Grouting is a widely used approach to reinforce broken surrounding rock mass during the construction of underground tunnels in fault fracture zones,and its reinforcement effectiveness is highly affected by geostress.I...Grouting is a widely used approach to reinforce broken surrounding rock mass during the construction of underground tunnels in fault fracture zones,and its reinforcement effectiveness is highly affected by geostress.In this study,a numerical manifold method(NMM)based simulator has been developed to examine the impact of geostress conditions on grouting reinforcement during tunnel excavation.To develop this simulator,a detection technique for identifying slurry migration channels and an improved fluid-solid coupling(FeS)framework,which considers the influence of fracture properties and geostress states,is developed and incorporated into a zero-thickness cohesive element(ZE)based NMM(Co-NMM)for simulating tunnel excavation.Additionally,to simulate coagulation of injected slurry,a bonding repair algorithm is further proposed based on the ZE model.To verify the accuracy of the proposed simulator,a series of simulations about slurry migration in single fractures and fracture networks are numerically reproduced,and the results align well with analytical and laboratory test results.Furthermore,these numerical results show that neglecting the influence of geostress condition can lead to a serious over-estimation of slurry migration range and reinforcement effectiveness.After validations,a series of simulations about tunnel grouting reinforcement and tunnel excavation in fault fracture zones with varying fracture densities under different geostress conditions are conducted.Based on these simula-tions,the influence of geostress conditions and the optimization of grouting schemes are discussed.展开更多
The single-shot readout data process is essential for the realization of high-fidelity qubits and fault-tolerant quantum algorithms in semiconductor quantum dots. However, the fidelity and visibility of the readout pr...The single-shot readout data process is essential for the realization of high-fidelity qubits and fault-tolerant quantum algorithms in semiconductor quantum dots. However, the fidelity and visibility of the readout process are sensitive to the choice of the thresholds and limited by the experimental hardware. By demonstrating the linear dependence between the measured spin state probabilities and readout visibilities along with dark counts, we describe an alternative threshold-independent method for the single-shot readout of spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots. We can obtain the extrapolated spin state probabilities of the prepared probabilities of the excited spin state through the threshold-independent method. We then analyze the corresponding errors of the method, finding that errors of the extrapolated probabilities cannot be neglected with no constraints on the readout time and threshold voltage. Therefore, by limiting the readout time and threshold voltage, we ensure the accuracy of the extrapolated probability. We then prove that the efficiency and robustness of this method are 60 times larger than those of the most commonly used method. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the electron temperature on the effective area with a fixed external magnetic field and provide a preliminary demonstration for a single-shot readout of up to 0.7K/1.5T in the future.展开更多
Neuroinflammation and the NACHT,LRR,and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI).Maraviroc,a ...Neuroinflammation and the NACHT,LRR,and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI).Maraviroc,a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist,has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases.We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation.A moderate-TBI mouse model was subjected to a controlled cortical impact device.Maraviroc or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour after TBI and then once per day for 3 consecutive days.Western blot,immunohistochemistry,and TUNEL(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling)analyses were performed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of maraviroc at 3 days post-TBI.Our results suggest that maraviroc administration reduced NACHT,LRR,and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome activation,modulated microglial polarization from M1 to M2,decreased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration,and inhibited the release of inflammatory factors after TBI.Moreover,maraviroc treatment decreased the activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes,which,in turn,exacerbated neuronal cell death.Additionally,we confirmed the neuroprotective effect of maraviroc using the modified neurological severity score,rotarod test,Morris water maze test,and lesion volume measurements.In summary,our findings indicate that maraviroc might be a desirable pharmacotherapeutic strategy for TBI,and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 might be a promising pharmacotherapeutic target to improve recovery after TBI.展开更多
