Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a considerable factor limiting crop yield and biomass in acidic soil. Tartary buckwheatgrowing in acidic soil may suffer from Al poisoning. Here, we investigated the influence of Al stress on...Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a considerable factor limiting crop yield and biomass in acidic soil. Tartary buckwheatgrowing in acidic soil may suffer from Al poisoning. Here, we investigated the influence of Al stress on the growthof tartary buckwheat seedling roots, and the alleviation of Al stress by silicon (Si), as has been demonstrated inmany crops. Under Al stress, root growth (total root length, primary root length, root tips, root surface area, androot volume) was significantly inhibited, and Al and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated in the root tips. At thesame time, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase activities, polyphenols, flavonoids, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free-radical scavenging abilitywere significantly decreased. After the application of Si, root growth, Al accumulation, and oxidative damage wereimproved. Compared to Al-treated seedlings, the contents of ·O2− and MDA decreased by 29.39% and 25.22%,respectively. This was associated with Si-induced increases in peroxidase and CAT enzyme activity, flavonoidcompounds, and free-radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS). The application of Si therefore has positive effectson Al toxicity in tartary buckwheat roots by reducing Al accumulation in the roots and maintaining oxidationhomeostasis.展开更多
The elements of network profile are proposed.Based on the network traffic distribution model,the network profile includes the application request rate,the branch transfer probability,the ratio of application requests,...The elements of network profile are proposed.Based on the network traffic distribution model,the network profile includes the application request rate,the branch transfer probability,the ratio of application requests,and the probability distribution of the requested objects.Based on the evaluation method of network performance reliability,four simulation cases are constructed in OPNET software,and the results show the four elements of profile have impacts on the network reliability.展开更多
The traction motor is the power source of the locomotive.If the surface waviness occurs on the races of the motor bearing,it will cause abnormal vibration and noise,accelerate fatigue and wear,and seriously affect the...The traction motor is the power source of the locomotive.If the surface waviness occurs on the races of the motor bearing,it will cause abnormal vibration and noise,accelerate fatigue and wear,and seriously affect the stability and safety of the traction power transmission.In this paper,an excitation model coupling the time-varying displacement and contact stiffness excitations is adopted to investigate the effect of the surface waviness of the motor bearing on the traction motor under the excitation from the locomotive-track coupled system.The detailed mechanical power transmission path and the internal/external excitations(e.g.,wheel–rail interaction,gear mesh,and internal interactions of the rolling bearing)of the locomotive are comprehensively considered to provide accurate dynamic loads for the traction motor.Effects of the wavenumber and amplitude of the surface waviness on the traction motor and its neighbor components of the locomotive are investigated.The results indicate that controlling the amplitude of the waviness and avoiding the wavenumber being an integer multiple of the number of the rollers are helpful for reducing the abnormal vibration and noise of the traction motor.展开更多
Objective:O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)promoter methylation is a biomarker widely used to predict the sensitivity of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma to temozolomide therapy.Given that the IDH status has criti...Objective:O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)promoter methylation is a biomarker widely used to predict the sensitivity of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma to temozolomide therapy.Given that the IDH status has critical effects on the survival and epigenetic features of glioblastoma,we aimed to assess the role of MGMT promoter methylation in IDH-mutant glioblastoma.Methods:This study included 187 IDH-mutant glioblastomas and used 173 IDH-wildtype glioblastomas for comparison.KaplanMeier curves and multivariate Cox regression were used to study the predictive effects.Results:Compared with IDH-wildtype glioblastomas,IDH-mutant glioblastomas showed significantly higher(P<0.0001)MGMT promoter methylation.We demonstrated that MGMT promoter methylation status,as determined by a high cutoff value(≥30%)in pyrosequencing,could be used to significantly stratify the survival of 50 IDH-mutant glioblastomas receiving temozolomide therapy(cohort A);this result was validated in another cohort of 25 IDH-mutant glioblastomas(cohort B).The median progression-free survival and median overall survival in cohort A were 9.33 and 13.76 months for unmethylated cases,and 18.37 and 41.61 months for methylated cases,and in cohort B were 6.97 and 9.10 months for unmethylated cases,and 23.40 and 26.40 months for methylated cases.In addition,we confirmed that the MGMT promoter methylation was significantly(P=0.0001)correlated with longer OS in IDH-mutant patients with GBM,independently of age,gender distribution,tumor type(primary or recurrent/secondary),and the extent of resection.Conclusions:MGMT promoter methylation has predictive value in IDH-mutant glioblastoma,but its cutoff value should be higher than that for IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.展开更多
