Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two s...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two subsequent steps from MSCs to preadipocytes and further preadipocytes into adipocytes,in which the process MSCs are precisely controlled to commit to the adipogenic lineage and then mature into adipocytes.Previous studies have shown that the master transcription factors C/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferation activator receptor gamma play vital roles in adipogenesis.However,the mechanism underlying the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs is not fully understood.Here,the current knowledge of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs is reviewed,focusing on signaling pathways,noncoding RNAs and epigenetic effects on DNA methylation and acetylation during MSC differentiation.Finally,the relationship between maladipogenic differentiation and diseases is briefly discussed.We hope that this review can broaden and deepen our understanding of how MSCs turn into adipocytes.展开更多
Objective To explore the influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD) on high glucose induced podocyte autophagy.Methods LGZGD containing serum was prepared by intragastric administation of 4.2 g/kg(low dose), 8.4 g/k...Objective To explore the influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD) on high glucose induced podocyte autophagy.Methods LGZGD containing serum was prepared by intragastric administation of 4.2 g/kg(low dose), 8.4 g/kg(medium dose), and 12.6 g/kg(high dose) LGZGD into SD rats respectively. MPC5 and AB8/13 podocyte cells were treated with 60 mmol/L glucose to establish diabetic nephropathy podocyte model in vitro. Both podocytes were divided into control group, high glucose group, low dose LGZGD group, medium dose LGZGD group, and high dose LGZGD group, respectively. For the three LGZGD groups, before LGZGD intervention, podocytes were treated with 60 mmol/L glucose for 3 days. After treated with LGZGD containing serum, cells were collected to analyze cell migration using Transwell assay, proliferation using CCK8, apoptosis and cell cycle using flow cytometry, autophagosome formation using transmission electron microscopy, and expression levels of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3II/I, and P62 proteins using Western blot.Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation and migration of MPC5 and AB8/13 cells in the high glucose group slightly decreased, whereas these parameters restored after intervention with low and medium concentrations of LGZGD, with the medium dose LGZGD having the better effect(P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the medium dose LGZGD group had a significantly lower apoptosis rate(P < 0.05) and higher survival rate(P > 0.05) compared to the high dose LGZGD group. High glucose arrested podocytes in G1 phase, whereas LGZGD shifted podocytes from being predominant in G1 phase to G2 phase. High dose LGZGD significanly reduced high glucose-increased autophagosome formation in both podocytes(P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3II/I, and P62 expressions were increased in MPC5 cells treated with high glucose and reversed after adminstration of low and medium doses of LGZGD(P < 0.05).Conclusion LGZGD reduced apoptosis and enhanced autophagy in high glucose treated podocytes via regulating Beclin-1/LC3II/I/Atg5 expression.展开更多
Compared to commercial lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries can greatly increase the energy density, safety, and cycle life of batteries. The development of solid-state electrolyte with high lithium-ion co...Compared to commercial lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries can greatly increase the energy density, safety, and cycle life of batteries. The development of solid-state electrolyte with high lithium-ion conductivity and wide electrochemical window is the key for all-solid-state batteries. In this work, we report on the achievement of high ionic conductivity in the PAN/LiClO_(4)/BaTiO_(3) composite solid electrolyte (CSE) prepared by solution casting method. Our experimental results show that the PAN-based composite polymer electrolyte with 5 wt% BaTiO_(3) possesses a high room-temperature lithium-ion conductivity (9.85 × 10^(−4) S⋅cm^(−1)), high lithium-ion transfer number (0.63), wide electrochemical window (4.9 V vs Li+/Li). The Li|Li symmetric battery assembled with 5 wt% BaTiO_(3) can be stably circulated for 800 h at 0.1 mA⋅cm^(−2), and the LiFePO_(4)|CSE|Li battery maintains a capacity retention of 86.2% after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.3 C. The influence of BaTiO_(3) ceramic powder on the properties of PAN-based polymer electrolytes is analyzed. Our results provide a new avenue for future research in the all-solid-state lithium battery technology.展开更多
