Network functions virtualization(NFV) increases network flexibility and scalability by virtualizing network functions running on the general servers and opens the network innovations by outsourcing VNF instances in 5G...Network functions virtualization(NFV) increases network flexibility and scalability by virtualizing network functions running on the general servers and opens the network innovations by outsourcing VNF instances in 5G networks.However,it leads to the incompatibility issue among different VNF instances,which makes operators difficult to determine which VNF instances to select for Service Function Chains(SFCs).In this paper,we divide VNF instances with high compatibility into clusters used for combining VNF instances in 5G networks.Firstly,we define compatibility among different VNF instances.Secondly,aiming to maximize compatibility of each cluster,we propose a novel hypergraph clustering model that divides the VNF instances into multiple clusters.Then,the hypergraph clustering model is transformed to an evolutionary game.Thus,the cluster establishing is transformed to the game equilibrium searching.Furthermore,we propose a discrete time high order replicator dynamic algorithm to find the game equilibrium.Finally,the simulation results show that the proposed approach can improve the quality of SFCs.展开更多
Magnetic single-domain islands based on in-plane anisotropy （usually, shape anisotropy） and their dipole-dipole interactions have been investigated extensively in recent years. This has been driven by potential appl...Magnetic single-domain islands based on in-plane anisotropy （usually, shape anisotropy） and their dipole-dipole interactions have been investigated extensively in recent years. This has been driven by potential applications in magnetic recording, spintronics, magneto-biology, etc. Here, we propose a concept of out- of-plane magnetic dusters with configurable domain structures （multi-flux states） via dipole-dipole interactions. Their flux stages can be switched through an external magnetic field. The concept has been successfully demonstrated by patterned [Co/Pd] islands. A [Co/Pd] multilayer exhibits a large perpendicular anisotropy, a strong physical separation, and uniform intrinsic properties after being patterned into individual islands by electron beam lithography. A three- island cluster with six stable flux states has been realized by optimizing island size, thickness, gap, anisotropy, saturation magnetization, etc. Using [Co/Pd] multilayers, we have optimized the island structure by tuning magnetic properties （saturation magnetization and perpendicular anisotropy） using Landau-Liftshitz- Gilbert （LLG） simulation/calculation. Potential applications have been proposed, including a flexi-programmable logic device with AND, OR, NAND, and NOR functionalities and a magnetic domino, which can propagate magnetic current as far as 1 μm down from the surface via vertical dipole-dipole interactions.展开更多
基金supported by The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863)(Grant No.2014AA01A701,2015AA01A706)
文摘Network functions virtualization(NFV) increases network flexibility and scalability by virtualizing network functions running on the general servers and opens the network innovations by outsourcing VNF instances in 5G networks.However,it leads to the incompatibility issue among different VNF instances,which makes operators difficult to determine which VNF instances to select for Service Function Chains(SFCs).In this paper,we divide VNF instances with high compatibility into clusters used for combining VNF instances in 5G networks.Firstly,we define compatibility among different VNF instances.Secondly,aiming to maximize compatibility of each cluster,we propose a novel hypergraph clustering model that divides the VNF instances into multiple clusters.Then,the hypergraph clustering model is transformed to an evolutionary game.Thus,the cluster establishing is transformed to the game equilibrium searching.Furthermore,we propose a discrete time high order replicator dynamic algorithm to find the game equilibrium.Finally,the simulation results show that the proposed approach can improve the quality of SFCs.
文摘Magnetic single-domain islands based on in-plane anisotropy （usually, shape anisotropy） and their dipole-dipole interactions have been investigated extensively in recent years. This has been driven by potential applications in magnetic recording, spintronics, magneto-biology, etc. Here, we propose a concept of out- of-plane magnetic dusters with configurable domain structures （multi-flux states） via dipole-dipole interactions. Their flux stages can be switched through an external magnetic field. The concept has been successfully demonstrated by patterned [Co/Pd] islands. A [Co/Pd] multilayer exhibits a large perpendicular anisotropy, a strong physical separation, and uniform intrinsic properties after being patterned into individual islands by electron beam lithography. A three- island cluster with six stable flux states has been realized by optimizing island size, thickness, gap, anisotropy, saturation magnetization, etc. Using [Co/Pd] multilayers, we have optimized the island structure by tuning magnetic properties （saturation magnetization and perpendicular anisotropy） using Landau-Liftshitz- Gilbert （LLG） simulation/calculation. Potential applications have been proposed, including a flexi-programmable logic device with AND, OR, NAND, and NOR functionalities and a magnetic domino, which can propagate magnetic current as far as 1 μm down from the surface via vertical dipole-dipole interactions.
