Implant-related osteomyelitis is a formidable hurdle in the clinical setting and is characterized by inflammation,infection,and consequential bone destruction.Therefore,effective reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging...Implant-related osteomyelitis is a formidable hurdle in the clinical setting and is characterized by inflammation,infection,and consequential bone destruction.Therefore,effective reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,bacterial killing,and subsequent bone tissue repair are urgently needed for the treatment of difficult-to-heal osteomyelitis.Herein,we utilized the eddy-thermal effect of magnesium(Mg)implants under an alternating magnetic field(AMF)for the controlled release of H_(2)gas and ions(OH^(-)and Mg^(2+))for the treatment of osteomyelitis.H_(2)released by Mg rods under AMFs effectively scavenged cytotoxic ROS,exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects and consequently disrupting the environment of bacterial infections.In addition,the OH-hindered the energy metabolism of bacteria by effectively neutralizing protons within the microenvironment.Moreover,H_(2)impaired the permeability of bacterial membranes and expedited the damage induced by OH-.This synergistic AMF-induced H_(2)and proton depletion treatment approach not only killed both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria but also effectively treated bacterial infections(abscesses and osteomyelitis).Moreover,Mg^(2+)released from the Mg rods enhanced and accelerated the process of bone osteogenesis.Overall,our work cleverly exploited the eddy-thermal effect and chemical activity of Mg implants under AMFs,aiming to eliminate the inflammatory environment and combat bacterial infections by the simultaneous release of H_(2),OH^(-),and Mg^(2+),thereby facilitating tissue regeneration.This therapeutic strategy achieved multiple benefits in one,thus presenting a promising avenue for clinical application.展开更多
Oxidative stress,due to the disruption of the balance between reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation and the antioxidant defense system,plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Excessive...Oxidative stress,due to the disruption of the balance between reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation and the antioxidant defense system,plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Excessive ROS leads to the loss of biological molecules and cellular functions,release of many inflammatory mediators,stimulate the polarization of macrophages,and aggravate the inflammatory response,thus promoting osteoclasts and bone damage.Therefore,foreign antioxidants would effectively treat RA.Herein,ultrasmall iron-quercetin natural coordination nanoparticles(Fe-Qur NCNs)with excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were constructed to effectively treat RA.Fe-Qur NCNs obtained by simple mixing retain the inherent ability to remove ROS of quercetin and have a better water-solubility and biocompatibility.In vitro experiments showed that Fe-Qur NCNs could effectively remove excess ROS,avoid cell apoptosis,and inhibit the polarization of inflammatory macrophages by reducing the activation of the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding(NF-κB)pathways.In vivo experiments showed that the swollen joints of mice with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Fe-Qur NCNs significantly improved,with Fe-Qur NCNs largely reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,increasing antiinflammatory macrophage phenotypes,and thus inhibiting osteoclasts,which led to bone erosion.This study demonstrated that the new metal-natural coordination nanoparticles could be an effective therapeutic agent for the prevention of RA and other diseases associated with oxidative stress.展开更多
Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid ...Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid and metastatic tumors.Here,we combined biodegradable magnesium(Mg)macroscale rods,which acted as an eddy thermo-magnetic agent under a low external alternating magnetic field,and immunotherapy to achieve a radical cure for OS.The eddy thermal effect(ETE)of the Mg rods(MgR)showed outstanding cytotoxic effects and enhanced the maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),and the mild MHT induced the immunogenic cell death(ICD)in the OS cells.Combined with immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy,we obtained an excellent curative effect against OS,and a further evaluation demonstrated that the local MHT induced by the MgR increased T cells infiltration and the polarization of M1 macrophages.Interestingly,the biodegradable MgR also promoted bone osteogenesis.Our work highlighted the uneven ETE mediated by the biodegradable MgR induced a comprehensive immunologic activation in the OS tumor microenvironment(TME),which would inspire the application of MHT for the effective treatment of OS.展开更多
The Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports(JCR)and Web of Science(WoS)platforms are arguably the most influential journal citation/metric databases worldwide.Journals must first be indexed in the WoS Core Collec...The Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports(JCR)and Web of Science(WoS)platforms are arguably the most influential journal citation/metric databases worldwide.Journals must first be indexed in the WoS Core Collection(CC)before being indexed in the JCR.The JCR and WoS platform are separate Clarivate Analytics products,but the JCR is included in the WoS platform for organizations that purchase both databases.The analysis for this study focused on citation data reported in the 2017 JCR(based on 2016 citation data)and other data reported in the WoS CC up to 2016.A total of 14 journals are indexed in the 2017 JCR agricultural engineering category;however,only 13 journals are analyzed in this because one journal was listed by mistake.Six of the 13 journals are published by large for-profit publishers(i.e.,Elsevier B.V.or Springer Verlag)and the other seven are published by respective professional societies.The journals were analyzed as a function of type(specialty versus comprehensive),type of publisher and publication frequency,metrics such as the Journal Impact