<正>BACKGROUND:We have previously reported that adult enteric glia(EG) facilitate the growth of transected dorsal root axons into the uninjured spinal cord to form functional connections with their targets. OBJE...<正>BACKGROUND:We have previously reported that adult enteric glia(EG) facilitate the growth of transected dorsal root axons into the uninjured spinal cord to form functional connections with their targets. OBJECTIVE:The present study investigated the effects of EG on spinal cord function,tissue injury, and axonal regeneration following transplantation into injured rat spinal cords,according to histological and functional outcomes. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at McMaster University,Canada from January 2006 to March 2008. MATERIALS:EG were isolated from rat intestine. METHODS:One week following spinal cord crush,female Wistar rats were injected with an EG suspension(2μL,1×10~5/μL,n=10) or with the same volume of fresh culture medium alone(control animals,n=11).The third group did not receive any injection following laminectomy and served as the sham-operated controls(n=5). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Behavior was tested prior to transplantation and weekly following transplantation,with nine behavioral examinations in total.Open field,hind limb placement response, foot orientation response,and inclined plane test were utilized.Immediately following the final behavioral examination,spinal cord T_9 to L_1 segments were harvested for immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine astroglial scarring,axonal regeneration and spinal cord lesion size. RESULTS:Rats with EG transplantation exhibited significantly better locomotor function with reduced tissue damage,compared with the control rats.Cystic cavities were present 2 months after injury in spinal cords from both control groups.In contrast,rats injected with EG did not present with cystic lesions.In addition,the injury site consisted of cellular material and nerve fibers,and axonal regeneration was apparent,with dense labeling of neurofilament-positive axons within the injury site. Moreover,regenerating axons were intimately associated with transplanted EG CONCLUSION:These data indicated that EG enhanced functional improvement,which was associated with reduced tissue damage and axonal regeneration following transplantation into injured spinal cords.展开更多
A (2 + 1) dimensional KdV-mKdV equation is proposed and integrability in the sense of Painlevé and some exact solutions are discussed. The B?cklund transformation and bilinear equations are obtained through Painl...A (2 + 1) dimensional KdV-mKdV equation is proposed and integrability in the sense of Painlevé and some exact solutions are discussed. The B?cklund transformation and bilinear equations are obtained through Painlevé analysis. Some exact solutions are deduced by Hirota method and generalized Wronskian method.展开更多
The locomotive traction motor is described as a rotor-bearing system coupling the kinetic equations of the traction shaft and its support bearings with the determination of their elastic deformations in this study.Und...The locomotive traction motor is described as a rotor-bearing system coupling the kinetic equations of the traction shaft and its support bearings with the determination of their elastic deformations in this study.Under the effect of excitations induced by the dynamic rotor eccentric distance and time-varying mesh stiffness,the elastic structure deformations of the shaft and support bearings are formulated in the vibration environment of the locomotive.In addition,the nonlinear contact forces between the components of the rolling bearing,the lubricating oil film,and radial clearance are comprehensively considered in this study.The results indicate that the elastic deformations of the shaft and bearings can change the dynamic responses of the traction motor and its support bearings.There are large differences between the ranges of the rotor motion calculated by the rigid and the flexible traction motor models when the intensified wheel-rail interaction is considered.With the increase of the rotor eccentricity,the results underscore the role of the elasticity of traction shaft and support bearings in dynamic researches of the traction motor.The critical value of the initial eccentric distance for the rub-impact phenomenon decreases from 1.23 mm to 1.15 mm considering the flexible effect of the shaft and bearings.This dynamics model of the traction motor can provide more accurate and reasonable simulation results for correlational dynamic researches.展开更多
A facile synthesis of Ag nanocrystals encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon fiber(NCF)is proposed,based on the simultaneous reaction between pyrrole and Ag^(+)ions in an aqueous solvent followed by a heat treatment.Th...A facile synthesis of Ag nanocrystals encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon fiber(NCF)is proposed,based on the simultaneous reaction between pyrrole and Ag^(+)ions in an aqueous solvent followed by a heat treatment.The as-prepared Ag/NCF demonstrated superior catalytic behavior toward ORR and OER.Besides improved cycling stability,a much lower discharge/charge gap of 0.89 V(vs Li/Li^(+))compared with 1.38 V for NCF cathode with a fixed capacity of 500 m Ah g^(-1)was obtained in lithium oxygen batteries.The introduction of Ag crystals into NCF facilitates the oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.X-ray diffraction analysis coupled with Raman spectroscopy confirmed that Ag/NCF cathode could reversibly catalyze Li_(2)O_(2)formation and decomposition.The NCF matrix offers a conductive network to realize rapid mass transfer and the encapsulated Ag nanocrystals supplied effective catalytic active sites.The combined action between both contributes to the superior electrocatalytic performance.展开更多
A new lattice hierarchy related to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proposed and its gauge equivalence to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proven. As an application of gauge transformation, we construct Darboux transformation (DT) of t...A new lattice hierarchy related to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proposed and its gauge equivalence to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proven. As an application of gauge transformation, we construct Darboux transformation (DT) of this new equation through DT of Ragnisco-Tu equation. An explicit exact solution is presented as an example.展开更多
