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Epidemiology of liver cirrhosis and associated complications:Current knowledge and future directions 被引量:13
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作者 yuan-bin liu Ming-Kai Chen 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2022年第41期5910-5930,共21页
Cirrhosis causes a heavy global burden.In this review,we summarized up-todate epidemiological features of cirrhosis and its complications.Recent epidemiological studies reported an increase in the prevalence of cirrho... Cirrhosis causes a heavy global burden.In this review,we summarized up-todate epidemiological features of cirrhosis and its complications.Recent epidemiological studies reported an increase in the prevalence of cirrhosis in 2017 compared to in 1990 in both men and women,with 5.2 million cases of cirrhosis and chronic liver disease occurring in 2017.Cirrhosis caused 1.48 million deaths in 2019,an increase of 8.1%compared to 2017.Disability-adjusted life-years due to cirrhosis ranked 16th among all diseases and 7th in people aged 50-74 years in 2019.The global burden of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis is decreasing,while the burden of cirrhosis due to alcohol and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is increasing rapidly.We described the current epidemiology of the major complications of cirrhosis,including ascites,variceal bleeding,hepatic encephalopathy,renal disorders,and infections.We also summarized the epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis.In the future,NAFLD-related cirrhosis will likely become more common due to the prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes,and the prevalence of alcohol-induced cirrhosis is increasing.This altered epidemiology should be clinically noted,and relevant interventions should be undertaken. 展开更多
关键词 CAUSES CIRRHOSIS COMPLICATIONS Cost EPIDEMIOLOGY BURDEN Feature
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四段式教学模式在验光学教学中的应用研究 被引量:2
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作者 刘院斌 李春莺 +3 位作者 孙霞 祝英 韩娟娟 何涛 《国际眼科杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2020年第4期692-694,共3页
目的:探讨改良的四段式教学模式在验光学教学过程中的应用效果。方法:选择2018-09/2019-06在我院眼视光学专业2016级109名学生作为研究对象,以验光学期中考试成绩作为基线成绩参考,对照组采用传统的教学模式,试验组采用改良的四段式教... 目的:探讨改良的四段式教学模式在验光学教学过程中的应用效果。方法:选择2018-09/2019-06在我院眼视光学专业2016级109名学生作为研究对象,以验光学期中考试成绩作为基线成绩参考,对照组采用传统的教学模式,试验组采用改良的四段式教学模式。比较两组学生期末验光结业考试的成绩,学生对验光课程教学的满意度以及自我能力评价。结果:对照组三项期末成绩(验光基础理论知识、实验操作技能和临床案例分析)与基线成绩相比无差异(P>0.05);试验组三项期末成绩与基线成绩相比均有显著提升(P<0.05);两组学生期末成绩相比有差异(P<0.05)。试验组学生对验光课教学过程和结果的满意度以及评价自我能力提高方面均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:四段式教学能有效提高眼视光学专业学生验光学教学的效果,能使学生更快更有效地适应临床工作。 展开更多
关键词 四段式教学 传统教学 验光学 验光教学
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Hitching a ride to the top:peroxisomes fuel cilium with cholesterol
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作者 Jie Luo yuan-bin liu Bao-Liang Song 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第3期478-481,共4页
Primary cilium,which protrudes from the cell,is a microtubule-based structure ensheathed by a highly specialized plasma membrane(PM).It serves as a signaling hub for sensing and transducing various external stimuli in... Primary cilium,which protrudes from the cell,is a microtubule-based structure ensheathed by a highly specialized plasma membrane(PM).It serves as a signaling hub for sensing and transducing various external stimuli including fluids,light,odorants as well as extracellular molecules.Of various signal transduction pathways that act through the primary cilium,the Hedgehog(Hh)pathway draws the most attention owing to its essential role in vertebrate development and its intimate link to carcinogenesis(Bangs and Anderson,2017).The major components of the Hh pathway include the secreted ligand Hh,two transmembrane proteins Patched(Ptch)and Smoothened(Smo),and the transcription factor glioma-associated oncogene(Gli).Ptch is the receptor for Hh which,in the absence of Hh,resides at the primary cilium and prevents ciliary localization and activation of Smo.Upon Hh binding,however,Ptch is suppressed and displaced from the ciliary membrane.This permits Smo to enter the primary cilium and initiate a cascade of events that lead to the activation of Gli transcription factors and transcription of downstream target genes. 展开更多
关键词 ILIUM CARCINOGENESIS specialized
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Inhibition of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Depresses the Cigarette Smoke-Induced Malignant Transformation of 16HBE Cells on a Microfluidic Chip
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作者 Yong-Xin Qin Zhi-Hui Yang +4 位作者 Xiao-Hui DU Hui Zhao yuan-bin liu Zhe Guo Qi Wang 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第10期1191-1198,共8页
Background:The hedgehog signaling system (HHS) plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation during the embryonic phases.However,little is known about the involvement of HHS in... Background:The hedgehog signaling system (HHS) plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation during the embryonic phases.However,little is known about the involvement of HHS in the malignant transformation of cells.This study aimed to detect the role of HHS in the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells.Methods:In this study,two microfluidic chips were designed to investigate cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced malignant transformation of cells.Chip A contained a concentration gradient generator,while chip B had four cell chambers with a central channel.The 16HBE cells cultured in chip A were used to determine the optimal concentration of CSE for inducing malignant transformation.The 16HBE cells in chip B were cultured with 12.25% CSE (Group A),12.25% CSE ± 5 μmol/L cyclopamine (Group B),or normal complete medium as control for 8 months (Group C),to establish the in vitro lung inflammatory-cancer transformation model.The transformed cells were inoculated into 20 nude mice as cells alone (Group 1) or cells with cyclopamine (Group 2) for tumorigenesis testing.Expression of HHS proteins was detected by Western blot.Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.The t-test was used for paired samples,and the difference among groups was analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance.Results:The optimal concentration of CSE was 12.25%.Expression of HHS proteins increased during the process of malignant transformation (Group B vs.Group A,F =7.65,P 〈 0.05).After CSE exposure for 8 months,there were significant changes in cellular morphology,which allowed the transformed cells to grow into tumors in 40 days after being inoculated into nude mice.Cyclopamine could effectively depress the expression of HHS proteins (Group C vs.Group B,F =6.47,P 〈 0.05) and prevent tumor growth in nude mice (Group 2 vs.Group 1,t=31.59,P〈 0.01).Conclusions:The activity of HHS is upregulated during the CSE-induced malignant transformation of 16HBE cells.Cyclopamine can effectively depress expression of HHS proteins in vitro and prevent tumor growth of the transformed cells in vivo. 展开更多
关键词 Hedgehog Signaling System Lung Cancer Malignant Transformation Microfluidic Chip
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