In the future smart transportation system, reliable vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2 I) communication is very important to ensure vehicle driving safety and to improve vehicle driving efficiency. In this paper, V2 I chann...In the future smart transportation system, reliable vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2 I) communication is very important to ensure vehicle driving safety and to improve vehicle driving efficiency. In this paper, V2 I channel measurements at 5.92 GHz are conducted in typical urban and highway scenarios.The frequency and bandwidth of transmission, as well as the deployment of the RSU(roadside unit) and the OBU(on board unit), are selected by considering the recommendation proposed by 3 GPP TR 36.885. Then,based on the measured data, the key channel characteristic parameters of the V2 I channel are extracted,including path loss, root-mean-square delay spread,stationarity distance, and Doppler spread, etc. Also,the statistical characteristics of the parameters, including time-varying and Doppler characteristics, are investigated and characterized. The work in this paper helps researchers design technology and communication systems in similar scenarios.展开更多
The emerging lead-free halide double perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attentions due to their long-term stability and non-toxicity, but suffer from the low device performance. One efficiencylimiting fa...The emerging lead-free halide double perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attentions due to their long-term stability and non-toxicity, but suffer from the low device performance. One efficiencylimiting factor is the improper contacts between the halide double perovskite and anode/cathode electrodes. Here, we improve the efficiency and stability of the bismuth-halide double perovskite based solar cells by a synergistic interface design for both electron and hole transport layers(ETL/HTL). The results show that the modification of the TiO_2 ETL with a thin hydrophobic C60 layer and replacement of the lithium-doped small molecule HTL with an un-doped conjugated polymer lead to higher surface quality of perovskite film and better energy-level alignment at the contacts. As a result, the optimized device shows reduced trap density, suppressed charge recombination and enhanced charge extraction, leading to an increase of 69% in device efficiency. In addition, the device also exhibits superior stability in ambient environment, heat stress and light bias after interface optimization. This work provides an efficient strategy for the device optimization of the emerging lead-free perovskite solar cells.展开更多
Given that it is difficult to assess the harmfulness and make emergency response timely in the early stage when flood disasters happen in cities for that the data are complex and rapidly changing, this article constru...Given that it is difficult to assess the harmfulness and make emergency response timely in the early stage when flood disasters happen in cities for that the data are complex and rapidly changing, this article constructs a rapid assessment model, namely Simple Simos Procedure and PROMTHEE II Model (SSPPM), to assess the severity of flood disaster occurring in cities at the early stage based on a view of the rapid flood disaster assessment. On this basis, the fuzzy VIKOR method is applied to choose a scientific emergency plan. This article aims to construct a research framework model, which can provide some practice implications to reduce the losses caused by flood disaster.展开更多
[Objectives]The quality of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.from different producing areas was studied.[Methods]The content of proanthocyanidins(UV spectrophotometry),water-soluble vitamins(VB 2,VB 6,VB 12,Vc,niacinamide,and fo...[Objectives]The quality of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.from different producing areas was studied.[Methods]The content of proanthocyanidins(UV spectrophotometry),water-soluble vitamins(VB 2,VB 6,VB 12,Vc,niacinamide,and folic acid)),fat-soluble vitamins(VD,and VK 1)(high performance liquid chromatography),and trace elements Cu,Zn,and Fe(flame atomic absorption method)in L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner of Inner Mongolia,Nuomuhong of Qinghai and Korla of Xinjiang were measured.[Results]The content of proanthocyanidins,VB 2,nicotinamide and VB 12 in L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner was higher,and the content of Vc,VB 6,Cu,Zn,VD and VK 1 in L.ruthenicum from Nuomuhong was higher,while the content of folic acid and Fe in L.ruthenicum from Korla was higher.The proanthocyanidin content of L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner was the highest,so it is an ideal plant for extracting proanthocyanidins.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the research,development and utilization of L.ruthenicum from Nuomuhong,Ejin Banner and Korla.展开更多