The overall performance of metal catalysts can be efficiently adjusted by modifying carbon carriers with different valence sulfur precursors.The wet impregnation technique successfully prepared carbon material carrier...The overall performance of metal catalysts can be efficiently adjusted by modifying carbon carriers with different valence sulfur precursors.The wet impregnation technique successfully prepared carbon material carriers doped with varying sources of sulfur(Na_(2)SO_(4),NaHSO_(3),Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O).Palladium carbon catalysts doped with different sulfur precursors had been prepared with the aid of the liquid-phase reduction method of the selective hydrogenation of o-chloronitrobenzene(o-CNB)to o-chloroaniline(o-CAN).The catalyst prepared for Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O as a precursor has excellent performance,and the selectivity for o-CAN is more than 99.9%at 100%conversion.In addition,the characterization results show that with the decrease of S valence,the electronic effect between S and Pd increases,and the outer electron shift of Pd increases,which reduces the adsorption and dissociation ability of Pd to hydrogen,resulting in excellent selectivity.The effects provided a good idea for the hydrogenation of o-CNB and a different point of view on sulfur doping in a variety of hydrogenation reactions.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers and supplementation of probiotics may be a promising intervention method. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-CRC effects of Lactiplantibacillus plan...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers and supplementation of probiotics may be a promising intervention method. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-CRC effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KX041 on a CRC mouse model. The CRC mice were induced by 10 mg/kg azoxymethane and 2% dextran sulfate sodium. L. plantarum KX041 was orally administrated once daily(1 × 10^(9) CFU/mouse). Results showed that L. plantarum KX041 could significantly inhibit inflammation, tumor formation, and induce tumor cells apoptosis. Moreover, this probiotic could ameliorate the damage of intestinal barrier by recovering tight junction protein expression(like Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1)and preventing goblet cell loss. Furthermore, the oxidative stress was alleviated by increasing the level of antioxidant mediators(like GSH and SOD)and reducing the level of oxidative mediators(like MDA and MPO). In addition, treatment with L. plantarum KX041 could directly regulate gut microbiota, thereby increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria(like SCFAs-producing bacteria, Akkermansia)and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria(like pro-inflammatory bacteria, Parasutterella), which in turn raised SCFAs levels and lowered LPS levels. In conclusion, L. plantarum KX041 could effectively ameliorate CRC via reshaping intestinal microenvironment, alleviating inflammation, maintaining intestinal permeability, and attenuating oxidative stress.展开更多
·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·ME...·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·METHODS:Totally 142 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the 0.05%atropine group or to the placebo group.In phase I,children received 1 treatment for each eye daily.In phase II,the patients received no treatment.Axial length(AL),SER,intraocular pressure(IOP)and atropine-related side effects were assessed at 6 months’intervals.·RESULTS:During phase I,the mean change of SER was-0.46±0.30 D in the atropine group,compared to-1.72±1.12 D in the placebo group(P<0.001).The mean change of AL in the atropine group(0.26±0.30 mm)was significantly shorter than that in the placebo group(0.76±0.62 mm,P=0.002).In addition,in phase II(12mo after the withdrawal of atropine),there was no significant difference in AL change from the atropine group,when compared with that from the placebo group(0.31±0.25 mm vs 0.28±0.26 mm,P>0.05).Furthermore,the change in SER from the atropine group was 0.50±0.41 D,which was significantly lower than 0.72±0.60 D from placebo group,(P<0.05).Finally,there were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the treatment and control groups at any stages(all P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:The use of 0.05%atropine for two consecutive years may effectively control elongation of AL and thus progression of myopia,without significant SER progression 1y after atropine withdrawal.Therefore,treatment with 0.05%atropine daily for 2y is effective and safe.展开更多
The presence of anticrossings induced by coupling between two states causes curvature in energy levels, yielding a nonlinearity in the quantum system. When the system is driven back and forth along the bending energy ...The presence of anticrossings induced by coupling between two states causes curvature in energy levels, yielding a nonlinearity in the quantum system. When the system is driven back and forth along the bending energy levels, subharmonic transitions and energy shifts can be observed, which would cause a significant influence as the system is applied to quantum computing. In this paper, we study a longitudinally driven singlet-triplet(ST) system in a double quantum dot(DQD)system, and illustrate the consequences of nonlinearity by driving the system close to the anticrossings. We provide a straightforward theory to quantitatively describe the energy shift and subharmonics caused by nonlinearity, and find good agreement between our theoretical result and the numerical simulation. Our results reveal the existence of nonlinearity in the vicinity of anticrossings and provide a direct way of analytically assessing its impact, which can be applied to other quantum systems without excessive labor.展开更多
