In this paper,a composite pressure-sensitive mechanism combining diaphragm bending and volume compression was developed for resonant pressure microsensors to achieve high-pressure measurements with excellent accuracy....In this paper,a composite pressure-sensitive mechanism combining diaphragm bending and volume compression was developed for resonant pressure microsensors to achieve high-pressure measurements with excellent accuracy.The composite mechanism was explained,and the sensor structure was designed based on theoretical analysis and finite element simulation.An all-silicon resonant high-pressure microsensor with multiple miniaturized cavities and dual resonators was developed,where dual resonators positioned in two resonant cavities with suitably different widths are used to perform opposite characteristics in pressure and the same characteristics at different temperatures,which can improve pressure sensitivities and realize temperature self-compensation by differential frequency output.The microsensor was fabricated by microfabrication,and the experimental results showed that the sensor had an accuracy of±0.015%full scale(FS)in a pressure range of 0.1~100 MPa and a temperature range of−10~50℃.The pressure sensitivity of the differential frequency was 261.10 Hz/MPa(~2523 ppm/MPa)at a temperature of 20℃,and the temperature sensitivities of the dual resonators were−1.54 Hz/℃(~−14.5 ppm/℃)and−1.57 Hz/℃(~−15.6 ppm/℃)at a pressure of 2 MPa.The differential output had an outstanding stability within±0.02 Hz under constant temperature and pressure.Thus,this research provides a convenient solution for high-pressure measurements because of its advantages,namely,large range,excellent accuracy and stability.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in cervical carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detec...Objective: To investigate the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in cervical carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expres- sions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in 72 cases of invasive carcinoma of cervix (ICC) and 16 cases of normal cervical epithelium remote from tumor (NCE). The relationships between the expressions of COX-2, MMP-9 in ICC and some characteristics relating to clinical pathology of cervical carcinoma such as histological grading, lymph node metastasis, stromal invasion and FIGO stage were analyzed statistically. Results: The rates of the positive expressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in ICC were significantly higher than those in NCE. COX-2: 88.9% (64/72) in group ICC and 12.5% (2/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000; MMP-9: 94.4% (68/72) in group ICC and 43.8% (7/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000. The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.296, P = 0.012) and stromal invasion (r = 0.257, P = 0.029). The expression of MMP-9 was positively correlated with FIGO stage (r = 0.329, P = 0.005) and histological grading (r = 0.351, P = 0.003). The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-9 in ICC (r = 0.297, P = 0.011). Conclusion: The overexpressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 were closely related to the invasion and growth of cervical carcinoma. The tissue with the overexpression of COX-2 had strong invasion ability. COX-2 and MMP-9 had synergistic effect on proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Detecting the coexpression of COX-2 and MMP-9 may be of value in further understanding the biological behavior and predicting the prognosis of cervical carcinoma.展开更多
In this paper,a novel simulation-based evolutionary method is presented for designing parameter-free MEMS structures with maximum degrees of freedom.This novel design method enabled semiautomatic structure evolution b...In this paper,a novel simulation-based evolutionary method is presented for designing parameter-free MEMS structures with maximum degrees of freedom.This novel design method enabled semiautomatic structure evolution by weighing the attributes of each segment of the structure and yielded an optimal design after multiple iterations.The proposed method was utilized to optimize the pressure-sensitive diaphragm of a piezoresistive pressure sensor(PPS).Finite element method(FEM)simulations revealed that,in comparison to conventional diaphragms without islands and with square islands,the optimized diaphragm increased the stress by 10%and 16%and reduced the nonlinearity by 57%and 77%,respectively.These improvements demonstrate the value of this method.Characterization of the fabricated PPS revealed a high sensitivity of 8.8 mV V−1 MPa−1 and a low nonlinearity of 0.058%FS at 20°C,indicating excellent sensor performance.展开更多