ENSO-driven extreme weather events such as droughts and floods can cause significant damage to agricultural production and different intensities of ENSO events make uncertain changes to rural residents'welfare in ...ENSO-driven extreme weather events such as droughts and floods can cause significant damage to agricultural production and different intensities of ENSO events make uncertain changes to rural residents'welfare in different regions.To emphasize this uncertainty,the stochastic CGE model is constructed by imbedding a stochastic parameter into the production module to analyze the impacts of ENSO on the welfare of rural residents in various regions of China and the volatility of uncertain ENSO events on the welfare of residents.The role of agricultural technology in improving welfare stability and transfer payments in reducing welfare losses from ENSO are also examined.The results show that weak ENSO events have little effect on the welfare of rural residents while strong ENSO events cause the welfare of rural residents a significant decline,and the largest decrease appears separately in the southwest region and the smallest one in the northeast.The uncertainty of ENSO events seriously affects the stability of the welfare of the residents,with the average fluctuation level of 200%in the change of the rural residents'welfare in all regions under El Ni o.Technically improving the anti-risk ability of agriculture can effectively reduce the fluctuation of residents'welfare.Besides,if the government increases the transfer payment to the rural resident for disaster relief,the welfare would increase,and the higher the payment,the greater the improvement of the welfare.展开更多
The three important historical development stages of China from"standing up","getting rich"to"becoming strong"were analyzed deeply.Regional coordinated development policies and strategies...The three important historical development stages of China from"standing up","getting rich"to"becoming strong"were analyzed deeply.Regional coordinated development policies and strategies have also gone through the"enlightenment stage","development stage"and"mature stage".On this basis,the problems of the coordination of China s regional coordinated development and joint prevention and control for environmental protection in the new era,as well as suggestions for the next step were further analyzed.展开更多
Portable power is an effective solution to realize self-powered sensors for wearable devices,promoting future sustainable development.Membrane-based triboelectric nanogenerators(M-TENGs)have emerged as a promising tec...Portable power is an effective solution to realize self-powered sensors for wearable devices,promoting future sustainable development.Membrane-based triboelectric nanogenerators(M-TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology for harvesting biomechanical energy from human motion owing to their advantages,such as simple structure,lightweight design,and efficient energy conversion.However,the poor durability,low adaptability,and un-washability of two-dimensional membrane materials have largely hindered their application in wearable electronics.In this study,we propose a sheath-core polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)/graphene(G)-carbon fiber(CF)yarn fabricated via conjugate electrospinning,comprising a commercial CF core and an electrospun graphene-doped PVDF sheath,which improves the fatigue resistance of electrospun nanofiber films under prolonged friction and keeps a high degree of freedom.The resulting electronic textile,woven with the large-scale electrospun PVDF/G-CF yarn,demonstrates a remarkable power density of 25.5 mW·m^(-2).The tight distribution of PVDF/G nanofibers on the textile surface ensures excellent softness,washability,and durability.Furthermore,the electrospun PVDF/G-CF textile exhibits significant potential in pressure sensing,self-powered operation,and motion detection,making it highly suitable for wearable electronics applications.展开更多
Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time...Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time resolution(SPTR)<100 ps,and dark count rate(DCR)<150 kcps/mm^(2).To enable single-photon time stamping,digital electronics and sensitive microcells need to be integrated in the same CMOS substrate,with a readout frame rate higher than 5 MHz for arrays extending over a total area up to 4 mm×4 mm.This is challenging due to the increasing doping concentrations at low CMOS scales,deep-level carrier generation in shallow trench isolation fabrication,and power consumption,among others.The advances at 350 and 110 nm CMOS nodes are benchmarked against available Si PMs obtained in CMOS and commercial customized technologies.The concept of digital multithreshold Si PMs with a single microcell readout is finally reported,proposing a possible direction toward fully digital scintillator-based radiation detectors.展开更多