We propose an efficient method for the generation of perfect W states on three microwave superconducting resonators,of which the two nearest neighbors are coupled by a symmetric direct current superconducting quantum ...We propose an efficient method for the generation of perfect W states on three microwave superconducting resonators,of which the two nearest neighbors are coupled by a symmetric direct current superconducting quantum interference device(dc-SQUID).With suitable external magnetic fluxes applied to the dc-SQUID symmetry loops,on-chip tunable interactions between neighboring resonators can be realized,and different perfect W states can be deterministically created on-demand in one step.Numerical simulations show that high-fidelity target states can be generated and our scheme is robust against imperfect parameter tuning and environment-induced decoherence.The present work may have potential applications for implementing quantum computation and quantum information processing based on microwave photons.展开更多
AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all partic...AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all participants into three distinct groups:1)control group(n=61),2)mild DE group(n=56),and 3)moderate-to-severe DE group(n=82).Schirmer’s tear secretion strips were used,and the bacterial microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.RESULTS:The three groups had significant differences in alpha diversity:the control group had the highest richness(Chao1,Faith’s phylogenetic diversity),the mild DE group showed the highest diversity(Shannon,Simpson),and the moderate-to-severe DE group had the lowest of the above-mentioned indices.DE severity was positively correlated with a reduction in beta diversity of the microbial community,with the moderate-to-severe DE group exhibiting the lowest beta diversity.Linear discriminant analysis effect size presented distinct dominant taxa that significantly differed between each.Furthermore,the exacerbation of DE corresponded with the enrichment of certain pathogenic bacteria,as determined by random forest analysis.CONCLUSION:As DE severity worsens,microbial community diversity tends to decrease.DE development corresponds with changes in microbial constituents,primarily characterized by reduced microbial diversity and a more homogenous species composition.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2021A1515110304)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42077246 and 52278412).
文摘Grouting is a widely used approach to reinforce broken surrounding rock mass during the construction of underground tunnels in fault fracture zones,and its reinforcement effectiveness is highly affected by geostress.In this study,a numerical manifold method(NMM)based simulator has been developed to examine the impact of geostress conditions on grouting reinforcement during tunnel excavation.To develop this simulator,a detection technique for identifying slurry migration channels and an improved fluid-solid coupling(FeS)framework,which considers the influence of fracture properties and geostress states,is developed and incorporated into a zero-thickness cohesive element(ZE)based NMM(Co-NMM)for simulating tunnel excavation.Additionally,to simulate coagulation of injected slurry,a bonding repair algorithm is further proposed based on the ZE model.To verify the accuracy of the proposed simulator,a series of simulations about slurry migration in single fractures and fracture networks are numerically reproduced,and the results align well with analytical and laboratory test results.Furthermore,these numerical results show that neglecting the influence of geostress condition can lead to a serious over-estimation of slurry migration range and reinforcement effectiveness.After validations,a series of simulations about tunnel grouting reinforcement and tunnel excavation in fault fracture zones with varying fracture densities under different geostress conditions are conducted.Based on these simula-tions,the influence of geostress conditions and the optimization of grouting schemes are discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12074368,92165207,12034018,and 62004185)the Anhui Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.2108085J03)the USTC Tang Scholarship。
文摘The single-shot readout data process is essential for the realization of high-fidelity qubits and fault-tolerant quantum algorithms in semiconductor quantum dots. However, the fidelity and visibility of the readout process are sensitive to the choice of the thresholds and limited by the experimental hardware. By demonstrating the linear dependence between the measured spin state probabilities and readout visibilities along with dark counts, we describe an alternative threshold-independent method for the single-shot readout of spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots. We can obtain the extrapolated spin state probabilities of the prepared probabilities of the excited spin state through the threshold-independent method. We then analyze the corresponding errors of the method, finding that errors of the extrapolated probabilities cannot be neglected with no constraints on the readout time and threshold voltage. Therefore, by limiting the readout time and threshold voltage, we ensure the accuracy of the extrapolated probability. We then prove that the efficiency and robustness of this method are 60 times larger than those of the most commonly used method. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the electron temperature on the effective area with a fixed external magnetic field and provide a preliminary demonstration for a single-shot readout of up to 0.7K/1.5T in the future.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81930031 (to JNZ), 81720108015 (to JNZ), 81901525 (to SZ), 82101440 (to DDS), 81801234 (to YZ) and 82071389 (to GLY)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, Nos. 20JCQNJC01270 (to JWW), 20JCQNJC00460 (to GLY), 18JCQNJC81000 (to HTR)+4 种基金Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Education Commission (Natural Science), No. 2018KJ052 (to ZWZ)Tianjin Health and Health Committee Science and Technology Project, No. QN20015 (to JWW)the Science & Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education, No. 2016YD02 (to YW)Tianjin Key Science and Technology Projects of Innovative Drugs and Medical Devices, No. 19ZXYXSY00070 (to YW)the Clinical Research Fundation of Tianjin Medical University, No. 2018kylc002 (to YW)
文摘Neuroinflammation and the NACHT,LRR,and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI).Maraviroc,a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist,has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases.We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation.A moderate-TBI mouse model was subjected to a controlled cortical impact device.Maraviroc or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour after TBI and then once per day for 3 consecutive days.Western blot,immunohistochemistry,and TUNEL(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling)analyses were performed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of maraviroc at 3 days post-TBI.Our results suggest that maraviroc administration reduced NACHT,LRR,and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome activation,modulated microglial polarization from M1 to M2,decreased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration,and inhibited the release of inflammatory factors after TBI.Moreover,maraviroc treatment decreased the activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes,which,in turn,exacerbated neuronal cell death.Additionally,we confirmed the neuroprotective effect of maraviroc using the modified neurological severity score,rotarod test,Morris water maze test,and lesion volume measurements.In summary,our findings indicate that maraviroc might be a desirable pharmacotherapeutic strategy for TBI,and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 might be a promising pharmacotherapeutic target to improve recovery after TBI.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078292,22008212,U20A20119,21776258)。
文摘The overall performance of metal catalysts can be efficiently adjusted by modifying carbon carriers with different valence sulfur precursors.The wet impregnation technique successfully prepared carbon material carriers doped with varying sources of sulfur(Na_(2)SO_(4),NaHSO_(3),Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O).Palladium carbon catalysts doped with different sulfur precursors had been prepared with the aid of the liquid-phase reduction method of the selective hydrogenation of o-chloronitrobenzene(o-CNB)to o-chloroaniline(o-CAN).The catalyst prepared for Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O as a precursor has excellent performance,and the selectivity for o-CAN is more than 99.9%at 100%conversion.In addition,the characterization results show that with the decrease of S valence,the electronic effect between S and Pd increases,and the outer electron shift of Pd increases,which reduces the adsorption and dissociation ability of Pd to hydrogen,resulting in excellent selectivity.The effects provided a good idea for the hydrogenation of o-CNB and a different point of view on sulfur doping in a variety of hydrogenation reactions.
基金the financial support of Post-doctoral Start-up funding (2018) of Northwest A&F University (Z109021804)National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972043 and 32001652)。
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers and supplementation of probiotics may be a promising intervention method. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-CRC effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KX041 on a CRC mouse model. The CRC mice were induced by 10 mg/kg azoxymethane and 2% dextran sulfate sodium. L. plantarum KX041 was orally administrated once daily(1 × 10^(9) CFU/mouse). Results showed that L. plantarum KX041 could significantly inhibit inflammation, tumor formation, and induce tumor cells apoptosis. Moreover, this probiotic could ameliorate the damage of intestinal barrier by recovering tight junction protein expression(like Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1)and preventing goblet cell loss. Furthermore, the oxidative stress was alleviated by increasing the level of antioxidant mediators(like GSH and SOD)and reducing the level of oxidative mediators(like MDA and MPO). In addition, treatment with L. plantarum KX041 could directly regulate gut microbiota, thereby increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria(like SCFAs-producing bacteria, Akkermansia)and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria(like pro-inflammatory bacteria, Parasutterella), which in turn raised SCFAs levels and lowered LPS levels. In conclusion, L. plantarum KX041 could effectively ameliorate CRC via reshaping intestinal microenvironment, alleviating inflammation, maintaining intestinal permeability, and attenuating oxidative stress.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Young and Middle-aged Academic Technology Leaders and Reserve Talents of Yunnan Province (No.202005AC160021)the Famous Doctor of Yun Ling (No.YNWR-MY-2020-088)。
