Thermal safety is one of the major issues for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)used in electric vehicles.The thermal runaway mechanism and process of LIBs have been extensively studied,but the thermal problems of LIBs remai...Thermal safety is one of the major issues for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)used in electric vehicles.The thermal runaway mechanism and process of LIBs have been extensively studied,but the thermal problems of LIBs remain intractable due to the flammability,volatility and corrosiveness of organic liquid electrolytes.To ultimately solve the thermal problem,all-solid-state LIBs(ASSLIBs)are considered to be the most promising technology.However,research on the thermal stability of solid-state electrolytes(SEs)is still in its initial stage,and the thermal safety of ASSLIBs still needs further validation.Moreover,the specified reviews summarizing the thermal stability of ASSLIBs and all types of SEs are still missing.To fill this gap,this review systematically discussed recent progress in the field of thermal properties investigation for ASSLIBs,form levels of materials and interface to the whole battery.The thermal properties of three major types of SEs,including polymer,oxide,and sulfide SEs are systematically reviewed here.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the thermal stability of SEs for the benign development of ASSLIBs and their promising application under practical operating conditions.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have been widely acknowledged as the key next-generation energy storage technology/device,due to their high safety and energy density.Among all solid electrolytes(SEs)that have been stu...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have been widely acknowledged as the key next-generation energy storage technology/device,due to their high safety and energy density.Among all solid electrolytes(SEs)that have been studied for ASSBs,sulfide SEs represent the most promising technical route due to their ultra-high ionic conductivity and desirable mechanical property.However,few results have been reported to study the thermal stability/safety issue of sulfide SEs and ASSBs.Herein,we develop the first-of-its-kind theoretical paradigm and a new conceptual parameter Th to quantitatively calculate/predict the essential thermal stability of sulfide SEs.This theoretical paradigm takes all types of parameters(e.g.crystal structure,localized polyhedra configuration,bond energy,bond type,bond number,normalization factor,and the energy correction factor)into consideration,and more importantly,can be simplified into one straightforward equation for its convenient application in any crystal-line systems.To prove its functionality,the typical experimental strategies(stoichiometric ratio control and elemental doping)are adopted for typical sul-fide SEs(Li7P3S11,Li3PS4)to improve their thermal stabilities,based on the predictions obtained from the derived theory and equation.Moreover,the potential doping elements to improve thermal stability of sulfide SEs are screened throughout the whole periodic table,and the theoretically predicted trends correspond well with experimental evidence.This work may represent the most critical breakthroughs in the research field of thermal stability for sul-fide SEs,not only because it fills the gap of this field,but also due to its precise and quantitative prediction based on a complete consideration of all parameters that determine their thermal stabilities.The handy model devel-oped herein can also be applied to any crystalline materials.展开更多
The amount of zircon U-Pb geochronological data for China has grown rapidly in recent years.Nearly 410,000 items of zircon U-Pb geochronological data,representing more than 7,000 relevant articles in the Elsevier Scie...The amount of zircon U-Pb geochronological data for China has grown rapidly in recent years.Nearly 410,000 items of zircon U-Pb geochronological data,representing more than 7,000 relevant articles in the Elsevier Science Database,have been collected to a database in this research.Statistics on the ages and absolute errors of these collated data,yielded smallest standard errors for(206Pb/238U),(207Pb/235U),and(207Pb/206Pb)ages within respective time intervals of<1388.96 Ma,1388.96–3282.52 Ma,and>3282.52 Ma.The