Factor(JIF),volumes of articles published by year and journal,and the source institutions and countries of published articles.Bioenergy-and industrial crop-focused journals included in the 2017 JCR agricultural engineering category manifest the strongest overall metrics,as evidenced by relatively high JIF scores:Bioresource Technology(4.917),Biomass and Bioenergy(3.219)and Industrial Crops and Products(3.181).In contrast,the highest JIF reported in the 2017 JCR for a comprehensive agricultural engineering journal was 2.044 for Biosystems Engineering.During 2006 to 2016,the number of articles indexed in the Core Collection for the JCR agricultural engineering category rose from 1,124 to 4,078,an increase of 263%.Over 70% of the total articles published in 2016 were published in the three bioenergy-or industrial-crop focused journals.The top three countries that published the highest levels of WoS Core Collection agricultural engineering articles in 2016 were China(1132),United States(669)and Brazil(474).The similar top publishing institutions were the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA;136),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS;136)and Indian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR;79).The results of the study also show that publishing by Chinese scientists in the 13 journals indexed in the JCR Agricultural Engineering(AE)category is rapidly increasing,with seven research institutions ranked in the global top 20 in 2016,based on studies published in journals indexed in the JCR agricultural engineering category.The analysis also reveals that the specialty journals(e.g.,the three bioenergy-focused journals)are not directly comparable with the comprehensive agricultural engineering journals and should potentially be excluded from future versions of the JCR and WoS CC AE categories.展开更多
Apples are still manually harvested by workers using ladders and buckets.Though it is known that manual apple harvest would probably lead to occupational injuries(e.g.,back,neck,and shoulder strains),there has been li...Apples are still manually harvested by workers using ladders and buckets.Though it is known that manual apple harvest would probably lead to occupational injuries(e.g.,back,neck,and shoulder strains),there has been little research that focuses on identifying the awkward activities/postures of pickers during the harvest process.After categorizing apple harvest work into 12 activities,this study used the method of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment(RULA)to identify awkward postures/activities that occurred during apple harvest.Awkward activities confirmed include descending a ladder,dumping apples,picking high and low apples on a ladder as well as on the ground,and moving a ladder,with potential reasons for each awkward activity provided.Meanwhile,it was demonstrated that pickers spent approximately 64%of working time under awkward postures that would lead to occupational diseases.In addition,this study analyzed picker harvest efficiency in terms of general and detail manners.The general mode assessed harvest activity in terms of picking and non-picking,with results showing that pickers averagely spent 76%(±7%)of harvest time in picking apples.Further analysis evaluated picking activities in terms of reaching,detaching,and transporting apples,with results showing that pickers spent averagely 30%(±6%)of time in detaching apples,which is the value time during apple harvest.Furthermore,valuable picking time ratio was obtained as the multiplication of picking time ratio and detaching time ratio.With a valuable ratio of 22%(±5%),it theoretically demonstrated the low harvest efficiency of the traditional harvest method.Since a majority of the awkward activities and the low efficiency were because of the ladders/buckets,using a harvest-assist unit may be a potential solution.Additionally,more efforts should be spent on the development of innovative mechanism to replace worker in placing attached apples to the bucket.Once the time for transporting apples is eliminated,the time for reaching apples is also removed,indicating the harvest efficiency would be improved significantly.展开更多
An increasing number of U.S.apple growers are now interested in using harvest platforms to increase harvest productivity,expand labor pool,and alleviate tough working conditions.To maximize benefits,functions of thinn...An increasing number of U.S.apple growers are now interested in using harvest platforms to increase harvest productivity,expand labor pool,and alleviate tough working conditions.To maximize benefits,functions of thinning,pruning&training,and infield sorting have been or are to be incorporated into harvest platforms.Though growers are most concerned with economic benefits,few cost-benefit studies had been conducted on different platforms.In the meantime,economic analysis procedure is complex and each analysis is for one specific machine(not for general purposes).No software has been developed as a general and ready-to-use tool for growers and researchers for the platform economic analysis.In this study,platforms,both available on the marketplace and developed in lab as pilot trials,were reviewed.Costs and benefits models were then established,based on which multi-purpose apple harvest platform economic evaluation software(iMPAHP)was developed(capable of evaluating a wide variety of apple harvest platforms).A case study(machine cost of$100000,accommodating 6 workers,processing apple incidence of 10%with 90%sort-out rate,and harvest,thinning,and pruning&training productivity increase by 40%,50%,and 60%,respectively)based on iMPAHP demonstrated that infield sorting,harvest,thinning,and pruning and training accounted for 48.4%,23.9%,14.3%,and 13.4%of the total benefits,respectively.In the case that the platform was in all-four-purpose-application,the net present value(NPV)analysis of a 10-year investment showed a positive return of$60547.However,without infield sorting function,the NPV resulted in a negative value,indicating a loss for the machine investment.Though incorporating the modular infield sorting system certainly increased the overall machine investment by$30000,the benefits outweighed the costs.展开更多
YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-x)(YBCO)is a kind of high-temperature superconducting material that has important application in information,energy,medical treatment,etc.,and the superconducting properties of YBCO are closely relat...YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-x)(YBCO)is a kind of high-temperature superconducting material that has important application in information,energy,medical treatment,etc.,and the superconducting properties of YBCO are closely related to its internal microstructure.In this study,the microwave heating method was adopted to prepare the YBCO materials.The internal 3 D online evolution observation based on the synchrotron radiation computed tomography technology shows that there was directional grain growth phenomenon of YBCO during microwave sintering process.In local regions with special microstructure,these particles grew to the same point.Here,the theoretical models of single and multiple particles in the microwave electromagnetic fields were established.Based on these theoretical models and finite element analysis,it shows that the YBCO particles can modulate the distribution of electromagnetic fields,resulting in the significantly higher electric field intensity at the particle junctions than other regions.Moreover,there were very high electric field intensity and temperature gradients in the directions of particle growth.These factors were crucial in directional sintering.These results will provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the controllable preparation and performance optimization of the internal microstructure of superconducting materials in the preparation process.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804600,2021YFF0701800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254,52072253)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0118/2023/RIA2)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine,the Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices,Medical Research Project of Jiangsu Province(ZD2022024)New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE,and Key Laboratory of Structural Deformities in Children of Suzhou(SZS2022018)N.Y.was supported by the Macao Young Scholars Program and the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent.
文摘Implant-related osteomyelitis is a formidable hurdle in the clinical setting and is characterized by inflammation,infection,and consequential bone destruction.Therefore,effective reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,bacterial killing,and subsequent bone tissue repair are urgently needed for the treatment of difficult-to-heal osteomyelitis.Herein,we utilized the eddy-thermal effect of magnesium(Mg)implants under an alternating magnetic field(AMF)for the controlled release of H_(2)gas and ions(OH^(-)and Mg^(2+))for the treatment of osteomyelitis.H_(2)released by Mg rods under AMFs effectively scavenged cytotoxic ROS,exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects and consequently disrupting the environment of bacterial infections.In addition,the OH-hindered the energy metabolism of bacteria by effectively neutralizing protons within the microenvironment.Moreover,H_(2)impaired the permeability of bacterial membranes and expedited the damage induced by OH-.This synergistic AMF-induced H_(2)and proton depletion treatment approach not only killed both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria but also effectively treated bacterial infections(abscesses and osteomyelitis).Moreover,Mg^(2+)released from the Mg rods enhanced and accelerated the process of bone osteogenesis.Overall,our work cleverly exploited the eddy-thermal effect and chemical activity of Mg implants under AMFs,aiming to eliminate the inflammatory environment and combat bacterial infections by the simultaneous release of H_(2),OH^(-),and Mg^(2+),thereby facilitating tissue regeneration.This therapeutic strategy achieved multiple benefits in one,thus presenting a promising avenue for clinical application.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254,52072253,52032008)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology+4 种基金Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicinea Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSuzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine。
文摘Oxidative stress,due to the disruption of the balance between reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation and the antioxidant defense system,plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Excessive ROS leads to the loss of biological molecules and cellular functions,release of many inflammatory mediators,stimulate the polarization of macrophages,and aggravate the inflammatory response,thus promoting osteoclasts and bone damage.Therefore,foreign antioxidants would effectively treat RA.Herein,ultrasmall iron-quercetin natural coordination nanoparticles(Fe-Qur NCNs)with excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were constructed to effectively treat RA.Fe-Qur NCNs obtained by simple mixing retain the inherent ability to remove ROS of quercetin and have a better water-solubility and biocompatibility.In vitro experiments showed that Fe-Qur NCNs could effectively remove excess ROS,avoid cell apoptosis,and inhibit the polarization of inflammatory macrophages by reducing the activation of the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding(NF-κB)pathways.In vivo experiments showed that the swollen joints of mice with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Fe-Qur NCNs significantly improved,with Fe-Qur NCNs largely reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,increasing antiinflammatory macrophage phenotypes,and thus inhibiting osteoclasts,which led to bone erosion.This study demonstrated that the new metal-natural coordination nanoparticles could be an effective therapeutic agent for the prevention of RA and other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
基金This article was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254,52072253,82172506,82030068)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices,a Jiangsu Social Development Project(BE2019658)+1 种基金a Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine.L.Cheng was supported by the Tang Scholarship of Soochow University.