In order to realize the sulfur and water resistance and facilitate the CO oxidation reactions,the effects of strain on the adsorption of CO,O_(2),SO_(2)and H_(2)O molecules on Ni single-atom-catalyst supported by sing...In order to realize the sulfur and water resistance and facilitate the CO oxidation reactions,the effects of strain on the adsorption of CO,O_(2),SO_(2)and H_(2)O molecules on Ni single-atom-catalyst supported by single-carbon-vacancy graphene(Ni-SG) have been studied based on first principles calculations.It shows that the compressive strain increases the adsorption energies of all above mentioned molecules on Ni-SG,where SO_(2)is adsorbed more strongly on Ni-SG than CO.However,in the presence of tensile strain,the adsorption energies decreases significantly when the molecules(O_(2)and SO_(2)) obtain electrons from NiSG,while the adsorption energies just slightly decrease when the molecules(CO and H_(2)O) lose electrons to Ni-SG,which finally achieves the preferential adsorption of CO and O_(2)molecules on Ni-SG by tensile strain.In addition,with tensile strain increasing to 10%,the rate-limited energy barrier along Eley-Rideal(ER) path monotonically increases from 0.77 eV to 0.98 eV,while the rate-limited energy barrier along Langmuir-Hinshelwood(LH) path monotonically decreases from 0.54 eV to 0.44 eV,indicating that the tensile strain can facilitate the LH mechanism while imped the ER mechanism on Ni-SG.The Hirshfeld charge and orbital levels of O_(2)and CO molecules are modulated by the tensile strain,which plays an important role for the decreasing of energy barriers for CO oxidation.Overall,the tensile strain can enhance the sulfur and water resistance of Ni-SG,as well as boost the CO oxidation reactions.展开更多
To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the...To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the feasibility of migrating training samples collected from Landsat MSS data across time and space.We migrated training samples collected for Washington,D.C.in 1979 to classify the city’s land covers in 1982 and 1984.The classifier trained with Washington,D.C.’s samples were used in classifying Boston’s and Tokyo’s land covers.The results showed that the overall accuracies achieved using migrated samples in 1982(66.67%)and 1984(65.67%)for Washington,D.C.were comparable to that of 1979(68.67%)using a random forest classifier.Migration of training samples between cities in the same urban ecoregion,i.e.Washington,D.C.,and Boston,achieved higher overall accuracy(59.33%)than cities in the different ecoregions(Tokyo,50.33%).We concluded that migrating training samples across time and space in the same urban ecoregion are feasible.Ourfindings can contribute to using Landsat MSS data to reveal the historical urbanization pattern on a global scale.展开更多
Viral infection in respiratory tract usually leads to cell death,impairing respiratory function to cause severe disease.However,the diversity of clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the complexity...Viral infection in respiratory tract usually leads to cell death,impairing respiratory function to cause severe disease.However,the diversity of clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the complexity and difficulty of viral infection prevention,and especially the high-frequency asymptomatic infection increases the risk of virus transmission.Studying how SARS-CoV-2 affects apoptotic pathway may help to understand the pathological process of its infection.Here,we uncovered SARS-CoV-2 imployed a distinct anti-apoptotic mechanism via its N protein.We found SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles(trVLP)suppressed cell apoptosis,but the trVLP lacking N protein didn’t.Further study verified that N protein repressed cell apoptosis in cultured cells,human lung organoids and mice.Mechanistically,N protein specifically interacted with anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1,and recruited a deubiquitinating enzyme USP15 to remove the K63-linked ubiquitination of MCL-1,which stabilized this protein and promoted it to hijack Bak in mitochondria.Importantly,N protein promoted the replications of IAV,DENV and ZIKV,and exacerbated death of IAV-infected mice,all of which could be blocked by a MCL-1 specific inhibitor,S63845.Altogether,we identifed a distinct anti-apoptotic function of the N protein,through which it promoted viral replication.These may explain how SARS-CoV-2 effectively replicates in asymptomatic individuals without cuasing respiratory dysfunction,and indicate a risk of enhanced coinfection with other viruses.We anticipate that abrogating the N/MCL-1-dominated apoptosis repression is conducive to the treatments of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as coinfections with other viruses.展开更多
Recent studies have shown the in vitro neuro-protective functions of atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)against multiple pathological injuries during ischaemic stroke(IS).However,whether APP treatment exerts a therapeuti...Recent studies have shown the in vitro neuro-protective functions of atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)against multiple pathological injuries during ischaemic stroke(IS).However,whether APP treatment exerts a therapeutic effect on a rat IS model remains unclear.Here,on the basis of needle-to-ring dielectric barrier discharge,an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ)was designed,with the Helium as the working gas which was driven by a sinusoidal voltage.Then,the treatment conditions were optimised for IS rat model treatment and the characteristics of this APPJ were further diagnosed.Subsequently,the rat IS model was established through 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),and plasma was intermittently inhaled by rats via the nasal cavity for a 2 min period at 60 min of MCAO process.The therapeutic effects of this plasma jet device were then evaluated using biomedical analyses.According to our results,intermittent APP inhalation in the MCAO rats increased the serum NO content,improved the neurological function,enhanced regional cerebral blood flow,lowered brain infarction,and reduced the cell apoptosis in brain tissues of MCAO rats.Collectively,our data provides a novel potential strategy for IS treatment by using atmospheric-pressure plasma inhalation.展开更多
基金Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2022YFQ0041,2022NSFSC1725,2023NSFSC0214)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-07-B-1)+2 种基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160428)Innovative Training Program for College Students(202311079040,S202311079112,CDUCX2023550)Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of Chengdu University(cdjgb2022186).