Black garlic is a processed product derived from fresh garlic,retaining the original nutritional components of garlic while enhancing many of its biological activities.Black garlic peptides are a class of bioactive pe...Black garlic is a processed product derived from fresh garlic,retaining the original nutritional components of garlic while enhancing many of its biological activities.Black garlic peptides are a class of bioactive peptides extracted from fermented black garlic,which have gained considerable attention due to their unique health benefits.This article comprehensively discusses the extraction technologies,structural composition,biological functions,and application potential of black garlic peptides in agriculture,medicine,and the food industry.Extraction methods for black garlic peptides include ammonium sulfate precipitation,alkali-soluble acid-precipitation,enhanced hybrid supercritical fluid-assisted atomization(SAA-HCM),and others,which can efficiently separate bioactive peptides from black garlic.Structural and compositional analysis reveals the characteristics of black garlic peptides as small molecule peptides and the mechanisms of action of these peptides within the body.Black garlic peptides demonstrate health benefits such as antioxidation,anti-inflammatory effects,lipid-lowering properties,and immunomodulatory effects,providing scientific support for their applications in the medical field.In terms of application potential,black garlic peptides can be used as natural plant growth regulators and disease control agents in agriculture;in the medical field,their health benefits make them an important resource for developing new health supplements and drugs;in the food industry,black garlic peptides can serve as functional food additives to enhance the nutritional value and health benefits of foods.As a multifunctional bioactive substance,the optimization of extraction methods,in-depth studies of structure and function,and the development of applications in various fields will bring new opportunities for human health and industrial development.Future research should further explore the detailed mechanisms of action of black garlic peptides and their specific effects in different application domains to promote their wider use.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of or thopedic medical staff.Methods:The whole year of 2021 was selected to monitor the quality o...Objective:To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of or thopedic medical staff.Methods:The whole year of 2021 was selected to monitor the quality of hand hygiene and hospitalization.Follow-up monitoring and real-time recording during the period of morning shift and medical operation concentration time,and compare the compliance of hand hygiene before and after implementation,and evaluate the quality of nosocomial infection.Results:The hand hygiene compliance of doctors and nurses in stage P was 82%.The compliance of medical staff in stage D was 93%.The compliance of stage C was 94%and that of stage A was 95%.The quality score of hospital self-examination nosocomial infection was also significantly increased.Conclusions:The PDCA management cycle can effectively improve the compliance of hand hygiene and the nosocomial infection quality,which is wor thy of circulatory application in or thopedic nosocomial infection quality control,especially improving the quality of hand hygiene.展开更多
Neural progenitor cells(NPCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neural cell lineages offer broad prospects for cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, cell therapy based on NPC transplanta...Neural progenitor cells(NPCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neural cell lineages offer broad prospects for cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, cell therapy based on NPC transplantation is limited by the inability to acquire sufficient quantities of NPCs. Previous studies have found that a chemical cocktail of valproic acid, CHIR99021, and Repsox(VCR) promotes mouse fibroblasts to differentiate into NPCs under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, we used VCR(0.5 mM valproic acid, 3 μM CHIR99021, and 1 μM Repsox) to induce the reprogramming of rat embryonic fibroblasts into NPCs under a hypoxic condition(5%). These NPCs exhibited typical neurosphere-like structures that can express NPC markers, such as Nestin, SRY-box transcription factor 2, and paired box 6(Pax6), and could also differentiate into multiple types of functional neurons and astrocytes in vitro. They had similar gene expression profiles to those of rat brain-derived neural stem cells. Subsequently, the chemically-induced NPCs(ciNPCs) were stereotactically transplanted into the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned parkinsonian rats. We found that the ciNPCs exhibited long-term survival, migrated long distances, and differentiated into multiple types of functional neurons and glial cells in vivo. Moreover, the parkinsonian behavioral defects of the parkinsonian model rats grafted with ciNPCs showed remarkable functional recovery. These findings suggest that rat fibroblasts can be directly transformed into NPCs using a chemical cocktail of VCR without introducing exogenous factors, which may be an attractive donor material for transplantation therapy for Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has become a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide because of lifestyle and dietary changes.Gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to play a critical role...Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has become a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide because of lifestyle and dietary changes.Gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD.Understanding of the function of gut microbiota and its metabolites in MAFLD may help to elucidate pathological mechanisms,identify diagnostic markers,and develop drugs or probiotics for the treatment of MAFLD.Here we review the pathogenesis of MAFLD by gut microbiota and its metabolites and discuss the feasibility of treating MAFLD from the perspective of gut microbes.展开更多
