Impact craters are formed due to the high-speed collisions between small to medium-sized celestial bodies.Impact is the most significant driving force in the evolution of celestial bodies,and the impact craters provid...Impact craters are formed due to the high-speed collisions between small to medium-sized celestial bodies.Impact is the most significant driving force in the evolution of celestial bodies,and the impact craters provide crucial insights into the formation,evolution,and impact history of celestial bodies.In this paper,we present a detailed review of the characteristics of impact craters,impact crater remote sensing data,recognition algorithms,and applications related to impact craters.We first provide a detailed description of the geometric texture,illumination,and morphology characteristics observed in remote sensing data of craters.Then we summarize the remote sensing data and cataloging databases for the four terrestrial planets(i.e.,the Moon,Mars,Mercury,and Venus),as well as the impact craters on Ceres.Subsequently,we study the advancement achieved in the traditional methods,machine learning methods,and deep learning methods applied to the classification,segmentation,and recognition of impact craters.Furthermore,based on the analysis results,we discuss the existing challenges in impact crater recognition and suggest some solutions.Finally,we explore the implementation of impact crater detection algorithms and provide a forward-looking perspective.展开更多
Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)are one of the promising battery technologies for the green energy storage and electric vehicles.As one attractive cathode material for AZIBs,α-MnO2 materials exhibit superior electroch...Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)are one of the promising battery technologies for the green energy storage and electric vehicles.As one attractive cathode material for AZIBs,α-MnO2 materials exhibit superior electrochemical properties.However,their long-term reversibility is still in great suspense.Considering the decisive effect of the structure and morphology on theα-MnO2 materials,hierarchicalα-MnO2 materials would be promising to improve the cycle performance of AZIB.Here,we synthesized theα-MnO2 urchin-like microspheres(AUM)via a self-assembled method.The porous microspheres composed of one-dimensionalα-MnO2 nanofibers with high crystallinity,which improved the surface area and active sites for Zn2+intercalation.The AUM-based AZIB realized a high initial capacity of 308.0 mA hg-1,and the highest energy density was 396.7 W hkg-1.The kinetics investigation confirmed the high capacitive contribution and fast ion diffusion of the AUM.Ex-situ XRD measurement further verified the synergistic insertion/extraction of H+and Zn2+ions during the charge/discharge process.The superiority of the AUM guaranteed good electrochemical performance and reversible phase evolution,and this application would promote the follow-up research on the advanced AZIB.展开更多
In the near future,single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is expected to expand the family of popular analytical tools for single-molecule characterization.We provide a roadmap for achieving single m...In the near future,single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is expected to expand the family of popular analytical tools for single-molecule characterization.We provide a roadmap for achieving single molecule SERS through different enhancement strategies for diverse applications.We introduce some characteristic features related to single-molecule SERS,such as Raman enhancement factor,intensity fluctuation,and data analysis.We then review recent strategies for enhancing the Raman signal intensities of single molecules,including electromagnetic enhancement,chemical enhancement,and resonance enhancement strategies.To demonstrate the utility of single-molecule SERS in practical applications,we present several examples of its use in various fields,including catalysis,imaging,and nanoelectronics.Finally,we specify current challenges in the development of single-molecule SERS and propose corresponding solutions.展开更多
Dear Editor,c-Myc is highly associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and is thus a desirable drug target.Moreover,studies indicate that 5–15%of DLBCL patients h...Dear Editor,c-Myc is highly associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and is thus a desirable drug target.Moreover,studies indicate that 5–15%of DLBCL patients harbor MYC and BCL-2 translocations,while 20–35%DLBCL patients simultaneously overexpress of c-Myc and BCL-2 proteins without gene rearrangements.1 These two types of DLBCL are referred as“double-hit”lymphoma(DHL)and“double-expressor”lymphoma(DEL),respectively.Both DHL and DEL lymphomas have inferior clinical outcomes and are refractory to R-CHOP or even hematopoietic stem cell transplant.2 Thus,targeting both c-Myc and BCL-2 is a promising strategy to treat high-risk DLBCLs.3 Although BCL-2 inhibitors are clinically available,c-Myc remains to be“undruggable”owing to its lack of kinase activity and intrinsically disordered structure.4 Thus,developing clinically applicable c-Myc inhibitor remains challenging.展开更多
The stability of Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1(Ikaros),a critical hematopoietic transcription factor,can be regulated by cereblon(CRBN)ubiquitin ligase stimulated by immunomodulatory drugs in multiple myeloma.Ho...The stability of Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1(Ikaros),a critical hematopoietic transcription factor,can be regulated by cereblon(CRBN)ubiquitin ligase stimulated by immunomodulatory drugs in multiple myeloma.However,other stabilization mechanisms of Ikaros have yet to be elucidated.In this study,we show that the pharmacologic inhibition or knockdown of Hsp90 downregulates Ikaros in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells.Proteasome inhibitor MG132 but not autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could suppress the Hsp90 inhibitor STA-9090-induced reduction of Ikaros,which is accompanied with the increased ubiquitination of Ikaros.Moreover,Ikaros interacts with E3 ubiquitin-ligase C terminal Hsc70 binding protein(CHIP),which mediates the STA-9090-induced ubiquitination of Ikaros.In addition,the knockdown of Ikaros effectively inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells,but this phenomenon could be rescued by Ikaros overexpression.Collectively,our findings indicate that the interplay between HSP90 and CHIP regulates the stability of Ikaros in AML cells,which provides a novel strategy for AML treatment through targeting the HSP90/Ikaros/CHIP axis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41925006,12003075,42371383,and 42271450)。
