Porous intermetallics show potential in the field of filtration and separation as well as in the field of catalysis.Herein,porous Ti Fe2intermetallics were fabricated by the reactive synthesis of elemental powders.The...Porous intermetallics show potential in the field of filtration and separation as well as in the field of catalysis.Herein,porous Ti Fe2intermetallics were fabricated by the reactive synthesis of elemental powders.The phase transformation and pore formation of porous TiFe2intermetallics were investigated,and its corrosion behavior and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance in alkali solution were studied.Porous TiFe2intermetallics with porosity in the range of 34.4%-56.4%were synthesized by the diffusion reaction of Ti and Fe elements,and the pore formation of porous TiFe2intermetallic compound is the result of a combination of the bridging effect and the Kirkendall effect.The porous TiFe2samples exhibit better corrosion resistance compared with porous 316L stainless steel,which is related to the formation of uniform nanosheets on the surface that hinder further corrosion,and porous TiFe2electrode shows the overpotential of 220.6 and 295.6 mV at 10 and 100 mA·cm-2,suggesting a good catalytic performance.The synthesized porous Fe-based intermetallic has a controllable pore structure as well as excellent corrosion resistance,showing its potential in the field of filtration and separation.展开更多
Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing immunity.It is also ...Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing immunity.It is also effective in protecting the digestive system and preventing neurodegenerative diseases.In this review paper,we summarize the sources,structures and efficacies of the main active components in H.erinaceus fruiting body,mycelium,and culture media,and update the latest research progress on their biological activities and the related molecular mechanisms.Based on this information,we provide detailed challenges in current research,industrialization and information on the active ingredients of H.erinaceus.Perspectives for future studies and new applications of H.erinaceus are proposed.展开更多
Precisely regulating of the surface structure of crystalline materials to improve their catalytic activity for lithium polysulfides is urgently needed for high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,high-ind...Precisely regulating of the surface structure of crystalline materials to improve their catalytic activity for lithium polysulfides is urgently needed for high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,high-index faceted iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))nanocrystals anchored on reduced graphene oxide are developed as highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts,effectively improving the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.The theoretical and experimental results all indicate that high-index Fe_(2)O_(3)crystal facets with abundant unsaturated coordinated Fe sites not only have strong adsorption capacity to anchor polysulfides but also have high catalytic activity to facilitate the redox transformation of polysulfides and reduce the decomposition energy barrier of Li_(2)S.The Li-S batteries with these bifunctional electrocatalysts exhibit high initial capacity of 1521 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C and excellent cycling performance with a low capacity fading of 0.025%per cycle during 1600 cycles at 2 C.Even with a high sulfur loading of 9.41 mg cm^(-2),a remarkable areal capacity of 7.61 mAh cm^(-2)was maintained after 85 cycles.This work provides a new strategy to improve the catalytic activity of nanocrystals through the crystal facet engineering,deepening the comprehending of facet-dependent activity of catalysts in Li-S chemistry,affording a novel perspective for the design of advanced sulfur electrodes.展开更多
AIM: To demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of betaxolol and its underlying mechanism on human corneal endothelial cells(HCE cells) in vitro and cat corneal endothelial cells(CCE cells) in vivo,providing experimental bas...AIM: To demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of betaxolol and its underlying mechanism on human corneal endothelial cells(HCE cells) in vitro and cat corneal endothelial cells(CCE cells) in vivo,providing experimental basis for safety anti-glaucoma drug usage in clinic of ophthalmology. ·METHODS: In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore whether and how betaxolol participates in corneal endothelial cell injury. The in vitro morphology,growth status,plasma membrane permeability,DNA fragmentation,and ultrastructure of HCE cells treated with 0.021875-0.28g/L betaxolol were examined by light microscope,3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide(MTT) assay,acridine orange(AO)/ethidium bromide(EB) double-fluorescent staining,DNA agarose gel electrophoresis,and transmission electron microscope(TEM). The in vivo density,morphology,and ultrastructure of CCE cells,corneal thickness,and eye pressure of cat eyes treated with 0.28g/L betaxolol were investigated by specular microscopy,applanation tonometer,alizarin red staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and TEM. · RESULTS: Exposure to betaxolol at doses from 0.0875g/L to 2.8g/L induced morphological and ultrastructural changes of in vitro cultured HCE cells such as cytoplasmic vacuolation,cellular shrinkage,structural disorganization,chromatin condensation,and apoptotic body appearance. Simultaneously,betaxolol elevated plasma membrane permeability and induced DNA fragmentation of these cells in a dose-dependent manner in AO/EB staining. Furthermore,betaxolol at adose of 2.8g/L also induced decrease of density of CCE cells in vivo,and non-hexagonal and shrunk apoptotic cells were also found in betaxolol-treated cat corneal endothelia. ·CONCLUSION: Betaxolol has significant cytotoxicity on HCE cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis of these cells,and induced apoptosis of CCE cells in vivo as well. The findings help provide new insight into the apoptosis-inducing effect of anti-glaucoma drugs in eye clinic.展开更多