This study establishes a low-carbon supply chain game model under the centralized decision situation and the decentralized decision situation considering the manufacturer risk-aversion behavior, and discusses the infl...This study establishes a low-carbon supply chain game model under the centralized decision situation and the decentralized decision situation considering the manufacturer risk-aversion behavior, and discusses the influence of the manufacturer risk-aversion behavior on the optimal decision, profit, coordination, and complex dynamics of the supply chain. We find that comparing with the risk-neutral decentralized decision, the increase of manufacturer's risk tolerance attitude can narrow the gap between the supply chain profit and the centralized decision, but it will further reduce the carbon emission reduction level. The increase of risk tolerance of the manufacturer and carbon tax will narrow the stable region of the system. Under this situation, the manufacturer should carefully adjust parameters to prevent the system from losing stability,especially the adjustment parameters for carbon emission reduction level. When the system is in a chaotic state, the increase of carbon tax rate makes the system show more complex dynamic characteristics. Under the chaotic state, it is difficult for the manufacturer to make correct price decision and carbon emission reduction strategy for the next period, which damages its profit, but increases the profit of the retailer and the supply chain. Finally, the carbon emission reduction cost-sharing contract is proposed to improve the carbon emission reduction level and the supply chain efficiency, achieving Pareto improvement. The stability region of the system is larger than that in the centralized decision situation, but the increase of the cost sharing coefficient will reduce the stability of the system in the decentralized decision-making situation.展开更多
The compounds composed of transition metal cations and pnictide anions provide a rich platform for studying novel physical phenomena.Here we report on the observation of a phase transition at~70 K and 145 K in layered...The compounds composed of transition metal cations and pnictide anions provide a rich platform for studying novel physical phenomena.Here we report on the observation of a phase transition at~70 K and 145 K in layered compound EuCu_(4)As_(2)and SrCu_(4)As_(2),respectively.from both the transport and heat capacity.The thermal expansion measurements show that the variation of the lattice parameters(△L_(b)/L_(ab))around T_(P) is much less than that for a typical crystalline phase transition.Our experimental results reveal that the transition in EuCu_(4)As_(2)and SrCu_(4)As_(2)should be driven by subtle structural-distortion.展开更多
The rate of disability due to acute osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)is high,and the therapeutic effect of decompressive fasciotomy is not ideal.This paper retrospectively reviews the modern treatment of OCS,incl...The rate of disability due to acute osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)is high,and the therapeutic effect of decompressive fasciotomy is not ideal.This paper retrospectively reviews the modern treatment of OCS,including Western medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),mainly in the context of the advantages of TCM in the treatment process of decompressive fasciotomy or conservative treatment to the patients who are suffering from OCS.It was found that TCM treatment reduced the levels of serum creatine kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and aspartate aminotransferase(AST);it is beneficial to the elimination of swelling and pain.TCM adjunctive therapy promotes patients’postoperative functional recovery and decreases the occurrence of fasciotomy in patients;TCM can relieve tissue hypoxia of compartments and prevent necrosis of muscle and nerve tissue.TCM treatment improves the quality of medical service and ensures the safety of OCS patients.This paper aims to summarize the function of TCM in the treatment of OCS,provide reference for the clinical treatment of OCS,and improve the nursing/medical outcomes of OCS.展开更多