Advances in genomic medicine have greatly improved our understanding of human diseases.However,phenome is not well understood.High-resolution and multidimensional phenotypes have shed light on the mechanisms underlyin...Advances in genomic medicine have greatly improved our understanding of human diseases.However,phenome is not well understood.High-resolution and multidimensional phenotypes have shed light on the mechanisms underlying neonatal diseases in greater details and have the potential to optimize clinical strategies.In this review,we first highlight the value of analyzing traditional phenotypes using a data science approach in the neonatal population.We then discuss recent research on high-resolution,multidimensional,and structured phenotypes in neonatal critical diseases.Finally,we briefly introduce current technologies available for the analysis of multidimensional data and the value that can be provided by integrating these data into clinical practice.In summary,a time series of multidimensional phenome can improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and diagnostic decision-making,stratify patients,and provide clinicians with optimized strategies for therapeutic intervention;however,the available technologies for collecting multidimensional data and the best platform for connecting multiple modalities should be considered.展开更多
The growth in biomedical data resources has raised potential privacy concerns and risks of genetic information leakage. For instance, exome sequencing aids clinical decisions by comparing data through web services, bu...The growth in biomedical data resources has raised potential privacy concerns and risks of genetic information leakage. For instance, exome sequencing aids clinical decisions by comparing data through web services, but it requires significant trust between users and providers. To alleviate privacy concerns, the most commonly used strategy is to anonymize sensitive data. Unfortunately, studies have shown that anonymization is insufficient to protect against reidentification attacks. Recently, privacy-preserving technologies have been applied to preserve application utility while protecting the privacy of biomedical data. We present the PICOTEES framework, a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants (https://birthdefectlab.cn:3000/). PICOTEES enables privacy-preserving queries of the phenotype spectrum for a single variant by utilizing trusted execution environment technology, which can protect the privacy of the user's query information, backend models, and data, as well as the final results. We demonstrate the utility and performance of PICOTEES by exploring a bioinformatics dataset. The dataset is from a cohort containing 20,909 genetic testing patients with 3,152,508 variants from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China, dominated by the Chinese Han population (>99.9%). Our query results yield a large number of unreported diagnostic variants and previously reported pathogenicity.展开更多
Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical st...Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical stability windows(ESWs)can be considerably expanded by increasing electrolyte concentrations.However,further breakthroughs of their ESWs encounter bottlenecks because of the limited salt solubility,leading to that most of the high-energy anode materials can hardly function reversibly in aqueous electrolytes.Here,by introducing a non-flammable ionic liquid as co-solvent in a lithium salt/water system,we develop a"water in salt/ionic liquid"(WiSIL)electrolyte with extremely low water content.In such WiSIL electrolyte,commercial niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)material can operate at a low potential(-1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl)and contribute its full capacity.Consequently,the resultant Nb2O5-based aqueous lithium-ion capacitor is able to operate at a high voltage of 2.8 V along with long cycling stability over 3000 cycles,and displays comparable energy and power performance(51.9 Wh kg^-1 at 0.37 kW kg^-1 and 16.4 Wh kg^-1 at 4.9 kW kg^-1)to those using non-aqueous electrolytes but with improved safety performance and manufacturing efficiency.展开更多
To the Editor: Genetic diseases contribute to 35% of deaths during the first year of life and are a significant cause of intensive care.[1] A previous study based on the China Neonatal Genomes Project investigated the...To the Editor: Genetic diseases contribute to 35% of deaths during the first year of life and are a significant cause of intensive care.[1] A previous study based on the China Neonatal Genomes Project investigated the genetic causes of early infant deaths and found that >25% of deceased neonates with genetic diagnoses can be cured if diagnosed in time.