BACKGROUND Melanomas are malignant tumors that can occur in different body parts or tissues such as the skin,mucous membrane,uvea,and pia mater.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are key factors in the occurrence and develo...BACKGROUND Melanomas are malignant tumors that can occur in different body parts or tissues such as the skin,mucous membrane,uvea,and pia mater.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are key factors in the occurrence and development of many malignant tumors,and are involved in the prognosis of some patients.AIM To identify autophagy-related lncRNAs in melanoma that are crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of melanoma patients.METHODS We retrieved transcriptome expression profiles and clinical information of 470 melanoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.Then,we identified autophagy-related genes in the Human Autophagy Database.Using R,coexpression analysis of lncRNAs and autophagy-related genes was conducted to obtain autophagy-related lncRNAs and their expression levels.We also performed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk analyses on the obtained datasets,to systematically evaluate the prognostic value of autophagyrelated lncRNAs in melanoma.Fifteen autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified and an autophagy-related prognostic signature for melanoma was established.The Kaplan-Meier and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to calculate risk scores.Based on the risk scores,melanoma patients were randomly divided into high-and low-risk groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,dependent on time,was performed to assess the accuracy of the prognostic model.At the same time,we also downloaded the melanoma data sets GSE65904,GSE19234,and GSE78220 from the GENE EXPRESSION OMNIBUS database for model verification.Finally,we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis functional annotation,which showed that the low and the high-risk groups had different enriched pathways.RESULTS The co-expression network for autophagy-related genes was constructed using R,and 936 lncRNAs related to autophagy were identified.Then,52 autophagy-related lncRNAs were significantly associated with TCGA melanoma patients’survival by univariate Cox proportional risk analysis(P<0.01).Further,the 52 autophagy-related lncRNAs mentioned above were analyzed by multivariate Cox analysis with R.Fifteen lncRNAs were selected:LINC01943,AC090948.3,USP30-AS1,AC068282.1,AC004687.1,AL133371.2,AC242842.1,PCED1B-AS1,HLADQB1-AS1,AC011374.2,LINC00324,AC018553.1,LINC00520,DBH-AS1,and ITGB2-AS1.The P values in all survival analyses using these 15 lncRNAs were<0.05.These lncRNAs were used to build a risk model based on the risk score.Negative correlations were observed between risk scores and overall survival rate in melanoma patients over time.Additionally,the melanoma risk curve and scatter plot analyses showed that the death number increased along with the increase in the risk score.Overall,we identified and established a new prognostic risk model for melanoma using 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs.The risk model constructed with these lncRNAs can help and guide melanoma patient prognosis predictions and individualized treatments in the future.CONCLUSION Overall,the risk model developed based on the 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs can have important prognostic value and may provide autophagy-related clinical targets for melanoma treatment.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)deposition regime of insulating lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S)is a major obstacle to achieve high reversible capacity in the conventional glyme-based lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it leads to rapid los...Two-dimensional(2D)deposition regime of insulating lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S)is a major obstacle to achieve high reversible capacity in the conventional glyme-based lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it leads to rapid loss of active electrode surface and low sulfur utilization.Achieving three-dimensional(3D)growth of Li_(2)S is therefore considered to be necessary,but the available strategies are mainly based on the electrolyte manipulations,which inevitably lead to added complexity of the electrode-electrolyte compatibility and,in particular,instability of the lithium anode.In this work,we have developed a heterogeneous polysulfide mediator composed of discrete Mo_(5)N_(6) anchored on graphene,which functions on the cathode side,to regulate the deposition mode of Li_(2)S.Mo_(5)N_(6) can efficiently boost the formation of Li_(2)S as demonstrated by a series of experimental and computational results.More importantly,the discrete distribution of Mo_(5)N_(6) nucleants on graphene postpones the merging of adjacent Li_(2)S nuclei to promote their isotropic growth.Thus,3D deposits of Li_(2)S is guided by the heterogeneous mediator.Benefiting from these unique superiorities,Li-S cells with high rate capability of 954 mAh g^(-1) at 2 C and long cycle life exceeding 1000 cycles are realized without advanced lithium anode protection.展开更多