文摘Osteosarcoma(OS)patients have a poor prognosis due to its high degree of heterogeneity and high rate of metastasis.Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)combined with immunotherapy is an effective strategy to treat solid and metastatic tumors.Here,we combined biodegradable magnesium(Mg)macroscale rods,which acted as an eddy thermo-magnetic agent under a low external alternating magnetic field,and immunotherapy to achieve a radical cure for OS.The eddy thermal effect(ETE)of the Mg rods(MgR)showed outstanding cytotoxic effects and enhanced the maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),and the mild MHT induced the immunogenic cell death(ICD)in the OS cells.Combined with immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy,we obtained an excellent curative effect against OS,and a further evaluation demonstrated that the local MHT induced by the MgR increased T cells infiltration and the polarization of M1 macrophages.Interestingly,the biodegradable MgR also promoted bone osteogenesis.Our work highlighted the uneven ETE mediated by the biodegradable MgR induced a comprehensive immunologic activation in the OS tumor microenvironment(TME),which would inspire the application of MHT for the effective treatment of OS.
文摘The Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports(JCR)and Web of Science(WoS)platforms are arguably the most influential journal citation/metric databases worldwide.Journals must first be indexed in the WoS Core Collection(CC)before being indexed in the JCR.The JCR and WoS platform are separate Clarivate Analytics products,but the JCR is included in the WoS platform for organizations that purchase both databases.The analysis for this study focused on citation data reported in the 2017 JCR(based on 2016 citation data)and other data reported in the WoS CC up to 2016.A total of 14 journals are indexed in the 2017 JCR agricultural engineering category;however,only 13 journals are analyzed in this because one journal was listed by mistake.Six of the 13 journals are published by large for-profit publishers(i.e.,Elsevier B.V.or Springer Verlag)and the other seven are published by respective professional societies.The journals were analyzed as a function of type(specialty versus comprehensive),type of publisher and publication frequency,metrics such as the Journal Impact Factor(JIF),volumes of articles published by year and journal,and the source institutions and countries of published articles.Bioenergy-and industrial crop-focused journals included in the 2017 JCR agricultural engineering category manifest the strongest overall metrics,as evidenced by relatively high JIF scores:Bioresource Technology(4.917),Biomass and Bioenergy(3.219)and Industrial Crops and Products(3.181).In contrast,the highest JIF reported in the 2017 JCR for a comprehensive agricultural engineering journal was 2.044 for Biosystems Engineering.During 2006 to 2016,the number of articles indexed in the Core Collection for the JCR agricultural engineering category rose from 1,124 to 4,078,an increase of 263%.Over 70% of the total articles published in 2016 were published in the three bioenergy-or industrial-crop focused journals.The top three countries that published the highest levels of WoS Core Collection agricultural engineering articles in 2016 were China(1132),United States(669)and Brazil(474).The similar top publishing institutions were the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA;136),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS;136)and Indian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR;79).The results of the study also show that publishing by Chinese scientists in the 13 journals indexed in the JCR Agricultural Engineering(AE)category is rapidly increasing,with seven research institutions ranked in the global top 20 in 2016,based on studies published in journals indexed in the JCR agricultural engineering category.The analysis also reveals that the specialty journals(e.g.,the three bioenergy-focused journals)are not directly comparable with the comprehensive agricultural engineering journals and should potentially be excluded from future versions of the JCR and WoS CC AE categories.