[2] Therefore, it is crucial to target and diagnose neonates with genetic diseases as early as possible. According to our experience, the typical phenotypes, such as special facial features or multiple congenital anomalies (MCAs), indicate a high risk of genetic disease and lead physicians to perform genetic testing in neonates as early as possible. However, in practice, infants without typical phenotypes typically undergo a long and costly diagnostic process before genetic diagnoses are confirmed. Moreover, a recent survey by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and other national professional organizations indicated that there are insufficient numbers of qualified geneticists to fulfil genetic service needs.[3] The ACMG published the general clinical features for genetic testing indications. For example, patients with phenotypes or family history data that strongly implicate a genetic cause may undergo genetic testing.[1] However, the study indicated that many genetic conditions arise de novo or are inherited with no family history.[1] A previous study attempted to apply the non-phenotype-driven panel approach in neonates admitted to the neonate intensive care unit (NICU).[4] However, at present, the diagnostic yield is only 3.45% (1/29).[4] In addition, the economic and ethical issues associated with genomic screening remain challenging. Therefore, the available indications for genetic testing may improve the management of genetic diseases.展开更多
In this paper,we develop the truncated Euler-Maruyama(EM)method for stochastic differential equations with piecewise continuous arguments(SDEPCAs),and consider the strong convergence theory under the local Lipschitz c...In this paper,we develop the truncated Euler-Maruyama(EM)method for stochastic differential equations with piecewise continuous arguments(SDEPCAs),and consider the strong convergence theory under the local Lipschitz condition plus the Khasminskii-type condition.The order of convergence is obtained.Moreover,we show that the truncated EM method can preserve the exponential mean square stability of SDEPCAs.Numerical examples are provided to support our conclusions.展开更多
Zinc-based electrochemistry ene rgy sto rage with high safety and high theoretical capacity is considered to be a competitive candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries.In electrochemical energy storage,multimetal oxi...Zinc-based electrochemistry ene rgy sto rage with high safety and high theoretical capacity is considered to be a competitive candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries.In electrochemical energy storage,multimetal oxide cathode materials can generally provide a wider electrochemical stability window and a higher capacity compared with single metal oxides cathode.Here,a new type of cathode material,MnFe2Co3O8 nanodots/functional graphene sheets,is designed and used for aqueous hybrid Zn-based energy storage.Coupling with a hybrid electrolyte based on zinc sulfate and potassium hydroxide,the asfabricated battery was able to work with a wide electrochemical window of 0.1~1.8 V,showed a high specific capacity of 660 mAh/g,delivered an ultra high energy density of 1135 Wh/kg and a scalable power density of 5754 W/kg(calculated based on the cathode),and displayed a long cycling life of 1000 cycles.These are mainly attributed to the valence charge density distribution in MnFe2Co3O8 nanodots,the good structural strengthening as well as high conductivity of the cathode,and the right electrolyte.Such cathode material also exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction and thus could be used for constructing a Zn-air battery with an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 9556 mAh/g.展开更多
The explosion of next-generation sequencing(NGS)has enabled the widespread use of genomic data in precision medicine.Currently,several neonatal genome projects have emerged to explore the advantages of NGS to diagnose...The explosion of next-generation sequencing(NGS)has enabled the widespread use of genomic data in precision medicine.Currently,several neonatal genome projects have emerged to explore the advantages of NGS to diagnose or screen for rare genetic disorders.These projects have made remarkable achievements,but still the genome data could be further explored with the assistance of phenotype collection.In contrast,longitudinal birth cohorts are great examples to record and apply phenotypic information in clinical studies starting at the neonatal period,especially the trajectory analyses for health development or disease progression.It is obvious that efficient integration of genotype and phenotype benefits not only the clinical management of rare genetic disorders but also the risk assessment of complex diseases.Here,we first summarize the recent neonatal genome projects as well as some longitudinal birth cohorts.Then,we propose two simplified strategies by integrating genotypic and phenotypic information in precision medicine based on current studies.Finally,research collaborations,sociological issues,and future perspectives are discussed.How to maximize neonatal genomic information to benefit the pediatric population remains an area in need of more research and effort.展开更多
