Abscisic acid(ABA)is involved in regulating diverse biological processes,but its signal transduction genes and roles in hemp seed germination are not well known.Here,the ABA signaling pathway members,PYL,PP2C and SnRK...Abscisic acid(ABA)is involved in regulating diverse biological processes,but its signal transduction genes and roles in hemp seed germination are not well known.Here,the ABA signaling pathway members,PYL,PP2C and SnRK2 gene families,were identified from the hemp reference genome,including 7 CsPYL(pyrab-actin resistance1-like,ABA receptor),8 CsPP2CA(group A protein phosphatase 2c),and 7 CsSnRK2(sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase 2).The content of ABA in hemp seeds in germination stage is lower than that in non-germination stage.Exogenous ABA(1 or 10μM)treatment had a significant regulatory effect on the selected PYL,PP2C,SnRK2 gene families.CsAHG3 and CsHAI1 were most significantly affected by exogenous ABA treatment.Yeast two-hybrid experiments were performed to reveal that CsPYL5,CsSnRK2.2,and CsSnRK2.3 could interact with CsPP2CA7 and demonstrate that this interaction was ABA-independent.Our results indicated that CsPYL5,CsSnRK2.2,CsSnRK2.3 and CsPP2CA7 might involve in the ABA signaling transduction pathway of hemp seeds during the hemp seed germination stages.This study suggested that novel genetic views can be brought into investigation of ABA signaling pathway in hemp seeds and lay the foundation for further exploration of the mechanism of hemp seed germination.展开更多
Siberian Pine （Pinus sibirica） is an ecologically and eco-nomically important species in pristine forests throughout northern Rus-sia. Four provenances of P. sibirica were introduced from Mongolia and Russia to the ...Siberian Pine （Pinus sibirica） is an ecologically and eco-nomically important species in pristine forests throughout northern Rus-sia. Four provenances of P. sibirica were introduced from Mongolia and Russia to the Greater Xing’an Range （the Daxing’anling）, northeast China in 1993. The aim of this research was to study genetic variation and selection of the introduced four Pinus sibirica provenances. Heights （H）, basal diameters （BD）, survival rates （SR） and crown lengths （CL） of different families were measured as primary outcomes in different growth years. Results of data analyses demonstrated high coefficients of phenotypic variation （PCV） and heritability （H2） for H, BD and CL at 18 years after introduction. PCV and H2 increased with age. Correlations of＆amp;nbsp;growth traits between any two growth years were all significantly positive, but the correlation coefficient was smaller when the growth year interval was larger. Correlations between H and the original environment factors decreased gradually, indicating that with long-term subsistence in the new environment, the influence of the source environment declined. Colligation of multiple traits to estimate provenances showed that Novosibirsk, Tomsk, and Altai Mountains had higher survival rates and biomass, and proved more suitable for introduction and plantation in the Greater Xing’an Range in China.展开更多
硒化锑(Sb_(2)Se_(3))属于窄带隙半导体材料,具有良好的光吸收特性,已逐渐应用于光电催化领域.独特的一维(Sb_(4)Se_(6))_(n)带状结构单元连接方式,使其载流子传输具有高度各向异性.本文通过气相输运沉积法和原位水热法成功构建了还原...硒化锑(Sb_(2)Se_(3))属于窄带隙半导体材料,具有良好的光吸收特性,已逐渐应用于光电催化领域.独特的一维(Sb_(4)Se_(6))_(n)带状结构单元连接方式,使其载流子传输具有高度各向异性.本文通过气相输运沉积法和原位水热法成功构建了还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)修饰的准一维Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)光陷阱异质结.研究结果表明,在rGO空间限域效应下,原位生长的非层状In_(2)S_(3)纳米片厚度从30 nm减小到10 nm,显著增加了光电极的电化学活性比表面积,进一步增强了光陷阱纳米结构对光的捕获能力.rGO和超薄In_(2)S_(3)纳米片共同修饰的准一维毛刷状Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)-rGO纳米棒光电极在0 V(相对于可逆氢电极)的外加偏压下,光电流密度可达1.169 m A cm^(-2),约是Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)和单体Sb_(2)Se_(3)的2倍和16倍,且稳定性良好,在中性条件下平均产氢速率为16.59μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1).实验结果和理论计算均表明,Ⅱ型异质结电荷传输方式是其光电化学增强的物理机制.以上工作为设计基于rGO修饰的复合光电极用于光电化学领域的研究提供了崭新的思路.展开更多