文摘Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a considerable factor limiting crop yield and biomass in acidic soil. Tartary buckwheatgrowing in acidic soil may suffer from Al poisoning. Here, we investigated the influence of Al stress on the growthof tartary buckwheat seedling roots, and the alleviation of Al stress by silicon (Si), as has been demonstrated inmany crops. Under Al stress, root growth (total root length, primary root length, root tips, root surface area, androot volume) was significantly inhibited, and Al and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated in the root tips. At thesame time, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase activities, polyphenols, flavonoids, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free-radical scavenging abilitywere significantly decreased. After the application of Si, root growth, Al accumulation, and oxidative damage wereimproved. Compared to Al-treated seedlings, the contents of ·O2− and MDA decreased by 29.39% and 25.22%,respectively. This was associated with Si-induced increases in peroxidase and CAT enzyme activity, flavonoidcompounds, and free-radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS). The application of Si therefore has positive effectson Al toxicity in tartary buckwheat roots by reducing Al accumulation in the roots and maintaining oxidationhomeostasis.
文摘The elements of network profile are proposed.Based on the network traffic distribution model,the network profile includes the application request rate,the branch transfer probability,the ratio of application requests,and the probability distribution of the requested objects.Based on the evaluation method of network performance reliability,four simulation cases are constructed in OPNET software,and the results show the four elements of profile have impacts on the network reliability.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52022083,51775453,and 51735012).
文摘The traction motor is the power source of the locomotive.If the surface waviness occurs on the races of the motor bearing,it will cause abnormal vibration and noise,accelerate fatigue and wear,and seriously affect the stability and safety of the traction power transmission.In this paper,an excitation model coupling the time-varying displacement and contact stiffness excitations is adopted to investigate the effect of the surface waviness of the motor bearing on the traction motor under the excitation from the locomotive-track coupled system.The detailed mechanical power transmission path and the internal/external excitations(e.g.,wheel–rail interaction,gear mesh,and internal interactions of the rolling bearing)of the locomotive are comprehensively considered to provide accurate dynamic loads for the traction motor.Effects of the wavenumber and amplitude of the surface waviness on the traction motor and its neighbor components of the locomotive are investigated.The results indicate that controlling the amplitude of the waviness and avoiding the wavenumber being an integer multiple of the number of the rollers are helpful for reducing the abnormal vibration and noise of the traction motor.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81903078 and 81773208)the Beijing Nova Program(Grant No.Z201100006820118)+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0115604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)/Research Grants Council(RGC)Joint Research Scheme(Grant No.81761168038)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’Mission Plan(Grant No.SML20180501)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Grant No.2019-I2M-5-021)the Public Welfare Development and Reform Pilot Project of the Beijing Medical Research Institute(Grant No.JYY 2019-5)。
文摘Objective:O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)promoter methylation is a biomarker widely used to predict the sensitivity of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma to temozolomide therapy.Given that the IDH status has critical effects on the survival and epigenetic features of glioblastoma,we aimed to assess the role of MGMT promoter methylation in IDH-mutant glioblastoma.Methods:This study included 187 IDH-mutant glioblastomas and used 173 IDH-wildtype glioblastomas for comparison.KaplanMeier curves and multivariate Cox regression were used to study the predictive effects.Results:Compared with IDH-wildtype glioblastomas,IDH-mutant glioblastomas showed significantly higher(P<0.0001)MGMT promoter methylation.We demonstrated that MGMT promoter methylation status,as determined by a high cutoff value(≥30%)in pyrosequencing,could be used to significantly stratify the survival of 50 IDH-mutant glioblastomas receiving temozolomide therapy(cohort A);this result was validated in another cohort of 25 IDH-mutant glioblastomas(cohort B).The median progression-free survival and median overall survival in cohort A were 9.33 and 13.76 months for unmethylated cases,and 18.37 and 41.61 months for methylated cases,and in cohort B were 6.97 and 9.10 months for unmethylated cases,and 23.40 and 26.40 months for methylated cases.In addition,we confirmed that the MGMT promoter methylation was significantly(P=0.0001)correlated with longer OS in IDH-mutant patients with GBM,independently of age,gender distribution,tumor type(primary or recurrent/secondary),and the extent of resection.Conclusions:MGMT promoter methylation has predictive value in IDH-mutant glioblastoma,but its cutoff value should be higher than that for IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.
基金Neurological Technologies and Canadian Spinal Research Organization
文摘<正>BACKGROUND:We have previously reported that adult enteric glia(EG) facilitate the growth of transected dorsal root axons into the uninjured spinal cord to form functional connections with their targets. OBJECTIVE:The present study investigated the effects of EG on spinal cord function,tissue injury, and axonal regeneration following transplantation into injured rat spinal cords,according to histological and functional outcomes. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at McMaster University,Canada from January 2006 to March 2008. MATERIALS:EG were isolated from rat intestine. METHODS:One week following spinal cord crush,female Wistar rats were injected with an EG suspension(2μL,1×10~5/μL,n=10) or with the same volume of fresh culture medium alone(control animals,n=11).The third group did not receive any injection following laminectomy and served as the sham-operated controls(n=5). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Behavior was tested prior to transplantation and weekly following transplantation,with nine behavioral examinations in total.Open field,hind limb placement response, foot orientation response,and inclined plane test were utilized.Immediately following the final behavioral examination,spinal cord T_9 to L_1 segments were harvested for immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine astroglial scarring,axonal regeneration and spinal cord lesion size. RESULTS:Rats with EG transplantation exhibited significantly better locomotor function with reduced tissue damage,compared with the control rats.Cystic cavities were present 2 months after injury in spinal cords from both control groups.In contrast,rats injected with EG did not present with cystic lesions.In addition,the injury site consisted of cellular material and nerve fibers,and axonal regeneration was apparent,with dense labeling of neurofilament-positive axons within the injury site. Moreover,regenerating axons were intimately associated with transplanted EG CONCLUSION:These data indicated that EG enhanced functional improvement,which was associated with reduced tissue damage and axonal regeneration following transplantation into injured spinal cords.