ages and their absolute errors were determined using three main geochronology methods,based on laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometer(LA-ICP-MS),sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe(SHRIMP),and secondary ion mass spectrometer(SIMS)measurements.We compared the influence of these different methods on errors for each age interval.In addition,using a Gaussian model of multi-peak fitting of zircon U-Pb age frequencies,we identified seven growth peaks in zircons from the Chinese continental crust,which are 48.60 Ma,131.49 Ma,249.91 Ma,444.27 Ma,835.95 Ma,1860.65 Ma,and 2505.54 Ma.It is clear that there are correspondences between these ages and various geological events,namely,the Wutai movement,Lvliang movement,Jinning movement,Caledonian movement,Indo-China movement,Yanshan movement,and Himalayaorogeny movement,respectively.The time and spatial distributions of these zircons correspond to distinct geological events on the Chinese continent,reflecting its crustal evolution.展开更多
The zircon U-Pb chronology database provides a good opportunity to obtain important zircon growth peak periods in the Earth’s history so as to study the origin and evolution of the crust.It should be noted that resea...The zircon U-Pb chronology database provides a good opportunity to obtain important zircon growth peak periods in the Earth’s history so as to study the origin and evolution of the crust.It should be noted that research preference affects the objectivity of zircon sampling,leading to hot data in the database and age statistics.To evaluate the influence of hot data on statistical results,the W and Y indexes are introduced.Using a Gaussian model of multipeak fitting of zircon U-Pb age frequencies,we identify seven major growth peaks in zircons from the Chinese continental crust,which are 2498.95,1855.82,828.88,444.29,249.46,131.96,and 58.21 Ma.Due to differences in the time scales of zircon growth peaks,these peaks can be divided into two categories:first-order zircon growth peaks(Ⅰ)and second-order zircon growth peaks(Ⅱ),which represent longer and shorter time scales,perhaps due to different kinds of geological dynamics,respectively.In addition,there are clear correspondences between these ages and various geological events recognized by most scholars,namely,the Wutai orogeny,Lvliang orogeny,Jinning orogeny,Caledonian orogeny,Indosinian orogeny,Yanshanian orogeny,and Himalayan orogeny,respectively.展开更多
基金General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,Grant/Award Number:2202058General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51972334+3 种基金Key Program-Automobile Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U1964205Key R&D Project funded by Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BE2020003National Overseas High-level Talent Recruitment Program,Grant/Award Number:E1JF021E11Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,“Scientist Studio Program Funding”from Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center and Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies,Grant/Award Number:TIES-SS0001。
文摘Thermal safety is one of the major issues for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)used in electric vehicles.The thermal runaway mechanism and process of LIBs have been extensively studied,but the thermal problems of LIBs remain intractable due to the flammability,volatility and corrosiveness of organic liquid electrolytes.To ultimately solve the thermal problem,all-solid-state LIBs(ASSLIBs)are considered to be the most promising technology.However,research on the thermal stability of solid-state electrolytes(SEs)is still in its initial stage,and the thermal safety of ASSLIBs still needs further validation.Moreover,the specified reviews summarizing the thermal stability of ASSLIBs and all types of SEs are still missing.To fill this gap,this review systematically discussed recent progress in the field of thermal properties investigation for ASSLIBs,form levels of materials and interface to the whole battery.The thermal properties of three major types of SEs,including polymer,oxide,and sulfide SEs are systematically reviewed here.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the thermal stability of SEs for the benign development of ASSLIBs and their promising application under practical operating conditions.