A heavy dust episode occurred from May 3 to 8,2017 in China,with an influenced area exceeding 1.63 million km2.In this work,the mixing state of aerosols and their spectral distributions were simultaneously observed in...A heavy dust episode occurred from May 3 to 8,2017 in China,with an influenced area exceeding 1.63 million km2.In this work,the mixing state of aerosols and their spectral distributions were simultaneously observed in the sand source region ofHohhot and the long-range dust transport regi on of Nanji ng by using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS).The duration time of this dust episode was 37-40 h in Hohhot and prolonged to 51-104 h in Nanjing.Totals of 336,135(Hohhot)and 235,840(Nanjing)particles in PM2.5 were successfully ionized to identify 10 main particle classes.During this episode,aerosol particles including OCEC(30.65%),K(22.42%),K-CN(17.03%),sodium(9.46%),heavy metal(8.96%),EC-sulfate(3.46%)and Al(3.22%)were prevailing in Hohhot and were dominated by EC-sulfate(22.26%),OCEC(15.21%),heavy metal(11.96%),K(13.68%),sodium(12.27%),Al(10.54%)and EC(9.02%)in Nanjing.The spectral distribution peaked at 0.66μm during the dust episode in Nanjing,0.12μm larger than the peak size in the non-dust episode.Strong signals at-62[NO3)and-61[HCO3]/-61[C5H]for aerosol particles were observed in Hohhot and Nanjing respectively.The proportions of K-CN,sodium,heavy mental,OCEC and EC-sulfate particles in the dust episode of Hohhot were 2.75,1.41,1.80,1.22 and 1.28 times as large as the values in the non-dust episode.For Nanjing,the fractions of EC-sulfate,EC,Al particles in the dust episode were 10.55,4.65 and 1.46 times higher than values in the non-dust episode.The proportions of EC-secondary and EC-nitate particles were found to decrease in the dust episode in the two regions.展开更多
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ13-YQ049)the Scientific Research Project of Hainan Academician Innovation Platform(SQ2021PTZ0052)the National Key R&D Program of China from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2019YFC1711100).
文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is involved in regulating diverse biological processes,but its signal transduction genes and roles in hemp seed germination are not well known.Here,the ABA signaling pathway members,PYL,PP2C and SnRK2 gene families,were identified from the hemp reference genome,including 7 CsPYL(pyrab-actin resistance1-like,ABA receptor),8 CsPP2CA(group A protein phosphatase 2c),and 7 CsSnRK2(sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase 2).The content of ABA in hemp seeds in germination stage is lower than that in non-germination stage.Exogenous ABA(1 or 10μM)treatment had a significant regulatory effect on the selected PYL,PP2C,SnRK2 gene families.CsAHG3 and CsHAI1 were most significantly affected by exogenous ABA treatment.Yeast two-hybrid experiments were performed to reveal that CsPYL5,CsSnRK2.2,and CsSnRK2.3 could interact with CsPP2CA7 and demonstrate that this interaction was ABA-independent.Our results indicated that CsPYL5,CsSnRK2.2,CsSnRK2.3 and CsPP2CA7 might involve in the ABA signaling transduction pathway of hemp seeds during the hemp seed germination stages.This study suggested that novel genetic views can be brought into investigation of ABA signaling pathway in hemp seeds and lay the foundation for further exploration of the mechanism of hemp seed germination.