基金Supplementary information is linked to the online version of the paper on the Cell Research website.Acknowledgments We thank Prof Jian Wang （Shanghai University, Shanghai） for his valuable revision and discussion. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30700411）, Shenzhen Bureau of Science Technology and Information （SZKJ-2006018, SZKJ-2007012）, Shenzhen Nanshan Bureau of Science Technology and Information （2008036） and Shenzhen Key Laboratory Advancement Scheme.
基金supported by Chinese National Social Science Foundation(Grant Number:CNSSF:13CJY037)Research on the indemnificatory Apartment Construction Based on Residential Integration.
文摘A (2 + 1) dimensional KdV-mKdV equation is proposed and integrability in the sense of Painlevé and some exact solutions are discussed. The B?cklund transformation and bilinear equations are obtained through Painlevé analysis. Some exact solutions are deduced by Hirota method and generalized Wronskian method.
基金The authors gratefully thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51308070, 51408070, and 51378080）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2015CB057702）, the Key Discipline Fund of Creative Project of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering （13ZDXK04） from the Changsha University of Science and Technology, the Open Fund of the Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Bridge Engineering （13KA04）, and the Applied Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province for their support,
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52022083,51775453,and 51735012).
文摘The locomotive traction motor is described as a rotor-bearing system coupling the kinetic equations of the traction shaft and its support bearings with the determination of their elastic deformations in this study.Under the effect of excitations induced by the dynamic rotor eccentric distance and time-varying mesh stiffness,the elastic structure deformations of the shaft and support bearings are formulated in the vibration environment of the locomotive.In addition,the nonlinear contact forces between the components of the rolling bearing,the lubricating oil film,and radial clearance are comprehensively considered in this study.The results indicate that the elastic deformations of the shaft and bearings can change the dynamic responses of the traction motor and its support bearings.There are large differences between the ranges of the rotor motion calculated by the rigid and the flexible traction motor models when the intensified wheel-rail interaction is considered.With the increase of the rotor eccentricity,the results underscore the role of the elasticity of traction shaft and support bearings in dynamic researches of the traction motor.The critical value of the initial eccentric distance for the rub-impact phenomenon decreases from 1.23 mm to 1.15 mm considering the flexible effect of the shaft and bearings.This dynamics model of the traction motor can provide more accurate and reasonable simulation results for correlational dynamic researches.
基金financial support from an Australian Research Council(ARC)Discovery Project(DP180101453)The Distinguished Young Scientists Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51425301)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002171,No.52002050)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200696,No.BK20200768,No.20KJB430019)are greatly appreciated
文摘A facile synthesis of Ag nanocrystals encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon fiber(NCF)is proposed,based on the simultaneous reaction between pyrrole and Ag^(+)ions in an aqueous solvent followed by a heat treatment.The as-prepared Ag/NCF demonstrated superior catalytic behavior toward ORR and OER.Besides improved cycling stability,a much lower discharge/charge gap of 0.89 V(vs Li/Li^(+))compared with 1.38 V for NCF cathode with a fixed capacity of 500 m Ah g^(-1)was obtained in lithium oxygen batteries.The introduction of Ag crystals into NCF facilitates the oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.X-ray diffraction analysis coupled with Raman spectroscopy confirmed that Ag/NCF cathode could reversibly catalyze Li_(2)O_(2)formation and decomposition.The NCF matrix offers a conductive network to realize rapid mass transfer and the encapsulated Ag nanocrystals supplied effective catalytic active sites.The combined action between both contributes to the superior electrocatalytic performance.