Actinomycetes are relatively prevalent bacteria in the ocean,constituting 9% of the total number of marine bacteria.The advancement of science and technology has led to a more profound exploration of marine actinomyce...Actinomycetes are relatively prevalent bacteria in the ocean,constituting 9% of the total number of marine bacteria.The advancement of science and technology has led to a more profound exploration of marine actinomycetes.These studies hold immense significance in comprehending the distribution and adaptation of marine actinomycetes within the oceanic environment,as well as uncovering new secondary metabolites.Based on differing lifestyles,marine actinomycetes can be categorized as free-living or co-epiphytic.The activity and metabolism of actinomycetes vary across diverse marine settings,including the deep sea,benthic regions,and marine organisms.Due to their distinctive biological traits and genetic background,these marine actinomycetes inevitably generate metabolites possessing unique structures.Research methodologies concerning marine actinomycetes predominantly encompass traditional pure culture techniques,molecular biology approaches,and the integration of metagenomics and bioinformatics.The exploration of varied methodologies proves pivotal for the analysis of metabolite processes.Through the cultivation of marine actinomycetes,numerous compounds featuring novel structures and significant activities have been isolated,furnishing a substantial foundation for new drug investigations.These encompass,but are not restricted to,peptides,antibiotics,terpenoids,ketones,quinones,macrolides,and pigments.The potential applications of marine actinomyces and their secondary metabolites extend beyond antibacterial and anti-tumor effects,exhibiting promising prospects in antifungal and antiviral domains.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the classification,resources,research methodologies,and habitats of marine actinomycetes.Furthermore,it delves into the classification of secondary metabolites and their functional activities,facilitating a more exhaustive analysis of the secondary metabolites produced by marine actinomycetes.展开更多
With the development of modern society,the demand for nutrition,health,and food safety among people is also increasing.More and more consumers are connecting their diet to a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the oc...With the development of modern society,the demand for nutrition,health,and food safety among people is also increasing.More and more consumers are connecting their diet to a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases.Spirulina,known as green ginseng,is one of the most productive microalgae with high output value.It is considered as one of the most ideal dietary supplements due to its unique nutritional and health benefits.The main components of spirulina include protein,fat,vitamins,chlorophyll,and minerals.The protein content is particularly high,ranging from 60-70%.Spirulina can be used as a natural nutritional supplement,providing various essential nutrients needed by the body.Apart from being a nutritional supplement,spirulina is also widely utilized in the food,medicine,and cosmetics industries.Spirulina powder can be added to various foods such as bread,cakes,and biscuits to enhance their nutritional value.Spirulina extract can also be used in the production of healthcare and beauty products.Furthermore,the antioxidant and immune-boosting effects of spirulina make it a promising natural medicine for research in the treatment of cancer and liver disease.This paper aims to provide comprehensive information on the nutritional composition,secondary metabolites,and biological activities of spirulina,thereby contributing to the spirulina industry.展开更多
AIM： To study the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1）, plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase （DAO） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）, and the potential clinical si...AIM： To study the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1）, plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase （DAO） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）, and the potential clinical significance. METHODS： Sixty-nine patients with IBD and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. The concentration of sICAM-1 was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the level of D-lactate and DAO was measured by spectroscopic analysis, and the number of white blood cells （WBC） was determined by routine procedure. RESULTS： The levels of sICAM-I, DAO, and WBC in IBD patients were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）, sICAM-I in IBD patients was found to be closely related to the levels of DAO and D-lactate （212.94 ± 69.89 vs 6.35 ± 2.35, P = 0.000）, DAO 212.94 ± 69.89 vs 8.65 ± 3.54, P = 0.000） and WBC （212.94 ± 69.89 vs 7.40 ± 2.61, P = 0.000）, but no significant difference was observed between patients with ulcerative colitis and patients with Crohn＇s disease. The post-treatment levels of sICAM-I, D-lactate and WBC were significantly lower than before treatment （sICAM-I 206.57 ± 79.21 vs 146.21 ± 64.43, P = 0.000）, （D-lactate 1.46 ± 0.94 vs 0.52± 0.32, P = 0.000） and （WBC 7.24 ± 0.2.33 vs 5.21 ± 3.21, P = 0.000）. CONCLUSION： sICAM-1, D-lactate and DAO are closely related to the specific conditions of IBD, and thus could be used as a major diagnostic index.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82271843 and 31700779the Key Project supported by Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation,Nanjing Department of Health,No.ZKX20019the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20200137.