Germination and hydroponic experiments are performed on rice seeds growing in soils treated with Cd stress,with rice seeds of the same variety that is not treated with Cd stress as a control,to study the effects of Cd...Germination and hydroponic experiments are performed on rice seeds growing in soils treated with Cd stress,with rice seeds of the same variety that is not treated with Cd stress as a control,to study the effects of Cd stress on quality of rice seeds.The results have shown that:(1)Cd stress reduces the thousand grain weight of rice seeds,and higher Cd content means lower thousand grain weight;(2)The germination vigor and germination percentage of rice seeds under Cd stress as well as theirα-amylase activity andβ-amylase activity are all lower than those of the control.They decreases as the Cd stress increases;(3)For rice seeds under Cd stress,the height,fresh and dry weight of seedlings,as well as the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate and content of soluble protein of their leaves are all lower than those of the control.This indicates that Cd stress has certain effects on the germination and growth of the rice seeds.展开更多
Objective: To improve the recognition of clinicians on insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) induced by exogenous insulin. Methods: Two cases of IAS induced by exogenous insulin were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Two...Objective: To improve the recognition of clinicians on insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) induced by exogenous insulin. Methods: Two cases of IAS induced by exogenous insulin were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Two patients had hypoglycemia occurred during the night. They had dissociation between C-peptide and insulin, accompanied by high titer of insulin autoantibody (IAA). Hypoglycemia episodes were ameliorated after the use of oral hypo-glycemic agents. Conclusions: Due to the role of insulin to be covered up, diabetes patients after the application of exogenous insulin induced IAS are easily misdiagnosed, high titer IAA and insulin and C-peptide separation phenomenon have been confirmed with diagnostic value.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the relationship of iodine nutritional status with thyroid function in pregnant women in Baotou,and provide a scientific basis for the guide of reasonable iodine supplementation.Methods:By use...Objective:To investigate the relationship of iodine nutritional status with thyroid function in pregnant women in Baotou,and provide a scientific basis for the guide of reasonable iodine supplementation.Methods:By use of As-Ce catalysis spectrophotometry,the urinary iodine concentration was determined in 90 women during different periods of pregnancy admitted to Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from January 2017 to December 2017.The determination of thyroid function and the autoantibody level was carried out by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA).Results:In the early trimester of pregnancy,pregnant women with iodine deficiency,iodine sufficiency and iodine excess accounted for 36.67%,40.00%and 23.33%respectively;in the middle trimester of pregnancy,they accounted for 66.67%,26.67%and 6.66%respectively;they made up 40.00%,40.00%and 20.00%respectively in the late trimester of pregnancy.The rate of iodine deficiency in women in the middle trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than that in women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The rate of iodine deficiency in pregnant women was positively correlated to the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody.Moreover,it had no relationship with the positivity of thyroglobulin antibody.No matter in the pregnant women with iodine deficiency or with iodine excess,the abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies was significantly higher than that in the pregnant women with iodine sufficiency.The difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusions:The iodine deficiency in the women in the middle trimester of pregnancy is more severe than that in the women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy.Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is positively correlated with the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody.Pregnant women with iodine deficiency and iodine excess show a higher abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies.It is recommended to advocate health education on iodine nutrition to pregnant women,and conduct the dynamic monitoring of urinary iodine concentration and the screening of thyroid function and autoantibodies during pregnancy.展开更多
Highly efficient persistent organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted increasing attention because of promising applications in fields of chemical sensors, optoelectronic devices, information securit...Highly efficient persistent organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted increasing attention because of promising applications in fields of chemical sensors, optoelectronic devices, information security, and bioimaging, etc. Wherein,the crystal engineering of H-aggregation offers stabilization for long-lived triplet exciton for RTP, but the related research is rare because of the scarcity of ideal phosphorescent H-aggregate. Herein, we designed planar tricoordinate organoboron derivatives with molecular arrangement in ideal H-aggregation. The integration of Br atom can largely enhance RTP efficiency through increasing SOC effect, while the antiparallel molecular arrangement causes annihilation of triplet exciton. Thanks to good selfassembly property, their RTP can even be observed in PMMA matrix with doping ratio of merely 1 wt%. We further found that the cryogenic temperature contributes to stabilizing triplet exciton in H-aggregation, leading to red-shifted phosphorescence. By applying high hydrostatic pressure, the phosphorescence was largely enhanced and redshifted, demonstrating the crucial role of H-aggregation on RTP property. In phosphorescent tissue imaging of live mouse, nanoparticles of BrBA exhibited high contrast image via eliminating the interference of autofluorescence.展开更多
Organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) materials with persistent afterglow exhibit good biocompatibility, high signal to noise ratio and time resolved imaging characteristics in bio-applications. Moreover, they...Organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) materials with persistent afterglow exhibit good biocompatibility, high signal to noise ratio and time resolved imaging characteristics in bio-applications. Moreover, they can serve as hypoxia detection probes and photodynamic therapy agents for the sensitivity of triplet excitons toward oxygen in the surroundings. In this review, the recent progress of in vitro and in vivo afterglow bioimaging is presented by utilizing organic RTP materials. The strategies of molecular design and controlling methods of molecular packing were summarized, to prompt this new rising research field, with the emphasis on high intensity, ultralong lifetimes and red-shifted wavelengths of phosphorescence emission.展开更多
Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to ...Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to monotherapy.However,the major challenge is how to integrate multiple immune drugs together and efficiently convey these drugs to tumor sites.Although a variety of nanomaterials have been exploited as carriers for targeting tumor issues and the delivery of multiple drugs,their potential toxicity,immune rejection,and stability are still controversial for clinical application.Here,we proposed endogenic exosomes as drug carriers to deliver two antibodies acting as tumor-targeting molecules and block checkpoint inhibitors with specific response to the tumor microenvironment and costimulatory molecules for further improvement of therapeutic effect.The versatile exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and provide a combination immunotherapy platform with synergistic advantages of activation of immune response and inhibition of immune escape.展开更多
Eco-friendly printing is important for mass manufacturing of thin-film photovoltaic(PV)devices to preserve human safety and the environment and to reduce energy consumption and capital expense.However,it is challengin...Eco-friendly printing is important for mass manufacturing of thin-film photovoltaic(PV)devices to preserve human safety and the environment and to reduce energy consumption and capital expense.However,it is challenging for perovskite PVs due to the lack of eco-friendly solvents for ambient fast printing.In this study,we demonstrate for the first time an eco-friendly printing concept for high-performance perovskite solar cells.Both the perovskite and charge transport layers were fabricated from eco-friendly solvents via scalable fast blade coating under ambient conditions.The perovskite dynamic crystallization during blade coating investigated using in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering(GIWAXS)reveals a long sol-gel window prior to phase transformation and a strong interaction between the precursors and the eco-friendly solvents.The insights enable the achievement of high quality coatings for both the perovskite and charge transport layers by controlling film formation during scalable coating.The excellent optoelectronic properties of these coatings translate to a power conversion efficiency of 18.26%for eco-friendly printed solar cells,which is on par with the conventional devices fabricated via spin coating from toxic solvents under inert atmosphere.The eco-friendly printing paradigm presented in this work paves the way for future green and highthroughput fabrication on an industrial scale for perovskite PVs.展开更多
Long-term fertilization and crop rotation can influence both organic C sequestration as well as the C composition of soils and the more resistant organic C compounds contained in humic acid(HA). This study examined th...Long-term fertilization and crop rotation can influence both organic C sequestration as well as the C composition of soils and the more resistant organic C compounds contained in humic acid(HA). This study examined the effects of fertilization and cropping type(monoculture corn(MC) and Kentucky bluegrass sod(KBS) and corn-oat-alfalfa-alfalfa rotation(RC)) on the HA composition of soil from a 52-year field study in southern Ontario, Canada. Humic acid samples were extracted from soil, and elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and electron paramagnetic resonance methods were used to determine the influence of the cropping type on the characteristics of HA. Both fertilization and cropping type affected the chemical characteristics of HA. Fertilization led to a 5.9% increase in C, a 7.6% decrease in O, and lower O/C and(N + O)/C ratios in HA as compared to the corresponding non-fertilized treatments. Rotation resulted in a lower proportion of C(48.1%) and a greater(N + O)/C ratio(0.7) relative to monoculture cropping. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that HA contained more C-O groups in fertilized soil than in non-fertilized soil under MC and KBS. Fertilization increased the O-alkyl-C, phenolic-C, and free radical contents of HA relative to non-fertilization treatments. Rotation decreased the aliphatic and carboxyl groups and increased the O-alkyl, carbohydrate, aryl, and phenolic groups and free radicals, relative to MC and KBS. Both long-term crop rotation and fertilization dramatically modified the soil HA composition. Significant relationships were observed between the molecular composition of HA and soil organic C. Hence, humic acid characterization could be used as an indicator of the long-term sustainability of crop management practices.展开更多
Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted much attention for the applications in information encryption,bioimaging,displaying,and so on.In this work,persistent RTP emission is mainly achieved by the compact ...Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted much attention for the applications in information encryption,bioimaging,displaying,and so on.In this work,persistent RTP emission is mainly achieved by the compact face-to-face packing modes with aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions.Moreover,it can be further optimized by halogen substitutions with heavy atom effect,electron-withdrawing property,and steric hindrance,resulting in the prolonged RTP lifetime.Furthermore,the multiple fluorine substitutions endowed these luminogens with the water-resistant property,resulting in the maintained RTP emission with water droplets.Therefore,the aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions are not only the efficient approach to achieve persistent RTP,but also extend their application to a humid environment or even in water.展开更多
Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to ...Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to monotherapy.However,the major challenge is how to integrate multiple immune drugs together and efficiently convey these drugs to tumor sites.Although a variety of nanomaterials have been exploited as carriers for targeting tumor issues and the delivery of multiple drugs,their potential toxicity,immune rejection,and stability are still controversial for clinical application.Here,we proposed endogenic exosomes as drug carriers to deliver two antibodies acting as tumor-targeting molecules and block checkpoint inhibitors with specific response to the tumor microenvironment and costimulatory molecules for further improvement of therapeutic effect.The versatile exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and provide a combination immunotherapy platform with synergistic advantages of activation of immune response and inhibition of immune escape.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant of 61931001。
文摘In the future smart transportation system, reliable vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2 I) communication is very important to ensure vehicle driving safety and to improve vehicle driving efficiency. In this paper, V2 I channel measurements at 5.92 GHz are conducted in typical urban and highway scenarios.The frequency and bandwidth of transmission, as well as the deployment of the RSU(roadside unit) and the OBU(on board unit), are selected by considering the recommendation proposed by 3 GPP TR 36.885. Then,based on the measured data, the key channel characteristic parameters of the V2 I channel are extracted,including path loss, root-mean-square delay spread,stationarity distance, and Doppler spread, etc. Also,the statistical characteristics of the parameters, including time-varying and Doppler characteristics, are investigated and characterized. The work in this paper helps researchers design technology and communication systems in similar scenarios.
基金supported by the National Key Research and DevelopmentProgramofChina(2016YFA0202403, 2017YFA0204800)the Key Program project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51933010)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61604092, 61974085, 91733301)the National University Research Fund (GK201802005)the 111 Project (B14041)the National 1000 Talents Plan program (1110010341)。
文摘The emerging lead-free halide double perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attentions due to their long-term stability and non-toxicity, but suffer from the low device performance. One efficiencylimiting factor is the improper contacts between the halide double perovskite and anode/cathode electrodes. Here, we improve the efficiency and stability of the bismuth-halide double perovskite based solar cells by a synergistic interface design for both electron and hole transport layers(ETL/HTL). The results show that the modification of the TiO_2 ETL with a thin hydrophobic C60 layer and replacement of the lithium-doped small molecule HTL with an un-doped conjugated polymer lead to higher surface quality of perovskite film and better energy-level alignment at the contacts. As a result, the optimized device shows reduced trap density, suppressed charge recombination and enhanced charge extraction, leading to an increase of 69% in device efficiency. In addition, the device also exhibits superior stability in ambient environment, heat stress and light bias after interface optimization. This work provides an efficient strategy for the device optimization of the emerging lead-free perovskite solar cells.