文摘A new lattice hierarchy related to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proposed and its gauge equivalence to Ragnisco-Tu equation is proven. As an application of gauge transformation, we construct Darboux transformation (DT) of this new equation through DT of Ragnisco-Tu equation. An explicit exact solution is presented as an example.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:Randomization Improvement of CGE Model Based on the Perspective of Bearing Capacity of Water Environment and Optimization of Applicable Tax Amount for Water Pollutants(71864027)National Natural Science Foundation of China:Research on Impact Path and Space-time Simulation Evaluation of Carbon Trading Mechanism on Ecological Efficiency of High Energy-consuming Industries(72263025)+2 种基金Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project:Research on the Selection Mechanism of Optimal Tax Rate in Environmental Protection Tax Areas:Based on the Perspective of General Equilibrium(2019LH07004)Humanities and Social Sciences Project of the Ministry of Education:Research on the Optimization Mechanism of Regional Fixed Tax Rates of Environmental Protection Taxation:A General Equilibrium Analysis Based on Environmental Self-Purification Ability and Economic Activity(19YJA790023)Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project:Research on the Evaluation Mechanism and Uncertainty of Economic Loss of Sand and Dust Disasters Based on Stochastic CGE Model(2020LH07001).
文摘ENSO-driven extreme weather events such as droughts and floods can cause significant damage to agricultural production and different intensities of ENSO events make uncertain changes to rural residents'welfare in different regions.To emphasize this uncertainty,the stochastic CGE model is constructed by imbedding a stochastic parameter into the production module to analyze the impacts of ENSO on the welfare of rural residents in various regions of China and the volatility of uncertain ENSO events on the welfare of residents.The role of agricultural technology in improving welfare stability and transfer payments in reducing welfare losses from ENSO are also examined.The results show that weak ENSO events have little effect on the welfare of rural residents while strong ENSO events cause the welfare of rural residents a significant decline,and the largest decrease appears separately in the southwest region and the smallest one in the northeast.The uncertainty of ENSO events seriously affects the stability of the welfare of the residents,with the average fluctuation level of 200%in the change of the rural residents'welfare in all regions under El Ni o.Technically improving the anti-risk ability of agriculture can effectively reduce the fluctuation of residents'welfare.Besides,if the government increases the transfer payment to the rural resident for disaster relief,the welfare would increase,and the higher the payment,the greater the improvement of the welfare.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Plan(2016YFC0208102)Special Project for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Jiangsu Province(BA2020001)Special Project for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution from Fixed Sources of Ministry of Ecology and Environment,China in 2020(2020A060).
文摘The three important historical development stages of China from"standing up","getting rich"to"becoming strong"were analyzed deeply.Regional coordinated development policies and strategies have also gone through the"enlightenment stage","development stage"and"mature stage".On this basis,the problems of the coordination of China s regional coordinated development and joint prevention and control for environmental protection in the new era,as well as suggestions for the next step were further analyzed.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173059)China National Textile and Apparel Council Science and Technology Guidance Project(No.2020116)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(No.21KJA540002)the Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System(No.2023LOTDS011).
文摘Portable power is an effective solution to realize self-powered sensors for wearable devices,promoting future sustainable development.Membrane-based triboelectric nanogenerators(M-TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology for harvesting biomechanical energy from human motion owing to their advantages,such as simple structure,lightweight design,and efficient energy conversion.However,the poor durability,low adaptability,and un-washability of two-dimensional membrane materials have largely hindered their application in wearable electronics.In this study,we propose a sheath-core polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)/graphene(G)-carbon fiber(CF)yarn fabricated via conjugate electrospinning,comprising a commercial CF core and an electrospun graphene-doped PVDF sheath,which improves the fatigue resistance of electrospun nanofiber films under prolonged friction and keeps a high degree of freedom.The resulting electronic textile,woven with the large-scale electrospun PVDF/G-CF yarn,demonstrates a remarkable power density of 25.5 mW·m^(-2).The tight distribution of PVDF/G nanofibers on the textile surface ensures excellent softness,washability,and durability.Furthermore,the electrospun PVDF/G-CF textile exhibits significant potential in pressure sensing,self-powered operation,and motion detection,making it highly suitable for wearable electronics applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62250002,62027808,and 62027801)the Sino-German Mobility Programme(No.M-0387)。
文摘Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time resolution(SPTR)<100 ps,and dark count rate(DCR)<150 kcps/mm^(2).To enable single-photon time stamping,digital electronics and sensitive microcells need to be integrated in the same CMOS substrate,with a readout frame rate higher than 5 MHz for arrays extending over a total area up to 4 mm×4 mm.This is challenging due to the increasing doping concentrations at low CMOS scales,deep-level carrier generation in shallow trench isolation fabrication,and power consumption,among others.The advances at 350 and 110 nm CMOS nodes are benchmarked against available Si PMs obtained in CMOS and commercial customized technologies.The concept of digital multithreshold Si PMs with a single microcell readout is finally reported,proposing a possible direction toward fully digital scintillator-based radiation detectors.