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two subsequent steps from MSCs to preadipocytes and further preadipocytes into adipocytes,in which the process MSCs are precisely controlled to commit to the adipogenic lineage and then mature into adipocytes.Previous studies have shown that the master transcription factors C/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferation activator receptor gamma play vital roles in adipogenesis.However,the mechanism underlying the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs is not fully understood.Here,the current knowledge of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs is reviewed,focusing on signaling pathways,noncoding RNAs and epigenetic effects on DNA methylation and acetylation during MSC differentiation.Finally,the relationship between maladipogenic differentiation and diseases is briefly discussed.We hope that this review can broaden and deepen our understanding of how MSCs turn into adipocytes.
基金supported by Guangdong Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine (20211082)
文摘Objective To explore the influence of Linggui Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD) on high glucose induced podocyte autophagy.Methods LGZGD containing serum was prepared by intragastric administation of 4.2 g/kg(low dose), 8.4 g/kg(medium dose), and 12.6 g/kg(high dose) LGZGD into SD rats respectively. MPC5 and AB8/13 podocyte cells were treated with 60 mmol/L glucose to establish diabetic nephropathy podocyte model in vitro. Both podocytes were divided into control group, high glucose group, low dose LGZGD group, medium dose LGZGD group, and high dose LGZGD group, respectively. For the three LGZGD groups, before LGZGD intervention, podocytes were treated with 60 mmol/L glucose for 3 days. After treated with LGZGD containing serum, cells were collected to analyze cell migration using Transwell assay, proliferation using CCK8, apoptosis and cell cycle using flow cytometry, autophagosome formation using transmission electron microscopy, and expression levels of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3II/I, and P62 proteins using Western blot.Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation and migration of MPC5 and AB8/13 cells in the high glucose group slightly decreased, whereas these parameters restored after intervention with low and medium concentrations of LGZGD, with the medium dose LGZGD having the better effect(P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the medium dose LGZGD group had a significantly lower apoptosis rate(P < 0.05) and higher survival rate(P > 0.05) compared to the high dose LGZGD group. High glucose arrested podocytes in G1 phase, whereas LGZGD shifted podocytes from being predominant in G1 phase to G2 phase. High dose LGZGD significanly reduced high glucose-increased autophagosome formation in both podocytes(P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3II/I, and P62 expressions were increased in MPC5 cells treated with high glucose and reversed after adminstration of low and medium doses of LGZGD(P < 0.05).Conclusion LGZGD reduced apoptosis and enhanced autophagy in high glucose treated podocytes via regulating Beclin-1/LC3II/I/Atg5 expression.
文摘Compared to commercial lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries can greatly increase the energy density, safety, and cycle life of batteries. The development of solid-state electrolyte with high lithium-ion conductivity and wide electrochemical window is the key for all-solid-state batteries. In this work, we report on the achievement of high ionic conductivity in the PAN/LiClO_(4)/BaTiO_(3) composite solid electrolyte (CSE) prepared by solution casting method. Our experimental results show that the PAN-based composite polymer electrolyte with 5 wt% BaTiO_(3) possesses a high room-temperature lithium-ion conductivity (9.85 × 10^(−4) S⋅cm^(−1)), high lithium-ion transfer number (0.63), wide electrochemical window (4.9 V vs Li+/Li). The Li|Li symmetric battery assembled with 5 wt% BaTiO_(3) can be stably circulated for 800 h at 0.1 mA⋅cm^(−2), and the LiFePO_(4)|CSE|Li battery maintains a capacity retention of 86.2% after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.3 C. The influence of BaTiO_(3) ceramic powder on the properties of PAN-based polymer electrolytes is analyzed. Our results provide a new avenue for future research in the all-solid-state lithium battery technology.