文摘Given that it is difficult to assess the harmfulness and make emergency response timely in the early stage when flood disasters happen in cities for that the data are complex and rapidly changing, this article constructs a rapid assessment model, namely Simple Simos Procedure and PROMTHEE II Model (SSPPM), to assess the severity of flood disaster occurring in cities at the early stage based on a view of the rapid flood disaster assessment. On this basis, the fuzzy VIKOR method is applied to choose a scientific emergency plan. This article aims to construct a research framework model, which can provide some practice implications to reduce the losses caused by flood disaster.
基金Supported by Support Fund for Young Graduate Tutors(No.GAU-QNDS-201715)Sheng Tongsheng Innovation Fund(No.GSAU-STS-1736)+1 种基金Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University(No.GSCS-2012-14)Study on Breeding and Propagation Techniques of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.(NLKY[2015]No.3)
文摘[Objectives]The quality of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.from different producing areas was studied.[Methods]The content of proanthocyanidins(UV spectrophotometry),water-soluble vitamins(VB 2,VB 6,VB 12,Vc,niacinamide,and folic acid)),fat-soluble vitamins(VD,and VK 1)(high performance liquid chromatography),and trace elements Cu,Zn,and Fe(flame atomic absorption method)in L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner of Inner Mongolia,Nuomuhong of Qinghai and Korla of Xinjiang were measured.[Results]The content of proanthocyanidins,VB 2,nicotinamide and VB 12 in L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner was higher,and the content of Vc,VB 6,Cu,Zn,VD and VK 1 in L.ruthenicum from Nuomuhong was higher,while the content of folic acid and Fe in L.ruthenicum from Korla was higher.The proanthocyanidin content of L.ruthenicum from Ejin Banner was the highest,so it is an ideal plant for extracting proanthocyanidins.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the research,development and utilization of L.ruthenicum from Nuomuhong,Ejin Banner and Korla.
基金Supported by the Open Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization,Huanggang Normal University(2013000503)
文摘Germination and hydroponic experiments are performed on rice seeds growing in soils treated with Cd stress,with rice seeds of the same variety that is not treated with Cd stress as a control,to study the effects of Cd stress on quality of rice seeds.The results have shown that:(1)Cd stress reduces the thousand grain weight of rice seeds,and higher Cd content means lower thousand grain weight;(2)The germination vigor and germination percentage of rice seeds under Cd stress as well as theirα-amylase activity andβ-amylase activity are all lower than those of the control.They decreases as the Cd stress increases;(3)For rice seeds under Cd stress,the height,fresh and dry weight of seedlings,as well as the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate and content of soluble protein of their leaves are all lower than those of the control.This indicates that Cd stress has certain effects on the germination and growth of the rice seeds.
文摘Objective: To improve the recognition of clinicians on insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) induced by exogenous insulin. Methods: Two cases of IAS induced by exogenous insulin were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Two patients had hypoglycemia occurred during the night. They had dissociation between C-peptide and insulin, accompanied by high titer of insulin autoantibody (IAA). Hypoglycemia episodes were ameliorated after the use of oral hypo-glycemic agents. Conclusions: Due to the role of insulin to be covered up, diabetes patients after the application of exogenous insulin induced IAS are easily misdiagnosed, high titer IAA and insulin and C-peptide separation phenomenon have been confirmed with diagnostic value.
文摘Objective:To investigate the relationship of iodine nutritional status with thyroid function in pregnant women in Baotou,and provide a scientific basis for the guide of reasonable iodine supplementation.Methods:By use of As-Ce catalysis spectrophotometry,the urinary iodine concentration was determined in 90 women during different periods of pregnancy admitted to Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from January 2017 to December 2017.The determination of thyroid function and the autoantibody level was carried out by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA).Results:In the early trimester of pregnancy,pregnant women with iodine deficiency,iodine sufficiency and iodine excess accounted for 36.67%,40.00%and 23.33%respectively;in the middle trimester of pregnancy,they accounted for 66.67%,26.67%and 6.66%respectively;they made up 40.00%,40.00%and 20.00%respectively in the late trimester of pregnancy.The rate of iodine deficiency in women in the middle trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than that in women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The rate of iodine deficiency in pregnant women was positively correlated to the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody.Moreover,it had no relationship with the positivity of thyroglobulin antibody.No matter in the pregnant women with iodine deficiency or with iodine excess,the abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies was significantly higher than that in the pregnant women with iodine sufficiency.The difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusions:The iodine deficiency in the women in the middle trimester of pregnancy is more severe than that in the women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy.Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is positively correlated with the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody.Pregnant women with iodine deficiency and iodine excess show a higher abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies.It is recommended to advocate health education on iodine nutrition to pregnant women,and conduct the dynamic monitoring of urinary iodine concentration and the screening of thyroid function and autoantibodies during pregnancy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905198)the Starting Grants of Tianjin University,Tianjin Government.