文摘Apples are still manually harvested by workers using ladders and buckets.Though it is known that manual apple harvest would probably lead to occupational injuries(e.g.,back,neck,and shoulder strains),there has been little research that focuses on identifying the awkward activities/postures of pickers during the harvest process.After categorizing apple harvest work into 12 activities,this study used the method of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment(RULA)to identify awkward postures/activities that occurred during apple harvest.Awkward activities confirmed include descending a ladder,dumping apples,picking high and low apples on a ladder as well as on the ground,and moving a ladder,with potential reasons for each awkward activity provided.Meanwhile,it was demonstrated that pickers spent approximately 64%of working time under awkward postures that would lead to occupational diseases.In addition,this study analyzed picker harvest efficiency in terms of general and detail manners.The general mode assessed harvest activity in terms of picking and non-picking,with results showing that pickers averagely spent 76%(±7%)of harvest time in picking apples.Further analysis evaluated picking activities in terms of reaching,detaching,and transporting apples,with results showing that pickers spent averagely 30%(±6%)of time in detaching apples,which is the value time during apple harvest.Furthermore,valuable picking time ratio was obtained as the multiplication of picking time ratio and detaching time ratio.With a valuable ratio of 22%(±5%),it theoretically demonstrated the low harvest efficiency of the traditional harvest method.Since a majority of the awkward activities and the low efficiency were because of the ladders/buckets,using a harvest-assist unit may be a potential solution.Additionally,more efforts should be spent on the development of innovative mechanism to replace worker in placing attached apples to the bucket.Once the time for transporting apples is eliminated,the time for reaching apples is also removed,indicating the harvest efficiency would be improved significantly.
基金This research was funded by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(1110000002)the Key Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSWDQC040).
文摘An increasing number of U.S.apple growers are now interested in using harvest platforms to increase harvest productivity,expand labor pool,and alleviate tough working conditions.To maximize benefits,functions of thinning,pruning&training,and infield sorting have been or are to be incorporated into harvest platforms.Though growers are most concerned with economic benefits,few cost-benefit studies had been conducted on different platforms.In the meantime,economic analysis procedure is complex and each analysis is for one specific machine(not for general purposes).No software has been developed as a general and ready-to-use tool for growers and researchers for the platform economic analysis.In this study,platforms,both available on the marketplace and developed in lab as pilot trials,were reviewed.Costs and benefits models were then established,based on which multi-purpose apple harvest platform economic evaluation software(iMPAHP)was developed(capable of evaluating a wide variety of apple harvest platforms).A case study(machine cost of$100000,accommodating 6 workers,processing apple incidence of 10%with 90%sort-out rate,and harvest,thinning,and pruning&training productivity increase by 40%,50%,and 60%,respectively)based on iMPAHP demonstrated that infield sorting,harvest,thinning,and pruning and training accounted for 48.4%,23.9%,14.3%,and 13.4%of the total benefits,respectively.In the case that the platform was in all-four-purpose-application,the net present value(NPV)analysis of a 10-year investment showed a positive return of$60547.However,without infield sorting function,the NPV resulted in a negative value,indicating a loss for the machine investment.Though incorporating the modular infield sorting system certainly increased the overall machine investment by$30000,the benefits outweighed the costs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1832216,No.11627901)the Major Program of the National Science Foundation of China(No.11890683)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0403803)。
文摘YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-x)(YBCO)is a kind of high-temperature superconducting material that has important application in information,energy,medical treatment,etc.,and the superconducting properties of YBCO are closely related to its internal microstructure.In this study,the microwave heating method was adopted to prepare the YBCO materials.The internal 3 D online evolution observation based on the synchrotron radiation computed tomography technology shows that there was directional grain growth phenomenon of YBCO during microwave sintering process.In local regions with special microstructure,these particles grew to the same point.Here,the theoretical models of single and multiple particles in the microwave electromagnetic fields were established.Based on these theoretical models and finite element analysis,it shows that the YBCO particles can modulate the distribution of electromagnetic fields,resulting in the significantly higher electric field intensity at the particle junctions than other regions.Moreover,there were very high electric field intensity and temperature gradients in the directions of particle growth.These factors were crucial in directional sintering.These results will provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the controllable preparation and performance optimization of the internal microstructure of superconducting materials in the preparation process.