文摘Black garlic is a processed product derived from fresh garlic,retaining the original nutritional components of garlic while enhancing many of its biological activities.Black garlic peptides are a class of bioactive peptides extracted from fermented black garlic,which have gained considerable attention due to their unique health benefits.This article comprehensively discusses the extraction technologies,structural composition,biological functions,and application potential of black garlic peptides in agriculture,medicine,and the food industry.Extraction methods for black garlic peptides include ammonium sulfate precipitation,alkali-soluble acid-precipitation,enhanced hybrid supercritical fluid-assisted atomization(SAA-HCM),and others,which can efficiently separate bioactive peptides from black garlic.Structural and compositional analysis reveals the characteristics of black garlic peptides as small molecule peptides and the mechanisms of action of these peptides within the body.Black garlic peptides demonstrate health benefits such as antioxidation,anti-inflammatory effects,lipid-lowering properties,and immunomodulatory effects,providing scientific support for their applications in the medical field.In terms of application potential,black garlic peptides can be used as natural plant growth regulators and disease control agents in agriculture;in the medical field,their health benefits make them an important resource for developing new health supplements and drugs;in the food industry,black garlic peptides can serve as functional food additives to enhance the nutritional value and health benefits of foods.As a multifunctional bioactive substance,the optimization of extraction methods,in-depth studies of structure and function,and the development of applications in various fields will bring new opportunities for human health and industrial development.Future research should further explore the detailed mechanisms of action of black garlic peptides and their specific effects in different application domains to promote their wider use.
基金supported by Henan Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project(No.2021SJGLX333)。
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of or thopedic medical staff.Methods:The whole year of 2021 was selected to monitor the quality of hand hygiene and hospitalization.Follow-up monitoring and real-time recording during the period of morning shift and medical operation concentration time,and compare the compliance of hand hygiene before and after implementation,and evaluate the quality of nosocomial infection.Results:The hand hygiene compliance of doctors and nurses in stage P was 82%.The compliance of medical staff in stage D was 93%.The compliance of stage C was 94%and that of stage A was 95%.The quality score of hospital self-examination nosocomial infection was also significantly increased.Conclusions:The PDCA management cycle can effectively improve the compliance of hand hygiene and the nosocomial infection quality,which is wor thy of circulatory application in or thopedic nosocomial infection quality control,especially improving the quality of hand hygiene.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81771381 (to CQL)Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project,Nos. 2022e07020030 (to CQL), 2022e07020032 (to YG)+2 种基金Science Research Project of Bengbu Medical College,No. 2021byfy002 (to CQL)the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province,No. KJ2021ZD0085 (to CJW)the Undergraduate Innovative Training Program of China,Nos. 202110367043 (to CQL), 202110367044 (to YG)。
文摘Neural progenitor cells(NPCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neural cell lineages offer broad prospects for cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, cell therapy based on NPC transplantation is limited by the inability to acquire sufficient quantities of NPCs. Previous studies have found that a chemical cocktail of valproic acid, CHIR99021, and Repsox(VCR) promotes mouse fibroblasts to differentiate into NPCs under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, we used VCR(0.5 mM valproic acid, 3 μM CHIR99021, and 1 μM Repsox) to induce the reprogramming of rat embryonic fibroblasts into NPCs under a hypoxic condition(5%). These NPCs exhibited typical neurosphere-like structures that can express NPC markers, such as Nestin, SRY-box transcription factor 2, and paired box 6(Pax6), and could also differentiate into multiple types of functional neurons and astrocytes in vitro. They had similar gene expression profiles to those of rat brain-derived neural stem cells. Subsequently, the chemically-induced NPCs(ciNPCs) were stereotactically transplanted into the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned parkinsonian rats. We found that the ciNPCs exhibited long-term survival, migrated long distances, and differentiated into multiple types of functional neurons and glial cells in vivo. Moreover, the parkinsonian behavioral defects of the parkinsonian model rats grafted with ciNPCs showed remarkable functional recovery. These findings suggest that rat fibroblasts can be directly transformed into NPCs using a chemical cocktail of VCR without introducing exogenous factors, which may be an attractive donor material for transplantation therapy for Parkinson’s disease.
基金partially supported by the Special Funding for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan(2021SK4031)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ50166)the Guidance Plan Project of Hengyang(hyzdxjh20213).
