Objective: The management of early-stage(cT1/2N0) oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) remains a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of neck observation(OBS) and elective neck...Objective: The management of early-stage(cT1/2N0) oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) remains a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of neck observation(OBS) and elective neck dissection(END) in treating patients with cT1/2N0 OSCC.Methods: A total of 232 patients with cT1/2N0 OSCC were included in this retrospective study. Of these patients, 181 were treated with END and 51 with OBS. The survival curves of 5-year overall survival(OS), diseasespecific survival(DSS), and recurrence-free survival(RFS) rates were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method for each group, and compared using the Log-rank test.Results: There was no significant difference in 5-year OS and DSS rates between END and OBS groups(OS:89.0% vs. 88.2%, P=0.906; DSS: 92.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.998). However, the END group had a higher 5-year RFS rate than the OBS group(90.1% vs. 76.5%, P=0.009). Patients with occult metastases in OBS group(7/51) had similar 5-year OS rate(57.1% vs. 64.1%, P=0.839) and DSS rate(71.4% vs. 74.4%, P=0.982) to those in END group(39/181). In the regional recurrence patients, the 5-year OS rate(57.1% vs. 11.1%, P=0.011) and DSS rate(71.4% vs. 22.2%, P=0.022) in OBS group(7/51) were higher than those in END group(9/181).Conclusions: The results indicated that OBS policy could obtain the same 5-year OS and DSS as END. Under close follow-up, OBS policy may be an available treatment option for patients with clinical T1/2N0 OSCC.展开更多
There is no efficient tracking system available for the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage.The dense matrix covering the cartilage surface is the main biological barrier that the therapeutic molecules must o...There is no efficient tracking system available for the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage.The dense matrix covering the cartilage surface is the main biological barrier that the therapeutic molecules must overcome.In this study,we aimed to establish a system that can dynamically and effectively track the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage.To this aim,we adopted bovine and human cartilage explants as ex vivo models for chondrocyte-targeted exosome dispersion.The efficiency of drug delivery was evaluated using frozen sections.The results of this study showed that the penetration and distribution of chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in cartilage explants can be tracked dynamically.Thus,ex vivo cartilage explants provide an effective and economic system to evaluate therapeutic drugs encapsulated in chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in preclinical studies.展开更多
Catalytic asymmetric aza-Michael represents one of the most convenient and atom-economical approaches for the rapid construction of biologically active chiralβ-amino acid frameworks.However,the direct enantioselectiv...Catalytic asymmetric aza-Michael represents one of the most convenient and atom-economical approaches for the rapid construction of biologically active chiralβ-amino acid frameworks.However,the direct enantioselective addition of nitrogen-based nucleophiles to intrinsically low reactivity ofα,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid,ester,and amide,as well as simpleα,β-unsaturated nitrile,remains a long-standing challenge.展开更多
p-Quinols are ubiquitous structural motifs of various natural products and pharmaceutical compounds,and versatile building blocks in synthetic chemistry.The reported methods for the synthesis of p-quinol require stoic...p-Quinols are ubiquitous structural motifs of various natural products and pharmaceutical compounds,and versatile building blocks in synthetic chemistry.The reported methods for the synthesis of p-quinol require stoichiometric amounts of oxidants.Molecular oxygen is considered as an ideal oxidant due to its natural,inexpensive,and environmentally friendly characteristics.During the ongoing research of C–H bond hydroxylation,we found that multi-alkyl phenols could react with molecular oxygen under mild conditions.Herein,we describe an efficient oxidative de-aromatization of multi-alkyl phenols to p-quinols.1 atm of molecular oxygen was used as the oxidant.Many multi-alkyl phenols could react smoothly at room temperature.Isotopic labeling experiment was also performed,and the result proved that the oxygen atom in the produced hydroxyl group is from molecular oxygen.展开更多
Direct methods that enable stereoselective functionalization of C(sp^3)–H bonds could facilitate efficient preparation of therapeutics and agrochemicals,and shall have a major effect on the discovery and development ...Direct methods that enable stereoselective functionalization of C(sp^3)–H bonds could facilitate efficient preparation of therapeutics and agrochemicals,and shall have a major effect on the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals.Although the transformations through C(sp^2)–H bond cleavage have been significantly developed in the past decades,the direct C(sp^3)–H functionalization,especially the asymmetric transformation is still a big challenge.Demon-展开更多
To the Editor:Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers(DCUs)are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic foot ulcers are the most common type of DCU and are now considered a global epidem...To the Editor:Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers(DCUs)are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic foot ulcers are the most common type of DCU and are now considered a global epidemic.[1]The clinical prevention and treatment of DCUs are critical and have remained challenging for clinicians.With the exploration of topical treatment methods,autologous platelet-rich gel(APG)is regarded as an adjuvant therapy to promote wound healing,and it has been widely used for wound repair.[2]Some microRNAs that play a critical role in the whole wound healing process have been found in wound tissues,which we call wound-related miRNAs(wr-miRNAs).However,few studies have explored the dynamic changes of wr-miRNAs during APG treatment.Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of APG in treating diabetic wounds and explore the dynamic changes of wr-miRNAs during wound healing.展开更多