Recently, the highly ordered J-aggregates of organic dyes with intriguing optical properties have received considerable attention in biomedical applications. Herein, binary metal ions Mn(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) are used to induce ...Recently, the highly ordered J-aggregates of organic dyes with intriguing optical properties have received considerable attention in biomedical applications. Herein, binary metal ions Mn(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) are used to induce the formation of indocyanine green(ICG) J-aggregates.Further, the sheet-like J-aggregates are able to act as "carriers" for loading hydrophobic chemotherapeutic gambogic acid(GA), realizing the effect of "killing two birds with one stone" for both treatment and delivery. The as-designed nanoassembly is formed spontaneously in aqueous environment via π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic force, exhibiting enhanced photostability of ICG and outstanding reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation ability. Moreover, significant inhibition of tumor growth by the synergetic effect of phototherapy and chemotherapy is verified in a subcutaneous4T1 tumors model. In conclusion, this work not only presents a facile and green approach to manufacture carrier-free nanodrugs, but also establishes a universal platform that has potential application in the co-delivery of near-infrared dye and hydrophobic molecules.展开更多
A fourth-order degenerate parabolic equation with a viscous term: ?is studied with the initial-boundary conditions ux=wx=0?on {-1,1}×(0,T), u(x,0)=u0(x)?in (-1,1). It can be taken as a thin film equation or a Cah...A fourth-order degenerate parabolic equation with a viscous term: ?is studied with the initial-boundary conditions ux=wx=0?on {-1,1}×(0,T), u(x,0)=u0(x)?in (-1,1). It can be taken as a thin film equation or a Cahn-Hilliard equation with a degenerate mobility. The entropy functional method is introduced to overcome the difficulties that arise from the degenerate mobility m(u)?and the viscosity term. The existence of nonnegative weak solution is obtained.展开更多
Deafness is the prevailing sensory impairment among humans,impacting every aspect of one's existence.Half of congenital deafness cases are attributed to genetic factors.Studies have shown that Luzp2 is expressed i...Deafness is the prevailing sensory impairment among humans,impacting every aspect of one's existence.Half of congenital deafness cases are attributed to genetic factors.Studies have shown that Luzp2 is expressed in hair cells(HCs)and supporting cells of the inner ear,but its specific role in hearing remains unclear.To determine the importance of Luzp2 in auditory function,we generated mice deficient in Luzp2.Our results revealed that Luzp2 has predominant expression within the HCs and pillar cells.However,the loss of Luzp2 did not result in any changes in auditory threshold.HCs or synapse number and HC stereocilia morphology in Luzp2 knockout mice did not show any notable distinctions.This was the first study of the role of Luzp2 in hearing in mice,and our results provide important guidance for the screening of deafness genes.展开更多
GJB2 gene mutations are the most common causes of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hereditary deafness.For individuals suffering from severe to profound GJB2-related deafness,cochlear implants have emerged as the sol...GJB2 gene mutations are the most common causes of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hereditary deafness.For individuals suffering from severe to profound GJB2-related deafness,cochlear implants have emerged as the sole remedy for auditory improvement.Some previous studies have highlighted the crucial role of preserving cochlear neural components in achieving favorable outcomes after cochlear implantation.Thus,we generated a conditional knockout mouse model(Cx26-CKO)in which Cx26 was completely deleted in the cochlear supporting cells driven by the Sox2 promoter.The Cx26-CKO mice showed severe hearing loss and massive loss of hair cells and Deiter’s cells,which represented the extreme form of human deafness caused by GJB2 gene mutations.In addition,multiple pathological changes in the peripheral auditory nervous system were found,including abnormal innervation,demyelination,and degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons as well as disruption of heminodes in Cx26-CKO mice.These findings provide invaluable insights into the deafness mechanism and the treatment for severe deafness in Cx26-null mice.展开更多
The Chinese government is deepening reformation of electricity prices during the 14th Five Year Plan period and has set a carbon emission reduction target of reaching carbon peak before 2030.In this context,will the c...The Chinese government is deepening reformation of electricity prices during the 14th Five Year Plan period and has set a carbon emission reduction target of reaching carbon peak before 2030.In this context,will the carbon emission target influence electricity pricing and will electricity price influence competitiveness of Chinese main industries are two questions needing to be answered.This paper compares China's electricity price level with the selected major countries in the world,and four typical industries are selected to evaluate their electricity burden respectively.Then,the correlation between residential electricity price and industrial electricity price and the influencing factors is analyzed,from the perspectives of scale,structure and technology.According to the model obtained by regression analysis,the electricity price level and corresponding residential and industrial electricity burden in 2025 and 2030 are forecasted.Index Terms-Electricity burden,industrial electricity price,regression analysis,residential electricity price.展开更多
Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair ce...Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair cell function.ANSD represents up to 15%of individuals with hearing impairments.Through mutation screening,bioinformatic analysis and expression studies,we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)mitochondria-associated 1(AIFM1)variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases.Here,to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant,we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system and constructed AIF-wild type(WT)and AIF-mutant(mut)(p.T260A,p.R422W,and p.R451Q)stable transfection cell lines.We then analyzed AIF structure,coenzyme-binding affinity,apoptosis,and other aspects.Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization,compromising AIF function.The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT.The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5%-49.7%of that of AIF-WT cells,resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis.The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3%-17.9%,which was significantly higher than that(6.9%-7.4%)in controls.However,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells.Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD,and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment.Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.展开更多
The United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)to address societal,economic and environmental sustainability issues.The efficiency of SDGs monitoring could be improved by essential variables(EVs),whi...The United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)to address societal,economic and environmental sustainability issues.The efficiency of SDGs monitoring could be improved by essential variables(EVs),which can help to better deal with massive data,interdisciplinary knowledge and workloads.However,in practice,effectively combining EVs with SDGs monitoring remains challenging.In this paper,we proposed a refining method of essential SDGs variables(ESDGVs)to land degradation.Firstly,we selected northwest China as our experimental region and extracted a group of variables related to land degradation from SDG indicators based on the DPSIR framework.Next,we identify the essential ones using a combined qualitative and quantitative methods with the criteria of feasibility,spatialization,and relevance which considered the issues of data acquisition,monitoring scale,and closeness to the land degradation.Finally,we analysed the monitoring role of ESDGVs.Results show that,compared to conventional observations,ESDGVs facilitate the monitoring and evaluation of regional SDGs with reduced efforts.And both climate and human activities have a facilitating or inhibiting effect on land degradation processes.In the future,we hope to have more mature data sets and consider adding more SDG indicators for ESDGVs’refinement.展开更多
Hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas(HCNG)has great potential for renewable energy and hydrogen utilization.However,injecting hydrogen into the natural gas network will change original fluid dynamics and complicat...Hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas(HCNG)has great potential for renewable energy and hydrogen utilization.However,injecting hydrogen into the natural gas network will change original fluid dynamics and complicate compressed gas's physical properties,threatening operational safety of the electricity-HCNG-integrated energy system(E-HCNG-IES).To resolve such problem,this paper investigates effect of HCNG on gas network dynamics and presents an improved HCNG network model,which embodies the influence of blending hydrogen on the pressure drop equation and line pack equation.In addition,an optimal dispatch model for the E-HCNG-IES,considering the“production-storage-blending-transportation-utilization”link of the HCNG supply chain,is also proposed.The dispatch model is converted into a mixed-integer second-order conic programming(MISOCP)problem using the second-order cone(SOC)relaxation and piecewise linearization techniques.An iterative algorithm is proposed based on the convex-concave procedure and bound-tightening method to obtain a tight solution.Finally,the proposed methodology is evaluated through two E-HCNGIES numerical testbeds with different hydrogen volume fractions.Detailed operation analysis reveals that E-HCNG-IES can benefit from economic and environmental improvement with increased hydrogen volume fraction,despite declining energy delivery capacityand line pack flexibility.展开更多
This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"Absence of Serpinb6a causes progressive hair cell apoptosis and hearing loss in mice"by Cheng et al.(2023).In the author list,the author"Cheng Cheng...This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"Absence of Serpinb6a causes progressive hair cell apoptosis and hearing loss in mice"by Cheng et al.(2023).In the author list,the author"Cheng Cheng"should be corrected into"Cheng Cheng".展开更多
Hearing impairment constitutes a global public health problem with severe social,political,and economic consequences,and the World Health Organization estimates that about 466 million individuals globally have some de...Hearing impairment constitutes a global public health problem with severe social,political,and economic consequences,and the World Health Organization estimates that about 466 million individuals globally have some degree of hearing loss.Genetic factors account for about half of all deafness cases.Currently,more than 100 genes are known to be involved in hearing loss,but the underlying molecular mechanisms behind these deafness genes have not been fully characterized.The main clinical treatment for deafness is hearing aids and cochlear implants,but their efficacy depends heavily on the quantity and quality of residual hair cells(HCs)and spiral ganglion neurons and has only limited auditory effects.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51971251)。