This paper presents a micromachined electrochemical angular accelerometer with highly integrated sensitive microelectrodes.Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations were conducted to model the angular acceleromet...This paper presents a micromachined electrochemical angular accelerometer with highly integrated sensitive microelectrodes.Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations were conducted to model the angular accelerometer with key geometrical parameters(e.g.,electrode spacing,via spacing and via size)optimized.Highly integrated sensitive microelectrodes were manufactured based on microfabrication and assembled to form MEMS-based electrochemical angular accelerometers.Device characterization was conducted,locating a sensitivity of 80 V/(rad/s^(2)),a bandwidth of 0.01–18 Hz and a noise level of 3.98×10^(−8)(rad/s^(2))/√Hz.In comparison to a previously reported electrochemical angular microaccelerometer,a significant improvement in sensitivity(80 V/(rad/s^(2))vs.10 V/(rad/s^(2)))was achieved due to the new structure of sensitive microelectrodes.These results indicated the potential of the developed MEMS-based electrochemical angular accelerometer in seismology,including natural disaster monitoring and resource exploration.展开更多
Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA)is a severe condition in newborns.Ibuprofen is an effective treatment to reduce the severe complications and the need for surgical treatment.Several single-nu...Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA)is a severe condition in newborns.Ibuprofen is an effective treatment to reduce the severe complications and the need for surgical treatment.Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were related to the ibuprofen metabolism,treatment effects,and the onset of side effects.The effects of SNPs on hsPDA response after ibuprofen treatment are unknown.Therefore,in this study,we recruited hsPDA patients with standard ibuprofen treatment.Those patients had participated in China Neonatal Genomes Project(CNGP,ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03931707)with next-generation sequencing data.We reanalyzed the sequencing data and compared the allele frequencies of known ibuprofen-related SNPs between ibuprofen Responder and Non-responder groups.In total,185 hsPDA patients were recruited with gestational age(GA)ranging from 24 to 40 weeks.No significant differences were detected in the basic information,period of ibuprofen treatment,rate of conservative treatment,complications,and side effects between ibuprofen Responder group and Non-responder group.Totally,17 hsPDA carried CYP2C9^(*)3 and one with CYP2C9^(*)2 were detected.In the GA group of more than 30 GA weeks(GA>30 wks group),we found higher allele frequency of CYP2C9^(*)3 in Responder group than in Non-responder group(16%vs.0,p=0.0391).In the GA group of less than 30 GA weeks(GA≤30 wks group),the sum allele frequency of CYP2C9^(*)3 and CYP2C9^(*)2 had no stastical difference between two groups(Responder group vs.Non-responder group,13%vs.11%,p=0.768).Therefore,we came to conclude that genetic tests of CYP2C9^(*)3 site may benefit the prediction of ibuprofen treatment outcome for hsPDA patients with gestational age of more than 30 weeks.展开更多
A new electrochemical angular microaccelerometer with integrated sensitive electrodes perpendicular to flow channels was developed in this paper.Based on a liquid inertial mass,an incoming angular acceleration was tra...A new electrochemical angular microaccelerometer with integrated sensitive electrodes perpendicular to flow channels was developed in this paper.Based on a liquid inertial mass,an incoming angular acceleration was translated into varied concentrations of reactive ions around sensitive microelectrodes,generating a detection current.Key structural parameters of the sensitive microelectrodes were designed and compared based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.An angular microaccelerometer incorporating sensitive microelectrodes was then fabricated,assembled and characterized,producing a sensitivity of 338 V/(rad/s^(2)),a-3 dB bandwidth of 0.01-10 Hz and a noise level of 4.67×10^(-8)(rad/s^(2))/Hz^(1/2)@1 Hz.These performances were better than their commercial counterparts based on traditional electrodes and previously reported microaccelerometers based on microsensitive electrodes in parallel with flow channels,which can be applied to measure rotational accelerations in earthquakes and buildings.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2022YFB3207300in part by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant 61825107+3 种基金in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62301536Grant 62121003,Grant 62201549,and Grant U1930206in part by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS under Grant 2023134 and Grant 2022121in part by the Instrument Research and Development of CAS under Grant GJJSTD20210004.