文摘Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has become a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide because of lifestyle and dietary changes.Gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD.Understanding of the function of gut microbiota and its metabolites in MAFLD may help to elucidate pathological mechanisms,identify diagnostic markers,and develop drugs or probiotics for the treatment of MAFLD.Here we review the pathogenesis of MAFLD by gut microbiota and its metabolites and discuss the feasibility of treating MAFLD from the perspective of gut microbes.
基金Project supported by the Social Science Planning Project of Chongqing, China (Grant No. 2022BS069)the Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Committee, China (Grant No. KJQN202201140)+1 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20&ZD155)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 72061003)。
文摘This study establishes a low-carbon supply chain game model under the centralized decision situation and the decentralized decision situation considering the manufacturer risk-aversion behavior, and discusses the influence of the manufacturer risk-aversion behavior on the optimal decision, profit, coordination, and complex dynamics of the supply chain. We find that comparing with the risk-neutral decentralized decision, the increase of manufacturer's risk tolerance attitude can narrow the gap between the supply chain profit and the centralized decision, but it will further reduce the carbon emission reduction level. The increase of risk tolerance of the manufacturer and carbon tax will narrow the stable region of the system. Under this situation, the manufacturer should carefully adjust parameters to prevent the system from losing stability,especially the adjustment parameters for carbon emission reduction level. When the system is in a chaotic state, the increase of carbon tax rate makes the system show more complex dynamic characteristics. Under the chaotic state, it is difficult for the manufacturer to make correct price decision and carbon emission reduction strategy for the next period, which damages its profit, but increases the profit of the retailer and the supply chain. Finally, the carbon emission reduction cost-sharing contract is proposed to improve the carbon emission reduction level and the supply chain efficiency, achieving Pareto improvement. The stability region of the system is larger than that in the centralized decision situation, but the increase of the cost sharing coefficient will reduce the stability of the system in the decentralized decision-making situation.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1600201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U19A2093,U2032214,U2032163,U1732274,11904002,and 11874359)+5 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Grant No.2019HSC-CIP 001)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.2021117)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.1908085QA15)the Director Fund from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science(HFIPS)(Grant No.YZJJQY202304)the Director Fund from the the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei Institutes of Physical Science(CASHIPS),China(Grant No.E26MMG71131)the High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province,China。
文摘The compounds composed of transition metal cations and pnictide anions provide a rich platform for studying novel physical phenomena.Here we report on the observation of a phase transition at~70 K and 145 K in layered compound EuCu_(4)As_(2)and SrCu_(4)As_(2),respectively.from both the transport and heat capacity.The thermal expansion measurements show that the variation of the lattice parameters(△L_(b)/L_(ab))around T_(P) is much less than that for a typical crystalline phase transition.Our experimental results reveal that the transition in EuCu_(4)As_(2)and SrCu_(4)As_(2)should be driven by subtle structural-distortion.
基金supported by Henan University Undergraduate Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project:Innovative Geriatric Nursing Professional Training Mode Reform and Practice(No.HDXJJG2020-09)Henan Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project(No.2021SJGLX333)Henan Medical Education Research Project(No.wjlx2021046).
文摘The rate of disability due to acute osteofascial compartment syndrome(OCS)is high,and the therapeutic effect of decompressive fasciotomy is not ideal.This paper retrospectively reviews the modern treatment of OCS,including Western medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),mainly in the context of the advantages of TCM in the treatment process of decompressive fasciotomy or conservative treatment to the patients who are suffering from OCS.It was found that TCM treatment reduced the levels of serum creatine kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and aspartate aminotransferase(AST);it is beneficial to the elimination of swelling and pain.TCM adjunctive therapy promotes patients’postoperative functional recovery and decreases the occurrence of fasciotomy in patients;TCM can relieve tissue hypoxia of compartments and prevent necrosis of muscle and nerve tissue.TCM treatment improves the quality of medical service and ensures the safety of OCS patients.This paper aims to summarize the function of TCM in the treatment of OCS,provide reference for the clinical treatment of OCS,and improve the nursing/medical outcomes of OCS.