基金Cultivation project of leading innovative experts in Changzhou City,Grant/Award Number:CQ20210003General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,Grant/Award Number:2202058+5 种基金General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51972334Key Program-Automobile Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U1964205Key R&D Project funded by Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BE2020003National Overseas High-level Expert recruitment Program,Grant/Award Number:E1JF021E11Science and Technology Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation,Grant/Award Number:202103402Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,“Scientist Studio Program Funding”from Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center and Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies,Grant/Award Number:TIES-SS0001。
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have been widely acknowledged as the key next-generation energy storage technology/device,due to their high safety and energy density.Among all solid electrolytes(SEs)that have been studied for ASSBs,sulfide SEs represent the most promising technical route due to their ultra-high ionic conductivity and desirable mechanical property.However,few results have been reported to study the thermal stability/safety issue of sulfide SEs and ASSBs.Herein,we develop the first-of-its-kind theoretical paradigm and a new conceptual parameter Th to quantitatively calculate/predict the essential thermal stability of sulfide SEs.This theoretical paradigm takes all types of parameters(e.g.crystal structure,localized polyhedra configuration,bond energy,bond type,bond number,normalization factor,and the energy correction factor)into consideration,and more importantly,can be simplified into one straightforward equation for its convenient application in any crystal-line systems.To prove its functionality,the typical experimental strategies(stoichiometric ratio control and elemental doping)are adopted for typical sul-fide SEs(Li7P3S11,Li3PS4)to improve their thermal stabilities,based on the predictions obtained from the derived theory and equation.Moreover,the potential doping elements to improve thermal stability of sulfide SEs are screened throughout the whole periodic table,and the theoretically predicted trends correspond well with experimental evidence.This work may represent the most critical breakthroughs in the research field of thermal stability for sul-fide SEs,not only because it fills the gap of this field,but also due to its precise and quantitative prediction based on a complete consideration of all parameters that determine their thermal stabilities.The handy model devel-oped herein can also be applied to any crystalline materials.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program,focused special funding[2017YFC0601203]the National Innovation Training Program for Undergraduate Students[Grant 201810001028].
文摘The amount of zircon U-Pb geochronological data for China has grown rapidly in recent years.Nearly 410,000 items of zircon U-Pb geochronological data,representing more than 7,000 relevant articles in the Elsevier Science Database,have been collected to a database in this research.Statistics on the ages and absolute errors of these collated data,yielded smallest standard errors for(206Pb/238U),(207Pb/235U),and(207Pb/206Pb)ages within respective time intervals of<1388.96 Ma,1388.96–3282.52 Ma,and>3282.52 Ma.The ages and their absolute errors were determined using three main geochronology methods,based on laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometer(LA-ICP-MS),sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe(SHRIMP),and secondary ion mass spectrometer(SIMS)measurements.We compared the influence of these different methods on errors for each age interval.In addition,using a Gaussian model of multi-peak fitting of zircon U-Pb age frequencies,we identified seven growth peaks in zircons from the Chinese continental crust,which are 48.60 Ma,131.49 Ma,249.91 Ma,444.27 Ma,835.95 Ma,1860.65 Ma,and 2505.54 Ma.It is clear that there are correspondences between these ages and various geological events,namely,the Wutai movement,Lvliang movement,Jinning movement,Caledonian movement,Indo-China movement,Yanshan movement,and Himalayaorogeny movement,respectively.The time and spatial distributions of these zircons correspond to distinct geological events on the Chinese continent,reflecting its crustal evolution.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,focused special funding[grant number 2017YFC0601203].
文摘The zircon U-Pb chronology database provides a good opportunity to obtain important zircon growth peak periods in the Earth’s history so as to study the origin and evolution of the crust.It should be noted that research preference affects the objectivity of zircon sampling,leading to hot data in the database and age statistics.To evaluate the influence of hot data on statistical results,the W and Y indexes are introduced.Using a Gaussian model of multipeak fitting of zircon U-Pb age frequencies,we identify seven major growth peaks in zircons from the Chinese continental crust,which are 2498.95,1855.82,828.88,444.29,249.46,131.96,and 58.21 Ma.Due to differences in the time scales of zircon growth peaks,these peaks can be divided into two categories:first-order zircon growth peaks(Ⅰ)and second-order zircon growth peaks(Ⅱ),which represent longer and shorter time scales,perhaps due to different kinds of geological dynamics,respectively.In addition,there are clear correspondences between these ages and various geological events recognized by most scholars,namely,the Wutai orogeny,Lvliang orogeny,Jinning orogeny,Caledonian orogeny,Indosinian orogeny,Yanshanian orogeny,and Himalayan orogeny,respectively.