文摘In this paper,a composite pressure-sensitive mechanism combining diaphragm bending and volume compression was developed for resonant pressure microsensors to achieve high-pressure measurements with excellent accuracy.The composite mechanism was explained,and the sensor structure was designed based on theoretical analysis and finite element simulation.An all-silicon resonant high-pressure microsensor with multiple miniaturized cavities and dual resonators was developed,where dual resonators positioned in two resonant cavities with suitably different widths are used to perform opposite characteristics in pressure and the same characteristics at different temperatures,which can improve pressure sensitivities and realize temperature self-compensation by differential frequency output.The microsensor was fabricated by microfabrication,and the experimental results showed that the sensor had an accuracy of±0.015%full scale(FS)in a pressure range of 0.1~100 MPa and a temperature range of−10~50℃.The pressure sensitivity of the differential frequency was 261.10 Hz/MPa(~2523 ppm/MPa)at a temperature of 20℃,and the temperature sensitivities of the dual resonators were−1.54 Hz/℃(~−14.5 ppm/℃)and−1.57 Hz/℃(~−15.6 ppm/℃)at a pressure of 2 MPa.The differential output had an outstanding stability within±0.02 Hz under constant temperature and pressure.Thus,this research provides a convenient solution for high-pressure measurements because of its advantages,namely,large range,excellent accuracy and stability.
文摘Objective: To investigate the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in cervical carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expres- sions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in 72 cases of invasive carcinoma of cervix (ICC) and 16 cases of normal cervical epithelium remote from tumor (NCE). The relationships between the expressions of COX-2, MMP-9 in ICC and some characteristics relating to clinical pathology of cervical carcinoma such as histological grading, lymph node metastasis, stromal invasion and FIGO stage were analyzed statistically. Results: The rates of the positive expressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in ICC were significantly higher than those in NCE. COX-2: 88.9% (64/72) in group ICC and 12.5% (2/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000; MMP-9: 94.4% (68/72) in group ICC and 43.8% (7/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000. The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.296, P = 0.012) and stromal invasion (r = 0.257, P = 0.029). The expression of MMP-9 was positively correlated with FIGO stage (r = 0.329, P = 0.005) and histological grading (r = 0.351, P = 0.003). The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-9 in ICC (r = 0.297, P = 0.011). Conclusion: The overexpressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 were closely related to the invasion and growth of cervical carcinoma. The tissue with the overexpression of COX-2 had strong invasion ability. COX-2 and MMP-9 had synergistic effect on proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Detecting the coexpression of COX-2 and MMP-9 may be of value in further understanding the biological behavior and predicting the prognosis of cervical carcinoma.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3204900)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2023134 and 2022121)+1 种基金the Key Technology Team Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(GJJSTD20210004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61825107,U1930206,62121003,and 62201549).
文摘In this paper,a novel simulation-based evolutionary method is presented for designing parameter-free MEMS structures with maximum degrees of freedom.This novel design method enabled semiautomatic structure evolution by weighing the attributes of each segment of the structure and yielded an optimal design after multiple iterations.The proposed method was utilized to optimize the pressure-sensitive diaphragm of a piezoresistive pressure sensor(PPS).Finite element method(FEM)simulations revealed that,in comparison to conventional diaphragms without islands and with square islands,the optimized diaphragm increased the stress by 10%and 16%and reduced the nonlinearity by 57%and 77%,respectively.These improvements demonstrate the value of this method.Characterization of the fabricated PPS revealed a high sensitivity of 8.8 mV V−1 MPa−1 and a low nonlinearity of 0.058%FS at 20°C,indicating excellent sensor performance.
基金funded by project supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2020YFC2006402)project supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2017SHZDZX01).