文摘Actinomycetes are relatively prevalent bacteria in the ocean,constituting 9% of the total number of marine bacteria.The advancement of science and technology has led to a more profound exploration of marine actinomycetes.These studies hold immense significance in comprehending the distribution and adaptation of marine actinomycetes within the oceanic environment,as well as uncovering new secondary metabolites.Based on differing lifestyles,marine actinomycetes can be categorized as free-living or co-epiphytic.The activity and metabolism of actinomycetes vary across diverse marine settings,including the deep sea,benthic regions,and marine organisms.Due to their distinctive biological traits and genetic background,these marine actinomycetes inevitably generate metabolites possessing unique structures.Research methodologies concerning marine actinomycetes predominantly encompass traditional pure culture techniques,molecular biology approaches,and the integration of metagenomics and bioinformatics.The exploration of varied methodologies proves pivotal for the analysis of metabolite processes.Through the cultivation of marine actinomycetes,numerous compounds featuring novel structures and significant activities have been isolated,furnishing a substantial foundation for new drug investigations.These encompass,but are not restricted to,peptides,antibiotics,terpenoids,ketones,quinones,macrolides,and pigments.The potential applications of marine actinomyces and their secondary metabolites extend beyond antibacterial and anti-tumor effects,exhibiting promising prospects in antifungal and antiviral domains.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the classification,resources,research methodologies,and habitats of marine actinomycetes.Furthermore,it delves into the classification of secondary metabolites and their functional activities,facilitating a more exhaustive analysis of the secondary metabolites produced by marine actinomycetes.
文摘With the development of modern society,the demand for nutrition,health,and food safety among people is also increasing.More and more consumers are connecting their diet to a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases.Spirulina,known as green ginseng,is one of the most productive microalgae with high output value.It is considered as one of the most ideal dietary supplements due to its unique nutritional and health benefits.The main components of spirulina include protein,fat,vitamins,chlorophyll,and minerals.The protein content is particularly high,ranging from 60-70%.Spirulina can be used as a natural nutritional supplement,providing various essential nutrients needed by the body.Apart from being a nutritional supplement,spirulina is also widely utilized in the food,medicine,and cosmetics industries.Spirulina powder can be added to various foods such as bread,cakes,and biscuits to enhance their nutritional value.Spirulina extract can also be used in the production of healthcare and beauty products.Furthermore,the antioxidant and immune-boosting effects of spirulina make it a promising natural medicine for research in the treatment of cancer and liver disease.This paper aims to provide comprehensive information on the nutritional composition,secondary metabolites,and biological activities of spirulina,thereby contributing to the spirulina industry.
文摘AIM： To study the levels of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1）, plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase （DAO） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）, and the potential clinical significance. METHODS： Sixty-nine patients with IBD and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. The concentration of sICAM-1 was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the level of D-lactate and DAO was measured by spectroscopic analysis, and the number of white blood cells （WBC） was determined by routine procedure. RESULTS： The levels of sICAM-I, DAO, and WBC in IBD patients were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）, sICAM-I in IBD patients was found to be closely related to the levels of DAO and D-lactate （212.94 ± 69.89 vs 6.35 ± 2.35, P = 0.000）, DAO 212.94 ± 69.89 vs 8.65 ± 3.54, P = 0.000） and WBC （212.94 ± 69.89 vs 7.40 ± 2.61, P = 0.000）, but no significant difference was observed between patients with ulcerative colitis and patients with Crohn＇s disease. The post-treatment levels of sICAM-I, D-lactate and WBC were significantly lower than before treatment （sICAM-I 206.57 ± 79.21 vs 146.21 ± 64.43, P = 0.000）, （D-lactate 1.46 ± 0.94 vs 0.52± 0.32, P = 0.000） and （WBC 7.24 ± 0.2.33 vs 5.21 ± 3.21, P = 0.000）. CONCLUSION： sICAM-1, D-lactate and DAO are closely related to the specific conditions of IBD, and thus could be used as a major diagnostic index.