of main observation and conclusion We have developed an efficient Pd-catalyzed directed C-H bromination protocol,in which dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)is employed as oxidant with hydrobromic add aqueous solution(HBr(aq))as...of main observation and conclusion We have developed an efficient Pd-catalyzed directed C-H bromination protocol,in which dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)is employed as oxidant with hydrobromic add aqueous solution(HBr(aq))as bromide source.The DMSO/HBr(aq)system,which is novelly and efficiently utilized in transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation,illustrates its practicability by the operational simplicity,inexpensive and readily available starting materials,and high bromide-atom economy.展开更多
The electrophilic fluorination of unsaturated compounds provides a reliable approach to the generation of organofluorides,which are used widely in agrochemicals,pharmaceuticals,and other materials.Numerous active elec...The electrophilic fluorination of unsaturated compounds provides a reliable approach to the generation of organofluorides,which are used widely in agrochemicals,pharmaceuticals,and other materials.Numerous active electrophilic fluorine reagents,such as the fluorine molecule(F_(2))or xenon difluoride(XeF_(2)),have been applied in fluorination.However,these reagents suffer from their hazardous,toxic,corrosive,and poor selective properties,and the relatively weak electrophilicity of Selectfluor or N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide(NFSI)usually limits their broad applications.Herein,we disclose nitromethane(MeNO_(2))as an efficient activator of Selectfluor and NFSI,as well as a stabilizer of carbocations.Therefore,the fluoro-azidation,fluoroamination,fluoroesterification of styrenes,and C–H fluorination of(hetero)arenes were well realized just by the facilitation of MeNO_(2).The mild reaction conditions and practicability made our current method a versatile protocol for accessing organofluorides.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81372884 and No. 81672679)5010 Project of Clinical Study, Sun Yat-sen University (No. 2010018)
文摘Objective: The management of early-stage(cT1/2N0) oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) remains a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of neck observation(OBS) and elective neck dissection(END) in treating patients with cT1/2N0 OSCC.Methods: A total of 232 patients with cT1/2N0 OSCC were included in this retrospective study. Of these patients, 181 were treated with END and 51 with OBS. The survival curves of 5-year overall survival(OS), diseasespecific survival(DSS), and recurrence-free survival(RFS) rates were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method for each group, and compared using the Log-rank test.Results: There was no significant difference in 5-year OS and DSS rates between END and OBS groups(OS:89.0% vs. 88.2%, P=0.906; DSS: 92.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.998). However, the END group had a higher 5-year RFS rate than the OBS group(90.1% vs. 76.5%, P=0.009). Patients with occult metastases in OBS group(7/51) had similar 5-year OS rate(57.1% vs. 64.1%, P=0.839) and DSS rate(71.4% vs. 74.4%, P=0.982) to those in END group(39/181). In the regional recurrence patients, the 5-year OS rate(57.1% vs. 11.1%, P=0.011) and DSS rate(71.4% vs. 22.2%, P=0.022) in OBS group(7/51) were higher than those in END group(9/181).Conclusions: The results indicated that OBS policy could obtain the same 5-year OS and DSS as END. Under close follow-up, OBS policy may be an available treatment option for patients with clinical T1/2N0 OSCC.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81972116,81972085,81772394,31900046)Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2018B0303110003)+3 种基金Guangdong International Cooperation Project(No.2021A0505030011)Shenzhen Science and Technology Projects(Nos.GJHZ20200731095606019,JCYJ20170817172023838,JCYJ20170306092215436,JCYJ20170413161649437)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M682907)Special Funds for the Construction of High Level Hospitals in Guangdong Province.
文摘There is no efficient tracking system available for the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage.The dense matrix covering the cartilage surface is the main biological barrier that the therapeutic molecules must overcome.In this study,we aimed to establish a system that can dynamically and effectively track the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage.To this aim,we adopted bovine and human cartilage explants as ex vivo models for chondrocyte-targeted exosome dispersion.The efficiency of drug delivery was evaluated using frozen sections.The results of this study showed that the penetration and distribution of chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in cartilage explants can be tracked dynamically.Thus,ex vivo cartilage explants provide an effective and economic system to evaluate therapeutic drugs encapsulated in chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in preclinical studies.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 11374377, 61575225, 11404414, 11074312 and 11474174）, and the Undergraduate Research Training Program of Minzu University of China （Nos. GCCX2016110009 and GCCX2016110010）.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.21672033,21801039,and 21831002)the Jilin Educational Committee(grant no.JJKH20190269KJ)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the Ten Thousand Talents Program for generous financial support.