文摘Highly efficient persistent organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted increasing attention because of promising applications in fields of chemical sensors, optoelectronic devices, information security, and bioimaging, etc. Wherein,the crystal engineering of H-aggregation offers stabilization for long-lived triplet exciton for RTP, but the related research is rare because of the scarcity of ideal phosphorescent H-aggregate. Herein, we designed planar tricoordinate organoboron derivatives with molecular arrangement in ideal H-aggregation. The integration of Br atom can largely enhance RTP efficiency through increasing SOC effect, while the antiparallel molecular arrangement causes annihilation of triplet exciton. Thanks to good selfassembly property, their RTP can even be observed in PMMA matrix with doping ratio of merely 1 wt%. We further found that the cryogenic temperature contributes to stabilizing triplet exciton in H-aggregation, leading to red-shifted phosphorescence. By applying high hydrostatic pressure, the phosphorescence was largely enhanced and redshifted, demonstrating the crucial role of H-aggregation on RTP property. In phosphorescent tissue imaging of live mouse, nanoparticles of BrBA exhibited high contrast image via eliminating the interference of autofluorescence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22235006, 22122504, 51973162)the Foundation of Hubei Scientific Committee (2022BAA015)+1 种基金Wuhan city (whkxjsj014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042023kf2058)。
文摘Organic room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) materials with persistent afterglow exhibit good biocompatibility, high signal to noise ratio and time resolved imaging characteristics in bio-applications. Moreover, they can serve as hypoxia detection probes and photodynamic therapy agents for the sensitivity of triplet excitons toward oxygen in the surroundings. In this review, the recent progress of in vitro and in vivo afterglow bioimaging is presented by utilizing organic RTP materials. The strategies of molecular design and controlling methods of molecular packing were summarized, to prompt this new rising research field, with the emphasis on high intensity, ultralong lifetimes and red-shifted wavelengths of phosphorescence emission.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21927811,91859111,and 21804082)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2019JQ06)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(tsqn.201909077)the Local Science and Technology Development Fund Guided by the Central Government(YDZX20203700002568).
文摘Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to monotherapy.However,the major challenge is how to integrate multiple immune drugs together and efficiently convey these drugs to tumor sites.Although a variety of nanomaterials have been exploited as carriers for targeting tumor issues and the delivery of multiple drugs,their potential toxicity,immune rejection,and stability are still controversial for clinical application.Here,we proposed endogenic exosomes as drug carriers to deliver two antibodies acting as tumor-targeting molecules and block checkpoint inhibitors with specific response to the tumor microenvironment and costimulatory molecules for further improvement of therapeutic effect.The versatile exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and provide a combination immunotherapy platform with synergistic advantages of activation of immune response and inhibition of immune escape.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0202403,2017YFA0204800)the Key Program Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51933010)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974085)the National University Research Fund(GK201802005)the 111 Project(B14041)the National 1000-Talent-Plan Program(1110010341)CHESS is supported by the NSF Award DMR-1332208.