文摘Advances in genomic medicine have greatly improved our understanding of human diseases.However,phenome is not well understood.High-resolution and multidimensional phenotypes have shed light on the mechanisms underlying neonatal diseases in greater details and have the potential to optimize clinical strategies.In this review,we first highlight the value of analyzing traditional phenotypes using a data science approach in the neonatal population.We then discuss recent research on high-resolution,multidimensional,and structured phenotypes in neonatal critical diseases.Finally,we briefly introduce current technologies available for the analysis of multidimensional data and the value that can be provided by integrating these data into clinical practice.In summary,a time series of multidimensional phenome can improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and diagnostic decision-making,stratify patients,and provide clinicians with optimized strategies for therapeutic intervention;however,the available technologies for collecting multidimensional data and the best platform for connecting multiple modalities should be considered.
基金funded by the Shanghai Hospital Development Center(SHDC2020CR6028-002 to W.Zhou)National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC2006402 to Y.Lu)+7 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022ZD0116003 to X.Dong)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(22002400700 to S.Wu)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(20Z11900600 to W.Zhou)National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFC0116903 to W.Zhou)Major Research Projects for Young and Middle-aged People of Fujian Province(2021ZQNZD017 to Y.Lu)supported by Key Lab Information Network Security,Ministry of Public Security(to H.Zheng and S.Wang)“Pioneer”and”Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2022C01126 to Q.Sun and S.Wang)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2500802 and 2021YFC2500806 to H.Zheng and S.Wang).
文摘The growth in biomedical data resources has raised potential privacy concerns and risks of genetic information leakage. For instance, exome sequencing aids clinical decisions by comparing data through web services, but it requires significant trust between users and providers. To alleviate privacy concerns, the most commonly used strategy is to anonymize sensitive data. Unfortunately, studies have shown that anonymization is insufficient to protect against reidentification attacks. Recently, privacy-preserving technologies have been applied to preserve application utility while protecting the privacy of biomedical data. We present the PICOTEES framework, a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants (https://birthdefectlab.cn:3000/). PICOTEES enables privacy-preserving queries of the phenotype spectrum for a single variant by utilizing trusted execution environment technology, which can protect the privacy of the user's query information, backend models, and data, as well as the final results. We demonstrate the utility and performance of PICOTEES by exploring a bioinformatics dataset. The dataset is from a cohort containing 20,909 genetic testing patients with 3,152,508 variants from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China, dominated by the Chinese Han population (>99.9%). Our query results yield a large number of unreported diagnostic variants and previously reported pathogenicity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(21573265 and 21673263)the Zhaoqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(2019K038)+2 种基金the Key Cultivation Projects of the Institute in 13th Five-Yearthe Instruments Function Development&Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020g105)the Western Young Scholars Foundations of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical stability windows(ESWs)can be considerably expanded by increasing electrolyte concentrations.However,further breakthroughs of their ESWs encounter bottlenecks because of the limited salt solubility,leading to that most of the high-energy anode materials can hardly function reversibly in aqueous electrolytes.Here,by introducing a non-flammable ionic liquid as co-solvent in a lithium salt/water system,we develop a"water in salt/ionic liquid"(WiSIL)electrolyte with extremely low water content.In such WiSIL electrolyte,commercial niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)material can operate at a low potential(-1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl)and contribute its full capacity.Consequently,the resultant Nb2O5-based aqueous lithium-ion capacitor is able to operate at a high voltage of 2.8 V along with long cycling stability over 3000 cycles,and displays comparable energy and power performance(51.9 Wh kg^-1 at 0.37 kW kg^-1 and 16.4 Wh kg^-1 at 4.9 kW kg^-1)to those using non-aqueous electrolytes but with improved safety performance and manufacturing efficiency.