文摘Catalytic asymmetric aza-Michael represents one of the most convenient and atom-economical approaches for the rapid construction of biologically active chiralβ-amino acid frameworks.However,the direct enantioselective addition of nitrogen-based nucleophiles to intrinsically low reactivity ofα,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid,ester,and amide,as well as simpleα,β-unsaturated nitrile,remains a long-standing challenge.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21325206,21172006)the Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals(XJDX0908-2013-2)
文摘p-Quinols are ubiquitous structural motifs of various natural products and pharmaceutical compounds,and versatile building blocks in synthetic chemistry.The reported methods for the synthesis of p-quinol require stoichiometric amounts of oxidants.Molecular oxygen is considered as an ideal oxidant due to its natural,inexpensive,and environmentally friendly characteristics.During the ongoing research of C–H bond hydroxylation,we found that multi-alkyl phenols could react with molecular oxygen under mild conditions.Herein,we describe an efficient oxidative de-aromatization of multi-alkyl phenols to p-quinols.1 atm of molecular oxygen was used as the oxidant.Many multi-alkyl phenols could react smoothly at room temperature.Isotopic labeling experiment was also performed,and the result proved that the oxygen atom in the produced hydroxyl group is from molecular oxygen.
文摘Direct methods that enable stereoselective functionalization of C(sp^3)–H bonds could facilitate efficient preparation of therapeutics and agrochemicals,and shall have a major effect on the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals.Although the transformations through C(sp^2)–H bond cleavage have been significantly developed in the past decades,the direct C(sp^3)–H functionalization,especially the asymmetric transformation is still a big challenge.Demon-
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81471043)Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(No.2021JDKP0044)+2 种基金National Major Science and Technology Projects of China(No.2017ZX09304023)West China Nursing Discipline Development Special Fund Project,Sichuan University(No.HXHL20005)1.3.5 Project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYGD18025).
文摘To the Editor:Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers(DCUs)are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic foot ulcers are the most common type of DCU and are now considered a global epidemic.[1]The clinical prevention and treatment of DCUs are critical and have remained challenging for clinicians.With the exploration of topical treatment methods,autologous platelet-rich gel(APG)is regarded as an adjuvant therapy to promote wound healing,and it has been widely used for wound repair.[2]Some microRNAs that play a critical role in the whole wound healing process have been found in wound tissues,which we call wound-related miRNAs(wr-miRNAs).However,few studies have explored the dynamic changes of wr-miRNAs during APG treatment.Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of APG in treating diabetic wounds and explore the dynamic changes of wr-miRNAs during wound healing.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21632001,21772002,81821004)the Druglnnovation Major Project(No.2018zx09711-001)the Open Research Fund of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistryand Chemical Processes is greatly appreciated.
文摘of main observation and conclusion We have developed an efficient Pd-catalyzed directed C-H bromination protocol,in which dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)is employed as oxidant with hydrobromic add aqueous solution(HBr(aq))as bromide source.The DMSO/HBr(aq)system,which is novelly and efficiently utilized in transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation,illustrates its practicability by the operational simplicity,inexpensive and readily available starting materials,and high bromide-atom economy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21871011,21602005,21632001,and 21772002)the Drug Innovation Major Project(2018ZX09711-001)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology,Nanjing University,China(grant no.KF-GN-201906).
文摘The electrophilic fluorination of unsaturated compounds provides a reliable approach to the generation of organofluorides,which are used widely in agrochemicals,pharmaceuticals,and other materials.Numerous active electrophilic fluorine reagents,such as the fluorine molecule(F_(2))or xenon difluoride(XeF_(2)),have been applied in fluorination.However,these reagents suffer from their hazardous,toxic,corrosive,and poor selective properties,and the relatively weak electrophilicity of Selectfluor or N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide(NFSI)usually limits their broad applications.Herein,we disclose nitromethane(MeNO_(2))as an efficient activator of Selectfluor and NFSI,as well as a stabilizer of carbocations.Therefore,the fluoro-azidation,fluoroamination,fluoroesterification of styrenes,and C–H fluorination of(hetero)arenes were well realized just by the facilitation of MeNO_(2).The mild reaction conditions and practicability made our current method a versatile protocol for accessing organofluorides.