基金supported by grants Seedling Technology Rules of Siberia pine(No.2012-LY-183)
文摘Siberian Pine （Pinus sibirica） is an ecologically and eco-nomically important species in pristine forests throughout northern Rus-sia. Four provenances of P. sibirica were introduced from Mongolia and Russia to the Greater Xing’an Range （the Daxing’anling）, northeast China in 1993. The aim of this research was to study genetic variation and selection of the introduced four Pinus sibirica provenances. Heights （H）, basal diameters （BD）, survival rates （SR） and crown lengths （CL） of different families were measured as primary outcomes in different growth years. Results of data analyses demonstrated high coefficients of phenotypic variation （PCV） and heritability （H2） for H, BD and CL at 18 years after introduction. PCV and H2 increased with age. Correlations of＆amp;nbsp;growth traits between any two growth years were all significantly positive, but the correlation coefficient was smaller when the growth year interval was larger. Correlations between H and the original environment factors decreased gradually, indicating that with long-term subsistence in the new environment, the influence of the source environment declined. Colligation of multiple traits to estimate provenances showed that Novosibirsk, Tomsk, and Altai Mountains had higher survival rates and biomass, and proved more suitable for introduction and plantation in the Greater Xing’an Range in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974276,11804274,and 22078261)。
文摘硒化锑(Sb_(2)Se_(3))属于窄带隙半导体材料,具有良好的光吸收特性,已逐渐应用于光电催化领域.独特的一维(Sb_(4)Se_(6))_(n)带状结构单元连接方式,使其载流子传输具有高度各向异性.本文通过气相输运沉积法和原位水热法成功构建了还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)修饰的准一维Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)光陷阱异质结.研究结果表明,在rGO空间限域效应下,原位生长的非层状In_(2)S_(3)纳米片厚度从30 nm减小到10 nm,显著增加了光电极的电化学活性比表面积,进一步增强了光陷阱纳米结构对光的捕获能力.rGO和超薄In_(2)S_(3)纳米片共同修饰的准一维毛刷状Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)-rGO纳米棒光电极在0 V(相对于可逆氢电极)的外加偏压下,光电流密度可达1.169 m A cm^(-2),约是Sb_(2)Se_(3)@In_(2)S_(3)和单体Sb_(2)Se_(3)的2倍和16倍,且稳定性良好,在中性条件下平均产氢速率为16.59μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1).实验结果和理论计算均表明,Ⅱ型异质结电荷传输方式是其光电化学增强的物理机制.以上工作为设计基于rGO修饰的复合光电极用于光电化学领域的研究提供了崭新的思路.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0602003)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFC0210000)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41805096 and 41830965)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20180801)the Natural Science Research Project for Universities of Jiangsu Province,China(18KJB170011)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M640169).
文摘A heavy dust episode occurred from May 3 to 8,2017 in China,with an influenced area exceeding 1.63 million km2.In this work,the mixing state of aerosols and their spectral distributions were simultaneously observed in the sand source region ofHohhot and the long-range dust transport regi on of Nanji ng by using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS).The duration time of this dust episode was 37-40 h in Hohhot and prolonged to 51-104 h in Nanjing.Totals of 336,135(Hohhot)and 235,840(Nanjing)particles in PM2.5 were successfully ionized to identify 10 main particle classes.During this episode,aerosol particles including OCEC(30.65%),K(22.42%),K-CN(17.03%),sodium(9.46%),heavy metal(8.96%),EC-sulfate(3.46%)and Al(3.22%)were prevailing in Hohhot and were dominated by EC-sulfate(22.26%),OCEC(15.21%),heavy metal(11.96%),K(13.68%),sodium(12.27%),Al(10.54%)and EC(9.02%)in Nanjing.The spectral distribution peaked at 0.66μm during the dust episode in Nanjing,0.12μm larger than the peak size in the non-dust episode.Strong signals at-62[NO3)and-61[HCO3]/-61[C5H]for aerosol particles were observed in Hohhot and Nanjing respectively.The proportions of K-CN,sodium,heavy mental,OCEC and EC-sulfate particles in the dust episode of Hohhot were 2.75,1.41,1.80,1.22 and 1.28 times as large as the values in the non-dust episode.For Nanjing,the fractions of EC-sulfate,EC,Al particles in the dust episode were 10.55,4.65 and 1.46 times higher than values in the non-dust episode.The proportions of EC-secondary and EC-nitate particles were found to decrease in the dust episode in the two regions.