文摘Porous intermetallics show potential in the field of filtration and separation as well as in the field of catalysis.Herein,porous Ti Fe2intermetallics were fabricated by the reactive synthesis of elemental powders.The phase transformation and pore formation of porous TiFe2intermetallics were investigated,and its corrosion behavior and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance in alkali solution were studied.Porous TiFe2intermetallics with porosity in the range of 34.4%-56.4%were synthesized by the diffusion reaction of Ti and Fe elements,and the pore formation of porous TiFe2intermetallic compound is the result of a combination of the bridging effect and the Kirkendall effect.The porous TiFe2samples exhibit better corrosion resistance compared with porous 316L stainless steel,which is related to the formation of uniform nanosheets on the surface that hinder further corrosion,and porous TiFe2electrode shows the overpotential of 220.6 and 295.6 mV at 10 and 100 mA·cm-2,suggesting a good catalytic performance.The synthesized porous Fe-based intermetallic has a controllable pore structure as well as excellent corrosion resistance,showing its potential in the field of filtration and separation.
基金supported by the fund from Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(LY17C200017)。
文摘Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing immunity.It is also effective in protecting the digestive system and preventing neurodegenerative diseases.In this review paper,we summarize the sources,structures and efficacies of the main active components in H.erinaceus fruiting body,mycelium,and culture media,and update the latest research progress on their biological activities and the related molecular mechanisms.Based on this information,we provide detailed challenges in current research,industrialization and information on the active ingredients of H.erinaceus.Perspectives for future studies and new applications of H.erinaceus are proposed.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078078)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2020B008)the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.2019DX13).
文摘Precisely regulating of the surface structure of crystalline materials to improve their catalytic activity for lithium polysulfides is urgently needed for high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,high-index faceted iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))nanocrystals anchored on reduced graphene oxide are developed as highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts,effectively improving the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.The theoretical and experimental results all indicate that high-index Fe_(2)O_(3)crystal facets with abundant unsaturated coordinated Fe sites not only have strong adsorption capacity to anchor polysulfides but also have high catalytic activity to facilitate the redox transformation of polysulfides and reduce the decomposition energy barrier of Li_(2)S.The Li-S batteries with these bifunctional electrocatalysts exhibit high initial capacity of 1521 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C and excellent cycling performance with a low capacity fading of 0.025%per cycle during 1600 cycles at 2 C.Even with a high sulfur loading of 9.41 mg cm^(-2),a remarkable areal capacity of 7.61 mAh cm^(-2)was maintained after 85 cycles.This work provides a new strategy to improve the catalytic activity of nanocrystals through the crystal facet engineering,deepening the comprehending of facet-dependent activity of catalysts in Li-S chemistry,affording a novel perspective for the design of advanced sulfur electrodes.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program("863"Program)of China(No.2006AA02A132)
文摘AIM: To demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of betaxolol and its underlying mechanism on human corneal endothelial cells(HCE cells) in vitro and cat corneal endothelial cells(CCE cells) in vivo,providing experimental basis for safety anti-glaucoma drug usage in clinic of ophthalmology. ·METHODS: In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore whether and how betaxolol participates in corneal endothelial cell injury. The in vitro morphology,growth status,plasma membrane permeability,DNA fragmentation,and ultrastructure of HCE cells treated with 0.021875-0.28g/L betaxolol were examined by light microscope,3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide(MTT) assay,acridine orange(AO)/ethidium bromide(EB) double-fluorescent staining,DNA agarose gel electrophoresis,and transmission electron microscope(TEM). The in vivo density,morphology,and ultrastructure of CCE cells,corneal thickness,and eye pressure of cat eyes treated with 0.28g/L betaxolol were investigated by specular microscopy,applanation tonometer,alizarin red staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and TEM. · RESULTS: Exposure to betaxolol at doses from 0.0875g/L to 2.8g/L induced morphological and ultrastructural changes of in vitro cultured HCE cells such as cytoplasmic vacuolation,cellular shrinkage,structural disorganization,chromatin condensation,and apoptotic body appearance. Simultaneously,betaxolol elevated plasma membrane permeability and induced DNA fragmentation of these cells in a dose-dependent manner in AO/EB staining. Furthermore,betaxolol at adose of 2.8g/L also induced decrease of density of CCE cells in vivo,and non-hexagonal and shrunk apoptotic cells were also found in betaxolol-treated cat corneal endothelia. ·CONCLUSION: Betaxolol has significant cytotoxicity on HCE cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis of these cells,and induced apoptosis of CCE cells in vivo as well. The findings help provide new insight into the apoptosis-inducing effect of anti-glaucoma drugs in eye clinic.