文摘·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·METHODS:Totally 142 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the 0.05%atropine group or to the placebo group.In phase I,children received 1 treatment for each eye daily.In phase II,the patients received no treatment.Axial length(AL),SER,intraocular pressure(IOP)and atropine-related side effects were assessed at 6 months’intervals.·RESULTS:During phase I,the mean change of SER was-0.46±0.30 D in the atropine group,compared to-1.72±1.12 D in the placebo group(P<0.001).The mean change of AL in the atropine group(0.26±0.30 mm)was significantly shorter than that in the placebo group(0.76±0.62 mm,P=0.002).In addition,in phase II(12mo after the withdrawal of atropine),there was no significant difference in AL change from the atropine group,when compared with that from the placebo group(0.31±0.25 mm vs 0.28±0.26 mm,P>0.05).Furthermore,the change in SER from the atropine group was 0.50±0.41 D,which was significantly lower than 0.72±0.60 D from placebo group,(P<0.05).Finally,there were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the treatment and control groups at any stages(all P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:The use of 0.05%atropine for two consecutive years may effectively control elongation of AL and thus progression of myopia,without significant SER progression 1y after atropine withdrawal.Therefore,treatment with 0.05%atropine daily for 2y is effective and safe.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074368, 92165207, 12034018 and 92265113)the Anhui Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2108085J03)。
文摘The presence of anticrossings induced by coupling between two states causes curvature in energy levels, yielding a nonlinearity in the quantum system. When the system is driven back and forth along the bending energy levels, subharmonic transitions and energy shifts can be observed, which would cause a significant influence as the system is applied to quantum computing. In this paper, we study a longitudinally driven singlet-triplet(ST) system in a double quantum dot(DQD)system, and illustrate the consequences of nonlinearity by driving the system close to the anticrossings. We provide a straightforward theory to quantitatively describe the energy shift and subharmonics caused by nonlinearity, and find good agreement between our theoretical result and the numerical simulation. Our results reveal the existence of nonlinearity in the vicinity of anticrossings and provide a direct way of analytically assessing its impact, which can be applied to other quantum systems without excessive labor.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12174300)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.2020CFB748)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(Grant Nos.ZR2021MA042 and ZR2021MA078)the Program for Science and Technology Innovation Team in Colleges of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.T2021012)the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Hubei University of Automotive Technology(Grant Nos.BK202113,BK201906,and BK202008)。
文摘We propose an efficient method for the generation of perfect W states on three microwave superconducting resonators,of which the two nearest neighbors are coupled by a symmetric direct current superconducting quantum interference device(dc-SQUID).With suitable external magnetic fluxes applied to the dc-SQUID symmetry loops,on-chip tunable interactions between neighboring resonators can be realized,and different perfect W states can be deterministically created on-demand in one step.Numerical simulations show that high-fidelity target states can be generated and our scheme is robust against imperfect parameter tuning and environment-induced decoherence.The present work may have potential applications for implementing quantum computation and quantum information processing based on microwave photons.
基金Supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.201940243).
文摘AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all participants into three distinct groups:1)control group(n=61),2)mild DE group(n=56),and 3)moderate-to-severe DE group(n=82).Schirmer’s tear secretion strips were used,and the bacterial microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.RESULTS:The three groups had significant differences in alpha diversity:the control group had the highest richness(Chao1,Faith’s phylogenetic diversity),the mild DE group showed the highest diversity(Shannon,Simpson),and the moderate-to-severe DE group had the lowest of the above-mentioned indices.DE severity was positively correlated with a reduction in beta diversity of the microbial community,with the moderate-to-severe DE group exhibiting the lowest beta diversity.Linear discriminant analysis effect size presented distinct dominant taxa that significantly differed between each.Furthermore,the exacerbation of DE corresponded with the enrichment of certain pathogenic bacteria,as determined by random forest analysis.CONCLUSION:As DE severity worsens,microbial community diversity tends to decrease.DE development corresponds with changes in microbial constituents,primarily characterized by reduced microbial diversity and a more homogenous species composition.