基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (No. 2017SHZDZX01)。
文摘To the Editor: Genetic diseases contribute to 35% of deaths during the first year of life and are a significant cause of intensive care.[1] A previous study based on the China Neonatal Genomes Project investigated the genetic causes of early infant deaths and found that >25% of deceased neonates with genetic diagnoses can be cured if diagnosed in time.[2] Therefore, it is crucial to target and diagnose neonates with genetic diseases as early as possible. According to our experience, the typical phenotypes, such as special facial features or multiple congenital anomalies (MCAs), indicate a high risk of genetic disease and lead physicians to perform genetic testing in neonates as early as possible. However, in practice, infants without typical phenotypes typically undergo a long and costly diagnostic process before genetic diagnoses are confirmed. Moreover, a recent survey by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and other national professional organizations indicated that there are insufficient numbers of qualified geneticists to fulfil genetic service needs.[3] The ACMG published the general clinical features for genetic testing indications. For example, patients with phenotypes or family history data that strongly implicate a genetic cause may undergo genetic testing.[1] However, the study indicated that many genetic conditions arise de novo or are inherited with no family history.[1] A previous study attempted to apply the non-phenotype-driven panel approach in neonates admitted to the neonate intensive care unit (NICU).[4] However, at present, the diagnostic yield is only 3.45% (1/29).[4] In addition, the economic and ethical issues associated with genomic screening remain challenging. Therefore, the available indications for genetic testing may improve the management of genetic diseases.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11671113)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20180347).
文摘In this paper,we develop the truncated Euler-Maruyama(EM)method for stochastic differential equations with piecewise continuous arguments(SDEPCAs),and consider the strong convergence theory under the local Lipschitz condition plus the Khasminskii-type condition.The order of convergence is obtained.Moreover,we show that the truncated EM method can preserve the exponential mean square stability of SDEPCAs.Numerical examples are provided to support our conclusions.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundations of China(Nos.21673263 and 21805292)One-Three-Five Strategic Planning of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(No.DNL180307)。
文摘Zinc-based electrochemistry ene rgy sto rage with high safety and high theoretical capacity is considered to be a competitive candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries.In electrochemical energy storage,multimetal oxide cathode materials can generally provide a wider electrochemical stability window and a higher capacity compared with single metal oxides cathode.Here,a new type of cathode material,MnFe2Co3O8 nanodots/functional graphene sheets,is designed and used for aqueous hybrid Zn-based energy storage.Coupling with a hybrid electrolyte based on zinc sulfate and potassium hydroxide,the asfabricated battery was able to work with a wide electrochemical window of 0.1~1.8 V,showed a high specific capacity of 660 mAh/g,delivered an ultra high energy density of 1135 Wh/kg and a scalable power density of 5754 W/kg(calculated based on the cathode),and displayed a long cycling life of 1000 cycles.These are mainly attributed to the valence charge density distribution in MnFe2Co3O8 nanodots,the good structural strengthening as well as high conductivity of the cathode,and the right electrolyte.Such cathode material also exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction and thus could be used for constructing a Zn-air battery with an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 9556 mAh/g.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFC2006402)a Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2017SHZDZX01).
文摘The explosion of next-generation sequencing(NGS)has enabled the widespread use of genomic data in precision medicine.Currently,several neonatal genome projects have emerged to explore the advantages of NGS to diagnose or screen for rare genetic disorders.These projects have made remarkable achievements,but still the genome data could be further explored with the assistance of phenotype collection.In contrast,longitudinal birth cohorts are great examples to record and apply phenotypic information in clinical studies starting at the neonatal period,especially the trajectory analyses for health development or disease progression.It is obvious that efficient integration of genotype and phenotype benefits not only the clinical management of rare genetic disorders but also the risk assessment of complex diseases.Here,we first summarize the recent neonatal genome projects as well as some longitudinal birth cohorts.Then,we propose two simplified strategies by integrating genotypic and phenotypic information in precision medicine based on current studies.Finally,research collaborations,sociological issues,and future perspectives are discussed.How to maximize neonatal genomic information to benefit the pediatric population remains an area in need of more research and effort.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program(A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA22020302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.61825107)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62071454,62061136012)the Innovation Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62121003)the Scientific Instrument Development Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.JJSTD20210004).
