges such as stigmatization,ineffective coordination among multiple resources,and poor implementation effects.In the future,school-based intervention measures can fully utilize big data and artificial intelligence technology and collaborate with families and communities to intervene appropriately while paying attention to the comorbidity risks of substance use disorders and psychological health issues.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project“Research on Value-added Evaluation of Career Adaptability for Engineering Students Oriented towards Outstanding Engineers”,No.TJJXQN22-001.
文摘With the gradual end of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the reconstruction of students’mental health is urgently necessary.Digital interventions offer advantages such as high accessibility,anonymity,and accurate identification,which can promote the reconstruction of students’mental health through the provision of psychological support platforms,psychological assessment tools,and online mental health activities.However,we recognize that digital interventions must undergo many adjustments,and corresponding ethical norms require further clarification.It is crucial for different stakeholders to collaborate and work toward maximizing the effectiveness of digital interventions for the reconstruction of mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic.
文摘The high prevalence of depression among college students has a strong negative impact on individual physical and mental health,academic development,and interpersonal communication.This paper reviewed the extant literature by identifying nonpathological factors related to college students'depression,investigating the methods of predicting depression,and exploring nonpharmaceutical interventions for college students'depression.The influencing factors of college students'depression mainly fell into four categories:biological factors,personality and psychological state,college experience,and lifestyle.The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 has exacerbated the severity of depression among college students worldwide and poses grave challenges to the prevention and treatment of depression,given that the coronavirus has spread quickly with high infection rates,and the pandemic has changed the daily routines of college life.To predict and measure mental health,more advanced methods,such as machine algorithms and artificial intelligence,have emerged in recent years apart from the traditional commonly used psychological scales.Regarding nonpharmaceutical prevention measures,both general measures and professional measures for the prevention and treatment of college students'depression were examined in this study.Students who experience depressive disorders need family support and personalized interventions at college,which should also be supplemented by professional interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and online therapy.Through this literature review,we insist that the technology of identification,prediction,and prevention of depression among college students based on big data platforms will be extensively used in the future.Higher education institutions should understand the potential risk factors related to college students'depression and make more accurate screening and prevention available with the help of advanced technologies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30871315No.31140025No.31271045)
文摘AIM: To evaluate the complications and outcomes of descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK) combined with artisan aphakia intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in severely damaged eyes without capsular support.METHODS: DSAEK combined with artisan iris claw IOL implantation was performed on 29 eyes. All eyes were of abnormal structure due to complications from prior intraocular surgeries and ocular trauma. Ocular complications observed included graft dislocations, high intraocular pressure(IOP), IOL dislocations, macular edema and hyphema. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), IOP and mean central endothelial cell density(ECD) were recorded.RESULTS: Thirteen eyes had a history of ocular trauma, 10 eyes had an anterior chamber IOL, 16 eyes had prior vitrectomy. The iris was abnormal in 22 cases. Graft dislocation occurred in 5(17.2%) of 29 eyes. IOL dislocation occurred in 2 eyes(6.9%). High IOP was found in 9 eyes and was controlled with treatment. The preoperative mean BCVA was 20/286. The 6 mo postoperative mean BCVA was 20/42. The average center ECD was 1965.3 cells/mm^2 at 6 mo, and the rate of the donor cell loss was 34.7%.CONCLUSION: DSAEK combined with artisan aphakia IOL implantation is an alternative option for resolving endothelial and lens disorders in aphakic eyes without capsular support. However, it should be performed cautiously for eyes with severe iris defects.
基金This study was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.31970771,82071396,81771345)the Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Foundation(Grant Nos.2021ZDLSF03-09)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Projects of Ningxia Autonomous Region Key R&D Programs(2018BFG02017)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province,China(Grant Nos.2020AAC03397)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.GK202007022,GK202105002,TD2020039Y,2020CSLZ009,2021CSZL008).
文摘The lack of targeted and high-efficiency drug delivery to the central nervous system(CNS)nidus is the main problem in the treatment of demyelinating disease.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)possess great promise as a drug delivery vector given their advanced features.However,clinical applications are limited because of their inadequate targeting ability and the“dilution effects”after systemic administration.Neural stem cells(NSCs)supply a plentiful source of EVs on account of their extraordinary capacity for self-renewal.Here,we have developed a novel therapeutic system using EVs from modified NSCs with high expressed ligand PDGF-A(EVPs)and achieve local delivery.It has been demonstrated that EVPs greatly enhance the target capability on oligodendrocyte lineage.Moreover,EVPs are used for embedding triiodothyronine(T3),a thyroid hormone that is critical for oligodendrocyte development but has serious side effects when systemically administered.Our results demonstrated that systemic injection of EVPs+T3,versus EVPs or T3 administration individually,markedly alleviated disease development,enhanced oligodendrocyte survival,inhibited myelin damage,and promoted myelin regeneration in the lesions of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.Taken together,our findings showed that engineered EVPs possess a remarkable CNS lesion targeting potential that offers a potent therapeutic strategy for CNS demyelinating diseases as well as neuroinflammation.
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Program of the Higher Education Institution of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.XJEDU2011i33),Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373248)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.81525015)
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81460286)the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(GDUPS)(2017)China
文摘Objective This study is aimed to investigate the differences in pharmaceutical quality and therapeutic efficacy of calcipotriol ointments between the original product and the generics.Methods We evaluated the pharmaceutical quality of the original product and the generics including pH,content and related substance,and calcipotriol stability in the matrix.Intradermal retention of calcipotriol ointments in vitro was investigated using skin of Bama miniature pig.The pharmacodynamics study was performed in psoriasis guinea pig models.Results The matrix of original product is better than the generics,and influenced the drug diffusion,stability and in vitro retention,thus resulted in the difference in pharmacodynamics.The retention amount of calcipotriol in the original product was significantly higher than that of generic B,and approximately 4 folds higher than that of generic A.All of the three ointments improved pathological indexed in psoriasis guinea pigs,and there was a significant difference between the preparation group and the model group (P =0.001).Guinea pigs in the original group had the lowest interleukin-17 level (35.7 ± 1.13 μg/ml) and Baker Score (2.70 ± 0.97) compared with generic A (37.9 ±3.3 μg/ml,3.10 ± 0.22,respectively) and generic B (39 ± 4.6μg/ml,3.80 ± 0.57,respectively),but no statistical difference was found among the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Difference occurs in the internal quality between the original product and the generics.The original preparation owns suitable balance between matrix stability and transdermal ability so that showes superiority in pharmaceutical properties,intradermal retention and therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo,which suggests that more attention should be paid to the formulation and process during the research and development of the generics.The original product is recommended with priority for treatment especially at emergency.