文摘BACKGROUND Melanomas are malignant tumors that can occur in different body parts or tissues such as the skin,mucous membrane,uvea,and pia mater.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are key factors in the occurrence and development of many malignant tumors,and are involved in the prognosis of some patients.AIM To identify autophagy-related lncRNAs in melanoma that are crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of melanoma patients.METHODS We retrieved transcriptome expression profiles and clinical information of 470 melanoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.Then,we identified autophagy-related genes in the Human Autophagy Database.Using R,coexpression analysis of lncRNAs and autophagy-related genes was conducted to obtain autophagy-related lncRNAs and their expression levels.We also performed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk analyses on the obtained datasets,to systematically evaluate the prognostic value of autophagyrelated lncRNAs in melanoma.Fifteen autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified and an autophagy-related prognostic signature for melanoma was established.The Kaplan-Meier and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to calculate risk scores.Based on the risk scores,melanoma patients were randomly divided into high-and low-risk groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,dependent on time,was performed to assess the accuracy of the prognostic model.At the same time,we also downloaded the melanoma data sets GSE65904,GSE19234,and GSE78220 from the GENE EXPRESSION OMNIBUS database for model verification.Finally,we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis functional annotation,which showed that the low and the high-risk groups had different enriched pathways.RESULTS The co-expression network for autophagy-related genes was constructed using R,and 936 lncRNAs related to autophagy were identified.Then,52 autophagy-related lncRNAs were significantly associated with TCGA melanoma patients’survival by univariate Cox proportional risk analysis(P<0.01).Further,the 52 autophagy-related lncRNAs mentioned above were analyzed by multivariate Cox analysis with R.Fifteen lncRNAs were selected:LINC01943,AC090948.3,USP30-AS1,AC068282.1,AC004687.1,AL133371.2,AC242842.1,PCED1B-AS1,HLADQB1-AS1,AC011374.2,LINC00324,AC018553.1,LINC00520,DBH-AS1,and ITGB2-AS1.The P values in all survival analyses using these 15 lncRNAs were<0.05.These lncRNAs were used to build a risk model based on the risk score.Negative correlations were observed between risk scores and overall survival rate in melanoma patients over time.Additionally,the melanoma risk curve and scatter plot analyses showed that the death number increased along with the increase in the risk score.Overall,we identified and established a new prognostic risk model for melanoma using 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs.The risk model constructed with these lncRNAs can help and guide melanoma patient prognosis predictions and individualized treatments in the future.CONCLUSION Overall,the risk model developed based on the 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs can have important prognostic value and may provide autophagy-related clinical targets for melanoma treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078078).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)deposition regime of insulating lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S)is a major obstacle to achieve high reversible capacity in the conventional glyme-based lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it leads to rapid loss of active electrode surface and low sulfur utilization.Achieving three-dimensional(3D)growth of Li_(2)S is therefore considered to be necessary,but the available strategies are mainly based on the electrolyte manipulations,which inevitably lead to added complexity of the electrode-electrolyte compatibility and,in particular,instability of the lithium anode.In this work,we have developed a heterogeneous polysulfide mediator composed of discrete Mo_(5)N_(6) anchored on graphene,which functions on the cathode side,to regulate the deposition mode of Li_(2)S.Mo_(5)N_(6) can efficiently boost the formation of Li_(2)S as demonstrated by a series of experimental and computational results.More importantly,the discrete distribution of Mo_(5)N_(6) nucleants on graphene postpones the merging of adjacent Li_(2)S nuclei to promote their isotropic growth.Thus,3D deposits of Li_(2)S is guided by the heterogeneous mediator.Benefiting from these unique superiorities,Li-S cells with high rate capability of 954 mAh g^(-1) at 2 C and long cycle life exceeding 1000 cycles are realized without advanced lithium anode protection.