基金support by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. B210202099)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21703052, 22176041, 21777033)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2017B020216003)。
文摘In order to realize the sulfur and water resistance and facilitate the CO oxidation reactions,the effects of strain on the adsorption of CO,O_(2),SO_(2)and H_(2)O molecules on Ni single-atom-catalyst supported by single-carbon-vacancy graphene(Ni-SG) have been studied based on first principles calculations.It shows that the compressive strain increases the adsorption energies of all above mentioned molecules on Ni-SG,where SO_(2)is adsorbed more strongly on Ni-SG than CO.However,in the presence of tensile strain,the adsorption energies decreases significantly when the molecules(O_(2)and SO_(2)) obtain electrons from NiSG,while the adsorption energies just slightly decrease when the molecules(CO and H_(2)O) lose electrons to Ni-SG,which finally achieves the preferential adsorption of CO and O_(2)molecules on Ni-SG by tensile strain.In addition,with tensile strain increasing to 10%,the rate-limited energy barrier along Eley-Rideal(ER) path monotonically increases from 0.77 eV to 0.98 eV,while the rate-limited energy barrier along Langmuir-Hinshelwood(LH) path monotonically decreases from 0.54 eV to 0.44 eV,indicating that the tensile strain can facilitate the LH mechanism while imped the ER mechanism on Ni-SG.The Hirshfeld charge and orbital levels of O_(2)and CO molecules are modulated by the tensile strain,which plays an important role for the decreasing of energy barriers for CO oxidation.Overall,the tensile strain can enhance the sulfur and water resistance of Ni-SG,as well as boost the CO oxidation reactions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2019YFA0607201].
文摘To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the feasibility of migrating training samples collected from Landsat MSS data across time and space.We migrated training samples collected for Washington,D.C.in 1979 to classify the city’s land covers in 1982 and 1984.The classifier trained with Washington,D.C.’s samples were used in classifying Boston’s and Tokyo’s land covers.The results showed that the overall accuracies achieved using migrated samples in 1982(66.67%)and 1984(65.67%)for Washington,D.C.were comparable to that of 1979(68.67%)using a random forest classifier.Migration of training samples between cities in the same urban ecoregion,i.e.Washington,D.C.,and Boston,achieved higher overall accuracy(59.33%)than cities in the different ecoregions(Tokyo,50.33%).We concluded that migrating training samples across time and space in the same urban ecoregion are feasible.Ourfindings can contribute to using Landsat MSS data to reveal the historical urbanization pattern on a global scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81730061 to J.W.,82072834 to X.C.,32100697 to L.Z.and 32200117 to P.P.)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M683177 to P.P.,2020T130046ZX to P.P.)+2 种基金Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Virology of China(2021KF003 to P.P.)Open Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology(2022KF003 to P.P.)R&D Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(SRPG22-006 to Q.Z.)。
文摘Viral infection in respiratory tract usually leads to cell death,impairing respiratory function to cause severe disease.However,the diversity of clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the complexity and difficulty of viral infection prevention,and especially the high-frequency asymptomatic infection increases the risk of virus transmission.Studying how SARS-CoV-2 affects apoptotic pathway may help to understand the pathological process of its infection.Here,we uncovered SARS-CoV-2 imployed a distinct anti-apoptotic mechanism via its N protein.We found SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles(trVLP)suppressed cell apoptosis,but the trVLP lacking N protein didn’t.Further study verified that N protein repressed cell apoptosis in cultured cells,human lung organoids and mice.Mechanistically,N protein specifically interacted with anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1,and recruited a deubiquitinating enzyme USP15 to remove the K63-linked ubiquitination of MCL-1,which stabilized this protein and promoted it to hijack Bak in mitochondria.Importantly,N protein promoted the replications of IAV,DENV and ZIKV,and exacerbated death of IAV-infected mice,all of which could be blocked by a MCL-1 specific inhibitor,S63845.Altogether,we identifed a distinct anti-apoptotic function of the N protein,through which it promoted viral replication.These may explain how SARS-CoV-2 effectively replicates in asymptomatic individuals without cuasing respiratory dysfunction,and indicate a risk of enhanced coinfection with other viruses.We anticipate that abrogating the N/MCL-1-dominated apoptosis repression is conducive to the treatments of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as coinfections with other viruses.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52077006,51707012,81801159。
文摘Recent studies have shown the in vitro neuro-protective functions of atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)against multiple pathological injuries during ischaemic stroke(IS).However,whether APP treatment exerts a therapeutic effect on a rat IS model remains unclear.Here,on the basis of needle-to-ring dielectric barrier discharge,an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ)was designed,with the Helium as the working gas which was driven by a sinusoidal voltage.Then,the treatment conditions were optimised for IS rat model treatment and the characteristics of this APPJ were further diagnosed.Subsequently,the rat IS model was established through 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),and plasma was intermittently inhaled by rats via the nasal cavity for a 2 min period at 60 min of MCAO process.The therapeutic effects of this plasma jet device were then evaluated using biomedical analyses.According to our results,intermittent APP inhalation in the MCAO rats increased the serum NO content,improved the neurological function,enhanced regional cerebral blood flow,lowered brain infarction,and reduced the cell apoptosis in brain tissues of MCAO rats.Collectively,our data provides a novel potential strategy for IS treatment by using atmospheric-pressure plasma inhalation.