文摘This paper presents a micromachined electrochemical angular accelerometer with highly integrated sensitive microelectrodes.Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations were conducted to model the angular accelerometer with key geometrical parameters(e.g.,electrode spacing,via spacing and via size)optimized.Highly integrated sensitive microelectrodes were manufactured based on microfabrication and assembled to form MEMS-based electrochemical angular accelerometers.Device characterization was conducted,locating a sensitivity of 80 V/(rad/s^(2)),a bandwidth of 0.01–18 Hz and a noise level of 3.98×10^(−8)(rad/s^(2))/√Hz.In comparison to a previously reported electrochemical angular microaccelerometer,a significant improvement in sensitivity(80 V/(rad/s^(2))vs.10 V/(rad/s^(2)))was achieved due to the new structure of sensitive microelectrodes.These results indicated the potential of the developed MEMS-based electrochemical angular accelerometer in seismology,including natural disaster monitoring and resource exploration.
基金supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2017SHZDZX01).
文摘Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA)is a severe condition in newborns.Ibuprofen is an effective treatment to reduce the severe complications and the need for surgical treatment.Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were related to the ibuprofen metabolism,treatment effects,and the onset of side effects.The effects of SNPs on hsPDA response after ibuprofen treatment are unknown.Therefore,in this study,we recruited hsPDA patients with standard ibuprofen treatment.Those patients had participated in China Neonatal Genomes Project(CNGP,ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03931707)with next-generation sequencing data.We reanalyzed the sequencing data and compared the allele frequencies of known ibuprofen-related SNPs between ibuprofen Responder and Non-responder groups.In total,185 hsPDA patients were recruited with gestational age(GA)ranging from 24 to 40 weeks.No significant differences were detected in the basic information,period of ibuprofen treatment,rate of conservative treatment,complications,and side effects between ibuprofen Responder group and Non-responder group.Totally,17 hsPDA carried CYP2C9^(*)3 and one with CYP2C9^(*)2 were detected.In the GA group of more than 30 GA weeks(GA>30 wks group),we found higher allele frequency of CYP2C9^(*)3 in Responder group than in Non-responder group(16%vs.0,p=0.0391).In the GA group of less than 30 GA weeks(GA≤30 wks group),the sum allele frequency of CYP2C9^(*)3 and CYP2C9^(*)2 had no stastical difference between two groups(Responder group vs.Non-responder group,13%vs.11%,p=0.768).Therefore,we came to conclude that genetic tests of CYP2C9^(*)3 site may benefit the prediction of ibuprofen treatment outcome for hsPDA patients with gestational age of more than 30 weeks.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62071454,62061136012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant no.61825107)+2 种基金the Innovation Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.62121003)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.JJSTD20210004)the Strategic Priority Research Program(A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.XDA22020302).
文摘A new electrochemical angular microaccelerometer with integrated sensitive electrodes perpendicular to flow channels was developed in this paper.Based on a liquid inertial mass,an incoming angular acceleration was translated into varied concentrations of reactive ions around sensitive microelectrodes,generating a detection current.Key structural parameters of the sensitive microelectrodes were designed and compared based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.An angular microaccelerometer incorporating sensitive microelectrodes was then fabricated,assembled and characterized,producing a sensitivity of 338 V/(rad/s^(2)),a-3 dB bandwidth of 0.01-10 Hz and a noise level of 4.67×10^(-8)(rad/s^(2))/Hz^(1/2)@1 Hz.These performances were better than their commercial counterparts based on traditional electrodes and previously reported microaccelerometers based on microsensitive electrodes in parallel with flow channels,which can be applied to measure rotational accelerations in earthquakes and buildings.