基金supported by the “333 Project Talent Training Fund of Jiangsu Province (BRA2017432)the Project of Double-top Class Innovation Team (CPU2018GY14)+1 种基金the Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University (JKGQ201107)the Open Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals (JKLDBKF201702)
文摘Recently, the highly ordered J-aggregates of organic dyes with intriguing optical properties have received considerable attention in biomedical applications. Herein, binary metal ions Mn(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) are used to induce the formation of indocyanine green(ICG) J-aggregates.Further, the sheet-like J-aggregates are able to act as "carriers" for loading hydrophobic chemotherapeutic gambogic acid(GA), realizing the effect of "killing two birds with one stone" for both treatment and delivery. The as-designed nanoassembly is formed spontaneously in aqueous environment via π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic force, exhibiting enhanced photostability of ICG and outstanding reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation ability. Moreover, significant inhibition of tumor growth by the synergetic effect of phototherapy and chemotherapy is verified in a subcutaneous4T1 tumors model. In conclusion, this work not only presents a facile and green approach to manufacture carrier-free nanodrugs, but also establishes a universal platform that has potential application in the co-delivery of near-infrared dye and hydrophobic molecules.
文摘A fourth-order degenerate parabolic equation with a viscous term: ?is studied with the initial-boundary conditions ux=wx=0?on {-1,1}×(0,T), u(x,0)=u0(x)?in (-1,1). It can be taken as a thin film equation or a Cahn-Hilliard equation with a degenerate mobility. The entropy functional method is introduced to overcome the difficulties that arise from the degenerate mobility m(u)?and the viscosity term. The existence of nonnegative weak solution is obtained.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81970884,81900941,81970885,82371157,82171145,82271173,and 81771019)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20190121 and BK20200133)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M681555)a Distinguished Young Scholarship supported by the Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation,Nanjing Department of Health (JQX20003).
文摘Deafness is the prevailing sensory impairment among humans,impacting every aspect of one's existence.Half of congenital deafness cases are attributed to genetic factors.Studies have shown that Luzp2 is expressed in hair cells(HCs)and supporting cells of the inner ear,but its specific role in hearing remains unclear.To determine the importance of Luzp2 in auditory function,we generated mice deficient in Luzp2.Our results revealed that Luzp2 has predominant expression within the HCs and pillar cells.However,the loss of Luzp2 did not result in any changes in auditory threshold.HCs or synapse number and HC stereocilia morphology in Luzp2 knockout mice did not show any notable distinctions.This was the first study of the role of Luzp2 in hearing in mice,and our results provide important guidance for the screening of deafness genes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0702303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82301324,82301323,and 82071058).
文摘GJB2 gene mutations are the most common causes of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hereditary deafness.For individuals suffering from severe to profound GJB2-related deafness,cochlear implants have emerged as the sole remedy for auditory improvement.Some previous studies have highlighted the crucial role of preserving cochlear neural components in achieving favorable outcomes after cochlear implantation.Thus,we generated a conditional knockout mouse model(Cx26-CKO)in which Cx26 was completely deleted in the cochlear supporting cells driven by the Sox2 promoter.The Cx26-CKO mice showed severe hearing loss and massive loss of hair cells and Deiter’s cells,which represented the extreme form of human deafness caused by GJB2 gene mutations.In addition,multiple pathological changes in the peripheral auditory nervous system were found,including abnormal innervation,demyelination,and degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons as well as disruption of heminodes in Cx26-CKO mice.These findings provide invaluable insights into the deafness mechanism and the treatment for severe deafness in Cx26-null mice.