文摘Impact craters are formed due to the high-speed collisions between small to medium-sized celestial bodies.Impact is the most significant driving force in the evolution of celestial bodies,and the impact craters provide crucial insights into the formation,evolution,and impact history of celestial bodies.In this paper,we present a detailed review of the characteristics of impact craters,impact crater remote sensing data,recognition algorithms,and applications related to impact craters.We first provide a detailed description of the geometric texture,illumination,and morphology characteristics observed in remote sensing data of craters.Then we summarize the remote sensing data and cataloging databases for the four terrestrial planets(i.e.,the Moon,Mars,Mercury,and Venus),as well as the impact craters on Ceres.Subsequently,we study the advancement achieved in the traditional methods,machine learning methods,and deep learning methods applied to the classification,segmentation,and recognition of impact craters.Furthermore,based on the analysis results,we discuss the existing challenges in impact crater recognition and suggest some solutions.Finally,we explore the implementation of impact crater detection algorithms and provide a forward-looking perspective.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0202400)the 111 Project(B16016)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702096,U1705256 and 51572080)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018ZD07 and JB2019132)。
文摘Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)are one of the promising battery technologies for the green energy storage and electric vehicles.As one attractive cathode material for AZIBs,α-MnO2 materials exhibit superior electrochemical properties.However,their long-term reversibility is still in great suspense.Considering the decisive effect of the structure and morphology on theα-MnO2 materials,hierarchicalα-MnO2 materials would be promising to improve the cycle performance of AZIB.Here,we synthesized theα-MnO2 urchin-like microspheres(AUM)via a self-assembled method.The porous microspheres composed of one-dimensionalα-MnO2 nanofibers with high crystallinity,which improved the surface area and active sites for Zn2+intercalation.The AUM-based AZIB realized a high initial capacity of 308.0 mA hg-1,and the highest energy density was 396.7 W hkg-1.The kinetics investigation confirmed the high capacitive contribution and fast ion diffusion of the AUM.Ex-situ XRD measurement further verified the synergistic insertion/extraction of H+and Zn2+ions during the charge/discharge process.The superiority of the AUM guaranteed good electrochemical performance and reversible phase evolution,and this application would promote the follow-up research on the advanced AZIB.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11434017 and 11804254)Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06C594)+8 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA 0306200)Science and Technology Projects of Jiangmen[Nos.(2017)307 and 149]Program for Innovative Research Team of Jiangmen[No.(2017)385]Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong Province(No.2016A020225009)Program for Key Basic Research of Guangdong(No.2017KZDXM083)Cooperative Education Platform of Guangdong Province[No.(2016)31]Innovative Research Team in University of Guangdong(No.2015KCXTD027)Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Applications in Guangdong Higher Education(No.2017KSYS011)2014 Leap Project Center of Education Department Key Platform Construction in Guangdong Province(No.GCZX-A1411).
文摘In the near future,single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is expected to expand the family of popular analytical tools for single-molecule characterization.We provide a roadmap for achieving single molecule SERS through different enhancement strategies for diverse applications.We introduce some characteristic features related to single-molecule SERS,such as Raman enhancement factor,intensity fluctuation,and data analysis.We then review recent strategies for enhancing the Raman signal intensities of single molecules,including electromagnetic enhancement,chemical enhancement,and resonance enhancement strategies.To demonstrate the utility of single-molecule SERS in practical applications,we present several examples of its use in various fields,including catalysis,imaging,and nanoelectronics.Finally,we specify current challenges in the development of single-molecule SERS and propose corresponding solutions.
基金supported in part by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0505200)Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai(19ZR1428700,15401901800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81700157,81570118,81700475,81870156).
文摘Dear Editor,c-Myc is highly associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and is thus a desirable drug target.Moreover,studies indicate that 5–15%of DLBCL patients harbor MYC and BCL-2 translocations,while 20–35%DLBCL patients simultaneously overexpress of c-Myc and BCL-2 proteins without gene rearrangements.1 These two types of DLBCL are referred as“double-hit”lymphoma(DHL)and“double-expressor”lymphoma(DEL),respectively.Both DHL and DEL lymphomas have inferior clinical outcomes and are refractory to R-CHOP or even hematopoietic stem cell transplant.2 Thus,targeting both c-Myc and BCL-2 is a promising strategy to treat high-risk DLBCLs.3 Although BCL-2 inhibitors are clinically available,c-Myc remains to be“undruggable”owing to its lack of kinase activity and intrinsically disordered structure.4 Thus,developing clinically applicable c-Myc inhibitor remains challenging.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0505200)Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai(19ZR1428700,20ZR1430600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81272886,81570118,81570112,81700157,81700475)。
文摘The stability of Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1(Ikaros),a critical hematopoietic transcription factor,can be regulated by cereblon(CRBN)ubiquitin ligase stimulated by immunomodulatory drugs in multiple myeloma.However,other stabilization mechanisms of Ikaros have yet to be elucidated.In this study,we show that the pharmacologic inhibition or knockdown of Hsp90 downregulates Ikaros in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells.Proteasome inhibitor MG132 but not autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could suppress the Hsp90 inhibitor STA-9090-induced reduction of Ikaros,which is accompanied with the increased ubiquitination of Ikaros.Moreover,Ikaros interacts with E3 ubiquitin-ligase C terminal Hsc70 binding protein(CHIP),which mediates the STA-9090-induced ubiquitination of Ikaros.In addition,the knockdown of Ikaros effectively inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells,but this phenomenon could be rescued by Ikaros overexpression.Collectively,our findings indicate that the interplay between HSP90 and CHIP regulates the stability of Ikaros in AML cells,which provides a novel strategy for AML treatment through targeting the HSP90/Ikaros/CHIP axis.