文摘Eco-friendly printing is important for mass manufacturing of thin-film photovoltaic(PV)devices to preserve human safety and the environment and to reduce energy consumption and capital expense.However,it is challenging for perovskite PVs due to the lack of eco-friendly solvents for ambient fast printing.In this study,we demonstrate for the first time an eco-friendly printing concept for high-performance perovskite solar cells.Both the perovskite and charge transport layers were fabricated from eco-friendly solvents via scalable fast blade coating under ambient conditions.The perovskite dynamic crystallization during blade coating investigated using in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering(GIWAXS)reveals a long sol-gel window prior to phase transformation and a strong interaction between the precursors and the eco-friendly solvents.The insights enable the achievement of high quality coatings for both the perovskite and charge transport layers by controlling film formation during scalable coating.The excellent optoelectronic properties of these coatings translate to a power conversion efficiency of 18.26%for eco-friendly printed solar cells,which is on par with the conventional devices fabricated via spin coating from toxic solvents under inert atmosphere.The eco-friendly printing paradigm presented in this work paves the way for future green and highthroughput fabrication on an industrial scale for perovskite PVs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41571317)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. 2018 A030313940)the Twelfth Five-Year National Science and Technology Support Project for Cycling of Agricultural Science and Technology Project, China (No. 2012BAD14B00)。
文摘Long-term fertilization and crop rotation can influence both organic C sequestration as well as the C composition of soils and the more resistant organic C compounds contained in humic acid(HA). This study examined the effects of fertilization and cropping type(monoculture corn(MC) and Kentucky bluegrass sod(KBS) and corn-oat-alfalfa-alfalfa rotation(RC)) on the HA composition of soil from a 52-year field study in southern Ontario, Canada. Humic acid samples were extracted from soil, and elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and electron paramagnetic resonance methods were used to determine the influence of the cropping type on the characteristics of HA. Both fertilization and cropping type affected the chemical characteristics of HA. Fertilization led to a 5.9% increase in C, a 7.6% decrease in O, and lower O/C and(N + O)/C ratios in HA as compared to the corresponding non-fertilized treatments. Rotation resulted in a lower proportion of C(48.1%) and a greater(N + O)/C ratio(0.7) relative to monoculture cropping. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that HA contained more C-O groups in fertilized soil than in non-fertilized soil under MC and KBS. Fertilization increased the O-alkyl-C, phenolic-C, and free radical contents of HA relative to non-fertilization treatments. Rotation decreased the aliphatic and carboxyl groups and increased the O-alkyl, carbohydrate, aryl, and phenolic groups and free radicals, relative to MC and KBS. Both long-term crop rotation and fertilization dramatically modified the soil HA composition. Significant relationships were observed between the molecular composition of HA and soil organic C. Hence, humic acid characterization could be used as an indicator of the long-term sustainability of crop management practices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars (22122504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51973162, 21875174, 21734007)the Excellent Youth Foundation of Hubei Scientific Committee (2020CFA084)。
文摘Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) has attracted much attention for the applications in information encryption,bioimaging,displaying,and so on.In this work,persistent RTP emission is mainly achieved by the compact face-to-face packing modes with aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions.Moreover,it can be further optimized by halogen substitutions with heavy atom effect,electron-withdrawing property,and steric hindrance,resulting in the prolonged RTP lifetime.Furthermore,the multiple fluorine substitutions endowed these luminogens with the water-resistant property,resulting in the maintained RTP emission with water droplets.Therefore,the aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions are not only the efficient approach to achieve persistent RTP,but also extend their application to a humid environment or even in water.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21927811,91859111,and 21804082)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2019JQ06)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(tsqn.201909077)the Local Science and Technology Development Fund Guided by the Central Government(YDZX20203700002568).
文摘Recently,combination immunotherapy,which incorporates the activation of the immune system and inhibition of immune escape,has been proved to be a new powerful strategy for more efficient tumor suppression compared to monotherapy.However,the major challenge is how to integrate multiple immune drugs together and efficiently convey these drugs to tumor sites.Although a variety of nanomaterials have been exploited as carriers for targeting tumor issues and the delivery of multiple drugs,their potential toxicity,immune rejection,and stability are still controversial for clinical application.Here,we proposed endogenic exosomes as drug carriers to deliver two antibodies acting as tumor-targeting molecules and block checkpoint inhibitors with specific response to the tumor microenvironment and costimulatory molecules for further improvement of therapeutic effect.The versatile exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and provide a combination immunotherapy platform with synergistic advantages of activation of immune response and inhibition of immune escape.