文摘The Chinese government is deepening reformation of electricity prices during the 14th Five Year Plan period and has set a carbon emission reduction target of reaching carbon peak before 2030.In this context,will the carbon emission target influence electricity pricing and will electricity price influence competitiveness of Chinese main industries are two questions needing to be answered.This paper compares China's electricity price level with the selected major countries in the world,and four typical industries are selected to evaluate their electricity burden respectively.Then,the correlation between residential electricity price and industrial electricity price and the influencing factors is analyzed,from the perspectives of scale,structure and technology.According to the model obtained by regression analysis,the electricity price level and corresponding residential and industrial electricity burden in 2025 and 2030 are forecasted.Index Terms-Electricity burden,industrial electricity price,regression analysis,residential electricity price.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32070584,81830028,31771398,82222016,and 8207040100)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ19C060001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019QNA6001)。
文摘Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair cell function.ANSD represents up to 15%of individuals with hearing impairments.Through mutation screening,bioinformatic analysis and expression studies,we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)mitochondria-associated 1(AIFM1)variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases.Here,to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant,we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system and constructed AIF-wild type(WT)and AIF-mutant(mut)(p.T260A,p.R422W,and p.R451Q)stable transfection cell lines.We then analyzed AIF structure,coenzyme-binding affinity,apoptosis,and other aspects.Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization,compromising AIF function.The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT.The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5%-49.7%of that of AIF-WT cells,resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis.The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3%-17.9%,which was significantly higher than that(6.9%-7.4%)in controls.However,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells.Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD,and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment.Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.
基金supported by the key program of National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41930650].
文摘The United Nations adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)to address societal,economic and environmental sustainability issues.The efficiency of SDGs monitoring could be improved by essential variables(EVs),which can help to better deal with massive data,interdisciplinary knowledge and workloads.However,in practice,effectively combining EVs with SDGs monitoring remains challenging.In this paper,we proposed a refining method of essential SDGs variables(ESDGVs)to land degradation.Firstly,we selected northwest China as our experimental region and extracted a group of variables related to land degradation from SDG indicators based on the DPSIR framework.Next,we identify the essential ones using a combined qualitative and quantitative methods with the criteria of feasibility,spatialization,and relevance which considered the issues of data acquisition,monitoring scale,and closeness to the land degradation.Finally,we analysed the monitoring role of ESDGVs.Results show that,compared to conventional observations,ESDGVs facilitate the monitoring and evaluation of regional SDGs with reduced efforts.And both climate and human activities have a facilitating or inhibiting effect on land degradation processes.In the future,we hope to have more mature data sets and consider adding more SDG indicators for ESDGVs’refinement.
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(No.5100-202119574A-0-5-SF)。
文摘Hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas(HCNG)has great potential for renewable energy and hydrogen utilization.However,injecting hydrogen into the natural gas network will change original fluid dynamics and complicate compressed gas's physical properties,threatening operational safety of the electricity-HCNG-integrated energy system(E-HCNG-IES).To resolve such problem,this paper investigates effect of HCNG on gas network dynamics and presents an improved HCNG network model,which embodies the influence of blending hydrogen on the pressure drop equation and line pack equation.In addition,an optimal dispatch model for the E-HCNG-IES,considering the“production-storage-blending-transportation-utilization”link of the HCNG supply chain,is also proposed.The dispatch model is converted into a mixed-integer second-order conic programming(MISOCP)problem using the second-order cone(SOC)relaxation and piecewise linearization techniques.An iterative algorithm is proposed based on the convex-concave procedure and bound-tightening method to obtain a tight solution.Finally,the proposed methodology is evaluated through two E-HCNGIES numerical testbeds with different hydrogen volume fractions.Detailed operation analysis reveals that E-HCNG-IES can benefit from economic and environmental improvement with increased hydrogen volume fraction,despite declining energy delivery capacityand line pack flexibility.
文摘This corrigendum clarifies information in the article"Absence of Serpinb6a causes progressive hair cell apoptosis and hearing loss in mice"by Cheng et al.(2023).In the author list,the author"Cheng Cheng"should be corrected into"Cheng Cheng".
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0105201,2021YFA1101300,2020YFA0112503)the Strategic Priority Research Programof the Chinese Academy of Science(XDA16010303)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030029,81970882,81900941,82171144,82192862,81970884,81771019)the Natural Science Foundation from Jiangsu Province(BE2019711,BK20190121)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681555)theOutstanding Youth ProgramofNanjing Municipal Health Commission(JQX20003)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021YFS0371)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20190814093401920,JCYJ20210324125608022)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering,Fudan University(SKLGE-2109).
文摘Hearing impairment constitutes a global public health problem with severe social,political,and economic consequences,and the World Health Organization estimates that about 466 million individuals globally have some degree of hearing loss.Genetic factors account for about half of all deafness cases.Currently,more than 100 genes are known to be involved in hearing loss,but the underlying molecular mechanisms behind these deafness genes have not been fully characterized.The main clinical treatment for deafness is hearing aids and cochlear implants,but their efficacy depends heavily on the quantity and quality of residual hair cells(HCs)and spiral ganglion neurons and has only limited auditory effects.
